Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.36
M. Le, Man-Seung Lee
The spent petroleum catalysts contain rare metals such as vanadium, nickel, molybdenum, and cobalt. Therefore, the leaching of these rare metals from spent petroleum catalysts by organic acid was investigated in the present study. The leaching efficiency of metals by organic acid was in the following order: oxalic acid > tartaric acid > citric acid > maleic acid > ascorbic acid. Among the organic acids employed in this work, oxalic acid can be considered to be superior to the other acids in terms of metals leaching efficiency. The effect of several leaching conditions such as temperature, acid concentration, pulp density, stirring speed, and reaction time on the leaching of metals was investigated. Vanadium and molybdenum were selectively dissolved by oxalic acid from the spent catalysts. The leaching kinetics of vanadium by oxalic acid was also investigated. An activation energy of 8.76 kJ/mol indicated that the leaching kinetics of vanadium by oxalic acid solution was controlled by mass transfer.
{"title":"Leaching of Rare Metals from Spent Petroleum Catalysts by Organic Acid Solution","authors":"M. Le, Man-Seung Lee","doi":"10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.36","url":null,"abstract":"The spent petroleum catalysts contain rare metals such as vanadium, nickel, molybdenum, and cobalt. Therefore, the leaching of these rare metals from spent petroleum catalysts by organic acid was investigated in the present study. The leaching efficiency of metals by organic acid was in the following order: oxalic acid > tartaric acid > citric acid > maleic acid > ascorbic acid. Among the organic acids employed in this work, oxalic acid can be considered to be superior to the other acids in terms of metals leaching efficiency. The effect of several leaching conditions such as temperature, acid concentration, pulp density, stirring speed, and reaction time on the leaching of metals was investigated. Vanadium and molybdenum were selectively dissolved by oxalic acid from the spent catalysts. The leaching kinetics of vanadium by oxalic acid was also investigated. An activation energy of 8.76 kJ/mol indicated that the leaching kinetics of vanadium by oxalic acid solution was controlled by mass transfer.","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90437123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.18
Boram Kim, Nak-Kyoon Ahn, Sang‐Woo Lee, Dae-Weon Kim
In order to recover the cerium contained in the spent nickel metal hydride batteries (NiMH battery), the recovered rare earth complex precipitates from NIMH were converted into rare earth hydroxides through ion exchange reaction to react with NaOH aqueous solution at a reaction temperature of 70 °C, for 4 hours. Rare earth hydroxides were oxidized by injecting air at 80 °C for 4 hours to oxidize Ce to Ce. The oxidation rate of cerium was confirmed to be about 25 % through XPS, and the oxidized powder was separated from the rest of the rare earth using the difference in solubility in dilute sulfuric acid. The finally recovered powder has a crystal phase of cerium hydroxide (Ce(OH)4). The cerium purity of the final product was about 94.6 %, and the recovery rate was 97.3 %.
{"title":"A Study on the Separation of Cerium from Rare Earth Precipitates Recovered from Waste NiMH Battery·","authors":"Boram Kim, Nak-Kyoon Ahn, Sang‐Woo Lee, Dae-Weon Kim","doi":"10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.18","url":null,"abstract":"In order to recover the cerium contained in the spent nickel metal hydride batteries (NiMH battery), the recovered rare earth complex precipitates from NIMH were converted into rare earth hydroxides through ion exchange reaction to react with NaOH aqueous solution at a reaction temperature of 70 °C, for 4 hours. Rare earth hydroxides were oxidized by injecting air at 80 °C for 4 hours to oxidize Ce to Ce. The oxidation rate of cerium was confirmed to be about 25 % through XPS, and the oxidized powder was separated from the rest of the rare earth using the difference in solubility in dilute sulfuric acid. The finally recovered powder has a crystal phase of cerium hydroxide (Ce(OH)4). The cerium purity of the final product was about 94.6 %, and the recovery rate was 97.3 %.","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75131915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.87
C. Han, S. Son, Man-Seung Lee, Yong Hwan Kim
This study investigated the effect of process variables for smelting of recovery of valuable metal in the sludge generated from PCB. The moisture and organics in the sludge was removed by preteatment process. The phase equilibria and slag system was selected by thermodynamic phase calculation program and the process variable of pyro-metallurgical process such as reductant. Smelting temperature and holding time for a recovery of valuable metal was studied.
