Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118086
Mohammad Mehdi Khorramirad , Amir Hossein Mehri , Omid Mirzaee , Radovan Bures
This study demonstrates a transformative microwave hybrid heating (MHH) approach for ultra-fast synthesis of phase-pure LaMgAl11O19. Achieving complete reaction in just 4 min represents a 99 % reduction compared to conventional 6-h methods. Using stoichiometric precursors, MHH (900 W, 2.45 GHz) enabled extreme heating rates (∼1600 °C/min) to 1535 °C. XRD confirmed pure-phase formation, with α-Al2O3 eliminated after 4 min. MHH exhibited superior properties compared with conventional processing: 28 % higher density (3.019 vs. 2.346 g/cm³), 43 % greater hardness (262 vs. 183 HV), and 11.5 % lower porosity. Crystallite size varied with microwave exposure time (31.5–41.8 nm), demonstrating microstructural control. Despite differences in crystallographic texture, MHH-processed samples exhibited enhanced performance. This protocol achieves complete thermal cycles in < 40 min, offering exceptional time-energy efficiency for industrial applications like thermal barrier coatings and catalytic supports where rapid processing is crucial.
{"title":"Ultra-fast microwave hybrid synthesis of lanthanum magnesium hexaaluminate (LaMgAl11O19)","authors":"Mohammad Mehdi Khorramirad , Amir Hossein Mehri , Omid Mirzaee , Radovan Bures","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study demonstrates a transformative microwave hybrid heating (MHH) approach for ultra-fast synthesis of phase-pure LaMgAl<sub>11</sub>O<sub>19</sub>. Achieving complete reaction in just 4 min represents a 99 % reduction compared to conventional 6-h methods. Using stoichiometric precursors, MHH (900 W, 2.45 GHz) enabled extreme heating rates (∼1600 °C/min) to 1535 °C. XRD confirmed pure-phase formation, with α-Al2O3 eliminated after 4 min. MHH exhibited superior properties compared with conventional processing: 28 % higher density (3.019 vs. 2.346 g/cm³), 43 % greater hardness (262 vs. 183 HV), and 11.5 % lower porosity. Crystallite size varied with microwave exposure time (31.5–41.8 nm), demonstrating microstructural control. Despite differences in crystallographic texture, MHH-processed samples exhibited enhanced performance. This protocol achieves complete thermal cycles in < 40 min, offering exceptional time-energy efficiency for industrial applications like thermal barrier coatings and catalytic supports where rapid processing is crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118086"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118087
Felix Lindner , Susanne Wüstner , Lukas Wagner , Georg Puchas , Stefan Schafföner
In this paper, the compatibility of different mullite-based matrix compositions for the fabrication of all-oxide ceramic matrix composites (Ox/Ox) was assessed by applying the He-Hutchinson model. Investigated factors were the mullite type, the particle size and the fine fraction. The tests were conducted on monolithic bending specimens which were fabricated by slip casting. The choice of mullite powder and its particle size had the most significant effect on the fracture energy and the Young´s modulus of the samples. For a reliable prediction of the composite failure behavior, the sample shrinkage had to be considered. Ox/Ox were fabricated to validate the predictions derived from the monolithic tests. The results were in excellent agreement with the predicted expectations for the composite failure behavior. Hence, the procedure applied in this work provided a straightforward approach to identify matrix compositions for Ox/Ox composite with highly promising properties.
