Pub Date : 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.033
Yi-Shyue Chen, Chih-Feng Lin
{"title":"Response to comment on Classification of chronic rhinosinusitis in Taiwan: A comprehensive analysis based on European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps (EPOS) 2020.","authors":"Yi-Shyue Chen, Chih-Feng Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145687702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.023
Ya Wang, Panpan Bian
{"title":"Comment on \"High- and low-risk human papillomavirus prevalence in sinonasal inverted papilloma, a retrospective study\".","authors":"Ya Wang, Panpan Bian","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145687626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.034
Mingzhu Yang, Ruohui Song
{"title":"Navigating east-west disparities: Towards personalized chronic rhinosinusitis care in Asia.","authors":"Mingzhu Yang, Ruohui Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are major causes of disability in aging societies. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential but remains challenging due to overlapping clinical presentations and limited sensitivity of conventional tools. Advances in nuclear medicine imaging now enable in vivo visualization of key pathological processes, including amyloid-β and tau deposition, α-synuclein aggregation, dopaminergic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and altered cerebral metabolism. Recent progress in quantitation frameworks, multimodal integration with fluid biomarkers, and AI-assisted applications is further enhancing reproducibility and clinical translation. In this review, we summarize advances in radiotracer development, clinical applications, and standardization efforts, highlight insights from Taiwan on the integration of molecular imaging into differential diagnostic workflows for dementia and Parkinsonian syndromes, and outline remaining challenges and future directions toward precision medicine in neurodegenerative disorders.
{"title":"Updates of nuclear medicine imaging in neurodegenerative disorders.","authors":"Shao-Yi Huang, Kun-Ju Lin, Guang-Uei Hung, Ing-Tsung Hsiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are major causes of disability in aging societies. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential but remains challenging due to overlapping clinical presentations and limited sensitivity of conventional tools. Advances in nuclear medicine imaging now enable in vivo visualization of key pathological processes, including amyloid-β and tau deposition, α-synuclein aggregation, dopaminergic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and altered cerebral metabolism. Recent progress in quantitation frameworks, multimodal integration with fluid biomarkers, and AI-assisted applications is further enhancing reproducibility and clinical translation. In this review, we summarize advances in radiotracer development, clinical applications, and standardization efforts, highlight insights from Taiwan on the integration of molecular imaging into differential diagnostic workflows for dementia and Parkinsonian syndromes, and outline remaining challenges and future directions toward precision medicine in neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.10.040
Kai-Chi Chang , Mei-Hwei Chang
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a significant global health concern, with an estimated 50 million affected individuals worldwide and approximately 1 million new infections annually. While elimination efforts have primarily targeted adults, HCV infection in children has received comparatively little attention. Globally, an estimated 3.5–5 million children live with chronic HCV. In Taiwan, although the general seroprevalence is 4–5 %, specific data on younger generations remain scarce. The prevalence was approximately 0.17 % among individuals <18 years, based on our unpublished nationwide data.
Parenteral exposure, mother-to-infant transmission, and surgical interventions are key transmission routes in children. Despite the lower risk of progression in pediatric cases, chronic HCV can lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, or even hepatocellular carcinoma. Fortunately, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionized treatment, offering >95 % sustained virologic response with excellent safety profiles in children aged ≥3 years. However, challenges persist, including lack of universal HCV screening during pregnancy, underdiagnosis in children, and delayed treatment initiation.
Achieving HCV elimination in Taiwan by 2030 requires expanding pediatric-focused strategies, improving maternal screening, and enhancing public awareness to reduce transmission risks and improve long-term outcomes in children.
