This study investigates the influence of raw materials on the formation of high-content mullite crystal structure to elucidate the structure-property regulation mechanism. High-content mullite was synthesized using natural raw materials (A-MU) and pure oxide raw materials (B-MU). The results indicate that the A-MU sample sintered at 1680 ℃ exhibits superior performance, with higher bulk density (2.85 g·cm−3), bending strength (100.05 MPa), and thermal energy storage density (1374.75 kJ·kg−1) than the B-MU sample. The A-MU mullite grains have a columnar structure, while the B-MU mullite grains have a granular structure, corresponding to the (331) and (001) crystal planes, respectively. Mechanistic analysis indicates that natural raw materials can accelerate the melting of SiO2 into a SiO2-rich liquid phase, promote the diffusion of Al3+ and Si4+, reduce the activation energy for the axial growth of mullite, and enhance the amplitude of phonon vibrations, thereby improving thermal energy storage performance.
{"title":"Synthesis, microstructure and thermal storage properties of high-content mullite ceramics","authors":"Jianfeng Wu , Deng Zhang , Xiaohong Xu , Yaqiang Shen , Saixi Qiu , Yihan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of raw materials on the formation of high-content mullite crystal structure to elucidate the structure-property regulation mechanism. High-content mullite was synthesized using natural raw materials (A-MU) and pure oxide raw materials (B-MU). The results indicate that the A-MU sample sintered at 1680 ℃ exhibits superior performance, with higher bulk density (2.85 g·cm<sup>−3</sup>), bending strength (100.05 MPa), and thermal energy storage density (1374.75 kJ·kg<sup>−1</sup>) than the B-MU sample. The A-MU mullite grains have a columnar structure, while the B-MU mullite grains have a granular structure, corresponding to the (331) and (001) crystal planes, respectively. Mechanistic analysis indicates that natural raw materials can accelerate the melting of SiO<sub>2</sub> into a SiO<sub>2</sub>-rich liquid phase, promote the diffusion of Al<sup>3+</sup> and Si<sup>4+</sup>, reduce the activation energy for the axial growth of mullite, and enhance the amplitude of phonon vibrations, thereby improving thermal energy storage performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118117"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118113
Yumin An , Jiabao Xu , Mingyao Song , Liwen Yan , Libin Zhao
In this work, a (Ce0.2Sm0.2Gd0.2Nd0.2Y0.2)2Zr2O7-ZrO2 ceramic fiber aerogel was successfully prepared by combining airflow spinning and high-temperature pyrolysis method using rare earth carbonates as raw materials. XRD, TEM, and EDS analyses showed that the (Ce0.2Sm0.2Gd0.2Nd0.2Y0.2)2Zr2O7-ZrO2 ceramic fiber aerogel exhibited a composite structure of defective fluorite and cubic zirconia phases after heat treatment at 1200 °C, with a uniform distribution of rare earth elements. The aerogel was able to achieve excellent compression resilience when compressed in liquid nitrogen, room temperature and alcohol lamp flame. In addition, the thermal conductivity of (Ce0.2Sm0.2Gd0.2Nd0.2Y0.2)2Zr2O7-ZrO2 ceramic fiber aerogel was about 31.9 mW·m−1·K−1 at room temperature, and the ceramic fiber aerogel could reduce the high temperature of 1200 °C to about 323 °C with 10 mm thickness and remain stable. The infrared reflectance of the ceramic fiber aerogel after heat treatment at 1000 °C is 91.7 %, which demonstrates excellent thermal radiation shielding capability.
