Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005303202101
S. Sari, Wening Tri Mawanti, Dewi Martalena, E. Listiyaningsih, Rizkyana Avissa, Rini Latifah, W. Sukarya
COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection that attacked the human respiratory system. In severe conditions it causes pneumonia, kidney failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and even death. The SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers the immune cells to secrete an excess of pro-inflammatory cytokines that lead to cytokine storm. It is believed to become one of the mechanisms that cause the ARDS condition. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines will differ with each case severity. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients with different severity. Therefore, it could be used as a therapeutic approach for cytokine storm conditions. It was a cross sectional study using plasma samples of COVID-19 patients from Jakarta Islamic Hospital Pondok Kopi and Dr. M. Goenawan Partowidigdo Hospital Cisarua Indonesia. The COVID-19 patients with severe (n=20) and mild to moderate (n=25) severity were involved in this study. As a negative control plasma sample from healthy subjects (n=13) was used. Plasma IL-6 levels were measured using the ELISA technique and plasma lymphocyte levels were measured using a hematology analyzer. The results showed that no significant difference between severity and gender was observed (p=0.256). Meanwhile there is a significant difference in IL-6 level between negative control mild-moderate and severe categories (p=0.015). The average IL-6 level in severe categories was higher than mild-moderate and negative control categories with values 105.375 59.75 and 64.577 pg/mL respectively. This result becomes supporting evidence that there is a cytokine storm condition in severe COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the lymphocyte level in the severe group is significantly lower than the mild to moderate group. This result may indicate lymphocytopenia in the severe group.
COVID-19是由攻击人类呼吸系统的SARS-CoV-2感染引起的。在严重的情况下，它会导致肺炎、肾衰竭、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)甚至死亡。SARS-CoV-2感染触发免疫细胞分泌过量的促炎细胞因子，导致细胞因子风暴。这被认为是导致ARDS的机制之一。促炎细胞因子的水平会随着病情的严重程度而有所不同。本研究旨在评估不同严重程度COVID-19患者的促炎细胞因子特征。因此，它可以作为一种治疗细胞因子风暴的方法。这是一项横断面研究，使用了来自印度尼西亚雅加达伊斯兰医院Pondok Kopi和Dr. M. Goenawan Partowidigdo医院的COVID-19患者的血浆样本。本研究纳入重症(n=20)和轻中度(n=25)的COVID-19患者。阴性对照采用健康受试者(n=13)的血浆样本。采用ELISA技术测定血浆IL-6水平，采用血液学分析仪测定血浆淋巴细胞水平。结果显示，严重程度与性别无显著差异(p=0.256)。阴性对照轻、中度、重度组患者IL-6水平差异有统计学意义(p=0.015)。重度组平均IL-6水平高于轻、中度组和阴性对照组，分别为105.375、59.75和64.577 pg/mL。这一结果成为支持COVID-19重症患者存在细胞因子风暴条件的证据。重度组淋巴细胞水平明显低于轻、中度组。此结果可能提示重症组淋巴细胞减少。
{"title":"Pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) and total count lymphocyte profiles in COVID-19 patients with different severity levels","authors":"S. Sari, Wening Tri Mawanti, Dewi Martalena, E. Listiyaningsih, Rizkyana Avissa, Rini Latifah, W. Sukarya","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005303202101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005303202101","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection that attacked the human respiratory system. In severe conditions it causes pneumonia, kidney failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and even death. The SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers the immune cells to secrete an excess of pro-inflammatory cytokines that lead to cytokine storm. It is believed to become one of the mechanisms that cause the ARDS condition. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines will differ with each case severity. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients with different severity. Therefore, it could be used as a therapeutic approach for cytokine storm conditions. It was a cross sectional study using plasma samples of COVID-19 patients from Jakarta Islamic Hospital Pondok Kopi and Dr. M. Goenawan Partowidigdo Hospital Cisarua Indonesia. The COVID-19 patients with severe (n=20) and mild to moderate (n=25) severity were involved in this study. As a negative control plasma sample from healthy subjects (n=13) was used. Plasma IL-6 levels were measured using the ELISA technique and plasma lymphocyte levels were measured using a hematology analyzer. The results showed that no significant difference between severity and gender was observed (p=0.256). Meanwhile there is a significant difference in IL-6 level between negative control mild-moderate and severe categories (p=0.015). The average IL-6 level in severe categories was higher than mild-moderate and negative control categories with values 105.375 59.75 and 64.577 pg/mL respectively. This result becomes supporting evidence that there is a cytokine storm condition in severe COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the lymphocyte level in the severe group is significantly lower than the mild to moderate group. This result may indicate lymphocytopenia in the severe group.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84960541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-14DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202112
Nyoman Suryawati, Made Wardhana
The skin barrier defect is the first step in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). Various therapeutic guidelines recommend using moisturizers to maintain the skin barrier and the prevention of AD. The use of a moisturizer in the form of barrier cream is considered to improve the skin barrier. However, this dosage form is occlusion and has an oily texture, resulting in patient noncompliance with therapy. Various techniques were developed to improve patient compliance in applying topical preparations, one of which is by developing nanotechnology. Recent studies aim to develop nanoformula preparations because they can help deliver drug molecules to specific targets with minimize side effects. The application of nanoformula moisturizer is promising in the management of AD because of its ability to reduce water loss and prevent irritation and produce formulations with a thinner texture to increase therapeutic compliance in AD patients.
