Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118221
Xingyu Qi , Yuelong Ma , Yimo Zhao , Tao Pang , Shisheng Lin , Lili Lu , Guoxing Jiang , Dongbin Xue , Guilu Wang , Daqin Chen
Addressing thermal management and color quality challenges in solid-state lighting, this work pioneers a color-converter based on patterned phosphor-in-glass film (PiGF) sintered on a YAG:Ce transparent ceramic (TC). The composite alternating β-SiAlON:Eu and (Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu PiGF striped on YAG:Ce TC exhibited exceptional photothermal performance: thermal conductivity reached 8.32 W/(m·K) and only 11.6 % luminescence intensity loss at 150 °C. Under a 450 nm LD excitation with the laser spot size of 850 μm, beam expansion ratios were 24 % for the YAG:0.35 at%Ce, and 84.11 % for the green-red PiGF (2:1 ratio). Combined with a 60 W blue LED chip, the color-converter realized a nature-white-light emission with LF of 3705 lm, CCT of 3852 K, and CRI of 91, respectively. By combining the converter with a 12 W blue LD, the obtained LE, CRI and CCT were 163 lm/W, 90.1 and 5092 K, respectively. The composite shows great promise as a novel color-converter for high-power LED/LD lighting applications.
{"title":"Novel color converters for full-spectrum high-power LED/LD: Patterned phosphor in glass film – ceramic composite","authors":"Xingyu Qi , Yuelong Ma , Yimo Zhao , Tao Pang , Shisheng Lin , Lili Lu , Guoxing Jiang , Dongbin Xue , Guilu Wang , Daqin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing thermal management and color quality challenges in solid-state lighting, this work pioneers a color-converter based on patterned phosphor-in-glass film (PiGF) sintered on a YAG:Ce transparent ceramic (TC). The composite alternating β-SiAlON:Eu and (Sr,Ca)AlSiN<sub>3</sub>:Eu PiGF striped on YAG:Ce TC exhibited exceptional photothermal performance: thermal conductivity reached 8.32 W/(m·K) and only 11.6 % luminescence intensity loss at 150 °C. Under a 450 nm LD excitation with the laser spot size of 850 μm, beam expansion ratios were 24 % for the YAG:0.35 at%Ce, and 84.11 % for the green-red PiGF (2:1 ratio). Combined with a 60 W blue LED chip, the color-converter realized a nature-white-light emission with LF of 3705 lm, CCT of 3852 K, and CRI of 91, respectively. By combining the converter with a 12 W blue LD, the obtained LE, CRI and CCT were 163 lm/W, 90.1 and 5092 K, respectively. The composite shows great promise as a novel color-converter for high-power LED/LD lighting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118221"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118219
Shengwu Huang , Haidong Wu , Jinbiao Ye , Li He , Xin Deng , Shanghua Wu
A synergistic approach combining powder coating and thermal curing with binder jetting (BJ) was developed to fabricate high-performance alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ) ceramics with complex geometries. The coated powders were systematically characterized, and the effect of ball milling duration on their post-sintering microstructure and mechanical properties was evaluated. The results indicated that the ZrO2 powders were successfully coated with Al2O3, and milling for 18 h achieved the optimal densification and mechanical properties. Specifically, ATZ samples subjected to cold isostatic pressing (CIP) exhibited a relative density of 99.60 %, flexural strength of 1260 ± 61 MPa, hardness of 14.73 ± 0.35 GPa, and fracture toughness of 6.35 ± 0.15 MPa·m1/2, outperforming CIP ZrO2 ceramics. Furthermore, ATZ suspensions were fabricated and successfully solidified through thermal curing. After sintering, the thermally cured ATZ ceramics demonstrated a relative density of 98.05 % and a flexural strength of 946 ± 83 MPa.
