Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10392999
G A Bachmann
The number of unplanned pregnancies is increasing among college students in U.S. campuses. Physicians must be alert to the diagnosis of pregnancy in every female patient and to exclude pregnancy before prescribing X-rays or certain drugs. The signs and symptoms of diagnosis can be classified into 3 groups the postive signs the probable signs and the presumptive evidence of pregnancy. The positive signs are identification of the fetal heartbeat reception of active fetal movement and recognition of the fetus radiologically or sonographically. These signs cannot be detected until the 16th or the 20th week of pregnancy; real-time scanning can detect fetal cardiac movement by the 7th week of gestation. The probable signs of pregnancy include enlargement of the uterus changes in size shape and consistency of the uterus changes in the cervix and positive pregnancy test detecting human chorionic gonadotropin in maternal plasma and its excretion in urine. Presumptive evidence of pregnancy includes signs and symptoms that a woman can detect by herself such as cessation of menses changes in the breasts changes in the color of the vaginal mucosa skin pigmentation appearance of abdominal striae nausea with or without vomiting disturbances in urination fatigue and sensation of fetal movement. The article reports on 4 unusual presentations of pregnancy; in all cases although intrauterine pregnancy was not the primary diagnosis there was presumptive evidence. Failure to investigate for possible pregnancy may lead to incorrect diagnosis inappropriate therapy and at times to medical-legal embroilment.
{"title":"Diagnosis of pregnancy.","authors":"G A Bachmann","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10392999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10392999","url":null,"abstract":"The number of unplanned pregnancies is increasing among college students in U.S. campuses. Physicians must be alert to the diagnosis of pregnancy in every female patient and to exclude pregnancy before prescribing X-rays or certain drugs. The signs and symptoms of diagnosis can be classified into 3 groups the postive signs the probable signs and the presumptive evidence of pregnancy. The positive signs are identification of the fetal heartbeat reception of active fetal movement and recognition of the fetus radiologically or sonographically. These signs cannot be detected until the 16th or the 20th week of pregnancy; real-time scanning can detect fetal cardiac movement by the 7th week of gestation. The probable signs of pregnancy include enlargement of the uterus changes in size shape and consistency of the uterus changes in the cervix and positive pregnancy test detecting human chorionic gonadotropin in maternal plasma and its excretion in urine. Presumptive evidence of pregnancy includes signs and symptoms that a woman can detect by herself such as cessation of menses changes in the breasts changes in the color of the vaginal mucosa skin pigmentation appearance of abdominal striae nausea with or without vomiting disturbances in urination fatigue and sensation of fetal movement. The article reports on 4 unusual presentations of pregnancy; in all cases although intrauterine pregnancy was not the primary diagnosis there was presumptive evidence. Failure to investigate for possible pregnancy may lead to incorrect diagnosis inappropriate therapy and at times to medical-legal embroilment.","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10392999","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10393000
R A Hopkins, C B Reifler
Abstract Maintaining fiscal solvency at the University of Rochester Health and Safety Division necessitates increased attention to income sources. Prepaid student fees and university funds are not increasing as rapidly as expenses. In order to maintain services, additional income must be sought from other areas such as expansion of the number of subscribers, increased fee-for-service patients, and increased third party collections. Continued review of expenses in terms of necessity, effectiveness, efficiency, and priority is required. Through the use of a computerized data information system, resource utilization can be explored and reviewed with timeliness and accuracy. Full utilization of the university's accounting capabilities helps to segregate expenses easily and reallocate them to cost centers for purposes of accountability and review. Systems analysis of patient and paper flow can eliminate unnecessary tasks and reduce time required for other functions. The role of the Student Advisory Committee i...