{"title":"Current status and unmet needs of pediatric HCV infection in Taiwan","authors":"Kai-Chi Chang , Mei-Hwei Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.10.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.10.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a significant global health concern, with an estimated 50 million affected individuals worldwide and approximately 1 million new infections annually. While elimination efforts have primarily targeted adults, HCV infection in children has received comparatively little attention. Globally, an estimated 3.5–5 million children live with chronic HCV. In Taiwan, although the general seroprevalence is 4–5 %, specific data on younger generations remain scarce. The prevalence was approximately 0.17 % among individuals <18 years, based on our unpublished nationwide data.</div><div>Parenteral exposure, mother-to-infant transmission, and surgical interventions are key transmission routes in children. Despite the lower risk of progression in pediatric cases, chronic HCV can lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, or even hepatocellular carcinoma. Fortunately, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionized treatment, offering >95 % sustained virologic response with excellent safety profiles in children aged ≥3 years. However, challenges persist, including lack of universal HCV screening during pregnancy, underdiagnosis in children, and delayed treatment initiation.</div><div>Achieving HCV elimination in Taiwan by 2030 requires expanding pediatric-focused strategies, improving maternal screening, and enhancing public awareness to reduce transmission risks and improve long-term outcomes in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages S84-S89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.011
Chien-Hung Chen
People who inject drugs (PWID) are among the populations most heavily infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Taiwan has implemented targeted strategies to pursue HCV micro-elimination in this high-burden group. Universal screening combined with on-site direct-acting antiviral therapy has been carried out in Yunlin and Penghu prisons, achieving a sustained virologic response rate of 100 % in per-protocol analysis. Critical factors underlying this success included strong collaboration with the Ministry of Justice's Agency of Corrections, comprehensive universal screening, and immediate treatment within the correctional setting. In the community, a collaborative care model was introduced in Changhua County to address HCV among marginalized populations, including PWID, people living with human immunodeficiency virus, prisoners, and those undergoing methadone maintenance therapy. This model achieved both high screening and treatment uptake rate, demonstrating that successful elimination requires highly integrated approaches. Ideally, such programs should be coordinated by public health authorities in partnership with healthcare providers to ensure concurrent delivery of screening and treatment across all potential contact points with PWID. Taiwan's experience with prison-based elimination programs and community-based integrated care provides valuable insights and practical strategies for advancing HCV micro-elimination efforts among PWID worldwide.
{"title":"Hepatitis C micro-elimination in people who inject drugs: Incarcerated or methadone maintenance therapy in Taiwan","authors":"Chien-Hung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People who inject drugs (PWID) are among the populations most heavily infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Taiwan has implemented targeted strategies to pursue HCV micro-elimination in this high-burden group. Universal screening combined with on-site direct-acting antiviral therapy has been carried out in Yunlin and Penghu prisons, achieving a sustained virologic response rate of 100 % in per-protocol analysis. Critical factors underlying this success included strong collaboration with the Ministry of Justice's Agency of Corrections, comprehensive universal screening, and immediate treatment within the correctional setting. In the community, a collaborative care model was introduced in Changhua County to address HCV among marginalized populations, including PWID, people living with human immunodeficiency virus, prisoners, and those undergoing methadone maintenance therapy. This model achieved both high screening and treatment uptake rate, demonstrating that successful elimination requires highly integrated approaches. Ideally, such programs should be coordinated by public health authorities in partnership with healthcare providers to ensure concurrent delivery of screening and treatment across all potential contact points with PWID. Taiwan's experience with prison-based elimination programs and community-based integrated care provides valuable insights and practical strategies for advancing HCV micro-elimination efforts among PWID worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages S109-S112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145523685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S0929-6646(25)00680-1
{"title":"Copyright transfer statement","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0929-6646(25)00680-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0929-6646(25)00680-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":"124 ","pages":"Page e12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S0929-6646(25)00678-3
{"title":"Checklist","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0929-6646(25)00678-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0929-6646(25)00678-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":"124 ","pages":"Page e9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.09.008
Chien-Jen Chen , Chao-Chun Wu , Shi-Lun Wei , Li-Ju Lin , Wen-Chung Lee , Chun-Ju Chiang , Rong-Nan Chien , Sheng-Nan Lu
Chronic liver diseases (CLD) including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been major causes of death in Taiwan for at least six decades in Taiwan. Based on the long-term follow-up studies of GECC and REVEAL cohorts, chronic infections of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been well-documented as major causes of end-stage liver diseases in Taiwan. The nation-wide HBV immunization program was implemented in 1984, and the chronic viral hepatitis treatment program was launched in 2003 in Taiwan. Based on the age-period-cohort analysis of liver disease mortality in Taiwan, there was a significant reduction in the mortality from CLD (82 %) and HCC (63 %) for the immunized birth cohorts compared with unimmunized birth cohorts, showing the high effectiveness of HBV immunization program. There was also a significant reduction in the mortality from CLD (26 %) and HCC (50 %) from 2004 to 2018, showing the significant effectiveness of anti-viral treatment program. Taiwan started a national HCV elimination program in 2017 to reach 2030 targets proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) by 2025. Through the nation-wide screening of high-risk and general population, stringent follow-up of care cascade, and continuous monitoring, the WHO programmatic targets will be achieved in 2025.
