Journal of The European Ceramic Society最新文献

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Advances in MOF-derived porous carbons, oxides, and hybrids for water splitting and beyond mof衍生多孔碳、氧化物和杂化物在水分解及其他领域的研究进展

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118156

Mathivanan Durai , Mani Durai , Elangovan Erusappan , Sivalingam Gopi , Kyusik Yun

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives have emerged as powerful precursors for designing efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting due to their tunable porosity, compositional flexibility, and high density of accessible metal sites. However, the poor electrical conductivity and limited stability of pristine MOFs restrict their direct electrocatalytic application. Recent advances demonstrate that controlled derivatization and hybridization particularly defect engineering, heterointerface formation, and coupling with conductive matrices can fundamentally transform MOFs into highly active and robust bifunctional catalysts. MOF-derived hybrids incorporating transition-metal compounds embedded in conductive carbon architectures exhibit accelerated charge transfer, optimized adsorption energetics, and enhanced structural stability across acidic, neutral, and alkaline media. As a result, many systems deliver hydrogen evolution reaction overpotentials below 70 mV and oxygen evolution reaction overpotentials around 230–250 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², approaching or rivaling noble-metal benchmarks, while maintaining long-term durability. This review critically summarizes recent progress in MOF-derived electrocatalysts, with an emphasis on structure property relationships, interface modulation, and synergistic hybrid designs that govern catalytic performance. Finally, key challenges and future opportunities are discussed to guide the rational development of next-generation MOF-derived materials for scalable and sustainable water-splitting technologies.

金属有机骨架（mof）及其衍生物由于其可调节的孔隙度、组成的灵活性和可达金属位点的高密度，已成为设计高效水分解电催化剂的有力先驱。然而，原始mof的导电性差和稳定性有限限制了其直接电催化应用。最近的研究表明，控制衍生化和杂化，特别是缺陷工程、异质界面形成和与导电基质的耦合，可以从根本上将mof转变为高活性和坚固的双功能催化剂。将过渡金属化合物嵌入导电碳结构的mof衍生杂化物在酸性、中性和碱性介质中表现出加速的电荷转移、优化的吸附能量学和增强的结构稳定性。因此，许多系统的析氢反应过电位低于70 mV，析氧反应过电位约为230-250 mV， 10 mA cm−2，接近或与贵金属基准相匹敌，同时保持长期耐用性。本文综述了mof衍生电催化剂的最新进展，重点介绍了结构性质关系、界面调制和控制催化性能的协同混合设计。最后，讨论了关键挑战和未来机遇，以指导下一代mof衍生材料的合理开发，以实现可扩展和可持续的水分解技术。

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引用次数: 0

Plasma ablation behavior of Yb2O3 modified C/C-Hf1-xZrxC composites Yb2O3改性C/C- hf1 - xzrxc复合材料的等离子体烧蚀行为

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118131

Yupeng Chang , Qinchuan He , Yufei Xiong , Yiqun Wang , Congmin Fan , Xuemin Yin

C/C-Hf_1-xZr_xC composites were fabricated via the precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process, with varying Yb₂O₃ concentrations. In this study, the ablation behaviour of modified ceramic composites in a plasma flame was systematically investigated, and their corresponding. Through analysis of the post-ablation morphology and microstructure, the corresponding microstructural evolution was analysed. During the ablation test, the modified components were preferentially oxidized to generate a Hf-Zr-Yb-O oxide barrier layer, which effectively mitigated the thermal oxidation damage. Additionally, the addition of Yb₂O₃ stabilizes the high temperature phase of HfO₂/ZrO₂ and enhances the integrity of the oxide layer by minimizing spalling caused by structural stress. At high temperatures, Yb₂O₃ reacts with HfO₂/ZrO₂ to form the refractory phases Yb₂Zr₂O₇ and Yb₂Hf₂O₇. These newly formed phases demonstrate excellent thermal stability, surpassing that of HfO₂/ZrO₂, thereby promoting improved ablation performance through both physical shielding and chemical stabilization effects.