{"title":"Gel-casting of high-performance alumina-toughened zirconia with complex geometries using binder-jetted molds","authors":"Shengwu Huang , Haidong Wu , Jinbiao Ye , Li He , Xin Deng , Shanghua Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A synergistic approach combining powder coating and thermal curing with binder jetting (BJ) was developed to fabricate high-performance alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ) ceramics with complex geometries. The coated powders were systematically characterized, and the effect of ball milling duration on their post-sintering microstructure and mechanical properties was evaluated. The results indicated that the ZrO<sub>2</sub> powders were successfully coated with Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and milling for 18 h achieved the optimal densification and mechanical properties. Specifically, ATZ samples subjected to cold isostatic pressing (CIP) exhibited a relative density of 99.60 %, flexural strength of 1260 ± 61 MPa, hardness of 14.73 ± 0.35 GPa, and fracture toughness of 6.35 ± 0.15 MPa·m<sup>1/2</sup>, outperforming CIP ZrO<sub>2</sub> ceramics. Furthermore, ATZ suspensions were fabricated and successfully solidified through thermal curing. After sintering, the thermally cured ATZ ceramics demonstrated a relative density of 98.05 % and a flexural strength of 946 ± 83 MPa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118219"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118218
Lu Sun , Ziyang Ma , Zhenfei Cai , Kai Li , Yuxin Lin , Qinyu Wu , Yanan Chen , Shimiao Chen , Junzhe Li , Muhammad Moin , Yangzhou Ma , Guangsheng Song
Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2 (Li-rich Mn-based layered oxide) exhibits a high theoretical specific capacity, high operating voltage, and low cost, making it a promising candidate for next-generation cathodes in high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. This study synthesized the cathode material coated with discontinuous ZrO2 nanoparticles via a co-precipitation method. Results demonstrate that the discontinuous ZrO2 nanoparticle coating significantly influences the electrochemical properties of Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2. The optimal electrochemical performance, achieved with a 1.0 wt% ZrO2 discontinuous coating, delivered an initial discharge capacity of 196mAh g−1 and a capacity of 170.5mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 C, corresponding to a high retention rate of 86.8 %. Furthermore, the discontinuous coating forms an intermittent protective layer while leaving substantial surface areas exposed. This morphology facilitates smoother and more numerous lithium-ion transport pathways, thereby maintaining high ionic conductivity and enhancing the cathode's electrochemical performance.
Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2（富锂锰基层状氧化物）具有理论比容量高、工作电压高、成本低的特点，是高能量密度锂离子电池下一代阴极的理想材料。本研究采用共沉淀法合成了不连续ZrO2纳米颗粒包覆的正极材料。结果表明，不连续的ZrO2纳米颗粒涂层对Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2的电化学性能有显著影响。在1.0 wt%的ZrO2不连续涂层中获得了最佳的电化学性能，在1 C下进行200次循环后，初始放电容量为196mAh g - 1，放电容量为170.5mAh g - 1，相应的保留率高达86.8% %。此外，不连续的涂层在留下大量暴露的表面区域的同时形成间歇性保护层。这种形态有利于更平滑和更多的锂离子传输路径，从而保持高离子电导率，提高阴极的电化学性能。
{"title":"Enhancing a high-energy Li-rich cathode for Li-ion batteries via discontinuous ZrO2 coating","authors":"Lu Sun , Ziyang Ma , Zhenfei Cai , Kai Li , Yuxin Lin , Qinyu Wu , Yanan Chen , Shimiao Chen , Junzhe Li , Muhammad Moin , Yangzhou Ma , Guangsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Li<sub>1.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.54</sub>Co<sub>0.13</sub>Ni<sub>0.13</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (Li-rich Mn-based layered oxide) exhibits a high theoretical specific capacity, high operating voltage, and low cost, making it a promising candidate for next-generation cathodes in high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. This study synthesized the cathode material coated with discontinuous ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles via a co-precipitation method. Results demonstrate that the discontinuous ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle coating significantly influences the electrochemical properties of Li<sub>1.