{"title":"Factors in and methods for maintaining fiscal solvency in the health service of a small research university.","authors":"R A Hopkins, C B Reifler","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10393000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Maintaining fiscal solvency at the University of Rochester Health and Safety Division necessitates increased attention to income sources. Prepaid student fees and university funds are not increasing as rapidly as expenses. In order to maintain services, additional income must be sought from other areas such as expansion of the number of subscribers, increased fee-for-service patients, and increased third party collections. Continued review of expenses in terms of necessity, effectiveness, efficiency, and priority is required. Through the use of a computerized data information system, resource utilization can be explored and reviewed with timeliness and accuracy. Full utilization of the university's accounting capabilities helps to segregate expenses easily and reallocate them to cost centers for purposes of accountability and review. Systems analysis of patient and paper flow can eliminate unnecessary tasks and reduce time required for other functions. The role of the Student Advisory Committee i...","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10393003
D M Sisson
{"title":"A description of an outreach program organized by the student health clinic on the campus of University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon.","authors":"D M Sisson","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10393003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10393005
J C Mitchell
{"title":"Psychotherapy and psychophysiologic disorders: an integrative approach.","authors":"J C Mitchell","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10393005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10393004
D J Weber, D H Tilley
Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content.
{"title":"Patients' evaluations of the mental health service at a health sciences campus.","authors":"D J Weber, D H Tilley","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10393004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393004","url":null,"abstract":"Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content.","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10393006
L C Ford
Abstract Nurses, functioning in expanded roles, have created uneasiness in some circles, particularly medicine. Will these new roles for nurses be competitive or collaborative? It is the thesis of the author that the nurse's new expanded role, which is fast becoming the norm, will be collaborative if there is 1) adequate understanding between the disciplines of nursing and medicine of their respective characteristics and range of activities, and if there is clarification of organizational, financial and certification issues; 2) adequate differentiation between the definitions of health and medical needs; 3) adequate attention and resources are given to prevention of disease and disability and promotion of health in a world dominated by medicine and episodic care; 4) organization and financing of health services that accommodate the utilization of nurses in expanded roles; 5) nurses who prepare themselves scientifically, humanistically, and politically for the type and kind of practitioner that society nee...
{"title":"The nurse practitioner: competitive or collaborative?","authors":"L C Ford","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10393006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nurses, functioning in expanded roles, have created uneasiness in some circles, particularly medicine. Will these new roles for nurses be competitive or collaborative? It is the thesis of the author that the nurse's new expanded role, which is fast becoming the norm, will be collaborative if there is 1) adequate understanding between the disciplines of nursing and medicine of their respective characteristics and range of activities, and if there is clarification of organizational, financial and certification issues; 2) adequate differentiation between the definitions of health and medical needs; 3) adequate attention and resources are given to prevention of disease and disability and promotion of health in a world dominated by medicine and episodic care; 4) organization and financing of health services that accommodate the utilization of nurses in expanded roles; 5) nurses who prepare themselves scientifically, humanistically, and politically for the type and kind of practitioner that society nee...","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10393007
D P Kraft
{"title":"New issues in an old dilemma: the confidentiality of mental health records.","authors":"D P Kraft","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10393007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10392995
M A Kane, S A Zinno
Abstract The Medical Department is using a computer-assisted system for auditing care provided by mid-level practitioners. Standards of care and corresponding checklist forms have been developed for six common ambulatory problem areas. These include: Respiratory complaints, headache, gastrointestinal disorders, urinary tract infections, male genitourinary problems, and minor trauma. The standards for the diagnostic process and treatment of each complaint were developed by a working group of physicians and mid-level practitioners. Providers complete a checklist form for each patient presenting with problems covered by the protocol. The checklist serves as the medical record for the visit. Checklist data is entered into a computer which audits the visit record against protocol standards. The computer identifies records containing discrepancies in the appropriateness of diagnosis, treatment plan, and physician consultation. The computer output is not the end of the audit process. It identifies encounter reco...