采用前驱体渗透热解（PIP）法制备了不同Yb2O3浓度的C/C- hf1 - xzrxc复合材料。本文系统地研究了改性陶瓷复合材料在等离子体火焰中的烧蚀行为及其相应的性能。通过对烧蚀后形貌和显微组织的分析，分析了相应的组织演变。在烧蚀过程中，改性组分被优先氧化生成Hf-Zr-Yb-O氧化物阻挡层，有效减轻了热氧化损伤。此外，Yb2O3的加入稳定了HfO2/ZrO2的高温相，并通过减少结构应力引起的剥落来增强氧化层的完整性。在高温下，Yb2O3与HfO2/ZrO2反应形成Yb2Zr2O7和Yb2Hf2O7耐火相。这些新形成的相表现出优异的热稳定性，超过了HfO2/ZrO2，从而通过物理屏蔽和化学稳定作用提高了烧蚀性能。

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引用次数: 0

La3 + modified BaBi4Ti4O15 bismuth layer-structured ceramics toward high energy storage density and efficiency La3 +改性BaBi4Ti4O15铋层结构陶瓷朝着高能量存储密度和效率的方向发展

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118170

Fanfei Xu , Qian Xiong , Li Ma , Chengjian Huang , Zhenyong Cen , Rui Huang , Sasipohn Prasertpalichat , Nengneng Luo

Owing to alternate (Bi₂O₂)²⁺ layers and perovskite blocks structures, BaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅ ferroelectric ceramic exhibits high breakdown strengthen, making it promising in energy storage applications. However, the substantial hysteresis and remnant polarization under electric field impairs its energy storage performance. In this work, rare-earth ion La³⁺ was added into BaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅ to form a new solid solution BaBi_4-xLa_xTi₄O₁₅ (BBLTx) to address the problem and simultaneously optimize the energy storage performance. Interestingly, the BBLTx ceramics demonstrated improved relaxor characteristic and reduced grain size, which significantly reduced the polarization hysteresis while increased the breakdown strength. Notably, the BBLT0.9 ceramic showcased high recoverable energy density of 6.7 J/cm³ and ultrahigh efficiency up to 93.5 %, under an applied electric field of 820 kV/cm. This work highlights the significant potential of BBT-based lead-free ceramics for advanced energy storage applications and provides novel insights into performance optimization strategies through functional modification.

由于替代（Bi2O2）2+层和钙钛矿块结构，BaBi4Ti4O15铁电陶瓷具有高击穿强度，使其在储能应用中具有前景。然而，电场作用下的大量滞后和残余极化影响了其储能性能。本文将稀土离子La3+加入到BaBi4Ti4O15中，形成一种新的固溶体BaBi4-xLaxTi4O15 （BBLTx）来解决这一问题，同时优化储能性能。有趣的是，BBLTx陶瓷的弛豫特性得到改善，晶粒尺寸减小，极化滞后显著降低，击穿强度提高。值得注意的是，在820 kV/cm的电场下，BBLT0.9陶瓷的可回收能量密度高达6.7 J/cm3，效率高达93.5 %。这项工作突出了基于bbt的无铅陶瓷在先进储能应用中的巨大潜力，并通过功能修改为性能优化策略提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

A HfSiO4-based coating with stronger oxidation resistance defending C/C composites at 1773 K and 1973 K in air 一种在空气中1773 K和1973 K下具有较强抗氧化性能的hfsio4基涂层

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118180

Xiaofei Zhu , Jian Zhang , Ruicong Chen , In-Ho Jung , Yulei Zhang

The high-temperature oxidation of Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites limits their application as hot-end structural materials in the aerospace industry. To solve this problem, a HfSiO₄-based coating with strong oxygen blocking ability on the C/C composites was fabricated by a compound method of slurry brushing and in-situ oxidation sintering. The C/C composites were protected by the coating for 2257 h at 1773 K, 121 h at 1973 K in air, with a mass loss of about 0.50 wt%, respectively. Such good performance was attributed to the Hf-Si-O oxygen barrier layer with abundant and uniformly distributed HfSiO₄ particles (Volume accounting for over 65 %). The HfSiO₄ particles could reduce the volatile mass of the SiO₂ glass, and relieve the difference of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the SiC inner coating and SiO₂ in the outer coating. More importantly, the oxygen diffusion resistance of the Hf-Si-O layer with HfSiO₄ as the main phase was significantly enhanced, providing a basis for optimizing the composition of oxidation resistance coatings at 1973 K and above in air.

