Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.11468/seikatsueisei.51.178
O. Yamamoto
In about 1950, the surrounding coastal cities began to deposit in Osaka Bay the human excreta that could not be used or disposed of on land. In connection, researchers from the Osaka Municipal Hygienic Laboratory undertook a rapid survey of the state of pollution in the Bay and established that, while pollution was present in the sea disposal area, it was severer at the mouth of rivers. After the survey, the researchers joined the research committee chaired by Professor Miura of Kyoto University, which operated with the aid of the Scientific Experimental Research Fund of the Ministry of Education, and studied pollution in Osaka Bay, the effect of sea disposal on fish, the behavior of the deposited excreta in the sea, and the viability of E. coli in seawater. The present material was written to commemorate the work of the Hygienic Laboratory in the study of human excreta disposal in Osaka Bay. It consists of a history of human excreta treatment and disposal in Osaka City up to the beginning of sea disposal, related laws during the same period, the situation regarding sea disposal and pollution in the Bay, and the activities of a committee of Osaka Bay coastal cities set up to research human excreta disposal problems.
{"title":"Sea Disposal of Human Excreta from Osaka City and Role of Osaka Municipal Hygienic Laboratory","authors":"O. Yamamoto","doi":"10.11468/seikatsueisei.51.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/seikatsueisei.51.178","url":null,"abstract":"In about 1950, the surrounding coastal cities began to deposit in Osaka Bay the human excreta that could not be used or disposed of on land. In connection, researchers from the Osaka Municipal Hygienic Laboratory undertook a rapid survey of the state of pollution in the Bay and established that, while pollution was present in the sea disposal area, it was severer at the mouth of rivers. After the survey, the researchers joined the research committee chaired by Professor Miura of Kyoto University, which operated with the aid of the Scientific Experimental Research Fund of the Ministry of Education, and studied pollution in Osaka Bay, the effect of sea disposal on fish, the behavior of the deposited excreta in the sea, and the viability of E. coli in seawater. The present material was written to commemorate the work of the Hygienic Laboratory in the study of human excreta disposal in Osaka Bay. It consists of a history of human excreta treatment and disposal in Osaka City up to the beginning of sea disposal, related laws during the same period, the situation regarding sea disposal and pollution in the Bay, and the activities of a committee of Osaka Bay coastal cities set up to research human excreta disposal problems.","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78461705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.51.249
H. Yoshida, T. Hada
709-0716, Japan Abstract The anti-fatigue properties of odorless garlic extract (OGE) were investigated by monitoring the recovery rate from muscular fatigue in anesthetized rats. In the experiment, muscular fatigue was induced by applying rapid electric stimulations to the skeletal muscle. Fatigue recovery rates were measured after a 60- and a 90-minute interval in the treated group and the control group, respectively. The results indicated that OGE had a certain degree of anti-fatigue effect (p<0.1) in the treated group (1g/kg/day oral administration of OGE for 14days). No significant body weight change in either group was observed during the experiment period, suggesting that OGE is safe at the dosage
{"title":"The Anti-Fatigue Effect in Skeletal Muscle Model Rats of Odorless Garlic Extract.","authors":"H. Yoshida, T. Hada","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.51.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.51.249","url":null,"abstract":"709-0716, Japan Abstract The anti-fatigue properties of odorless garlic extract (OGE) were investigated by monitoring the recovery rate from muscular fatigue in anesthetized rats. In the experiment, muscular fatigue was induced by applying rapid electric stimulations to the skeletal muscle. Fatigue recovery rates were measured after a 60- and a 90-minute interval in the treated group and the control group, respectively. The results indicated that OGE had a certain degree of anti-fatigue effect (p<0.1) in the treated group (1g/kg/day oral administration of OGE for 14days). No significant body weight change in either group was observed during the experiment period, suggesting that OGE is safe at the dosage","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81457410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.12
Chobei Imai
{"title":"A short Review of the Concept of the Environment and the Subject Matter of Environmental Biology","authors":"Chobei Imai","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75868701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.89
N. Abe, I. Kimata
{"title":"Genetic Polymorphism among Entamoeba histolytica Isolates in Osaka City","authors":"N. Abe, I. Kimata","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.89","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84869144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.299
T. Nishitani
The relation between wastes and a sustainable society was considered. The waste problem is a major social issue and has become an important task for resource and environmental, management as seen for instance in the shortage of landfill sites and the frequent occurrence of illegal disposal. The conversion to a recycling-oriented society has been presented as a radical solution to these problems. The meaning of recycling in a recycling-oriented society was examined and it was concluded that an approach based in the local community was important to the achievement of such a society. The role in such an approach played by local government research institutes is great.