{"title":"A (Ce0.2Sm0.2Gd0.2Nd0.2Y0.2)2Zr2O7-ZrO2 ceramic fiber aerogel with excellent thermal insulation properties","authors":"Yumin An , Jiabao Xu , Mingyao Song , Liwen Yan , Libin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a (Ce<sub>0.2</sub>Sm<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Nd<sub>0.2</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> ceramic fiber aerogel was successfully prepared by combining airflow spinning and high-temperature pyrolysis method using rare earth carbonates as raw materials. XRD, TEM, and EDS analyses showed that the (Ce<sub>0.2</sub>Sm<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Nd<sub>0.2</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> ceramic fiber aerogel exhibited a composite structure of defective fluorite and cubic zirconia phases after heat treatment at 1200 °C, with a uniform distribution of rare earth elements. The aerogel was able to achieve excellent compression resilience when compressed in liquid nitrogen, room temperature and alcohol lamp flame. In addition, the thermal conductivity of (Ce<sub>0.2</sub>Sm<sub>0.2</sub>Gd<sub>0.2</sub>Nd<sub>0.2</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> ceramic fiber aerogel was about 31.9 mW·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup> at room temperature, and the ceramic fiber aerogel could reduce the high temperature of 1200 °C to about 323 °C with 10 mm thickness and remain stable. The infrared reflectance of the ceramic fiber aerogel after heat treatment at 1000 °C is 91.7 %, which demonstrates excellent thermal radiation shielding capability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118113"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118115
Wei Liu , Yunlan Guo , Kaiwen Hu , Jian Ruan , Jong Heo , Chao Liu
This study investigates the effects of B2O3 substitution for Al2O3 on the crystallization behavior, microstructure, and mechanical properties of glass-ceramics (GCs) in the Na2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system. Results indicate that B2O3 promotes the formation of [BO3] units, leading to a more open glass network and reduced elastic modulus and hardness in the as-prepared glasses. During heat-treatment, Mg2SiO4 crystallizes, though its content decreases with higher B2O3 levels, accompanied by increased crystal size and clustering. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses (XRD, Raman, NMR, XPS, TEM) confirm that Ti3 + incorporates into the Mg2 site of Mg2SiO4, while B3+ partially substitutes for Si4+. The fracture toughness of GCs initially decreases due to reduced crystallinity, but recovers at higher B2O3 contents owing to combined effects of larger crystal size and enhanced [BO3] content. These findings provide insights into the role of B2O3 in tailoring the mechanical performance of Mg2SiO4-based GCs through controlled structural and microstructural evolution.
{"title":"Effect of B2O3 substitution for Al2O3 on crystallization behavior, microstructure, and mechanical properties of forsterite-based glass-ceramics","authors":"Wei Liu , Yunlan Guo , Kaiwen Hu , Jian Ruan , Jong Heo , Chao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> substitution for Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on the crystallization behavior, microstructure, and mechanical properties of glass-ceramics (GCs) in the Na<sub>2</sub>O-MgO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> system. Results indicate that B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> promotes the formation of [BO<sub>3</sub>] units, leading to a more open glass network and reduced elastic modulus and hardness in the as-prepared glasses. During heat-treatment, Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> crystallizes, though its content decreases with higher B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> levels, accompanied by increased crystal size and clustering. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses (XRD, Raman, NMR, XPS, TEM) confirm that Ti<sup>3 +</sup> incorporates into the Mg2 site of Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>, while B<sup>3+</sup> partially substitutes for Si<sup>4+</sup>. The fracture toughness of GCs initially decreases due to reduced crystallinity, but recovers at higher B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents owing to combined effects of larger crystal size and enhanced [BO<sub>3</sub>] content. These findings provide insights into the role of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in tailoring the mechanical performance of Mg<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>-based GCs through controlled structural and microstructural evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118115"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118114
Gauri Waghmare, Ashutosh S. Gandhi
Ytterbium silicate environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) were developed via a slurry spraying and reactive sintering approach using Yb2O3 micro- and nano-particles as feedstock. Upon reactive sintering the Yb2O3 top-coat sprayed on Si-bond coat substrate at 1400 °C for 10 h, β-Yb2Si2O7 (YbDS) and X2-Yb2SiO5 (YbMS) formed in the interface region as two separate layers. The sintered coatings were heated in static air from 1300 to 1400 °C for 3–50 h for studying growth kinetics of the silicate layers. Differences in the densification behaviour of nanoparticle and Yb2O3 microparticle EBCs fabricated with same processing parameters were understood using Herring’s scaling laws. The coatings and a bare Si substrate were tested for their water vapour resistance in a custom-built combustion flame set-up at 1350 °C for 50 h. Performance evaluation in terms of mass change, microstructural features, and phases present demonstrated the effectiveness of the nanoparticle derived reaction sintered slurry deposited EBCs.