碳/碳（C/C）复合材料的高温氧化限制了其作为热端结构材料在航空航天工业中的应用。为解决这一问题，采用浆液涂刷和原位氧化烧结复合方法，在C/C复合材料表面制备了具有强阻氧能力的hfsio4基涂层。在1773 K和1973 K下，涂层对C/C复合材料的保护时间分别为2257 h和121 h，质量损失分别为0.50 wt%。这种良好的性能归功于Hf-Si-O氧障层中含有丰富且均匀分布的HfSiO4颗粒（体积占比超过65% %）。HfSiO4颗粒可以降低SiO2玻璃的挥发质量，减小SiC内涂层与SiO2外涂层的热膨胀系数差异。更重要的是，以HfSiO4为主要相的Hf-Si-O层的抗氧扩散能力显著增强，为优化1973 K及以上空气中抗氧化涂层的组成提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

A simple method for selecting suitable sintering aids for LZP-based ceramic electrolytes to improve lithium-ion conductivity 一种简单的方法选择合适的助烧结剂，以提高lzp基陶瓷电解质的锂离子电导率

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118187

Xingrui Pu , Xing Cheng , Ruize Yang , Chengzhi Wei , Xinhang Chu , Xiaohong Zhu

The large grain boundary resistance restricts conductivity of LiZr₂(PO₄)₃ (LZP) ceramic electrolyte. This work presents an effective and simple screening technique for quickly screening out appropriate sintering aids to overcome this disadvantage. Firstly, Bi₂O₃ (BO), Li₃BO₃ (LBO) and LiBF₄ (LBF) were selected from fourteen candidates as sintering aids for Li_0.94Zr_1.94Ta_0.06(PO₄)₃ (LZTP) electrolyte. The correlations between phase, relative density, microstructure, composition and conductivity are discussed. The total conductivity of LZTP-0.5 wt%LBO is 8.60 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹. LZTP-2wt%BO reaches the highest conductivity of 9.24 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹, which is approximately 1.5 times that of pure LZTP. The reason for the total conductivity enhancement is mainly attributed to the enhancement of grain boundary transport. However, compared to BO and LBO, the LBF sintering aid exhibited negative effects on conductivity. The lithium symmetrical cell equipped with LZTP-2wt%BO exhibits a long cycle stability for 900 h. This screening strategy can provide reference and inspiration for the selection of sintering aids for other LZP-based ceramic electrolytes.

较大的晶界电阻限制了lizzr2 (PO4)3 （LZP）陶瓷电解质的导电性。这项工作提出了一种有效和简单的筛选技术，可以快速筛选出合适的烧结助剂，以克服这一缺点。首先，从14种候选材料中选择Bi2O3 （BO）、Li3BO3 （LBO）和LiBF4 （LBF）作为Li0.94Zr1.94Ta0.06(PO4)3 （LZTP）电解质的助烧剂。讨论了相、相对密度、显微组织、成分和电导率之间的关系。LZTP-0.5 wt%LBO的总电导率为8.60 × 10−5 S cm−1。LZTP-2wt%BO的电导率最高，为9.24 × 10−5 S cm−1，约为纯LZTP的1.5倍。总电导率增强的主要原因是晶界输运的增强。但与BO和LBO相比，LBF助烧剂对电导率有负面影响。LZTP-2wt%BO的锂对称电池具有900 h的长周期稳定性。该筛选策略可为其他lzp基陶瓷电解质助烧剂的选择提供参考和启示。

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引用次数: 0

3D analysis of abnormal grain growth in calcia doped alumina in the presence of large pores 钙掺杂氧化铝中存在大孔隙时异常晶粒生长的三维分析

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118173

Daniel P. DeLellis , Yi Wang , Vivekanand Muralikrishnan , Joel B. Harley , Michael R. Tonks , Amanda R. Krause

Abnormal grain growth has been previously found to increase with the inclusion of large pores (∼60 µm in diameter) in 80 ppm calcium doped alumina. However, the two-dimensional analysis could not accurately describe the proximity of the abnormal grains and pores to establish a correlation. This study uses laboratory-based diffraction contrast tomography and x-ray computed tomography to spatially map the pores and abnormal grains in 3D. A preference towards the formation of abnormal grains near large pores is found when compared to all potential sites. This finding supports that the pores may be a nucleation site for complexion transitions that promote abnormal grain growth. The growth of the abnormal grains in a subsequent heat treatment at 1600°C for 16 hrs was also studied. The elongation along the principal axes is similar for both small and large grains, again supporting that abnormal grain growth was facilitated by a complexion transition.

