Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2198999
K. Tanoue, N. Umehara, M. Fujita, Y. Ninomiya
Abstract If the high melting point oxides added to the bamboo powder, the ash adhesion on the metal mesh during combustion was counterproductive in some cases, but effective in others. For SiO2 addition, although the shrinkage temperature (SHT) and part fusion temperature (PFT) were higher than that for only bamboo combustion due to the formed KAlSiO4 whose melting temperature was 1750 °C, the amount of ash on the metal mesh decreased in some cases or increased in others with the additive mass percentage of SiO2. Because there was the ratio distribution of K2O to SiO2 in the bamboo ash which decided the minimum melting point, the amount of adhered ash had a large variation. For CaO addition, although the SHT and PFT were higher than that for only bamboo combustion, whether ash deposition was enhanced or reduced could be determined by the distribution of char present in the combusted ash, resulting in the adhesion on the Inconel mesh. Because the ash for only bamboo combustion had 13.6% char, not only CaCO3 but also Ca(OH)2 with a lower melting point than that of CaO were formed during combustion. On the other hand, for MgO powder addition, as the ash formed that could be adhered by MgO particles was fluffy, the adhesion mass decreased with the additive mass percentage. Then all fusion temperatures of SHT, PFT, and the full fusion temperature (FFT) for MgO addition were higher than that for only bamboo combustion.
{"title":"Influence of inorganic additives on ash adhesion to a metal mesh during bamboo powder combustion","authors":"K. Tanoue, N. Umehara, M. Fujita, Y. Ninomiya","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2198999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2198999","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract If the high melting point oxides added to the bamboo powder, the ash adhesion on the metal mesh during combustion was counterproductive in some cases, but effective in others. For SiO2 addition, although the shrinkage temperature (SHT) and part fusion temperature (PFT) were higher than that for only bamboo combustion due to the formed KAlSiO4 whose melting temperature was 1750 °C, the amount of ash on the metal mesh decreased in some cases or increased in others with the additive mass percentage of SiO2. Because there was the ratio distribution of K2O to SiO2 in the bamboo ash which decided the minimum melting point, the amount of adhered ash had a large variation. For CaO addition, although the SHT and PFT were higher than that for only bamboo combustion, whether ash deposition was enhanced or reduced could be determined by the distribution of char present in the combusted ash, resulting in the adhesion on the Inconel mesh. Because the ash for only bamboo combustion had 13.6% char, not only CaCO3 but also Ca(OH)2 with a lower melting point than that of CaO were formed during combustion. On the other hand, for MgO powder addition, as the ash formed that could be adhered by MgO particles was fluffy, the adhesion mass decreased with the additive mass percentage. Then all fusion temperatures of SHT, PFT, and the full fusion temperature (FFT) for MgO addition were higher than that for only bamboo combustion.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"138 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42585646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2198502
Yuko Ono, M. Takeuchi, Akira Isogai
Abstract It is necessary to delignify wood samples and treat them with ethylene diamine (EDA) before they are dissolved in 8% (w/v) lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) prior to size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis. In the present study, the effects of delignifying birch wood powder 0–3 times with NaClO2 and subsequently treating it with EDA on its solubility in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc and its SEC data. The neutral sugar composition of the birch powder was almost unaffected by either delignification or treatment with EDA. Treatment of the birch powder with EDA resulted in 28% solubilities in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc. Approximately 11% of cellulose molecules in the birch wood powder was dissolved, and detected as a high-molar-mass (HMM) fraction in the SEC elution pattern. Each single delignification treatment increased the solubility in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc to 68–74% after EDA treatment. Based on the glucose contents of the delignified samples, almost all cellulose molecules in the delignified samples were dissolved in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc after EDA treatment, and detected as the HMM fractions in the SEC elution patterns. The HMM cellulose molecules in the EDA-treated birch powder had linear random-coil conformations in 1% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc. However, the SEC data suggest that there probably were some chemical linkages between the HMM cellulose molecules and lignin or NaClO2-treated lignin fragments in the HMM fractions.
{"title":"Changes in chemical structures and molar mass parameters of birch wood powder by ethylene diamine treatment","authors":"Yuko Ono, M. Takeuchi, Akira Isogai","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2198502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2198502","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is necessary to delignify wood samples and treat them with ethylene diamine (EDA) before they are dissolved in 8% (w/v) lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) prior to size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis. In the present study, the effects of delignifying birch wood powder 0–3 times with NaClO2 and subsequently treating it with EDA on its solubility in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc and its SEC data. The neutral sugar composition of the birch powder was almost unaffected by either delignification or treatment with EDA. Treatment of the birch powder with EDA resulted in 28% solubilities in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc. Approximately 11% of cellulose molecules in the birch wood powder was dissolved, and detected as a high-molar-mass (HMM) fraction in the SEC elution pattern. Each single delignification treatment increased the solubility in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc to 68–74% after EDA treatment. Based on the glucose contents of the delignified samples, almost all cellulose molecules in the delignified samples were dissolved in 8% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc after EDA treatment, and detected as the HMM fractions in the SEC elution patterns. The HMM cellulose molecules in the EDA-treated birch powder had linear random-coil conformations in 1% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc. However, the SEC data suggest that there probably were some chemical linkages between the HMM cellulose molecules and lignin or NaClO2-treated lignin fragments in the HMM fractions.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"129 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46527572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2190594
S. Gea, Rumondang Bulan, E. Zaidar, A. Piliang, Noni Oktari, S. Rahayu, Y. A. Hutapea, R. M. Sari
Abstract Ultrasonic pretreatment could improve the accessibility of enzymes to cellulosic fibers, hence expanding the access of enzymes to effectively remove ink from paper. In this study, enzymes were isolated from paddy rice husks and utilized for biodeinking process. The characterizations of deinking from the pulp filtrate and paper samples were carried out to understand the effect of bacterial cellulases and ultrasonic pretreatment with time variables. The results showed that cellulases from bacterial isolates had the ability to hydrolyze cellulose at 1.78 U/mL enzyme activity. Ink content measurement showed 2310 ppm of ink was removed in the paper samples with 15 min of ultrasound pretreatment and 2% cellulases. Meanwhile, morphological analysis showed significant differences in the surface areas between treated and untreated paper samples. The highest crystallinity index achieved was 70.9%, and thermal resistance was 21.0%. Other paper qualities such as stain decrease, and brightness level improvement were observed. The combination of 2% cellulases with optimum ultrasonication duration resulted in exceptional wastepaper recycling process.