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.54</sub>Co<sub>0.13</sub>Ni<sub>0.13</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The optimal electrochemical performance, achieved with a 1.0 wt% ZrO<sub>2</sub> discontinuous coating, delivered an initial discharge capacity of 196mAh g<sup>−1</sup> and a capacity of 170.5mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 200 cycles at 1 C, corresponding to a high retention rate of 86.8 %. Furthermore, the discontinuous coating forms an intermittent protective layer while leaving substantial surface areas exposed. This morphology facilitates smoother and more numerous lithium-ion transport pathways, thereby maintaining high ionic conductivity and enhancing the cathode's electrochemical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118218"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118214
Linhao Li , Yupeng Hao , Zhilun Lu , Ge Wang , Zhiling Hou
Bi2O3-based ceramics are promising functional materials for electrochemical devices. However, conventional high-temperature sintering (HTS) is energy intensive and can cause interfacial reactions or mechanical failure. In this work, pure Bi2O3 and Er-, Nb-, and Ba-doped compositions were fabricated via the cold sintering process (CSP) at 250 °C. All samples achieved relative densities above 90 %, with pure and Ba-doped ceramics approaching unity. Most compositions remained single-phase after CSP, whereas the Ba-doped ceramic showed slight phase segregation. Analysis of the FTIR and TG–DSC results revealed the CSP mechanism, in which bismuth acetate and oxyacetate form and assist the densification process. CSP ceramics exhibited high oxide ion or electronic conduction that was comparable to their HTS counterparts. The results confirm the feasibility of applying CSP to Bi2O3-based ceramics, paving the way for the fabrication of advanced composite materials and complex devices.
{"title":"Preservation of dopant induced high ionic conductivity in cold sintered Bi2O3 ceramic family","authors":"Linhao Li , Yupeng Hao , Zhilun Lu , Ge Wang , Zhiling Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based ceramics are promising functional materials for electrochemical devices. However, conventional high-temperature sintering (HTS) is energy intensive and can cause interfacial reactions or mechanical failure. In this work, pure Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Er-, Nb-, and Ba-doped compositions were fabricated via the cold sintering process (CSP) at 250 °C. All samples achieved relative densities above 90 %, with pure and Ba-doped ceramics approaching unity. Most compositions remained single-phase after CSP, whereas the Ba-doped ceramic showed slight phase segregation. Analysis of the FTIR and TG–DSC results revealed the CSP mechanism, in which bismuth acetate and oxyacetate form and assist the densification process. CSP ceramics exhibited high oxide ion or electronic conduction that was comparable to their HTS counterparts. The results confirm the feasibility of applying CSP to Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based ceramics, paving the way for the fabrication of advanced composite materials and complex devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118214"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, the influence of aliovalent doping with Al3 + and Ta5+ cations on the structure and thermal properties of La2Zr2O7 (LZO) was investigated and the solubility of Al3+ and Ta5+ in LZO separately and jointly was studied for the first time. The samples were synthesized by mechanochemical activation followed by sintering at 1200 °C and 1500 °C. It was established that doping maintains the pyrochlore-type structure (space group Fdm) within observed solubility limits (Al3+ up to x ≈ 0.12 and Ta5+ up to y ≈ 0.48). While the CTE of pure LZO increases with temperature (from 7.97 at 25°C to 11.50 ×10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹ at 1300°C), co-doping with Al3+ and Ta5+, specifically for the La1.96Al0.09Ta0.25Zr1.7O7.075 composition, resulted in a remarkably stable CTE (from 9.09 at 25°C to 9.82 ×10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹ at 1300°C) over a wide temperature range, a critical factor for thermal barrier coatings.