{"title":"Auditing nonphysician providers' visits through a computer-assisted system.","authors":"M A Kane, S A Zinno","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10392995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10392995","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Medical Department is using a computer-assisted system for auditing care provided by mid-level practitioners. Standards of care and corresponding checklist forms have been developed for six common ambulatory problem areas. These include: Respiratory complaints, headache, gastrointestinal disorders, urinary tract infections, male genitourinary problems, and minor trauma. The standards for the diagnostic process and treatment of each complaint were developed by a working group of physicians and mid-level practitioners. Providers complete a checklist form for each patient presenting with problems covered by the protocol. The checklist serves as the medical record for the visit. Checklist data is entered into a computer which audits the visit record against protocol standards. The computer identifies records containing discrepancies in the appropriateness of diagnosis, treatment plan, and physician consultation. The computer output is not the end of the audit process. It identifies encounter reco...","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10392995","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10393001
R S Sanders, J M Wagener, G Thompson
Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the role of the Oregon State University Infirmary (inpatient unit) in the provision of crisis intervention services for students with emotional problems. The focus was on the working assumptions of the infirmary program, the patient population which utilized the infirmary, the dimensions of treatment, and treatment outcomes. Data were collected for a three year span on all patients who had contact with the infirmary for problems of an emotional nature. Records were reviewed for demographic variables, presenting symptomatology, diagnosis, treatment, disposition, and outcomes. Comparisons were made between these patients and those who received outpatient services through the Oregon State University Mental Health Clinic. Demographic data indicated that patients who were treated in the infirmary differed only slightly from either the general student population of the university or from students receiving outpatient services. Presenting symptoms reflected a wi...
{"title":"The infirmary as a short-term psychiatric facility.","authors":"R S Sanders, J M Wagener, G Thompson","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10393001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the role of the Oregon State University Infirmary (inpatient unit) in the provision of crisis intervention services for students with emotional problems. The focus was on the working assumptions of the infirmary program, the patient population which utilized the infirmary, the dimensions of treatment, and treatment outcomes. Data were collected for a three year span on all patients who had contact with the infirmary for problems of an emotional nature. Records were reviewed for demographic variables, presenting symptomatology, diagnosis, treatment, disposition, and outcomes. Comparisons were made between these patients and those who received outpatient services through the Oregon State University Mental Health Clinic. Demographic data indicated that patients who were treated in the infirmary differed only slightly from either the general student population of the university or from students receiving outpatient services. Presenting symptoms reflected a wi...","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10393001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1981-02-01DOI: 10.1080/01644300.1981.10392998
D H Chenoweth
Abstract This study attempted to determine if health risk appraisals with personalized conferences affected the “health age” of undergraduates at a large, midwestern university. One hundred thirteen (113) students enrolled in four undergraduate health education classes served as subjects. A nonequivalent control group design was employed with two of the classes consisting of students majoring in health-allied disciplines. On the first and last day of class during the ten week course, all students completed a health risk appraisal questionnaire—“Health Evaluation Learning Program”—used to acquire past and present health history and present lifestyle practices. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed by a computer into a printout known as the “Health Risk Index.” All groups received their instruction from lectures. The control groups followed a popular college text and did not receive any feedback via the index or personalized conference. Each student in the experimental classes received a personalized c...
{"title":"Health risk appraisal at the college level.","authors":"D H Chenoweth","doi":"10.1080/01644300.1981.10392998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01644300.1981.10392998","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study attempted to determine if health risk appraisals with personalized conferences affected the “health age” of undergraduates at a large, midwestern university. One hundred thirteen (113) students enrolled in four undergraduate health education classes served as subjects. A nonequivalent control group design was employed with two of the classes consisting of students majoring in health-allied disciplines. On the first and last day of class during the ten week course, all students completed a health risk appraisal questionnaire—“Health Evaluation Learning Program”—used to acquire past and present health history and present lifestyle practices. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed by a computer into a printout known as the “Health Risk Index.” All groups received their instruction from lectures. The control groups followed a popular college text and did not receive any feedback via the index or personalized conference. Each student in the experimental classes received a personalized c...","PeriodicalId":17204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American College Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01644300.1981.10392998","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18277511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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