{"title":"Innovative approach of nanoformula moisturizer applications in atopic dermatitis: a review","authors":"Nyoman Suryawati, Made Wardhana","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202112","url":null,"abstract":"The skin barrier defect is the first step in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). Various therapeutic guidelines recommend using moisturizers to maintain the skin barrier and the prevention of AD. The use of a moisturizer in the form of barrier cream is considered to improve the skin barrier. However, this dosage form is occlusion and has an oily texture, resulting in patient noncompliance with therapy. Various techniques were developed to improve patient compliance in applying topical preparations, one of which is by developing nanotechnology. Recent studies aim to develop nanoformula preparations because they can help deliver drug molecules to specific targets with minimize side effects. The application of nanoformula moisturizer is promising in the management of AD because of its ability to reduce water loss and prevent irritation and produce formulations with a thinner texture to increase therapeutic compliance in AD patients.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78820606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202104
Tatang Talka Gani, Melvina Nidya Sandra, I. Mahayana, Datu Respatika, H. Hartono
The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of intravenous optic neuritis treatment trial (ONTT) regiment on the treatment ofpatients with acute retrobulbar neuritis.This was a cross sectional studyusing medical records data of patients diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral retrobulbar neuritis by normal funduscopic findings and typical optic neuritis perimetry results within 14 days of onset fromtheNeuro-ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from January to December 2015. Medical records data of patients who received 1000 mg methylprednisolone IV per day for 3 days followed by 11 days 1 mg/kg body weight oral prednisolone were reviewed. Visual acuity (VA) at onset, final VA at time of follow up, delta VA improvement and time of follow up were included in the analyses.Twenty data of patients aged 33.95±8.07 years with VA at onset of 1.96±0.81 (~ 1 mCF) were analyzed in this study. Significantly improvement in final VAafter treatment to be 1.39±1.12 (~5mCF) was reported (p=0.001). The VA at onsetwas a predictive factor for final VA (p 0.05). In conclusion, there is VA improvement after the treatment of ONTT regiment. The VA at onset is a predictive factorof final VA on patients with acute retrobulbar neuritis. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji efektivitas regimen optic neuritis treatment trial (ONTT) intravena pada pengobatan pasien dengan neuritis retrobulbar faseakut. Penelitian potong lintang ini menggunakan rekam medis pasien yang didiagnosis neuritis retrobulbar unilateral atau bilateral dengan temuan funduskopi normal dan hasil perimetri neuritis optik yang khas dalam waktu 14 haris etelah onset dari Klinik Neuro-optamalmologi, Departemen Oftalmologi, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta dari Januari-Desember 2015. Data rekam medis pasien yang menerima1000 mg metilprednisolon IV per haris elama 3 hari diikuti oleh prednisolon oral selama 11 hari dengan dosis 1 mg/kg berat badan dianalisis. Ketajaman visual (VA) saat onset, VA akhir saat tindaklanjut, peningkatan VA, dan waktu tindak lanjut dianalisis. Sebanyak 20 data pasien berumur 33,95 ±8,07 tahun dengan VA saat onset 1,96 ±0,81 (~ 1 mCF) dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Perbaikan VA akhir menjadi 1,39±1,12 (~5mCF) dilaporkan (p=0,001). Ketajaman visual saat onset merupakan factor predictor VA akhir (p 0,05). Dapat disimpulkan, terdapat peningkatan VA pasien setelah pengobatan regimen ONTT. Ketajaman visual saat onset merupakan factor prediktor VA akhir pada pasien dengan neuritis retrobulbar akut.