{"title":"Aliovalent doping of La2Zr2O7 with Al³ ⁺ and Ta⁵⁺ for CTE tuning","authors":"A.B. Kuznetsov , S.F. Solodovnikov , D. Sagatova , A.O. Klimov , P.A. Abramov , K.A. Kokh","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the influence of aliovalent doping with Al<sup>3 +</sup> and Ta<sup>5+</sup> cations on the structure and thermal properties of La<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (LZO) was investigated and the solubility of Al<sup>3+</sup> and Ta<sup>5+</sup> in LZO separately and jointly was studied for the first time. The samples were synthesized by mechanochemical activation followed by sintering at 1200 °C and 1500 °C. It was established that doping maintains the pyrochlore-type structure (space group <em>Fd</em> <span><math><mover><mn>3</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span><em>m</em>) within observed solubility limits (Al<sup>3+</sup> up to <em>x</em> ≈ 0.12 and Ta<sup>5+</sup> up to <em>y</em> ≈ 0.48). While the CTE of pure LZO increases with temperature (from 7.97 at 25°C to 11.50 ×10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹ at 1300°C), co-doping with Al<sup>3+</sup> and Ta<sup>5+</sup>, specifically for the La<sub>1.96</sub>Al<sub>0.09</sub>Ta<sub>0.25</sub>Zr<sub>1.7</sub>O<sub>7.075</sub> composition, resulted in a remarkably stable CTE (from 9.09 at 25°C to 9.82 ×10⁻⁶ °C⁻¹ at 1300°C) over a wide temperature range, a critical factor for thermal barrier coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118215"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118217
Yang Li , Yueming Li , Xintao Zhang , Xiujuan Chen , Li Tian , Jingjun Xu , Guorui Zhao
The durability of hypersonic structures is limited by catastrophic oxidation of conventional ultra-high temperature ceramics. Here, we investigate the oxidation of a novel high-entropy carbide, (5RE1/5)Al3C3, between 900 and 1300 °C, and reveal a multi-stage protection–failure mechanism that outperforms benchmark carbides. Oxidation begins with a transient amorphous RE–Al–C–O layer, which crystallizes into an ultra-dense nanocrystalline (5RE1/5)3Al5O12/Al2O3 scale, forming a robust diffusion barrier. Exceptional stability arises from a dual high-entropy effect: high configurational entropy in both the carbide and its oxide suppresses cation diffusion and arrests grain growth, maintaining protection up to 1200 °C. Even at 1300 °C, a dual-layer scale persists, with eventual linear-kinetic degradation governed by localized destabilization of the amorphous interlayer leading to microporosity, not catastrophic cracking. This work provides the first mechanistic evidence for dual high-entropy protection, establishing a new design principle for oxidation-resistant ceramics.
{"title":"Designing extreme-environment ceramics via a dual high-entropy protection strategy","authors":"Yang Li , Yueming Li , Xintao Zhang , Xiujuan Chen , Li Tian , Jingjun Xu , Guorui Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The durability of hypersonic structures is limited by catastrophic oxidation of conventional ultra-high temperature ceramics. Here, we investigate the oxidation of a novel high-entropy carbide, (5RE<sub>1/5</sub>)Al<sub>3</sub>C<sub>3</sub>, between 900 and 1300 °C, and reveal a multi-stage protection–failure mechanism that outperforms benchmark carbides. Oxidation begins with a transient amorphous RE–Al–C–O layer, which crystallizes into an ultra-dense nanocrystalline (5RE<sub>1/5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> scale, forming a robust diffusion barrier. Exceptional stability arises from a dual high-entropy effect: high configurational entropy in both the carbide and its oxide suppresses cation diffusion and arrests grain growth, maintaining protection up to 1200 °C. Even at 1300 °C, a dual-layer scale persists, with eventual linear-kinetic degradation governed by localized destabilization of the amorphous interlayer leading to microporosity, not catastrophic cracking. This work provides the first mechanistic evidence for dual high-entropy protection, establishing a new design principle for oxidation-resistant ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118217"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118213
Farid Rabiei Motmaen, Christian Brandl, Tesfaye Molla
Computational approaches based on the viscous theory of sintering can be used to optimise the densification of ceramic components with complex architectures. Their application, however, is limited by the lack of reliable models for macroscopic properties that account for the evolving microstructure, particularly changes in particle size distributions (PSDs). This study analyses samples with distinct PSDs to quantify their influence on macroscopic properties, including the effective sintering stress and viscosities. Underlying microstructural mechanisms are captured using a coupled solid-state sintering and grain growth model within the Discrete Element Method. Model predictions show good agreement with experimental data. The results reveal limitations in existing phenomenological models, especially for systems with specialised PSDs, showing discrepancies up to 100 %. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that tailoring PSDs, for example, using bi-modal systems, can reduce sintering time by 50 %. The study establishes a foundation for predictive modelling of ceramic sintering, enabling efficient process optimisation.
