Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118182
Min-Soo Nam , Sahn Nahm , Seongwon Kim
Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) are essential for protecting SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composites from water vapor recession and calcia-magnesia-aluminosilicate (CMAS) corrosion in gas turbines. In this study, (YbxSc1−x)2Si2O7 solid solutions with varying Yb/Sc ratios are evaluated as CMAS-resistant EBC topcoat candidates. Five compositions are synthesized and tested at 1500 °C. Corrosion resistance improves as the optical basicity of the disilicate matches that of CMAS, minimizing chemical reactions and apatite formation; Sc-containing compositions exhibit the best performance. Increasing Sc content decreases the ionic radius and lattice parameters, further inhibiting Ca2+ –to–RE3+ substitution. Microstructural analysis shows Yb-rich samples retain surface CMAS, whereas Sc-rich samples experience rapid grain-boundary infiltration with less reaction. Thermophysical measurements confirm low, stable thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion compatibility with SiCf/SiC substrates. These results indicate that (YbxSc1−x)2Si2O7 solid solutions offer a balanced combination of CMAS corrosion resistance, thermal compatibility, and low thermal conductivity for robust EBCs.
{"title":"Reaction-controlled effects of (YbxSc1-x)2Si2O7 solid solution against molten calcia-magnesia-aluminosilicate (CMAS) corrosion for environmental barrier coating application","authors":"Min-Soo Nam , Sahn Nahm , Seongwon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) are essential for protecting SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC ceramic matrix composites from water vapor recession and calcia-magnesia-aluminosilicate (CMAS) corrosion in gas turbines. In this study, (Yb<sub>x</sub>Sc<sub>1−x</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> solid solutions with varying Yb/Sc ratios are evaluated as CMAS-resistant EBC topcoat candidates. Five compositions are synthesized and tested at 1500 °C. Corrosion resistance improves as the optical basicity of the disilicate matches that of CMAS, minimizing chemical reactions and apatite formation; Sc-containing compositions exhibit the best performance. Increasing Sc content decreases the ionic radius and lattice parameters, further inhibiting Ca<sup>2</sup><sup>+</sup> –to–RE<sup>3+</sup> substitution. Microstructural analysis shows Yb-rich samples retain surface CMAS, whereas Sc-rich samples experience rapid grain-boundary infiltration with less reaction. Thermophysical measurements confirm low, stable thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion compatibility with SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC substrates. These results indicate that (Yb<sub>x</sub>Sc<sub>1−x</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> solid solutions offer a balanced combination of CMAS corrosion resistance, thermal compatibility, and low thermal conductivity for robust EBCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118182"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118174
Haoyuan Li , Mohsen Asle Zaeem
This work investigates the role of oxygen vacancies at grain boundaries in governing the ferroelastic behavior of tetragonal prime yttria-stabilized zirconia (t’-YSZ). Using molecular dynamics simulations, ferroelastic domains are induced via quenching and subsequently subjected to mechanical deformation to assess the effects of oxygen vacancy concentration and spatial distribution on domain switching. A Buckingham interatomic potential is employed to capture both t’-YSZ phase formation and ferroelastic domain switching. The results reveal that oxygen vacancy accumulation inhibits domain formation and suppresses ferroelastic reorientation via pinning effects, particularly near grain boundaries. These findings show that grain boundaries act as major sites of oxygen vacancy accumulation, with their structural geometry controlling how vacancies redistribute under compression and tension, thereby directly shaping the ferroelastic switching behavior of t’-YSZ.