{"title":"Mullite matrix selection for all-oxide ceramic matrix composites based on monolithic crack energy assessment","authors":"Felix Lindner , Susanne Wüstner , Lukas Wagner , Georg Puchas , Stefan Schafföner","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the compatibility of different mullite-based matrix compositions for the fabrication of all-oxide ceramic matrix composites (Ox/Ox) was assessed by applying the He-Hutchinson model. Investigated factors were the mullite type, the particle size and the fine fraction. The tests were conducted on monolithic bending specimens which were fabricated by slip casting. The choice of mullite powder and its particle size had the most significant effect on the fracture energy and the Young´s modulus of the samples. For a reliable prediction of the composite failure behavior, the sample shrinkage had to be considered. Ox/Ox were fabricated to validate the predictions derived from the monolithic tests. The results were in excellent agreement with the predicted expectations for the composite failure behavior. Hence, the procedure applied in this work provided a straightforward approach to identify matrix compositions for Ox/Ox composite with highly promising properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118087"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118085
Shobana kothandam , Naveensubramaniam Vijayakumar , M Samuel Collin , Raveena Ann Alex , Jayanthi Abraham , Saktis Waren , Milisha Koh Magesvaran , Krishnamurithy Genasan , Sasikumar Swamiappan
Bioactive silicates have garnered significant attention for biomedical applications owing to their vital role in bone tissue regeneration. However, silicate ceramics such as akermanite often exhibit limited interfacial bonding with host tissues due to a low rate of apatite deposition in physiological environments. The present study aimed to overcome these limitations and promote akermanite as an improved bone substitute. In this work, akermanite and larnite (AK-LA) derived from biowaste were combined into a ceramic/ceramic composite using the solid-state method to enhance the hydroxyapatite (HAp) nucleation ability of akermanite. The XRD confirmed the phase purity, and FT-IR analysis identified the functional groups. Manual grinding was used to prepare composites of biowaste-derived akermanite and larnite in ratios of 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40, respectively. Atomic Absorption Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) verified that the biowaste precursors were free from toxic heavy metals; only trace levels of non-toxic metals were detected, which were well within the permissible limits defined by ISO standards. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis revealed average particle sizes of 3691 nm (AK-LA1), 2816 nm (AK-LA2), and 2547 nm (AK-LA3), indicating low-micron-sized particles. The decrease in particle size with increasing akermanite content suggests composition-dependent grain growth, where smaller particles provide greater surface area and facilitate ion exchange and HAp formation during simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion. Bioactivity studies exhibited excellent HAp deposition within nine days of SBF immersion. Among the composites, AK-LA3 (60:40) showed improved bioactivity, controlled degradation, and superior mechanical strength of 202 MPa. The composite demonstrated pronounced antibacterial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus, along with antifungal efficacy against Aspergillus niger, highlighting its ability to prevent implant-related infections. The biocompatibility assessment revealed that AK-LA2 exhibited the highest hAD-MSCs viability (78 %) due to its optimal balance of bioactive ions and surface properties. These results emphasise that the akermanite-to-larnite ratio critically influences both the mechanical and biological behaviour, with AK-LA2 displaying superior biocompatibility, and overall potential for bone tissue engineering and orthopaedic applications.
{"title":"Preparation of biowaste derived multifunctional akermanite/larnite composite biomaterial for orthopaedic applications","authors":"Shobana kothandam , Naveensubramaniam Vijayakumar , M Samuel Collin , Raveena Ann Alex , Jayanthi Abraham , Saktis Waren , Milisha Koh Magesvaran , Krishnamurithy Genasan , Sasikumar Swamiappan","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioactive silicates have garnered significant attention for biomedical applications owing to their vital role in bone tissue regeneration. However, silicate ceramics such as akermanite often exhibit limited interfacial bonding with host tissues due to a low rate of apatite deposition in physiological environments. The present study aimed to overcome these limitations and promote akermanite as an improved bone substitute. In this work, akermanite and larnite (AK-LA) derived from biowaste were combined into a ceramic/ceramic composite using the solid-state method to enhance the hydroxyapatite (HAp) nucleation ability of akermanite. The XRD confirmed the phase purity, and FT-IR analysis identified the functional groups. Manual grinding was used to prepare composites of biowaste-derived akermanite and larnite in ratios of 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40, respectively. Atomic Absorption Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) verified that the biowaste precursors were free from toxic heavy metals; only trace levels of non-toxic metals were detected, which were well within the permissible limits defined by ISO standards. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis revealed average particle sizes of 3691 nm (AK-LA1), 2816 nm (AK-LA2), and 2547 nm (AK-LA3), indicating low-micron-sized particles. The decrease in particle size with increasing akermanite content suggests composition-dependent grain growth, where smaller particles provide greater surface area and facilitate ion exchange and HAp formation during simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion. Bioactivity studies exhibited excellent HAp deposition within nine days of SBF immersion. Among the composites, AK-LA3 (60:40) showed improved bioactivity, controlled degradation, and superior mechanical strength of 202 MPa. The composite demonstrated pronounced antibacterial activity against <em>E. coli</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, <em>S. epidermidis</em>, and <em>S. aureus</em>, along with antifungal efficacy against <em>Aspergillus niger</em>, highlighting its ability to prevent implant-related infections. The biocompatibility assessment revealed that AK-LA2 exhibited the highest <em>hAD-MSCs</em> viability (78 %) due to its optimal balance of bioactive ions and surface properties. These results emphasise that the akermanite-to-larnite ratio critically influences both the mechanical and biological behaviour, with AK-LA2 displaying superior biocompatibility, and overall potential for bone tissue engineering and orthopaedic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118084
Hu Liu , Yana Wang , Jiupeng Song , Tianshan Li , Longbiao Li , Yingjun Ai , Jinhua Yang , Jian Jiao
In this paper, the in-situ single-shear mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of single-bolted SiC/SiC and 45# steel plate joint structures have been investigated using the digital image correlation (DIC). Eight groups of joint structures for different hole end distances (i.e., 6, 10 and 14 mm) and numbers of insert plies (i.e., 0, 4, and 8 plies) were adopted for the single-shear tensile tests. The axial and transverse strains and the deformation along the thickness direction were monitored using the DIC method during the single-shear loading processes. Effects of hole end distance and number of insert plies on the single-shear fracture loads, damage mechanisms and failure modes of three different joint structures were discussed. When the hole end distance is small, the compressive capacity at the top is insufficient, leading to the preferential initiation of damage in that region. In contrast, when the hole end distance is larger, the compressive strength at the top surpasses the tensile strength at the hole edges, resulting in damage primarily characterized by bending and fracture on both sides of the hole. For joint structures without insert plies, the fracture strength increases as the hole end distance increases from 6 to 14 mm. For joint structures with 4 insert plies, the fracture strength increases from 6 to 10 mm and subsequently decreases to 14 mm. For joint structures with 8 insert plies, the fracture strength decreases consistently as the hole end distance increases from 6 to 14 mm. Relationships between the hole end distance, number of insert plies, damage mechanisms and failure modes of single-bolted SiC/SiC joint structures were established.
{"title":"In-situ single-shear mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of single-bolted SiC/SiC joint composite structures via digital image correlation","authors":"Hu Liu , Yana Wang , Jiupeng Song , Tianshan Li , Longbiao Li , Yingjun Ai , Jinhua Yang , Jian Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the <em>in-situ</em> single-shear mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of single-bolted SiC/SiC and 45# steel plate joint structures have been investigated using the digital image correlation (DIC). Eight groups of joint structures for different hole end distances (i.e., 6, 10 and 14 mm) and numbers of insert plies (i.e., 0, 4, and 8 plies) were adopted for the single-shear tensile tests. The axial and transverse strains and the deformation along the thickness direction were monitored using the DIC method during the single-shear loading processes. Effects of hole end distance and number of insert plies on the single-shear fracture loads, damage mechanisms and failure modes of three different joint structures were discussed. When the hole end distance is small, the compressive capacity at the top is insufficient, leading to the preferential initiation of damage in that region. In contrast, when the hole end distance is larger, the compressive strength at the top surpasses the tensile strength at the hole edges, resulting in damage primarily characterized by bending and fracture on both sides of the hole. For joint structures without insert plies, the fracture strength increases as the hole end distance increases from 6 to 14 mm. For joint structures with 4 insert plies, the fracture strength increases from 6 to 10 mm and subsequently decreases to 14 mm. For joint structures with 8 insert plies, the fracture strength decreases consistently as the hole end distance increases from 6 to 14 mm. Relationships between the hole end distance, number of insert plies, damage mechanisms and failure modes of single-bolted SiC/SiC joint structures were established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118084"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A series of high-entropy pyrochlore ceramics (#HENbxCe0.1) was synthesized via solid-state reaction to investigate the influence of multivalent cation incorporation on structural and chemical stability. Variation in Nb content induced lattice distortion and modulated the order–disorder transition within the pyrochlore structure. The synergistic effect of these microstructural changes enhanced chemical durability. Seven-day Product Consistency Tests showed that the composition with Nb content of 0.175 exhibited extremely low normalized release rates of Ce and Nd, at 3.3 × 10⁻9 and 3.2 × 10⁻8 g·m⁻2·d⁻1, respectively, indicating excellent aqueous stability. These results highlight the critical role of compositional tuning in controlling microstructural evolution and chemical stability. This work provides a promising approach to designing chemically robust high-entropy pyrochlore ceramics for the durable immobilization of multivalent radionuclides in molten salt waste.