{"title":"National strategy for elimination of liver diseases in Taiwan","authors":"Chien-Jen Chen , Chao-Chun Wu , Shi-Lun Wei , Li-Ju Lin , Wen-Chung Lee , Chun-Ju Chiang , Rong-Nan Chien , Sheng-Nan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic liver diseases (CLD) including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been major causes of death in Taiwan for at least six decades in Taiwan. Based on the long-term follow-up studies of GECC and REVEAL cohorts, chronic infections of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been well-documented as major causes of end-stage liver diseases in Taiwan. The nation-wide HBV immunization program was implemented in 1984, and the chronic viral hepatitis treatment program was launched in 2003 in Taiwan. Based on the age-period-cohort analysis of liver disease mortality in Taiwan, there was a significant reduction in the mortality from CLD (82 %) and HCC (63 %) for the immunized birth cohorts compared with unimmunized birth cohorts, showing the high effectiveness of HBV immunization program. There was also a significant reduction in the mortality from CLD (26 %) and HCC (50 %) from 2004 to 2018, showing the significant effectiveness of anti-viral treatment program. Taiwan started a national HCV elimination program in 2017 to reach 2030 targets proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) by 2025. Through the nation-wide screening of high-risk and general population, stringent follow-up of care cascade, and continuous monitoring, the WHO programmatic targets will be achieved in 2025.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages S74-S83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.09.016
Chung-Feng Huang , Po-Cheng Liang , Yu-Ju Wei , Chao-Chun Wu , Shi-Lun Wei , Li-Ju Lin , Pei-Chun Hsieh , Tsui-Hsia Hsu , Maggie Shu-Mei Hsu , Ya-Xin Luo , Hsi-Chieh Chen , Tsu-Yun Ho , Shao-Hsuan Lin , Chia-Ling Liu , Kuo-Pen Cheng , John W. Ward , Ming-Lung Yu
The anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) seropositivity rate among hemodialysis patients in Taiwan was reported to be 10.6 %–17.3 % in the last decade. HCV treatment uptake in patients undergoing hemodialysis has tremendously improved with the innovation reimbursement of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) since 2017 in Taiwan. Two successful models of HCV microelimination using DAAs for patients undergoing hemodialysis, one local public health bureau-led strategy (CHIPS–C) and one investigator-initiated campaign (ERASE-C), have been successfully established in Taiwan. Based on data through December 2024, official data of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan retrieved from 108,116 patients undergoing hemodialysis indicated that almost all patients undergoing hemodialysis across the country were screened for anti-HCV antibodies (ranging from 99.9 % to 100 % among 22 counties and cities). Among the patients who were anti-HCV seropositive, the HCV RNA diagnostic rate was 97.4 %. Finally, the treatment rate of viremic patients was 97.0 %. With respect to prevention, the seroconversion rate from anti-HCV seronegativity to anti-HCV seropositivity decreased gradually from 0.36 % in 2011 to 0.08 % in 2021 according to the report of the Taiwan Renal Data System (TWRDS). We now believe that Taiwan has achieved HCV microelimination in the hemodialysis population in 2025.
{"title":"Nationwide hepatitis C virus microelimination in uremic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Taiwan","authors":"Chung-Feng Huang , Po-Cheng Liang , Yu-Ju Wei , Chao-Chun Wu , Shi-Lun Wei , Li-Ju Lin , Pei-Chun Hsieh , Tsui-Hsia Hsu , Maggie Shu-Mei Hsu , Ya-Xin Luo , Hsi-Chieh Chen , Tsu-Yun Ho , Shao-Hsuan Lin , Chia-Ling Liu , Kuo-Pen Cheng , John W. Ward , Ming-Lung Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfma.2025.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) seropositivity rate among hemodialysis patients in Taiwan was reported to be 10.6 %–17.3 % in the last decade. HCV treatment uptake in patients undergoing hemodialysis has tremendously improved with the innovation reimbursement of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) since 2017 in Taiwan. Two successful models of HCV microelimination using DAAs for patients undergoing hemodialysis, one local public health bureau-led strategy (CHIPS–C) and one investigator-initiated campaign (ERASE-C), have been successfully established in Taiwan. Based on data through December 2024, official data of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan retrieved from 108,116 patients undergoing hemodialysis indicated that almost all patients undergoing hemodialysis across the country were screened for anti-HCV antibodies (ranging from 99.9 % to 100 % among 22 counties and cities). Among the patients who were anti-HCV seropositive, the HCV RNA diagnostic rate was 97.4 %. Finally, the treatment rate of viremic patients was 97.0 %. With respect to prevention, the seroconversion rate from anti-HCV seronegativity to anti-HCV seropositivity decreased gradually from 0.36 % in 2011 to 0.08 % in 2021 according to the report of the Taiwan Renal Data System (TWRDS). We now believe that Taiwan has achieved HCV microelimination in the hemodialysis population in 2025.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17305,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","volume":"124 ","pages":"Pages S102-S108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145064995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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