{"title":"Effect of oxygen vacancies at grain boundaries on ferroelastic behavior of yttria stabilized zirconia","authors":"Haoyuan Li , Mohsen Asle Zaeem","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates the role of oxygen vacancies at grain boundaries in governing the ferroelastic behavior of tetragonal prime yttria-stabilized zirconia (t’-YSZ). Using molecular dynamics simulations, ferroelastic domains are induced via quenching and subsequently subjected to mechanical deformation to assess the effects of oxygen vacancy concentration and spatial distribution on domain switching. A Buckingham interatomic potential is employed to capture both t’-YSZ phase formation and ferroelastic domain switching. The results reveal that oxygen vacancy accumulation inhibits domain formation and suppresses ferroelastic reorientation via pinning effects, particularly near grain boundaries. These findings show that grain boundaries act as major sites of oxygen vacancy accumulation, with their structural geometry controlling how vacancies redistribute under compression and tension, thereby directly shaping the ferroelastic switching behavior of t’-YSZ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118174"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118207
Min-Soo Nam , Jin-Kwon Kim , Sahn Nahm , Seongwon Kim
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) technology offers efficient and cleaner coal-based power generation but introduces corrosion challenges associated with high temperatures and molten slag. This study examines the corrosion behavior of ytterbium monosilicate (Yb₂SiO₅) and its composites containing 5 and 10 wt% Al₂O₃ under IGCC slag conditions. The addition of Al₂O₃ promotes the formation of garnet phases with higher thermal expansion, improving compatibility with the substrate. Samples exposed to molten slag were evaluated for microstructural evolution, thermal expansion, conductivity, and slag resistance. Yb₂SiO₅ exhibited high thermal stability and formed dense protective layers that limited slag infiltration. The composites enhanced thermal compatibility with carbon steel, increasing the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) to 9.8 × 10⁻⁶ and 10.9 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ , respectively. The formation of a protective Yb₂Si₂O₇ layer underscores the potential of ytterbium silicates as effective high-temperature coatings for IGCC applications.
{"title":"Corrosion resistance of Yb-silicate materials to molten slag for protective coating applications","authors":"Min-Soo Nam , Jin-Kwon Kim , Sahn Nahm , Seongwon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) technology offers efficient and cleaner coal-based power generation but introduces corrosion challenges associated with high temperatures and molten slag. This study examines the corrosion behavior of ytterbium monosilicate (Yb₂SiO₅) and its composites containing 5 and 10 wt% Al₂O₃ under IGCC slag conditions. The addition of Al₂O₃ promotes the formation of garnet phases with higher thermal expansion, improving compatibility with the substrate. Samples exposed to molten slag were evaluated for microstructural evolution, thermal expansion, conductivity, and slag resistance. Yb₂SiO₅ exhibited high thermal stability and formed dense protective layers that limited slag infiltration. The composites enhanced thermal compatibility with carbon steel, increasing the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) to 9.8 × 10⁻⁶ and 10.9 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ , respectively. The formation of a protective Yb₂Si₂O₇ layer underscores the potential of ytterbium silicates as effective high-temperature coatings for IGCC applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118207"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118217
Yang Li , Yueming Li , Xintao Zhang , Xiujuan Chen , Li Tian , Jingjun Xu , Guorui Zhao
The durability of hypersonic structures is limited by catastrophic oxidation of conventional ultra-high temperature ceramics. Here, we investigate the oxidation of a novel high-entropy carbide, (5RE1/5)Al3C3, between 900 and 1300 °C, and reveal a multi-stage protection–failure mechanism that outperforms benchmark carbides. Oxidation begins with a transient amorphous RE–Al–C–O layer, which crystallizes into an ultra-dense nanocrystalline (5RE1/5)3Al5O12/Al2O3 scale, forming a robust diffusion barrier. Exceptional stability arises from a dual high-entropy effect: high configurational entropy in both the carbide and its oxide suppresses cation diffusion and arrests grain growth, maintaining protection up to 1200 °C. Even at 1300 °C, a dual-layer scale persists, with eventual linear-kinetic degradation governed by localized destabilization of the amorphous interlayer leading to microporosity, not catastrophic cracking. This work provides the first mechanistic evidence for dual high-entropy protection, establishing a new design principle for oxidation-resistant ceramics.
{"title":"Designing extreme-environment ceramics via a dual high-entropy protection strategy","authors":"Yang Li , Yueming Li , Xintao Zhang , Xiujuan Chen , Li Tian , Jingjun Xu , Guorui Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The durability of hypersonic structures is limited by catastrophic oxidation of conventional ultra-high temperature ceramics. Here, we investigate the oxidation of a novel high-entropy carbide, (5RE<sub>1/5</sub>)Al<sub>3</sub>C<sub>3</sub>, between 900 and 1300 °C, and reveal a multi-stage protection–failure mechanism that outperforms benchmark carbides. Oxidation begins with a transient amorphous RE–Al–C–O layer, which crystallizes into an ultra-dense nanocrystalline (5RE<sub>1/5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> scale, forming a robust diffusion barrier. Exceptional stability arises from a dual high-entropy effect: high configurational entropy in both the carbide and its oxide suppresses cation diffusion and arrests grain growth, maintaining protection up to 1200 °C. Even at 1300 °C, a dual-layer scale persists, with eventual linear-kinetic degradation governed by localized destabilization of the amorphous interlayer leading to microporosity, not catastrophic cracking. This work provides the first mechanistic evidence for dual high-entropy protection, establishing a new design principle for oxidation-resistant ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118217"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118208
Xiongzhang Liu , Jiangtao Li , Binglian An , Chao Geng , Yuzhou Yang , Yan Jia
Achieving efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption remains a critical challenge for high-temperature EMW absorbing materials. Herein, TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic were fabricated by pressureless sintering at 1650 °C for 1 h. TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic metamaterial was further designed by patterning a conductive structure layer on the TiB2/MgAl2O4 dielectric. The results show that the EMW absorption of TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramics first improves and then deteriorates with increasing TiB2 content. At 28 wt% TiB2 content, the TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic avoids a rapid increase in high-temperature electrical conductivity and exhibits enhanced EMW absorption, with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of –50.05 dB at 300 °C, and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL<–5 dB) of 4.07 GHz at 700 °C. The TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic metamaterial achieves an EAB of 4.2 GHz from 25 to 700 °C, due to the synergistic effects of resonant, conductive, and polarization relaxation losses. These findings demonstrate a promising approach for developing high-temperature ceramic metamaterials.