{"title":"The role of particle size distributions on the macroscopic properties of sintering bodies","authors":"Farid Rabiei Motmaen, Christian Brandl, Tesfaye Molla","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computational approaches based on the viscous theory of sintering can be used to optimise the densification of ceramic components with complex architectures. Their application, however, is limited by the lack of reliable models for macroscopic properties that account for the evolving microstructure, particularly changes in particle size distributions (PSDs). This study analyses samples with distinct PSDs to quantify their influence on macroscopic properties, including the effective sintering stress and viscosities. Underlying microstructural mechanisms are captured using a coupled solid-state sintering and grain growth model within the Discrete Element Method. Model predictions show good agreement with experimental data. The results reveal limitations in existing phenomenological models, especially for systems with specialised PSDs, showing discrepancies up to 100 %. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that tailoring PSDs, for example, using bi-modal systems, can reduce sintering time by 50 %. The study establishes a foundation for predictive modelling of ceramic sintering, enabling efficient process optimisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118213"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118216
Kyu-Seop Kim , Van Quyet Nguyen , Sea-Hoon Lee
This study evaluates the ablation resistance of hafnium-based ceramic composites for hybrid rocket nozzles under high-pressure and oxidizing conditions. Hafnium carbide (HfC) and hafnium diboride (HfB₂) form stable refractory oxide layers, offering excellent resistance to thermal and chemical degradation. High-purity HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC composites with fine microstructures were fabricated and tested in a 250 N-scale hybrid thruster using high-test peroxide (HTP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Nozzle inserts were exposed to a chamber pressure on the order of 30 bar for 25 s without active cooling, and cumulative testing up to 102 s was performed for HfB₂–SiC. Both HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC showed near-zero erosion, while graphite nozzle exhibited severe throat enlargement. Chamber pressure and specific impulse remained stable with the ceramic inserts but dropped significantly with the graphite nozzle. These results demonstrate that Hf-based composites maintain structural integrity and combustion performance under harsh conditions, making them promising candidates for reusable hybrid rocket systems.
{"title":"Advanced hafnium-based ceramic composites: Exceptional Survivability with near-zero ablation for hybrid rocket applications","authors":"Kyu-Seop Kim , Van Quyet Nguyen , Sea-Hoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the ablation resistance of hafnium-based ceramic composites for hybrid rocket nozzles under high-pressure and oxidizing conditions. Hafnium carbide (HfC) and hafnium diboride (HfB₂) form stable refractory oxide layers, offering excellent resistance to thermal and chemical degradation. High-purity HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC composites with fine microstructures were fabricated and tested in a 250 N-scale hybrid thruster using high-test peroxide (HTP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Nozzle inserts were exposed to a chamber pressure on the order of 30 bar for 25 s without active cooling, and cumulative testing up to 102 s was performed for HfB₂–SiC. Both HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC showed near-zero erosion, while graphite nozzle exhibited severe throat enlargement. Chamber pressure and specific impulse remained stable with the ceramic inserts but dropped significantly with the graphite nozzle. These results demonstrate that Hf-based composites maintain structural integrity and combustion performance under harsh conditions, making them promising candidates for reusable hybrid rocket systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118216"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118211
Jiawen Song , Haoran Wei , Zhengyuan Shen , Qiang Yang , Ling Xu , Jiahong Niu
In response to the demands for the intelligent thermal structure of aircraft, on-line health monitoring based on high-temperature resistance measurement of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) can effectively identify the damage state of CMCs. However, highly reliable interconnects between CMCs and metal electrodes remain a major challenge, requiring high temperature resistance, high interface strength and excellent electrical stability. High-performance interconnects were realized by the diffusion reaction of a novel hybrid solder (polysilazane and Ag-Cu-Ti) between Mo electrodes and Cf/SiC composites. Highly conductive and temperature resistant Ti(C,N) and (Ti,Mo)5Si3 were formed on the Cf/SiC and Mo electrode side respectively, and a mixed metal/ ceramic structure Ag(C)/Cu/Ti(C,N) were formed in the hybrid solder matrix. The high-performance interconnects exhibit high interface strength of 14.97–19.07 MPa. The resistance measurement can be conducted stably up to 1200 ℃ in an argon atmosphere and 825 ℃ in air with excellent resistance stability and repeatability.