本研究旨在探讨静脉视神经炎治疗试验(ONTT)团治疗急性球后神经炎的疗效。这是一项横断面研究，使用了2015年1月至12月在日惹Dr. Sardjito总医院眼科欧洲眼科诊所就诊的14天内通过正常眼底检查结果和典型视神经炎周边检查结果诊断为单侧或双侧球后神经炎的患者病历数据。对每日1000mg IV甲基强的松龙治疗3天，随后11天口服1mg /kg体重的强的松龙患者的病历资料进行回顾。分析发病时的视敏度(VA)、随访时的终视敏度(VA)、视敏度(delta VA)改善情况和随访时间。本文分析了20例年龄为33.95±8.07岁的VA患者的资料，发病时为1.96±0.81 (~ 1 mCF)。治疗后的终值为1.39±1.12 (~5mCF)，差异有统计学意义(p=0.001)。发病时VA是最终VA的预测因素(p < 0.05)。综上所述，ONTT组治疗后VA有改善。急性球后神经炎患者发病时VA是最终VA的预测因素。摘要/ abstract摘要:Penelitian inibertujuan mengkaji有效治疗方案视神经炎治疗试验(ONTT):静脉注射Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji有效治疗方案视神经炎。Penelitian potong lintang ini menggunakan rekam medis pasien yang诊断神经炎球后单侧atau双侧dengan teman funduskopi正常danhasil周围神经炎optik yang khas dalam waktu 14 hari etelah发作dari Klinik神经系统疾病，神经内科，Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat博士，日惹2015年1月至12月。数据分析:每日口服甲替尼松龙1 mg/kg;每日口服甲替尼松龙1 mg/kg;每日口服甲替尼松龙3 mg/kg;每日口服甲替尼松龙1 mg/kg;Ketajaman visual (VA) at onset, VA akhir saat tindaklanjut, peningkatan VA, dan waktu tindaklanjut dianalt。Sebanyak 20例数据显示:1、96±0.81 (~ 1 mCF)的起始值为33,95±8,07。Perbaikan VA akhir menjadi 1,39±1,12 (~5mCF) (p=0,001)。Ketajaman视力障碍的发作与merupakan因子预测因子的相关性(p < 0.05)。Dapat disimpulse, terdapat peningkatan VA pasien setelah pengobatan养生法ONTT。ktajaman视炎发作的merupakan因子预测因子VA的研究进展。
{"title":"The predictor factor of final visual acuity (VA) of acute retrobulbar neuritis patients receiving optic neuritis treatment trial (ONTT) regiment","authors":"Tatang Talka Gani, Melvina Nidya Sandra, I. Mahayana, Datu Respatika, H. Hartono","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202104","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of intravenous optic neuritis treatment trial (ONTT) regiment on the treatment ofpatients with acute retrobulbar neuritis.This was a cross sectional studyusing medical records data of patients diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral retrobulbar neuritis by normal funduscopic findings and typical optic neuritis perimetry results within 14 days of onset fromtheNeuro-ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from January to December 2015. Medical records data of patients who received 1000 mg methylprednisolone IV per day for 3 days followed by 11 days 1 mg/kg body weight oral prednisolone were reviewed. Visual acuity (VA) at onset, final VA at time of follow up, delta VA improvement and time of follow up were included in the analyses.Twenty data of patients aged 33.95±8.07 years with VA at onset of 1.96±0.81 (~ 1 mCF) were analyzed in this study. Significantly improvement in final VAafter treatment to be 1.39±1.12 (~5mCF) was reported (p=0.001). The VA at onsetwas a predictive factor for final VA (p 0.05). In conclusion, there is VA improvement after the treatment of ONTT regiment. The VA at onset is a predictive factorof final VA on patients with acute retrobulbar neuritis. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji efektivitas regimen optic neuritis treatment trial (ONTT) intravena pada pengobatan pasien dengan neuritis retrobulbar faseakut. Penelitian potong lintang ini menggunakan rekam medis pasien yang didiagnosis neuritis retrobulbar unilateral atau bilateral dengan temuan funduskopi normal dan hasil perimetri neuritis optik yang khas dalam waktu 14 haris etelah onset dari Klinik Neuro-optamalmologi, Departemen Oftalmologi, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta dari Januari-Desember 2015. Data rekam medis pasien yang menerima1000 mg metilprednisolon IV per haris elama 3 hari diikuti oleh prednisolon oral selama 11 hari dengan dosis 1 mg/kg berat badan dianalisis. Ketajaman visual (VA) saat onset, VA akhir saat tindaklanjut, peningkatan VA, dan waktu tindak lanjut dianalisis. Sebanyak 20 data pasien berumur 33,95 ±8,07 tahun dengan VA saat onset 1,96 ±0,81 (~ 1 mCF) dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Perbaikan VA akhir menjadi 1,39±1,12 (~5mCF) dilaporkan (p=0,001). Ketajaman visual saat onset merupakan factor predictor VA akhir (p 0,05). Dapat disimpulkan, terdapat peningkatan VA pasien setelah pengobatan regimen ONTT. Ketajaman visual saat onset merupakan factor prediktor VA akhir pada pasien dengan neuritis retrobulbar akut.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87753614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202109
Fahriana Azmi, E. H. Murhandarwati, M. A. Wijayanti