{"title":"Study on the Pyro-metallurgical Process for Recovery of Valuable Metal in the Sludge Originated from PCB Manufacturing Process","authors":"C. Han, S. Son, Man-Seung Lee, Yong Hwan Kim","doi":"10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.87","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of process variables for smelting of recovery of valuable metal in the sludge generated from PCB. The moisture and organics in the sludge was removed by preteatment process. The phase equilibria and slag system was selected by thermodynamic phase calculation program and the process variable of pyro-metallurgical process such as reductant. Smelting temperature and holding time for a recovery of valuable metal was studied.","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75593508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.26
Youngjin Kim, Seung-In Kim, Jaeryeong Lee
This study aims to introduce and economical review on the possibilities of rare earth elements(REEs) recovery from coal ashes and the analysis of economical evaluation factors based on the data for securing domestic rare earth elements. The cut-off grade of REEs on recovering from coal ash was confirmed to be 1,000 ppm on total rare earth oxides(TREO) basis, and while the economic value of coal ash changed with contents and specific elements of rare earth elements. This shall be resulted in the price differences of rare earth elements required by the current industry, and it probably varies depending on the future demand of rare earth components. For developing of commercial recovery technology on REEs in coal ashes, many researches have been carried out by various analyzing methods, such as evaluation of holding value of REEs in ashes, assessment between supply and demand of industry, comparison of investment and its profitability for the REEs’s production from coal ashes, and so on. Although these methods have been suggested, its recovery system with economical feasibility could not been confirmed up to present. In this reason, the process design of recovering REEs from coal ash shall be researched continuously to solve the problems of the global rare earth market. And also these researches shall be conducted actively in Korea for the purpose of securing the REEs resources and their recovering technologies. · Received : October 1, 2019 · Revised : October 30, 2019 · Accepted : November 15, 2019 § Corresponding Author : Jaeryeong Lee (E-mail: jr-lee@kangwon.ac.kr) Department of Energy & Resources Engineering, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Korea cThe Korean Institute of Resources Recycling. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 석탄재에 포함된 희토류의 경제성 평가 27 자원리싸이클링 제 28 권 제 6 호, 2019
本文以国内稀土元素获取数据为基础，介绍了从煤灰中回收稀土元素的可能性，并对其经济性评价因素进行了分析。以总稀土氧化物(TREO)为基础，确定了煤灰中稀土元素的截止品位为1000 ppm，而煤灰的经济价值随稀土元素含量和比元素的变化而变化。这将导致当前行业所需稀土元素的价格差异，并可能根据未来稀土组件的需求而变化。针对煤灰中稀土商业化回收技术的开发，人们采用各种分析方法进行了大量研究，如煤灰中稀土的持有价值评价、行业供需评估、煤灰中稀土生产的投资与盈利能力比较等。虽然这些方法已被提出，但其经济可行性的回收体系目前尚未得到证实。因此，需要不断研究从煤灰中回收稀土的工艺设计，以解决全球稀土市场的问题。为了确保稀土资源及其回收技术，应积极开展这些研究。通讯作者:Jaeryeong Lee (E-mail: jr-lee@kangwon.ac.kr)江原大学能源与资源工程系，1 Gangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Korea .韩国资源回收研究所。版权所有。这是一篇根据知识共享署名非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)条款发布的开放获取文章，该许可允许在任何媒介上不受限制地进行非商业使用、分发和复制，前提是正确引用原创作品。석탄재에포함된희토류의경제성평가27자원리싸이클링제28권제호,2019
{"title":"Economic Evaluation of Rare Earth Elements Contained in Coal Ash","authors":"Youngjin Kim, Seung-In Kim, Jaeryeong Lee","doi":"10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.26","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to introduce and economical review on the possibilities of rare earth elements(REEs) recovery from coal ashes and the analysis of economical evaluation factors based on the data for securing domestic rare earth elements. The cut-off grade of REEs on recovering from coal ash was confirmed to be 1,000 ppm on total rare earth oxides(TREO) basis, and while the economic value of coal ash changed with contents and specific elements of rare earth elements. This shall be resulted in the price differences of rare earth elements required by the current industry, and it probably varies depending on the future demand of rare earth components. For developing of commercial recovery technology on REEs in coal ashes, many researches have been carried out by various analyzing methods, such as evaluation of holding value of REEs in ashes, assessment between supply and demand of industry, comparison of investment and its profitability for the REEs’s production from coal ashes, and so on. Although these methods have been suggested, its recovery system with economical feasibility could not been confirmed up to present. In this reason, the process design of recovering REEs from coal ash shall be researched continuously to solve the problems of the global rare earth market. And also these researches shall be conducted actively in Korea for the purpose of securing the REEs resources and their recovering technologies. · Received : October 1, 2019 · Revised : October 30, 2019 · Accepted : November 15, 2019 § Corresponding Author : Jaeryeong Lee (E-mail: jr-lee@kangwon.ac.kr) Department of Energy & Resources Engineering, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Korea cThe Korean Institute of Resources Recycling. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 석탄재에 포함된 희토류의 경제성 평가 27 자원리싸이클링 제 28 권 제 6 호, 2019","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72695040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.73
H. Kim, YongBeum Kim, K. Ko, Sang-woo Kim, Hwan-bo Shim
In this investigation, off-gas generated from the activated sludge in wastewater treatment plant was monitored. Through monitoring, the oxygen transfer efficiency in the aeration system and the reliability was evaluated by comparing to clean water. First, the dissolved oxygen, oxygen transfer coefficient, and standard oxygen transfer efficiency were measured based on clean water, and the values were 8.60 mg/L, 9.490/hr and 23.96%, respectively. The off-gas monitoring at the wastewater treatment plant indicated that the standard oxygen transfer efficiency was 22.81%. Little difference in oxygen transfer efficiency this data inferred that the performance was improved through diffuser installation in the field monitoring system.