{"title":"High-performance interconnects for high-temperature resistance measurement toward on-line health monitoring of Cf/SiC composites","authors":"Jiawen Song , Haoran Wei , Zhengyuan Shen , Qiang Yang , Ling Xu , Jiahong Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the demands for the intelligent thermal structure of aircraft, on-line health monitoring based on high-temperature resistance measurement of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) can effectively identify the damage state of CMCs. However, highly reliable interconnects between CMCs and metal electrodes remain a major challenge, requiring high temperature resistance, high interface strength and excellent electrical stability. High-performance interconnects were realized by the diffusion reaction of a novel hybrid solder (polysilazane and Ag-Cu-Ti) between Mo electrodes and C<sub>f</sub>/SiC composites. Highly conductive and temperature resistant Ti(C,N) and (Ti,Mo)<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub> were formed on the C<sub>f</sub>/SiC and Mo electrode side respectively, and a mixed metal/ ceramic structure Ag(C)/Cu/Ti(C,N) were formed in the hybrid solder matrix. The high-performance interconnects exhibit high interface strength of 14.97–19.07 MPa. The resistance measurement can be conducted stably up to 1200 ℃ in an argon atmosphere and 825 ℃ in air with excellent resistance stability and repeatability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118211"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118208
Xiongzhang Liu , Jiangtao Li , Binglian An , Chao Geng , Yuzhou Yang , Yan Jia
Achieving efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption remains a critical challenge for high-temperature EMW absorbing materials. Herein, TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic were fabricated by pressureless sintering at 1650 °C for 1 h. TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic metamaterial was further designed by patterning a conductive structure layer on the TiB2/MgAl2O4 dielectric. The results show that the EMW absorption of TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramics first improves and then deteriorates with increasing TiB2 content. At 28 wt% TiB2 content, the TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic avoids a rapid increase in high-temperature electrical conductivity and exhibits enhanced EMW absorption, with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of –50.05 dB at 300 °C, and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL<–5 dB) of 4.07 GHz at 700 °C. The TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic metamaterial achieves an EAB of 4.2 GHz from 25 to 700 °C, due to the synergistic effects of resonant, conductive, and polarization relaxation losses. These findings demonstrate a promising approach for developing high-temperature ceramic metamaterials.
{"title":"Design of TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic metamaterial with suitable high-temperature electrical conductivity for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption across a wide temperature range","authors":"Xiongzhang Liu , Jiangtao Li , Binglian An , Chao Geng , Yuzhou Yang , Yan Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption remains a critical challenge for high-temperature EMW absorbing materials. Herein, TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic were fabricated by pressureless sintering at 1650 °C for 1 h. TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic metamaterial was further designed by patterning a conductive structure layer on the TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> dielectric. The results show that the EMW absorption of TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramics first improves and then deteriorates with increasing TiB<sub>2</sub> content. At 28 wt% TiB<sub>2</sub> content, the TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic avoids a rapid increase in high-temperature electrical conductivity and exhibits enhanced EMW absorption, with a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of –50.05 dB at 300 °C, and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL<–5 dB) of 4.07 GHz at 700 °C. The TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic metamaterial achieves an EAB of 4.2 GHz from 25 to 700 °C, due to the synergistic effects of resonant, conductive, and polarization relaxation losses. These findings demonstrate a promising approach for developing high-temperature ceramic metamaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118208"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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