Children with disabilities are excluded from many aspects of life. Unfortunately, they have an increased risk of infection from many kinds of pathogens including intestinal protozoan. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections and to evaluate the associated factors among children with disabilities in Bantul District, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted at school with special needs between June-December, 2019. A total of 150 participants were recruited through simple random sampling. Stool samples were examined microscopically by formalin-ether concentration and Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. Age was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney tests, while the other variables used chi-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with intestinal protozoan infections. The adjusted prevalence ratio with a 95% confidence interval at a 5% level of significance was used to measure the strength of association. Overall, there were 15 children infected by intestinal protozoan among 130 subjects with mean age of participants of 9.83 ± 3.1 years. The intestinal protozoan species were Entamoeba histolytica 7 (5.38%), Giardia lamblia 4 (3.08%), Blastocystis hominis 7 (5.38%) and Iodamoeba butschlii 1 (0.77%). Prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection among children with disabilities in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Special Region was 11.54%. There were no significant correlations between the risk factors and intestinal protozoan infection among children with disabilities (p>0.05).
{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoan infection among child students with disabilities in Bantul District, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia","authors":"Fahriana Azmi, E. H. Murhandarwati, M. A. Wijayanti","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202109","url":null,"abstract":"Children with disabilities are excluded from many aspects of life. Unfortunately, they have an increased risk of infection from many kinds of pathogens including intestinal protozoan. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections and to evaluate the associated factors among children with disabilities in Bantul District, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted at school with special needs between June-December, 2019. A total of 150 participants were recruited through simple random sampling. Stool samples were examined microscopically by formalin-ether concentration and Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. Age was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney tests, while the other variables used chi-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with intestinal protozoan infections. The adjusted prevalence ratio with a 95% confidence interval at a 5% level of significance was used to measure the strength of association. Overall, there were 15 children infected by intestinal protozoan among 130 subjects with mean age of participants of 9.83 ± 3.1 years. The intestinal protozoan species were Entamoeba histolytica 7 (5.38%), Giardia lamblia 4 (3.08%), Blastocystis hominis 7 (5.38%) and Iodamoeba butschlii 1 (0.77%). Prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection among children with disabilities in Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Special Region was 11.54%. There were no significant correlations between the risk factors and intestinal protozoan infection among children with disabilities (p>0.05).","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82215329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-04DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202110
R. Chandra, N. Z. Lubis
Tinea capitis is a superficial fungal infection of scalp that affects particularly school-aged children. It is usually caused by dermatophytes, although Epidermophyton floccosum can cause the tinea capitis. Tinea capitis caused by the E. floccosum is quite interesting because it can confirm the sporadic occurrence of hair parasitism by this dermatophyte. In this article, it was reported tinea capitis caused by E. floccosum. A 15-year-old girl, presented with itchy scaly alopecia on scalp since 1 week ago. The patient denied any contact with cat or dog, and there was not any family history. On physical examinations, lymphadenopathies were found at both lateral neck and alopecia with scales and crusts, lenticular to nummular sizes, at scalp. Hair-pull test was positive. The trichoscopy examination found comma hairs, broken hairs, and black dots. The fungal culture examination discovered the growth of E. floccosum. The patient was diagnosed with tinea capitis and treated with 500 mg of griseofulvin orally, 10 mg of cetirizine orally, and 2% of ketoconazole shampoo. Epidermophyton floccosum is an anthropophilic dermatophyte that frequently causes tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea corporis and onychomycosis, but not tinea capitis. Several reports have showed the capability of E. floccosum in perforating hairs and causing tinea capitis. In conclusion, E. floccosum is a possible aethiological agent of tinea capitis through its ability to perforate hairs.