{"title":"Design of TiB2/MgAl2O4 ceramic metamaterial with suitable high-temperature electrical conductivity for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption across a wide temperature range","authors":"Xiongzhang Liu , Jiangtao Li , Binglian An , Chao Geng , Yuzhou Yang , Yan Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption remains a critical challenge for high-temperature EMW absorbing materials. Herein, TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic were fabricated by pressureless sintering at 1650 °C for 1 h. TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic metamaterial was further designed by patterning a conductive structure layer on the TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> dielectric. The results show that the EMW absorption of TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramics first improves and then deteriorates with increasing TiB<sub>2</sub> content. At 28 wt% TiB<sub>2</sub> content, the TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic avoids a rapid increase in high-temperature electrical conductivity and exhibits enhanced EMW absorption, with a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of –50.05 dB at 300 °C, and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL<–5 dB) of 4.07 GHz at 700 °C. The TiB<sub>2</sub>/MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramic metamaterial achieves an EAB of 4.2 GHz from 25 to 700 °C, due to the synergistic effects of resonant, conductive, and polarization relaxation losses. These findings demonstrate a promising approach for developing high-temperature ceramic metamaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118208"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118213
Farid Rabiei Motmaen, Christian Brandl, Tesfaye Molla
Computational approaches based on the viscous theory of sintering can be used to optimise the densification of ceramic components with complex architectures. Their application, however, is limited by the lack of reliable models for macroscopic properties that account for the evolving microstructure, particularly changes in particle size distributions (PSDs). This study analyses samples with distinct PSDs to quantify their influence on macroscopic properties, including the effective sintering stress and viscosities. Underlying microstructural mechanisms are captured using a coupled solid-state sintering and grain growth model within the Discrete Element Method. Model predictions show good agreement with experimental data. The results reveal limitations in existing phenomenological models, especially for systems with specialised PSDs, showing discrepancies up to 100 %. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that tailoring PSDs, for example, using bi-modal systems, can reduce sintering time by 50 %. The study establishes a foundation for predictive modelling of ceramic sintering, enabling efficient process optimisation.
{"title":"The role of particle size distributions on the macroscopic properties of sintering bodies","authors":"Farid Rabiei Motmaen, Christian Brandl, Tesfaye Molla","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computational approaches based on the viscous theory of sintering can be used to optimise the densification of ceramic components with complex architectures. Their application, however, is limited by the lack of reliable models for macroscopic properties that account for the evolving microstructure, particularly changes in particle size distributions (PSDs). This study analyses samples with distinct PSDs to quantify their influence on macroscopic properties, including the effective sintering stress and viscosities. Underlying microstructural mechanisms are captured using a coupled solid-state sintering and grain growth model within the Discrete Element Method. Model predictions show good agreement with experimental data. The results reveal limitations in existing phenomenological models, especially for systems with specialised PSDs, showing discrepancies up to 100 %. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that tailoring PSDs, for example, using bi-modal systems, can reduce sintering time by 50 %. The study establishes a foundation for predictive modelling of ceramic sintering, enabling efficient process optimisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118213"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118216
Kyu-Seop Kim , Van Quyet Nguyen , Sea-Hoon Lee
This study evaluates the ablation resistance of hafnium-based ceramic composites for hybrid rocket nozzles under high-pressure and oxidizing conditions. Hafnium carbide (HfC) and hafnium diboride (HfB₂) form stable refractory oxide layers, offering excellent resistance to thermal and chemical degradation. High-purity HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC composites with fine microstructures were fabricated and tested in a 250 N-scale hybrid thruster using high-test peroxide (HTP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Nozzle inserts were exposed to a chamber pressure on the order of 30 bar for 25 s without active cooling, and cumulative testing up to 102 s was performed for HfB₂–SiC. Both HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC showed near-zero erosion, while graphite nozzle exhibited severe throat enlargement. Chamber pressure and specific impulse remained stable with the ceramic inserts but dropped significantly with the graphite nozzle. These results demonstrate that Hf-based composites maintain structural integrity and combustion performance under harsh conditions, making them promising candidates for reusable hybrid rocket systems.