{"title":"A Sustainable Society from the Viewpoint of Waste Management","authors":"T. Nishitani","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.299","url":null,"abstract":"The relation between wastes and a sustainable society was considered. The waste problem is a major social issue and has become an important task for resource and environmental, management as seen for instance in the shortage of landfill sites and the frequent occurrence of illegal disposal. The conversion to a recycling-oriented society has been presented as a radical solution to these problems. The meaning of recycling in a recycling-oriented society was examined and it was concluded that an approach based in the local community was important to the achievement of such a society. The role in such an approach played by local government research institutes is great.","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84040790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.33
R. Hiraga, Hiroshi Ueda, Teruaki Fujikawa, T. Yoshikura, I. Abe
{"title":"Feasibility Studies for CDM Project at San Mateo Landfill Site, the Philippines","authors":"R. Hiraga, Hiroshi Ueda, Teruaki Fujikawa, T. Yoshikura, I. Abe","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81362262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.3
H. Moriwaki, T. Nakano
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) remain an important group of environmental contaminants whose toxicity is of major concern. Recently, it has become clear that PCB metabolites, such as hydroxylated PCBs, methylsulfonyl PCBs and catechol metabolites of PCBs, show various toxicities and that such metabolites play an important role in the toxicity of PCBs. In the present report, the toxicities of PCB metabolites are summarized.
{"title":"Toxicity of PCB metabolites","authors":"H. Moriwaki, T. Nakano","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.3","url":null,"abstract":"Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) remain an important group of environmental contaminants whose toxicity is of major concern. Recently, it has become clear that PCB metabolites, such as hydroxylated PCBs, methylsulfonyl PCBs and catechol metabolites of PCBs, show various toxicities and that such metabolites play an important role in the toxicity of PCBs. In the present report, the toxicities of PCB metabolites are summarized.","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83811442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.268
H. Moriwaki, Iori Miyamoto, Atsushi Yamamoto
{"title":"Observation of Lifestyle and Environment by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","authors":"H. Moriwaki, Iori Miyamoto, Atsushi Yamamoto","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91205031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.313
Yasuyuki Itano
As advances in local emission control are made, the relative importance of background air pollution levels increases. Ship emissions in Osaka Bay were found to affect inland air quality relating to NO2 levels in Osaka City, while strong emissions of NOx and NMHC in developing regions on the Asian continent increased O3 levels in background air pollution in Japan. Emissions from metropolitan areas, on the other hand, can affect not only local but also global air quality. Transboundary air pollution, which impacts other cities, prefectures, and countries, should be considered in relation to recent local air pollution problems. These local and regional interactions should be taken into account for the future of air pollution control.
{"title":"Urban and Regional Scale Air Pollution","authors":"Yasuyuki Itano","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.313","url":null,"abstract":"As advances in local emission control are made, the relative importance of background air pollution levels increases. Ship emissions in Osaka Bay were found to affect inland air quality relating to NO2 levels in Osaka City, while strong emissions of NOx and NMHC in developing regions on the Asian continent increased O3 levels in background air pollution in Japan. Emissions from metropolitan areas, on the other hand, can affect not only local but also global air quality. Transboundary air pollution, which impacts other cities, prefectures, and countries, should be considered in relation to recent local air pollution problems. These local and regional interactions should be taken into account for the future of air pollution control.","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78599007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.317
K. Masumoto
{"title":"“Heat Environment Problem” as Regional and Worldwide Issue","authors":"K. Masumoto","doi":"10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11468/SEIKATSUEISEI.50.317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Living and Health Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83896470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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