{"title":"High-entropy pyrochlore ceramics: Enhanced stability and multivalent radionuclide immobilization for spent molten salt from dry reprocessing","authors":"Kui Zhang , Menghan Jiang , Xueyang Liu , Zhenghua Qian , Qiang Zhang , Xilei Duan , Guanyu Zhu , Yanbo Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of high-entropy pyrochlore ceramics (#HENb<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>0.1</sub>) was synthesized via solid-state reaction to investigate the influence of multivalent cation incorporation on structural and chemical stability. Variation in Nb content induced lattice distortion and modulated the order–disorder transition within the pyrochlore structure. The synergistic effect of these microstructural changes enhanced chemical durability. Seven-day Product Consistency Tests showed that the composition with Nb content of 0.175 exhibited extremely low normalized release rates of Ce and Nd, at 3.3 × 10⁻<sup>9</sup> and 3.2 × 10⁻<sup>8</sup> g·m⁻<sup>2</sup>·d⁻<sup>1</sup>, respectively, indicating excellent aqueous stability. These results highlight the critical role of compositional tuning in controlling microstructural evolution and chemical stability. This work provides a promising approach to designing chemically robust high-entropy pyrochlore ceramics for the durable immobilization of multivalent radionuclides in molten salt waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118083"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118082
Shuoshuo Qu , Luyao Li , Yuying Yang , Yang Sun , Shengyang Pang , Guoqiang Yin , Zhe Li , Xinbo Xu , Peng Yao
Carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites (C/SiC) are widely used in extreme service environments due to their excellent mechanical and thermal properties. However, their high hardness, brittleness, and anisotropy pose significant challenges to conventional machining, often resulting in high grinding forces, poor surface quality, and severe damage. To improve their machinability, this study proposes a laser preablation-assisted grinding (LPAAG) method, in which laser pretreatment is employed to reduce the surface hardness of the material and thereby enhance subsequent grinding performance. The results show that, compared to untreated specimens, the LPAAG process reduced the maximum grinding force by up to 50.9 %, lowered surface roughness by approximately 33.3 %, and significantly suppressed defects such as interfacial debonding and fiber fracture. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) produced by laser ablation promoted a transition in the material removal mode from brittle fracture to near-ductile removal, thereby effectively improving the machining quality and stability of C/SiC.
{"title":"Surface roughness and damage evaluation of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composites after laser ablation treatment and subsequent grinding","authors":"Shuoshuo Qu , Luyao Li , Yuying Yang , Yang Sun , Shengyang Pang , Guoqiang Yin , Zhe Li , Xinbo Xu , Peng Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites (C/SiC) are widely used in extreme service environments due to their excellent mechanical and thermal properties. However, their high hardness, brittleness, and anisotropy pose significant challenges to conventional machining, often resulting in high grinding forces, poor surface quality, and severe damage. To improve their machinability, this study proposes a laser preablation-assisted grinding (LPAAG) method, in which laser pretreatment is employed to reduce the surface hardness of the material and thereby enhance subsequent grinding performance. The results show that, compared to untreated specimens, the LPAAG process reduced the maximum grinding force by up to 50.9 %, lowered surface roughness by approximately 33.3 %, and significantly suppressed defects such as interfacial debonding and fiber fracture. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) produced by laser ablation promoted a transition in the material removal mode from brittle fracture to near-ductile removal, thereby effectively improving the machining quality and stability of C/SiC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118082"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118080
Santan Dang , Xuqing Zhang , Yuanhao Wang , Qizhen Chai , Zhanhui Peng , Di Wu , Pengfei Liang , Lingling Wei , Xiaolian Chao , Zupei Yang
Breaking the polarization-breakdown strength paradox is the key to achieving high energy storage performance in lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics. In this study, we propose a composition optimization strategy to break down the long-range ferroelectric polarity in the BiFeO3 system. For (0.55-x)BiFeO3-0.45SrTiO3-xNaNb0.85Ta0.15O3 (abbreviated as BF-ST-xNNT) lead-free ceramics, the electrical resistance and homogeneity are improved, effectively improving the breakdown durability. Simultaneously, the novel ternary ceramics changed the highest polarizability per unit volume to relaxor rather than ferroelectric. As a result, an ultra-high energy storage efficiency of 92 % and a recoverable energy storage density of 4.5 J/cm3 are realized at a moderate electric field. Together with brilliant energy storage density stability in a wide frequency/temperature range. This study not only presents a lead-free energy storage ceramic exhibiting excellent overall performance for application in high-capacity ceramic capacitors, but also proposes a novel approach for achieving BF-based and related materials with stable performance.