{"title":"Advanced hafnium-based ceramic composites: Exceptional Survivability with near-zero ablation for hybrid rocket applications","authors":"Kyu-Seop Kim , Van Quyet Nguyen , Sea-Hoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the ablation resistance of hafnium-based ceramic composites for hybrid rocket nozzles under high-pressure and oxidizing conditions. Hafnium carbide (HfC) and hafnium diboride (HfB₂) form stable refractory oxide layers, offering excellent resistance to thermal and chemical degradation. High-purity HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC composites with fine microstructures were fabricated and tested in a 250 N-scale hybrid thruster using high-test peroxide (HTP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Nozzle inserts were exposed to a chamber pressure on the order of 30 bar for 25 s without active cooling, and cumulative testing up to 102 s was performed for HfB₂–SiC. Both HfC–SiC and HfB₂–SiC showed near-zero erosion, while graphite nozzle exhibited severe throat enlargement. Chamber pressure and specific impulse remained stable with the ceramic inserts but dropped significantly with the graphite nozzle. These results demonstrate that Hf-based composites maintain structural integrity and combustion performance under harsh conditions, making them promising candidates for reusable hybrid rocket systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118216"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118179
Zhuoqun Jiang , Sheng Huang , Qiulin Li , Le Rong , Zhanxue Wang , Yuriy Tokovyy
SiCf/SiC composite materials, with advantages such as high temperature resistance and low density, have gradually become an important means of improving the overall performance of engines. For hot components, which require active cooling, the film-hole structure not only disrupts the continuity of the fibers and the matrix, reducing the material's load-bearing capacity, but also forms a new mass transfer channel for the Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) process, which can generate a reinforcement effect through re-deposition. Mechanical tests were performed on perforated 2D SiCf/SiC composites with controlled variables: deposition time, hole diameter, secondary deposition treatment after perforation. Full-field strain distribution was characterized by digital image correlation (DIC), while damage behavior was monitored via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This approach investigated the coupled effects of deposition parameters and structural features on secondary deposition modified perforated SiCf/SiC. Longer first deposition time reduces specimen surface damage and strain levels, but simultaneously diminishes the effectiveness of secondary deposition. Hole diameter significantly influences maximum strain and strength; moreover, secondary deposition strengthening intensifies with larger hole diameters. Distinct failure modes underscore complex interactions among deposition time, hole diameter, and secondary deposition. The established process-structure-property model provides critical theoretical support for integrated design of ceramic matrix composite (CMC).
{"title":"Parametric effects on secondary deposition modification of 2D SiCf/SiC film cooling hole structures","authors":"Zhuoqun Jiang , Sheng Huang , Qiulin Li , Le Rong , Zhanxue Wang , Yuriy Tokovyy","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC composite materials, with advantages such as high temperature resistance and low density, have gradually become an important means of improving the overall performance of engines. For hot components, which require active cooling, the film-hole structure not only disrupts the continuity of the fibers and the matrix, reducing the material's load-bearing capacity, but also forms a new mass transfer channel for the Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) process, which can generate a reinforcement effect through re-deposition. Mechanical tests were performed on perforated 2D SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC composites with controlled variables: deposition time, hole diameter, secondary deposition treatment after perforation. Full-field strain distribution was characterized by digital image correlation (DIC), while damage behavior was monitored via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This approach investigated the coupled effects of deposition parameters and structural features on secondary deposition modified perforated SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC. Longer first deposition time reduces specimen surface damage and strain levels, but simultaneously diminishes the effectiveness of secondary deposition. Hole diameter significantly influences maximum strain and strength; moreover, secondary deposition strengthening intensifies with larger hole diameters. Distinct failure modes underscore complex interactions among deposition time, hole diameter, and secondary deposition. The established process-structure-property model provides critical theoretical support for integrated design of ceramic matrix composite (CMC).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118179"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118224
Wei Ning , Xinxin Cao , Guifang Han , Egor Borisovich Kashkarov , Nahum Travitzky
This study explores the regulation of grain growth and sintering mechanism of self-toughening Si3N4 simply by controlling the amount of CaF2 added. CaF2 was transformed into CaO in-situ via its reaction with SiO2 on the surface of Si3N4. This simultaneously achieved three effects: inhibiting the secondary phase CaSiO3 generated easily by direct addition of CaO; in-situ generated CaO regulates the grain growth and densification of Si3N4 with high aspect ratio; formation of CaF2-CaO low viscosity liquid phase facilitates sintering and densification process. All these can be achieved by adjusting the amount of CaF2. The reaction mechanism of CaF2 as a novel sintering additive in Si3N4 ceramics was explored for the first time through thermodynamic theoretical calculation and phase diagram. This work provides a new combination method for the design and development of easy-to-control, efficient and cost-effective sintering additives for Si3N4 and other high temperature ceramics.