{"title":"Role of nanoparticles on the reaction sintering and performance of functionally multilayered Yb-silicate environmental barrier coatings","authors":"Gauri Waghmare, Ashutosh S. Gandhi","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ytterbium silicate environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) were developed via a slurry spraying and reactive sintering approach using Yb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> micro- and nano-particles as feedstock. Upon reactive sintering the Yb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> top-coat sprayed on Si-bond coat substrate at 1400 °C for 10 h, β-Yb<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (YbDS) and X2-Yb<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub> (YbMS) formed in the interface region as two separate layers. The sintered coatings were heated in static air from 1300 to 1400 °C for 3–50 h for studying growth kinetics of the silicate layers. Differences in the densification behaviour of nanoparticle and Yb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> microparticle EBCs fabricated with same processing parameters were understood using Herring’s scaling laws. The coatings and a bare Si substrate were tested for their water vapour resistance in a custom-built combustion flame set-up at 1350 °C for 50 h. Performance evaluation in terms of mass change, microstructural features, and phases present demonstrated the effectiveness of the nanoparticle derived reaction sintered slurry deposited EBCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118114"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118112
Yanli Ye , Zijun He , Xiaoqing Liu , Ningning Li , Yuxuan Wang , Zheng Qi , Junlin Xie
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a promising structural ceramic for high-temperature applications but suffers from poor sintering and low strength. In this study, h-BN ceramics were reinforced using Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 (YAS) oxides additives to regulate glass-phase evolution and optimize thermophysical properties. Varying the Al2O3 content transformed the additive phase from crystalline Y2Si2O7 to amorphous Y-Si-Al-O glass, promoting liquid-phase sintering, improving platelet alignment, and enhancing densification. The optimized composition (YSA10) achieved the highest relative density (88.28 %) and superior thermal conductivity (155 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ at room temperature; 66 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ at 1000 °C). The reduced conductivity decay above 600 °C suggests the emergence of photon-mediated transport through the semi-transparent glass phase, supplementing phonon conduction at elevated temperatures. These findings reveal a novel dual-mode heat conduction mechanism in oxide-modified h-BN ceramics and establish a new paradigm for designing high-temperature ceramics with integrated phonon-photon heat transport through controlled glass-phase engineering.
{"title":"Al2O3-tuned glass-phase evolution enabling dual-mode heat conduction in hexagonal boron nitride ceramics","authors":"Yanli Ye , Zijun He , Xiaoqing Liu , Ningning Li , Yuxuan Wang , Zheng Qi , Junlin Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a promising structural ceramic for high-temperature applications but suffers from poor sintering and low strength. In this study, h-BN ceramics were reinforced using Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> (YAS) oxides additives to regulate glass-phase evolution and optimize thermophysical properties. Varying the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content transformed the additive phase from crystalline Y<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> to amorphous Y-Si-Al-O glass, promoting liquid-phase sintering, improving platelet alignment, and enhancing densification. The optimized composition (YSA10) achieved the highest relative density (88.28 %) and superior thermal conductivity (155 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ at room temperature; 66 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ at 1000 °C). The reduced conductivity decay above 600 °C suggests the emergence of photon-mediated transport through the semi-transparent glass phase, supplementing phonon conduction at elevated temperatures. These findings reveal a novel dual-mode heat conduction mechanism in oxide-modified h-BN ceramics and establish a new paradigm for designing high-temperature ceramics with integrated phonon-photon heat transport through controlled glass-phase engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118112"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118111
Lucía dos Santos-Gómez , Abraham Sánchez-Caballero , José Manuel Porras-Vázquez , Javier Zamudio-García , Enrique R. Losilla , David Marrero-López
Composite cathodes combining a mixed ionic–electronic conductor with an oxygen-ion conductor are key for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), as they increase the electrochemically active area and mitigate thermal expansion mismatch with the electrolyte. However, conventional fabrication methods, such as simple powder mixing, often yield inhomogeneous phase distributions and involve multiple processing steps that hinder scalability. In this work, La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) - Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (CGO) composite cathodes are prepared by different routes, including conventional powder mixing, LSCF powders coated with CGO nanoparticles, CGO powders coated with LSCF nanoparticles and a co-synthetized nanocomposite obtained from a single precursor solution via the freeze-drying method. The electrodes are systematically characterized to correlate phase distribution and microstructure with electrochemical performance. The co-synthesized nanocomposite exhibits a significantly reduced particle size of 20 nm at 800 ºC, resulting in a polarization resistance of 0.08 Ω·cm2 at 700 ºC, compared to 0.22 Ω·cm2 for the powder-mixed electrode. Correspondingly, the power density of the cell employing the nanosized LSCF–CGO cathode increased by 37 % compared to the conventional electrode. These results demonstrate that freeze-drying provides a simple, scalable and effective synthesis route for high-performance LSCF–CGO nanocomposite cathodes, offering significant advantages over conventional preparation methods for IT-SOFC applications.