{"title":"Epidermophyton floccosum as apossible aethiological agent of tinea capitis: a case report","authors":"R. Chandra, N. Z. Lubis","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202110","url":null,"abstract":"Tinea capitis is a superficial fungal infection of scalp that affects particularly school-aged children. It is usually caused by dermatophytes, although Epidermophyton floccosum can cause the tinea capitis. Tinea capitis caused by the E. floccosum is quite interesting because it can confirm the sporadic occurrence of hair parasitism by this dermatophyte. In this article, it was reported tinea capitis caused by E. floccosum. A 15-year-old girl, presented with itchy scaly alopecia on scalp since 1 week ago. The patient denied any contact with cat or dog, and there was not any family history. On physical examinations, lymphadenopathies were found at both lateral neck and alopecia with scales and crusts, lenticular to nummular sizes, at scalp. Hair-pull test was positive. The trichoscopy examination found comma hairs, broken hairs, and black dots. The fungal culture examination discovered the growth of E. floccosum. The patient was diagnosed with tinea capitis and treated with 500 mg of griseofulvin orally, 10 mg of cetirizine orally, and 2% of ketoconazole shampoo. Epidermophyton floccosum is an anthropophilic dermatophyte that frequently causes tinea cruris, tinea pedis, tinea corporis and onychomycosis, but not tinea capitis. Several reports have showed the capability of E. floccosum in perforating hairs and causing tinea capitis. In conclusion, E. floccosum is a possible aethiological agent of tinea capitis through its ability to perforate hairs.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80468738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202107
Luthfi Hidayat, A. F. R. Triangga, Muhamad Afrizal Farkhan, B. F. P. Rahayu, R. Magetsari
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is the most common knee ligament injured. Anterior drawer and Lachman tests are the most common physical examinations for helping diagnose ACL injuries, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the first choice of supporting examination for evaluating any internal abnormality of the knee. However, studies concerning the accuracy of those examinations in the Indonesian population are limited. This study aimed to compare the accuracy between the anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and MRI in diagnosing ACL injury in Javanese patients. This retrospective study used medical records data of patients who underwent knee arthroscopy in the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta in 2018. The MRI and the clinical examination results were compared to the arthroscopy results as the gold standard. The study showed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy for the anterior drawer test were 86.67% (95%CI: 69.28-96.24%), 80% (CI: 44.39-97.48%), 92.86% (CI: 78.88-97.84), 66.67% (CI: 43.28-83.98%), and 85% (CI: 70.16-94.29%), respectively. Lachman test had 96.67% (CI: 82.78-99.92%) sensitivity, 90% (CI: 55.50-99.75%) specificity, 96.67% (CI: 81.86-99.47%) PPV, 90% (CI: 56.44-98.43%) NPV, and 95% (CI: 83.08-99.39%) accuracy. The diagnostic parameters of MRI were 83.33% (CI: 65.28-94.36%) for sensitivity, 60% (CI: 26.24-87.84%) for specificity, 86.21% (CI: 74.21-93.14%) for PPV, 54.55% (CI: 31.77-75.57%) for NPV, and 77.50% (CI: 61.55-89.16%) for accuracy. In conclusion, the Lachman test has better accuracy than the anterior drawer test. Both the anterior drawer and Lachman tests had higher accuracy compared to the MRI.
{"title":"Comparison of diagnostic accuracy between clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture on Indonesian population","authors":"Luthfi Hidayat, A. F. R. Triangga, Muhamad Afrizal Farkhan, B. F. P. Rahayu, R. Magetsari","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202107","url":null,"abstract":"Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is the most common knee ligament injured. Anterior drawer and Lachman tests are the most common physical examinations for helping diagnose ACL injuries, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the first choice of supporting examination for evaluating any internal abnormality of the knee. However, studies concerning the accuracy of those examinations in the Indonesian population are limited. This study aimed to compare the accuracy between the anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and MRI in diagnosing ACL injury in Javanese patients. This retrospective study used medical records data of patients who underwent knee arthroscopy in the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta in 2018. The MRI and the clinical examination results were compared to the arthroscopy results as the gold standard. The study showed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy for the anterior drawer test were 86.67% (95%CI: 69.28-96.24%), 80% (CI: 44.39-97.48%), 92.86% (CI: 78.88-97.84), 66.67% (CI: 43.28-83.98%), and 85% (CI: 70.16-94.29%), respectively. Lachman test had 96.67% (CI: 82.78-99.92%) sensitivity, 90% (CI: 55.50-99.75%) specificity, 96.67% (CI: 81.86-99.47%) PPV, 90% (CI: 56.44-98.43%) NPV, and 95% (CI: 83.08-99.39%) accuracy. The diagnostic parameters of MRI were 83.33% (CI: 65.28-94.36%) for sensitivity, 60% (CI: 26.24-87.84%) for specificity, 86.21% (CI: 74.21-93.14%) for PPV, 54.55% (CI: 31.77-75.57%) for NPV, and 77.50% (CI: 61.55-89.16%) for accuracy. In conclusion, the Lachman test has better accuracy than the anterior drawer test. Both the anterior drawer and Lachman tests had higher accuracy compared to the MRI.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76945077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202108