先前发现，在80 ppm的掺钙氧化铝中，随着大孔隙（直径约60 µm）的加入，异常晶粒生长会增加。然而，二维分析无法准确描述异常颗粒与孔隙的接近程度，无法建立相关性。本研究利用实验室衍射对比层析成像和x射线计算机层析成像技术对孔隙和异常颗粒进行三维空间映射。与所有可能的位置相比，发现在大孔隙附近倾向于形成异常晶粒。这一发现支持了孔隙可能是促进异常晶粒生长的肤色转变的成核部位。在随后的1600℃16小时热处理中，还研究了异常晶粒的生长情况。大晶粒和小晶粒沿主轴的延伸率相似，再次证明了肤色转变促进了晶粒的异常生长。

引用次数: 0

Tensile and low-cycle fatigue behaviors of a SiC/SiC composite at elevated temperatures in air SiC/SiC复合材料在高温空气中的拉伸和低周疲劳行为

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118154

R.T. Bhatt , D. Kiser

Isothermal tensile and low-cycle fatigue (LCF) tests were conducted on a two-dimensional 2D woven SiC-fiber-reinforced SiC-matrix (SiC/SiC) composite with Sylramic™-iBN SiC fibers at 1200, 1300, and 1400 °C in air. The composites were fabricated by polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP), which yielded a crystalline (SiC+Si₃N₄) matrix. The tension-tension LCF tests were performed with peak stresses ranging from 103 to 173 MPa at an R-ratio of 0.05 and a frequency of 0.333 Hz for up to 2.71 × 10⁵ runout cycles or failure. The specimens that survived runouts were tensile tested at the fatigue testing temperature, and the results were compared with the baseline in-plane tensile properties of as-fabricated composites. Prior fatigue testing caused reduction in both primary elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength. Fracture surfaces and cross-sectional microstructures of the specimens that failed during tensile and fatigue tests were analyzed to determine failure modes and damage mechanisms.

采用Sylramic™-iBN SiC纤维对二维二维编织SiC纤维增强SiC基（SiC/SiC）复合材料进行了等温拉伸和低周疲劳（LCF）测试，测试温度分别为1200、1300和1400℃。采用聚合物浸渍热解（PIP）法制备复合材料，得到结晶型（SiC+Si3N4）基体。在峰值应力范围为103 ~ 173 MPa， r比为0.05，频率为0.333 Hz的条件下，进行了张力-张力LCF试验，最高可达2.71 × 105个跳动周期或失效。在疲劳试验温度下，对失效后的试样进行拉伸试验，并将试验结果与原位复合材料的平面内拉伸性能基线进行比较。先前的疲劳试验导致了初级弹性模量和极限抗拉强度的降低。在拉伸和疲劳试验中，对失效试样的断口表面和断面显微组织进行了分析，以确定失效模式和损伤机制。

引用次数: 0

Hybrid direct ink writing of silicone-based emulsions for advanced Biosilicate® scaffolds 用于高级生物硅酸盐支架的硅基乳液的混合直接墨水书写

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118105

Valeria Diamanti, Hamada Elsayed, Enrico Bernardo

Preceramic polymer emulsions have recently shown great potential in the production of ceramics featuring a glassy matrix owing to their ability to achieve a high degree of homogenization of fillers, here introduced as aqueous solutions. The present study seeks to extend this strategy to the class of glass-ceramic materials, specifically targeting the Biosilicate® composition. Silicone blends are successfully developed and combined with Direct Ink Writing and thermal treatment in air to fabricate highly porous biosilicate-like scaﬀolds (up to 94 % total porosity) with outstanding strength-to-density ratios. Firing under nitrogen atmosphere is also explored focusing on its effects on the crystalline phase assemblage, morphology, and physical properties of the scaﬀolds. Lastly, two post-processing strategies, involving bioresin coating and infiltration respectively, are investigated to mechanically reinforce the air-synthesized polymer-derived scaffolds.

预陶瓷聚合物乳液最近在生产具有玻璃基体的陶瓷方面显示出巨大的潜力，因为它们能够实现填料的高度均匀化，这里以水溶液的形式介绍。目前的研究旨在将这一策略扩展到玻璃陶瓷材料的类别，特别是针对生物硅酸盐®组成。硅胶混合物被成功地开发出来，并与直接墨水书写和空气热处理相结合，制造出高孔隙度的生物硅酸盐状支架（高达94% %的总孔隙率），具有出色的强度密度比。此外，还探讨了在氮气气氛下烧制对支架的结晶相组合、形态和物理性能的影响。最后，研究了两种后处理策略，分别涉及生物树脂涂层和渗透，以机械强化空气合成聚合物衍生支架。

引用次数: 0

Engineering phase distribution in LSCF-CGO cathodes for enhanced electrochemical performance in SOFCs 提高sofc电化学性能的LSCF-CGO阴极的工程相分布

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118111

Lucía dos Santos-Gómez , Abraham Sánchez-Caballero , José Manuel Porras-Vázquez , Javier Zamudio-García , Enrique R. Losilla , David Marrero-López