{"title":"Engineering phase distribution in LSCF-CGO cathodes for enhanced electrochemical performance in SOFCs","authors":"Lucía dos Santos-Gómez , Abraham Sánchez-Caballero , José Manuel Porras-Vázquez , Javier Zamudio-García , Enrique R. Losilla , David Marrero-López","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite cathodes combining a mixed ionic–electronic conductor with an oxygen-ion conductor are key for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), as they increase the electrochemically active area and mitigate thermal expansion mismatch with the electrolyte. However, conventional fabrication methods, such as simple powder mixing, often yield inhomogeneous phase distributions and involve multiple processing steps that hinder scalability. In this work, La<sub>0.6</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Fe<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> (LSCF) - Ce<sub>0.9</sub>Gd<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>1.95</sub> (CGO) composite cathodes are prepared by different routes, including conventional powder mixing, LSCF powders coated with CGO nanoparticles, CGO powders coated with LSCF nanoparticles and a co-synthetized nanocomposite obtained from a single precursor solution via the freeze-drying method. The electrodes are systematically characterized to correlate phase distribution and microstructure with electrochemical performance. The co-synthesized nanocomposite exhibits a significantly reduced particle size of 20 nm at 800 ºC, resulting in a polarization resistance of 0.08 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup> at 700 ºC, compared to 0.22 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup> for the powder-mixed electrode. Correspondingly, the power density of the cell employing the nanosized LSCF–CGO cathode increased by 37 % compared to the conventional electrode. These results demonstrate that freeze-drying provides a simple, scalable and effective synthesis route for high-performance LSCF–CGO nanocomposite cathodes, offering significant advantages over conventional preparation methods for IT-SOFC applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118111"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145882150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118110
Wenbin Tang , Huihui Liu , Zhiqin Zeng , Yiping Wang , Ying Yang , Yaojin Wang , Guoliang Yuan
A hot-pressing sintering at 0.8 MPa was employed to fabricate 0.94Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3-0.06Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3+ 0.005Fe2O3+ 0.002Sc2O3 (HP-0.8) ceramics, aimed at mitigating both overheating and fracture risks during vibration. The ceramic exhibits outstanding piezoelectric properties, including a d33 value of 302 pC/N, dielectric tangent loss (tan δ) of 0.42 %, mechanical quality factor Qm of 1950, and Curie temperature of 366 ℃; thus effectively reducing the overheating factor. Notably, this ceramic achieved a uniform microstructure with grain sizes ranging from 1.1 to 1.5 µm and a relative density of 99.0 %. Consequently, the possibility of fracture in HP-0.8 is substantially reduced compared to that in ceramics sintered without pressure (CS). During accelerated aging experiments, the HP-0.8 ceramic demonstrated continuous vibrational capability at velocities exceeding 1.00 m/s for durations up to 60 min; conversely, CS ceramic experienced mechanical fractures after only five minutes under similar conditions. Overall, HP-0.8 ceramic holds promise for enhancing reliability and safety in high-power piezoelectric applications.