Maria Seraphine Agusta, N. Ariani, C. Setiawan
Malaria remains a health problem in Indonesia including in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) Province where its incidence is high. Weoe Public Health Center located in Malaka District, ENT Province has an important role as the front-line in the malaria control. The high number of malaria cases in this area may induce an economic burden due to unproductiveness at workplaces even death. This study aimed to overview the distribution and clinical characteristics of malaria patients in Weoe Public Public Health Center, Malaka District. This was a descriptive cross sectional study with saturated sampling method using secondary data of patient’s medical record from January-December 2019. Malaria patients treated at the Weoe Public Health Center from eight villages were selected in this study. The data of the time of ill, patient’s residence, gender, age, complaints, temperature, type of malaria, therapy, treatment results, and follow up blood smear tests result were collected. Among 815 patients suspected malaria, 198 (24.3%) were confirmed malaria positive caused by Plasmodium falciparum (41.4%) and P. vivax (58.6%). The highest cases occurred in February which reached 36.4% of the total cases. The highest incidence of malaria was found in Weoe Village (2.33%), dominated by male patients (57.6%), and mostly occurred at age 6-12 years (29.3%). Patients presented with fever (100%) followed by non-classical malaria complaints such as nausea and vomiting (46%), headache (33%), chills (30.8%), and flu symptoms (14.1%). All malaria patients were treated with combination of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) and primaquine (PQ) with a 100% cure rate and follow up blood smear test are negative from malaria parasite.
{"title":"Distribution and clinical characteristic of malaria patients in Weoe Public Health Center, Malaka District, East Nusa Tenggara in 2019","authors":"Maria Seraphine Agusta, N. Ariani, C. Setiawan","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202108","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria remains a health problem in Indonesia including in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) Province where its incidence is high. Weoe Public Health Center located in Malaka District, ENT Province has an important role as the front-line in the malaria control. The high number of malaria cases in this area may induce an economic burden due to unproductiveness at workplaces even death. This study aimed to overview the distribution and clinical characteristics of malaria patients in Weoe Public Public Health Center, Malaka District. This was a descriptive cross sectional study with saturated sampling method using secondary data of patient’s medical record from January-December 2019. Malaria patients treated at the Weoe Public Health Center from eight villages were selected in this study. The data of the time of ill, patient’s residence, gender, age, complaints, temperature, type of malaria, therapy, treatment results, and follow up blood smear tests result were collected. Among 815 patients suspected malaria, 198 (24.3%) were confirmed malaria positive caused by Plasmodium falciparum (41.4%) and P. vivax (58.6%). The highest cases occurred in February which reached 36.4% of the total cases. The highest incidence of malaria was found in Weoe Village (2.33%), dominated by male patients (57.6%), and mostly occurred at age 6-12 years (29.3%). Patients presented with fever (100%) followed by non-classical malaria complaints such as nausea and vomiting (46%), headache (33%), chills (30.8%), and flu symptoms (14.1%). All malaria patients were treated with combination of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) and primaquine (PQ) with a 100% cure rate and follow up blood smear test are negative from malaria parasite.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91331409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-24DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202102
Hemi Sinorita, L. B. Purnomo, R. B. Pramono
Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Telmisartan and valsartan are angiotensin II type I receptor blockers (ARBs) that are often used in patients with metabolic syndrome and T2DM. This study aimed to compare the effect of valsartan and telmisartan in reducing insulin resistance on T2DM with hypertension. Patients of T2DM were open-label screened at the Endocrinology Policlinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, and then randomized into two groups. The first group received valsartan 80 mg per day up to 160 mg per day, the second group received telmisartan 40 mg per day up to 80 mg per day in addition with life-style modifying and diabetes therapy. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels of patients were measured before and after receiving telmisartan and valsartan for 12 weeks. A total of forty-nine outpatients were involved in this study comprised of 25 female patients (51%) and 24 male patients (49%) with 27 patients (55.1%) received telmisartan and 22 patients (44.9%) received valsartan as the hypertension therapy. No significantl difference were observed between telmisartan group compared with valsartan group in HOMA-IR (14.01 ± 16.39 vs. 5.31 ± 3.51; p=0.053), triglyceride levels (165.71 ± 94.70 vs 144.41 ± 48.33 mg/dL; p=0.620), HDL-C level (48.57 ± 9.78 vs 49.24 vs 49.24 ± 12.56 mg/dL; p=0.999). In conclusion, telmisartan demonstrated no difference compared to valsartan in reducing insulin resistance on T2DM patients with hypertension.