{"title":"Study on the Standard Oxygen Transfer Efficiency Monitoring System in the Aeration Tank for Reuse and Discharge of Wastewater","authors":"H. Kim, YongBeum Kim, K. Ko, Sang-woo Kim, Hwan-bo Shim","doi":"10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.73","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, off-gas generated from the activated sludge in wastewater treatment plant was monitored. Through monitoring, the oxygen transfer efficiency in the aeration system and the reliability was evaluated by comparing to clean water. First, the dissolved oxygen, oxygen transfer coefficient, and standard oxygen transfer efficiency were measured based on clean water, and the values were 8.60 mg/L, 9.490/hr and 23.96%, respectively. The off-gas monitoring at the wastewater treatment plant indicated that the standard oxygen transfer efficiency was 22.81%. Little difference in oxygen transfer efficiency this data inferred that the performance was improved through diffuser installation in the field monitoring system.","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86111126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.64
Hun Song, Hyeon-Uk Shin
Fly ash has different chemical composition depending on the type and quality of flaming coal. Fly ash is classified according to carbon content and particle size. Waste glass powder is manufactured by crushing glass. Exterior Insulation Finish System (EIFS) is generally applied by using poly-styrene foam which is economical and has excellent thermal insulation performance. However, poly-styrene foam has excellent insulation performance, but it is vulnerable to fire, which is becoming a serious problem. In this study, using a fly ash and waste glass powder to produce a finishing mortar at high temperatures. Also, High temperature strength and flame retardant properties were tested according to the cover thickness. From the test result, finishing mortar prepared using fly ash and waste glass powder is due to the improved heat resistance by alkali-activated bonding. However, since the strength decreases at high temperatures, it is necessary to select an appropriate mixing proportion.
{"title":"High Temperature Properties in Finishing Mortars of Exterior Insulation Finishing System Using Fly Ash and Waste Glass Powder","authors":"Hun Song, Hyeon-Uk Shin","doi":"10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2019.28.6.64","url":null,"abstract":"Fly ash has different chemical composition depending on the type and quality of flaming coal. Fly ash is classified according to carbon content and particle size. Waste glass powder is manufactured by crushing glass. Exterior Insulation Finish System (EIFS) is generally applied by using poly-styrene foam which is economical and has excellent thermal insulation performance. However, poly-styrene foam has excellent insulation performance, but it is vulnerable to fire, which is becoming a serious problem. In this study, using a fly ash and waste glass powder to produce a finishing mortar at high temperatures. Also, High temperature strength and flame retardant properties were tested according to the cover thickness. From the test result, finishing mortar prepared using fly ash and waste glass powder is due to the improved heat resistance by alkali-activated bonding. However, since the strength decreases at high temperatures, it is necessary to select an appropriate mixing proportion.","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89932668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.1.23
Min-Jun Kim, I. Park, Dae-Weon Kim, Hang-Chul Jung
{"title":"A Study on the Cementation Reaction of Cadmium by Zinc Powders from Leaching Solution of Waste Nickel-Cadmium Batteries","authors":"Min-Jun Kim, I. Park, Dae-Weon Kim, Hang-Chul Jung","doi":"10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"16 1","pages":"23-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88226870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.4.37
Kwang-Hoon Ko, Yun-Jung Bae, J. Moon, Hong-Yoon Kang, Y. Hwang
{"title":"An Economic Effect Analysis on Remanufacturing Part of Automobile","authors":"Kwang-Hoon Ko, Yun-Jung Bae, J. Moon, Hong-Yoon Kang, Y. Hwang","doi":"10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.4.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.4.37","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"80 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83394819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.2.31
Suyun Kim, Kim Young-jin, Seung-hyun Kim, Lee Jae Ryeong
{"title":"Analyses of Physical Properties of Copper-contained Sludge Pelletized for Applied Pyro-metallurgical Process","authors":"Suyun Kim, Kim Young-jin, Seung-hyun Kim, Lee Jae Ryeong","doi":"10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"14 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73005095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.5.42
Ho-Sung Yoon, Chaesujin, Chul-Joo Kim, K. Chung, Kim Min Seuk
{"title":"Precipitation Behavior of Ammonium Vanadate from Solution Containing Vanadium","authors":"Ho-Sung Yoon, Chaesujin, Chul-Joo Kim, K. Chung, Kim Min Seuk","doi":"10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.5.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7844/KIRR.2019.28.5.42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling","volume":"18 1","pages":"42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90142412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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