{"title":"Reliable piezoelectric vibrating properties of high-power PZT-PMN ceramics achieved through hot-pressing sintering","authors":"Wenbin Tang , Huihui Liu , Zhiqin Zeng , Yiping Wang , Ying Yang , Yaojin Wang , Guoliang Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A hot-pressing sintering at 0.8 MPa was employed to fabricate 0.94Pb(Zr<sub>0.5</sub>Ti<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-0.06Pb(Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>+ 0.005Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>+ 0.002Sc<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (HP-0.8) ceramics, aimed at mitigating both overheating and fracture risks during vibration. The ceramic exhibits outstanding piezoelectric properties, including a <em>d</em><sub>33</sub> value of 302 pC/N, dielectric tangent loss (tan δ) of 0.42 %, mechanical quality factor <em>Q</em><sub>m</sub> of 1950, and Curie temperature of 366 ℃; thus effectively reducing the overheating factor. Notably, this ceramic achieved a uniform microstructure with grain sizes ranging from 1.1 to 1.5 µm and a relative density of 99.0 %. Consequently, the possibility of fracture in HP-0.8 is substantially reduced compared to that in ceramics sintered without pressure (CS). During accelerated aging experiments, the HP-0.8 ceramic demonstrated continuous vibrational capability at velocities exceeding 1.00 m/s for durations up to 60 min; conversely, CS ceramic experienced mechanical fractures after only five minutes under similar conditions. Overall, HP-0.8 ceramic holds promise for enhancing reliability and safety in high-power piezoelectric applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118110"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118107
Huimin Xiang , Jie Fan , Siyuan Huang , Yiran Li , Yuchen Liu , Wenxian Li , Yanchun Zhou , Bin Liu
Porous ceramics with ultralow thermal conductivity and robust thermal stability are critical for advanced hypersonic vehicles. However, sintering and phase transitions of these materials have been critical problems. To address these issues, herein, we report the synthesis of multicomponent (Zn0.1Ca0.1Sr0.4Ba0.4)ZrO3 powders via solid-phase reaction and subsequent fabrication of sintering-resistant porous ceramics using a particle-stabilized foaming approach. By modulating solid loading (20–40 wt%), we achieved tailorable architectures with porosity levels of 81.6–92.3 % and compressive strengths of 0.97–4.50 MPa. The optimized material demonstrates ultralow room-temperature thermal conductivity (0.086–0.150 W/(m·K)), remarkably preserved at 0.232 W/(m·K) at 1000°C. Crucially, these ceramics exhibit exceptional thermomechanical stability with < 1 % linear shrinkage after 6 h heating at 1700°C and survive 200°C-quenching thermal shocks without catastrophic structural failure. These combined properties position (Zn0.1Ca0.1Sr0.4Ba0.4)ZrO3 porous ceramics as a promising candidate for ultrahigh-temperature insulation in aerospace and energy systems.
{"title":"Multicomponent (Zn0.1Ca0.1Sr0.4Ba0.4)ZrO3 porous ceramics for high-temperature insulation applications","authors":"Huimin Xiang , Jie Fan , Siyuan Huang , Yiran Li , Yuchen Liu , Wenxian Li , Yanchun Zhou , Bin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous ceramics with ultralow thermal conductivity and robust thermal stability are critical for advanced hypersonic vehicles. However, sintering and phase transitions of these materials have been critical problems. To address these issues, herein, we report the synthesis of multicomponent (Zn<sub>0.1</sub>Ca<sub>0.1</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>Ba<sub>0.4</sub>)ZrO<sub>3</sub> powders via solid-phase reaction and subsequent fabrication of sintering-resistant porous ceramics using a particle-stabilized foaming approach. By modulating solid loading (20–40 wt%), we achieved tailorable architectures with porosity levels of 81.6–92.3 % and compressive strengths of 0.97–4.50 MPa. The optimized material demonstrates ultralow room-temperature thermal conductivity (0.086–0.150 W/(m·K)), remarkably preserved at 0.232 W/(m·K) at 1000°C. Crucially, these ceramics exhibit exceptional thermomechanical stability with < 1 % linear shrinkage after 6 h heating at 1700°C and survive 200°C-quenching thermal shocks without catastrophic structural failure. These combined properties position (Zn<sub>0.1</sub>Ca<sub>0.1</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>Ba<sub>0.4</sub>)ZrO<sub>3</sub> porous ceramics as a promising candidate for ultrahigh-temperature insulation in aerospace and energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118107"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As for cobalt ferrites, a type of magnetic ceramic, achieving a balance between high magnetostriction and low driving magnetic fields continues to be a significant challenge. In this work, a series of Cu substituted cobalt ferrites were synthesized using the compression molding and magnetic field assisted injection molding respectively. All prepared cobalt ferrites exhibited a single-phase spinel structure. The Cu-doped cobalt ferrites showed a significant increase in grain size. The substitution slightly decreased the saturation magnetization. The significant decrease of coercivity indicated the improved soft magnetic properties of the Cu-doped cobalt ferrites. The < 001 > orientation was achieved by magnetic aligning during injecting molding process in all Cu-doped samples. The maximum magnetostriction of −460 ppm was obtained. The strain sensitivity improved to 0.477 ppm/Oe, marking a 363 % increase. The corresponded magnetic field decreased to 778 Oe. The notable increase in magnetostriction and strain sensitivity resulted from the combined effects of Cu doping and < 100 > orientation.