{"title":"Regulating grain growth and sintering mechanism of Si3N4 ceramics: Three effects achieved simultaneously by controlling the amount of CaF2 additive","authors":"Wei Ning , Xinxin Cao , Guifang Han , Egor Borisovich Kashkarov , Nahum Travitzky","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the regulation of grain growth and sintering mechanism of self-toughening Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> simply by controlling the amount of CaF<sub>2</sub> added. CaF<sub>2</sub> was transformed into CaO <em>in-situ</em> via its reaction with SiO<sub>2</sub> on the surface of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>. This simultaneously achieved three effects: inhibiting the secondary phase CaSiO<sub>3</sub> generated easily by direct addition of CaO; <em>in-situ</em> generated CaO regulates the grain growth and densification of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> with high aspect ratio; formation of CaF<sub>2</sub>-CaO low viscosity liquid phase facilitates sintering and densification process. All these can be achieved by adjusting the amount of CaF<sub>2</sub>. The reaction mechanism of CaF<sub>2</sub> as a novel sintering additive in Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramics was explored for the first time through thermodynamic theoretical calculation and phase diagram. This work provides a new combination method for the design and development of easy-to-control, efficient and cost-effective sintering additives for Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and other high temperature ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 9","pages":"Article 118224"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-08-01Epub Date: 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118188
Youle Liu , Yufeng Zhang , Yucheng Zhang , Hongkun Li , Jianqiu Zhu , Ze Liu , Peng Du , Xiao Lin , Jian Qiang Wang , Linjuan Zhang
Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are promising energy conversion devices but often degrade due to Ni agglomeration at elevated temperatures. Here, we report an interface-engineering strategy by incorporating optimized ceria (CeO2, 7.5 wt%) into the Ni–BZCYYb anode functional layer via scalable tape casting. The CeO2-modified cell delivers a peak power density of 1.427 W cm−2 at 650 °C, a 10.19 % improvement over the reference. Under galvanostatic operation at 1 A cm−2, the voltage decay is only 2.87 % after 400 h, compared with 7.72 % for the reference. EIS and FIB-SEM quantification show suppressed Ni coarsening with a finer microstructure and higher TPB density. The results support a dual-stage contribution of CeO2 to stabilization during sintering and long-term operation, with atomistic insights further supported by reported DFT/KMC literature. This work presents a feasible industrial strategy to significantly enhance both performance and durability of proton-conducting ceramic cells through targeted interfacial modification.
质子陶瓷燃料电池（pcfc）是一种很有前途的能量转换器件，但由于高温下镍的聚集，质子陶瓷燃料电池往往会退化。在这里，我们报告了一种界面工程策略，通过可扩展的带铸造将优化的铈（CeO2, 7.5 wt%）纳入Ni-BZCYYb阳极功能层。在650°C时，ceo2修饰电池的峰值功率密度为1.427 W cm−2，比参考电池提高10.19 %。在1 A cm−2的恒流操作下，400 h后电压衰减仅为2.87 %，而参考电压衰减为7.72 %。EIS和FIB-SEM量化表明，Ni粗化受到抑制，其微观结构更细，TPB密度更高。研究结果支持了CeO2在烧结和长期运行过程中对稳定的双阶段贡献，并得到了DFT/KMC文献的进一步支持。本研究提出了一种可行的工业策略，通过有针对性的界面修饰来显著提高质子导电陶瓷电池的性能和耐久性。
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