Composite cathodes combining a mixed ionic–electronic conductor with an oxygen-ion conductor are key for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), as they increase the electrochemically active area and mitigate thermal expansion mismatch with the electrolyte. However, conventional fabrication methods, such as simple powder mixing, often yield inhomogeneous phase distributions and involve multiple processing steps that hinder scalability. In this work, La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-δ (LSCF) - Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_1.95 (CGO) composite cathodes are prepared by different routes, including conventional powder mixing, LSCF powders coated with CGO nanoparticles, CGO powders coated with LSCF nanoparticles and a co-synthetized nanocomposite obtained from a single precursor solution via the freeze-drying method. The electrodes are systematically characterized to correlate phase distribution and microstructure with electrochemical performance. The co-synthesized nanocomposite exhibits a significantly reduced particle size of 20 nm at 800 ºC, resulting in a polarization resistance of 0.08 Ω·cm² at 700 ºC, compared to 0.22 Ω·cm² for the powder-mixed electrode. Correspondingly, the power density of the cell employing the nanosized LSCF–CGO cathode increased by 37 % compared to the conventional electrode. These results demonstrate that freeze-drying provides a simple, scalable and effective synthesis route for high-performance LSCF–CGO nanocomposite cathodes, offering significant advantages over conventional preparation methods for IT-SOFC applications.

结合混合离子-电子导体和氧离子导体的复合阴极是中温固体氧化物燃料电池（it - sofc）的关键，因为它们增加了电化学活性区域，减轻了与电解质的热膨胀不匹配。然而，传统的制造方法，如简单的粉末混合，往往产生不均匀的相分布，并涉及多个加工步骤，阻碍了可扩展性。本文采用常规粉末混合、包覆CGO纳米粒子的LSCF粉末、包覆LSCF纳米粒子的CGO粉末和冷冻干燥法制备了La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) - Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 （CGO）复合阴极。系统地表征了电极的相分布和微观结构与电化学性能的关系。在800ºC时，共合成的纳米复合材料的粒径明显减小到20 nm，在700ºC时极化电阻为0.08 Ω·cm2，而粉末混合电极的极化电阻为0.22 Ω·cm2。与传统电极相比，采用纳米级LSCF-CGO阴极的电池的功率密度增加了37% %。这些结果表明，冷冻干燥为高性能LSCF-CGO纳米复合阴极提供了一种简单、可扩展和有效的合成途径，与传统的制备方法相比，在IT-SOFC应用中具有显著的优势。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication, characterization, and magneto-optical performance of Ce-doped (CexTb0.94-xLu0.06)2O3 magneto-optical transparent ceramics for high-performance optical isolators 高性能光隔离器用掺铈（CexTb0.94-xLu0.06）2O3磁光透明陶瓷的制备、表征和磁光性能

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of The European Ceramic Society

Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118106

Yaozhi Wang , Bingchu Mei , Weiwei Li , Hao Wu , Jian Chen , Tao Xu , Jie Li , Wei Jing

Transparent (Ce_xTb_0.94-xLu_0.06)₂O₃ magneto-optical ceramics were fabricated via sintering in a 5 % H2-Ar reducing atmosphere followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The Ce³ ⁺ doping concentration significantly affects the crystal structure, microstructure, and magneto-optical properties of the ceramics after HIP treatment. The average grain size ranges from ∼1–2 μm and increases with higher Ce^3 + content. The optimized ceramics exhibit high optical transmittance (78 % at 1064 nm) and excellent optical homogeneity (PV = 246.5 nm, RWS = 26.9 nm) in the near-infrared region. Ce³⁺ co-doping effectively narrows the bandgap energy, thereby enhancing the electron transition probability. Notably, when x = 0.02, the Verdet constant at 633 nm reaches 420.94 rad/(T·m), which is over 3 times higher than that of terbium gallium garnet (TGG) single crystals.

采用5 % H2-Ar还原气氛烧结，热等静压（HIP）法制备透明（CexTb0.94-xLu0.06）2O3磁光陶瓷。Ce³ +掺杂浓度显著影响HIP处理后陶瓷的晶体结构、微观结构和磁光性能。平均晶粒尺寸为~ 1 ~ 2 μm，随Ce3 +含量的增加而增大。优化后的陶瓷在1064 nm处具有较高的透光率（78 %）和良好的近红外均匀性（PV = 246.5 nm, RWS = 26.9 nm）。Ce3+共掺杂有效地缩小了带隙能量，从而提高了电子跃迁概率。值得注意的是，当x = 0.02时，633 nm处的Verdet常数达到420.94 rad/(T·m)，比铽镓石榴石（TGG）单晶高出3倍以上。

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