胰岛素抵抗是2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的主要危险因素。替米沙坦和缬沙坦是血管紧张素II型受体阻滞剂(arb)，常用于代谢综合征和T2DM患者。本研究旨在比较缬沙坦和替米沙坦降低T2DM合并高血压患者胰岛素抵抗的效果。2型糖尿病患者在日惹Sardjito总医院内科内分泌科进行开放标签筛查，然后随机分为两组。第一组接受缬沙坦80毫克/天至160毫克/天，第二组接受替米沙坦40毫克/天至80毫克/天，此外还有生活方式改变和糖尿病治疗。在替米沙坦和缬沙坦治疗12周前后，测量患者胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的稳态模型评估。本研究共纳入49例门诊患者，其中女性25例(51%)，男性24例(49%)，其中27例(55.1%)患者接受替米沙坦治疗，22例(44.9%)患者接受缬沙坦治疗。替米沙坦组与缬沙坦组HOMA-IR无显著差异(14.01±16.39∶5.31±3.51;p=0.053)，甘油三酯水平(165.71±94.70 vs 144.41±48.33 mg/dL;p=0.620)， HDL-C水平(48.57±9.78 vs 49.24 vs 49.24±12.56 mg/dL;p = 0.999)。总之，替米沙坦与缬沙坦在降低T2DM合并高血压患者胰岛素抵抗方面无差异。
{"title":"Effects of valsartan compared with telmisartan in reducing insulin resistance on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with hypertension","authors":"Hemi Sinorita, L. B. Purnomo, R. B. Pramono","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202102","url":null,"abstract":"Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Telmisartan and valsartan are angiotensin II type I receptor blockers (ARBs) that are often used in patients with metabolic syndrome and T2DM. This study aimed to compare the effect of valsartan and telmisartan in reducing insulin resistance on T2DM with hypertension. Patients of T2DM were open-label screened at the Endocrinology Policlinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, and then randomized into two groups. The first group received valsartan 80 mg per day up to 160 mg per day, the second group received telmisartan 40 mg per day up to 80 mg per day in addition with life-style modifying and diabetes therapy. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels of patients were measured before and after receiving telmisartan and valsartan for 12 weeks. A total of forty-nine outpatients were involved in this study comprised of 25 female patients (51%) and 24 male patients (49%) with 27 patients (55.1%) received telmisartan and 22 patients (44.9%) received valsartan as the hypertension therapy. No significantl difference were observed between telmisartan group compared with valsartan group in HOMA-IR (14.01 ± 16.39 vs. 5.31 ± 3.51; p=0.053), triglyceride levels (165.71 ± 94.70 vs 144.41 ± 48.33 mg/dL; p=0.620), HDL-C level (48.57 ± 9.78 vs 49.24 vs 49.24 ± 12.56 mg/dL; p=0.999). In conclusion, telmisartan demonstrated no difference compared to valsartan in reducing insulin resistance on T2DM patients with hypertension.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85721729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-24DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202101
Fikar Arsyad Hakim, Y. Putro, Y. M. Sakti, R. Magetsari, I. Widodo, E. Dwianingsih
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is associated with malignancy progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis in many malignancies, including osteosarcoma. However, studies concerning correlations between VEGF expression and histopathological prognostic factors ofosteosarcoma are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between VEGF expression and histopathological findings in osteosarcoma’spatients.This was a cross-sectional study using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples of 32 osteosarcoma’s patients from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Histopathological findings of specimens were re-evaluated by two independent observers, recorded for the subtypes, invasiveness, grading, mitotic counts, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Expression of VEGF was determined based on immunostaining and evaluated using immunoreactivity score (IRS).Chi-square and Spearman correlation test were used to analyze the association between variables. Range of VEGF expression score was 0 to 11, with mean 5.09. Significant negative correlation between the VEGF expression and TIL was observed (p=0.046). However, there was no significant correlations between the VEGF expression and osteosarcomas subtypes, invasion, grading or mitotic counts (p> 0.05). In conclusion, the VEGF expression is associated with TIL. Further study is needed to evaluate the roles of VEGF and lymphocytes in osteosarcoma development dan progression in order to better understand of the role of VEGF in immunotherapy of osteosarcoma.