{"title":"Giant improvement of magnetostrictive properties in polycrystalline CoFe2O4 ceramics via Cu doping and magnetic aligning during solid-state preparation process","authors":"Jiheng Li, Miao Liu, Jiawang Cheng, Xiaoqian Bao, Xuexu Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As for cobalt ferrites, a type of magnetic ceramic, achieving a balance between high magnetostriction and low driving magnetic fields continues to be a significant challenge. In this work, a series of Cu substituted cobalt ferrites were synthesized using the compression molding and magnetic field assisted injection molding respectively. All prepared cobalt ferrites exhibited a single-phase spinel structure. The Cu-doped cobalt ferrites showed a significant increase in grain size. The substitution slightly decreased the saturation magnetization. The significant decrease of coercivity indicated the improved soft magnetic properties of the Cu-doped cobalt ferrites. The < 001 > orientation was achieved by magnetic aligning during injecting molding process in all Cu-doped samples. The maximum magnetostriction of −460 ppm was obtained. The strain sensitivity improved to 0.477 ppm/Oe, marking a 363 % increase. The corresponded magnetic field decreased to 778 Oe. The notable increase in magnetostriction and strain sensitivity resulted from the combined effects of Cu doping and < 100 > orientation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The electronic structure, work function, and thermionic emission properties of Ce0.75R0.25B6 ceramics (R=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Gd) were systematically studied through a combined theoretical and experimental approach. DFT calculated results show that La, Nd, and Gd doping enhances the electron emission performance of Ce0.75R0.25B6 with a lower work function by optimizing the energy band structure (band distribution and electron effective mass) and 4f-5d electron orbital distribution. The evaporation-condensation technology combined with spark plasma sintering (SPS) method was used to prepare doped polycrystalline Ce0.75R0.25B6. The phase, microstructures, surface grain orientation, and thermionic emission properties of Ce0.75R0.25B6 were characterized and tested. The results indicate that the single phase polycrystalline Ce0.75R0.25B6 with a grain size of 300–600 nm were successfully prepared. The polycrystalline Ce0.75R0.25B6 (R=La, Nd and Gd) with a {100} orientation of emission surface show a better thermionic emission performance, that are consistent with theoretical calculations.
{"title":"Modulating electronic structure and emission performance of rare-earth doped Ce0.75R0.25B6 ceramics (R=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd): First-principles and experimental insights","authors":"Hongliang Liu , Zhiying Guo , Zunwei Zhu , Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.118109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electronic structure, work function, and thermionic emission properties of Ce<sub>0.75</sub>R<sub>0.25</sub>B<sub>6</sub> ceramics (R=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Gd) were systematically studied through a combined theoretical and experimental approach. DFT calculated results show that La, Nd, and Gd doping enhances the electron emission performance of Ce<sub>0.75</sub>R<sub>0.25</sub>B<sub>6</sub> with a lower work function by optimizing the energy band structure (band distribution and electron effective mass) and 4f-5d electron orbital distribution. The evaporation-condensation technology combined with spark plasma sintering (SPS) method was used to prepare doped polycrystalline Ce<sub>0.75</sub>R<sub>0.25</sub>B<sub>6</sub>. The phase, microstructures, surface grain orientation, and thermionic emission properties of Ce<sub>0.75</sub>R<sub>0.25</sub>B<sub>6</sub> were characterized and tested. The results indicate that the single phase polycrystalline Ce<sub>0.75</sub>R<sub>0.25</sub>B<sub>6</sub> with a grain size of 300–600 nm were successfully prepared. The polycrystalline Ce<sub>0.75</sub>R<sub>0.25</sub>B<sub>6</sub> (R=La, Nd and Gd) with a {100} orientation of emission surface show a better thermionic emission performance, that are consistent with theoretical calculations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"46 7","pages":"Article 118109"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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