{"title":"Outstanding comprehensive energy storage performance in lead-free BiFeO3-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics over a wide temperature range","authors":"Santan Dang , Xuqing Zhang , Yuanhao Wang , Qizhen Chai , Zhanhui Peng , Di Wu , Pengfei Liang , Lingling Wei , Xiaolian Chao , Zupei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breaking the polarization-breakdown strength paradox is the key to achieving high energy storage performance in lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics. In this study, we propose a composition optimization strategy to break down the long-range ferroelectric polarity in the BiFeO<sub>3</sub> system. For (0.55-<em>x</em>)BiFeO<sub>3</sub>-0.45SrTiO<sub>3</sub>-<em>x</em>NaNb<sub>0.85</sub>Ta<sub>0.15</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (abbreviated as BF-ST-<em>x</em>NNT) lead-free ceramics, the electrical resistance and homogeneity are improved, effectively improving the breakdown durability. Simultaneously, the novel ternary ceramics changed the highest polarizability per unit volume to relaxor rather than ferroelectric. As a result, an ultra-high energy storage efficiency of 92 % and a recoverable energy storage density of 4.5 J/cm<sup>3</sup> are realized at a moderate electric field. Together with brilliant energy storage density stability in a wide frequency/temperature range. This study not only presents a lead-free energy storage ceramic exhibiting excellent overall performance for application in high-capacity ceramic capacitors, but also proposes a novel approach for achieving BF-based and related materials with stable performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118080"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118074
Yi Han Ding , Lei Li , Xiang Ming Chen
(Hf1-xSnx)0.9Ti0.1O2 ceramics were synthesized using a standard solid-state reaction process, and the microwave dielectric characteristics were investigated together with the structure evolution. The structure changed from Hf0.77Sn0.23O2 (orthorhombic, x = 0.3) to Sn0.9Ti0.1O2 (tetragonal, x = 0.75). With Sn-substitution, the dielectric constant εr decreased gradually, and the highest Qf value was achieved at x = 0.3:εr = 20.3, Qf = 91,790 GHz at 8.9 GHz and τf = -50 ppm/°C. The negative τf was compensated to near-zero by the formation of Sn0.9Ti0.1O2 secondary phase and affected by the restoring forces of structure in the Sn0.9Ti0.1O2 single-phase region. The best combination of microwave dielectric characteristics was achieved at x = 0.75: εr = 15.5, Qf = 64,770 GHz at 9.7 GHz and τf = 5 ppm/°C. The present ceramics with near-zero τf, low εr, and high Qf could be expected as the promising candidates of the microwave dielectric ceramics.
{"title":"Structure evolution and microwave dielectric characteristics of (Hf1-xSnx)0.9Ti0.1O2 ceramics","authors":"Yi Han Ding , Lei Li , Xiang Ming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>(Hf<sub>1-<em>x</em></sub>Sn<sub><em>x</em></sub>)<sub>0.9</sub>Ti<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> ceramics were synthesized using a standard solid-state reaction process, and the microwave dielectric characteristics were investigated together with the structure evolution. The structure changed from Hf<sub>0.77</sub>Sn<sub>0.23</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (orthorhombic, <em>x</em> = 0.3) to Sn<sub>0.9</sub>Ti<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (tetragonal, <em>x</em> = 0.75). With Sn-substitution, the dielectric constant <em>ε</em><sub>r</sub> decreased gradually, and the highest <em>Qf</em> value was achieved at <em>x</em> = 0.3:<em>ε</em><sub>r</sub> = 20.3, <em>Qf</em> = 91,790 GHz at 8.9 GHz and <em>τ</em><sub><em>f</em></sub> = -50 ppm/°C. The negative <em>τ</em><sub><em>f</em></sub> was compensated to near-zero by the formation of Sn<sub>0.9</sub>Ti<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> secondary phase and affected by the restoring forces of structure in the Sn<sub>0.9</sub>Ti<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> single-phase region. The best combination of microwave dielectric characteristics was achieved at <em>x</em> = 0.75: <em>ε</em><sub>r</sub> = 15.5, <em>Qf</em> = 64,770 GHz at 9.7 GHz and <em>τ</em><sub><em>f</em></sub> = 5 ppm/°C. The present ceramics with near-zero <em>τ</em><sub><em>f</em></sub>, low <em>ε</em><sub>r</sub>, and high <em>Qf</em> could be expected as the promising candidates of the microwave dielectric ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118074"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118076
M.D. Nguyen , T.V. Vu , T.H. Ho , H.D. Tong , G. Rijnders
The film microstructure, ferroelectric properties, breakdown strength and energy-storage performance of lead-free Aurivillius-phase Bi4Ti3O12 (BiTO) films were systematically investigated by adjusting the oxygen pressure during pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that all BiTO films exhibited c-axis orientation. Notably, the BiTO film deposited at a moderate oxygen pressure of 0.08 mbar achieved the highest recoverable energy-storage density of 143.6 J/cm3, along with an excellent energy efficiency of 90.1 %. These results are attributed to a slim polarization loop, high maximum polarization, and a relatively high breakdown strength. In addition, the optimized BiTO film demonstrated an outstanding thermal stability up to 200 °C and superior fatigue endurance of up to 1010 cycles. These achievements provide an effective strategy for developing dielectric capacitors for high-performance energy-storage devices operating at elevated temperatures.