{"title":"Correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression with histopathological findings in osteosarcoma","authors":"Fikar Arsyad Hakim, Y. Putro, Y. M. Sakti, R. Magetsari, I. Widodo, E. Dwianingsih","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202101","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is associated with malignancy progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis in many malignancies, including osteosarcoma. However, studies concerning correlations between VEGF expression and histopathological prognostic factors ofosteosarcoma are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between VEGF expression and histopathological findings in osteosarcoma’spatients.This was a cross-sectional study using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples of 32 osteosarcoma’s patients from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Histopathological findings of specimens were re-evaluated by two independent observers, recorded for the subtypes, invasiveness, grading, mitotic counts, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Expression of VEGF was determined based on immunostaining and evaluated using immunoreactivity score (IRS).Chi-square and Spearman correlation test were used to analyze the association between variables. Range of VEGF expression score was 0 to 11, with mean 5.09. Significant negative correlation between the VEGF expression and TIL was observed (p=0.046). However, there was no significant correlations between the VEGF expression and osteosarcomas subtypes, invasion, grading or mitotic counts (p> 0.05). In conclusion, the VEGF expression is associated with TIL. Further study is needed to evaluate the roles of VEGF and lymphocytes in osteosarcoma development dan progression in order to better understand of the role of VEGF in immunotherapy of osteosarcoma.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78835308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-23DOI: 10.19106/jmedsci005302202103
Andi Sinapati Palissei, Ahmadwirawan Ahmadwirawan, M. Faruk
Hirschsprung’s disease (HD), or congenital megacolon, is a disease characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric (Auerbach’s) and submucosal (Meissner’s) plexuses of the intestine, causing maximum obstruction in neonates. The purpose of this study was to investigate patient characteristics, clinical presentation, investigations, surgical treatment, and outcome. This study is a retrospective study of HD cases. Data obtained from medical records at the institution. Of the 109 with a positive rectal biopsy diagnosis, 91 were patients with this disease. There were more cases in boys than girls with a ratio of 1.37: 1. The patients were grouped into 4 age groups: neonates 29 cases (26.61%); infants/toddlers/young children 55 cases (50.46%); children over 5 years16 cases (14.69%); and teenagers 9 cases (8.24%). The neonates generally presented with abdominal distension, green vomiting, and a history of delayed meconium release, while the toddler, child, and adolescent groups experienced constipation and abdominal distension. Furthermore, from 37 patients (33.94%) that got barium enema examination, the most common transition zone was observed in the rectosigmoid (17 patients, or 45.9%). In addition, The Duhamel procedure was the most frequent pull-through procedure found in our cohort which was performed in 40 patients (36.70%). In conclusion, HD is mostly found in male infants/toddlers/young children with abdominal distention and chronic constipation as common symptoms. The barium enema shows the rectosigmoid as the most common transition zone, while the Duhamel pull-through procedure is the primary definitive operative action performed.
{"title":"Hirschsprung’s disease: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment in a retrospective hospital-based study","authors":"Andi Sinapati Palissei, Ahmadwirawan Ahmadwirawan, M. Faruk","doi":"10.19106/jmedsci005302202103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedsci005302202103","url":null,"abstract":"Hirschsprung’s disease (HD), or congenital megacolon, is a disease characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric (Auerbach’s) and submucosal (Meissner’s) plexuses of the intestine, causing maximum obstruction in neonates. The purpose of this study was to investigate patient characteristics, clinical presentation, investigations, surgical treatment, and outcome. This study is a retrospective study of HD cases. Data obtained from medical records at the institution. Of the 109 with a positive rectal biopsy diagnosis, 91 were patients with this disease. There were more cases in boys than girls with a ratio of 1.37: 1. The patients were grouped into 4 age groups: neonates 29 cases (26.61%); infants/toddlers/young children 55 cases (50.46%); children over 5 years16 cases (14.69%); and teenagers 9 cases (8.24%). The neonates generally presented with abdominal distension, green vomiting, and a history of delayed meconium release, while the toddler, child, and adolescent groups experienced constipation and abdominal distension. Furthermore, from 37 patients (33.94%) that got barium enema examination, the most common transition zone was observed in the rectosigmoid (17 patients, or 45.9%). In addition, The Duhamel procedure was the most frequent pull-through procedure found in our cohort which was performed in 40 patients (36.70%). In conclusion, HD is mostly found in male infants/toddlers/young children with abdominal distention and chronic constipation as common symptoms. The barium enema shows the rectosigmoid as the most common transition zone, while the Duhamel pull-through procedure is the primary definitive operative action performed.","PeriodicalId":17474,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76299950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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