{"title":"Controlling the crystallinity of Aurivillius Bi4Ti3O12 films for energy storage applications","authors":"M.D. Nguyen , T.V. Vu , T.H. Ho , H.D. Tong , G. Rijnders","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The film microstructure, ferroelectric properties, breakdown strength and energy-storage performance of lead-free Aurivillius-phase Bi<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (BiTO) films were systematically investigated by adjusting the oxygen pressure during pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that all BiTO films exhibited <em>c</em>-axis orientation. Notably, the BiTO film deposited at a moderate oxygen pressure of 0.08 mbar achieved the highest recoverable energy-storage density of 143.6 J/cm<sup>3</sup>, along with an excellent energy efficiency of 90.1 %. These results are attributed to a slim polarization loop, high maximum polarization, and a relatively high breakdown strength. In addition, the optimized BiTO film demonstrated an outstanding thermal stability up to 200 °C and superior fatigue endurance of up to 10<sup>10</sup> cycles. These achievements provide an effective strategy for developing dielectric capacitors for high-performance energy-storage devices operating at elevated temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118076"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118078
Xiangyu Xu , Wei Du , Xinwei Liu , Xu Zhou , Haitao Wu , Zhanbai Feng , Yuping Zhang
In this study, a novel low-permittivity Li2CuP2O7 pyrophosphate ceramic with a monoclinic structure (space group C2/c) was fabricated via solid-state reaction. The highest density was observed in Li2CuP2O7 ceramic at 750 °C, leading to optimal dielectric properties: εr = 4.81, Q×f = 65,826 GHz, and τf = −25.89 ppm/°C. Lattice vibration characteristics were investigated via Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy, while the optical bandgap was determined through UV-Vis spectroscopy. Electrical properties were examined, and the migration mechanism of ions within this structure was further investigated. The P-V-L theory and the atomistic modelling results are in mutual agreement, collectively elucidating the relationship between structure and performance. The terahertz frequency response was also evaluated. Finally, a 5G-compatible patch antenna was developed using Li2CuP2O7 ceramic, thereby validating its practical application potential in advanced communication systems.
{"title":"Bonding characteristics, electrical and microwave/terahertz dielectric properties of novel low-permittivity Li2CuP2O7 pyrophosphate ceramic for Sub-6G band applications","authors":"Xiangyu Xu , Wei Du , Xinwei Liu , Xu Zhou , Haitao Wu , Zhanbai Feng , Yuping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel low-permittivity Li<sub>2</sub>CuP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> pyrophosphate ceramic with a monoclinic structure (space group <em>C</em>2/<em>c</em>) was fabricated via solid-state reaction. The highest density was observed in Li<sub>2</sub>CuP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> ceramic at 750 °C, leading to optimal dielectric properties: <em>ε</em><sub><em>r</em></sub> = 4.81, <em>Q×f</em> = 65,826 GHz, and <em>τ</em><sub><em>f</em></sub> = −25.89 ppm/°C. Lattice vibration characteristics were investigated via Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy, while the optical bandgap was determined through UV-Vis spectroscopy. Electrical properties were examined, and the migration mechanism of ions within this structure was further investigated. The P-V-L theory and the atomistic modelling results are in mutual agreement, collectively elucidating the relationship between structure and performance. The terahertz frequency response was also evaluated. Finally, a 5G-compatible patch antenna was developed using Li<sub>2</sub>CuP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> ceramic, thereby validating its practical application potential in advanced communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 6","pages":"Article 118078"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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