{"title":"Ultrasound pretreatment and enzymatic deinking by using bacterial cellulases from rice husk","authors":"S. Gea, Rumondang Bulan, E. Zaidar, A. Piliang, Noni Oktari, S. Rahayu, Y. A. Hutapea, R. M. Sari","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2190594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2190594","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ultrasonic pretreatment could improve the accessibility of enzymes to cellulosic fibers, hence expanding the access of enzymes to effectively remove ink from paper. In this study, enzymes were isolated from paddy rice husks and utilized for biodeinking process. The characterizations of deinking from the pulp filtrate and paper samples were carried out to understand the effect of bacterial cellulases and ultrasonic pretreatment with time variables. The results showed that cellulases from bacterial isolates had the ability to hydrolyze cellulose at 1.78 U/mL enzyme activity. Ink content measurement showed 2310 ppm of ink was removed in the paper samples with 15 min of ultrasound pretreatment and 2% cellulases. Meanwhile, morphological analysis showed significant differences in the surface areas between treated and untreated paper samples. The highest crystallinity index achieved was 70.9%, and thermal resistance was 21.0%. Other paper qualities such as stain decrease, and brightness level improvement were observed. The combination of 2% cellulases with optimum ultrasonication duration resulted in exceptional wastepaper recycling process.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"117 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45530554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2187062
Liang Zheng, Huimei Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Y. Liu, Zhong Liu, Shoujuan Wang, Yao-Tung Lin
Abstract A mesoporous porous carbon (PC-KOH + Urea) with ultra-high specific surface area (SSA) was prepared from steam exploded poplar through urea-assisted KOH activation. The obtained PC-KOH + Urea had an ultra-high SSA of 3316 m2 g−1 and a total pore volume (VT) of 1.96 cm3 g−1, much higher than that of PC-KOH and PC-Urea, produced by KOH and urea activation alone, respectively. Meanwhile, PC-KOH + Urea possessed extremely high mesopores surface area (Smeso) (2183 m2 g−1) and mesopore volume (Vmeso) (1.46 cm3 g−1). In addition, urea can also serve as nitrogen source to dope nitrogen into PC-KOH + Urea, resulting in nitrogen content of 3.29%. To study the effects of urea on pore-forming, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and thermogravimetric infrared technology (TG-IR) were adopted. It can be assumed that the ultra-high SSA of PC-KOH + Urea was mainly attributed to the reactions between pyrolysis products of urea and carbon. With ultra-high SSA, mesopore-dominated structure, and nitrogen doping, PC-KOH + Urea exhibited a high specific capacitance of 335.3 F g−1 at current density of 0.5 A g−1 in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. In cyclic stability measurement, the capacitance retentions of PC-KOH + Urea were 99.6% after 4000 cycles. Thus, urea-assisted KOH activation was a feasible method to produce porous carbon with excellent performance.
摘要一种介孔多孔炭（PC-KOH + 以杨树为原料，采用尿素辅助KOH活化制备了具有超高比表面积（SSA）的尿素。得到的PC-KOH + 尿素具有3316的超高SSA m2 g−1，总孔隙体积（VT）为1.96 cm3 g−1，远高于单独由KOH和尿素活化产生的PC-KOH和PC尿素。同时，PC-KOH + 尿素具有极高的中孔表面积（Smeso）（2183 m2 g−1）和中孔体积（Vmeso）（1.46 cm3 g−1）。此外，尿素还可以作为氮源将氮掺杂到PC-KOH中 + 采用热重分析（TG）和热重红外技术（TG-IR）研究了尿素对成孔的影响。可以假设PC-KOH的超高SSA + 尿素主要归因于尿素热解产物与碳之间的反应。具有超高SSA、中孔主导结构和氮掺杂，PC-KOH + 尿素表现出335.3的高比电容 F 电流密度为0.5时的g−1 A g−1/6 M KOH水性电解质。在循环稳定性测量中，PC-KOH的电容保持率 + 尿素在4000次循环后为99.6%。因此，尿素辅助KOH活化是制备性能优异的多孔炭的可行方法。
{"title":"Synthesis of mesopore-dominated porous carbon with ultra-high surface area via urea-assisted KOH activation","authors":"Liang Zheng, Huimei Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Y. Liu, Zhong Liu, Shoujuan Wang, Yao-Tung Lin","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2187062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2187062","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A mesoporous porous carbon (PC-KOH + Urea) with ultra-high specific surface area (SSA) was prepared from steam exploded poplar through urea-assisted KOH activation. The obtained PC-KOH + Urea had an ultra-high SSA of 3316 m2 g−1 and a total pore volume (VT) of 1.96 cm3 g−1, much higher than that of PC-KOH and PC-Urea, produced by KOH and urea activation alone, respectively. Meanwhile, PC-KOH + Urea possessed extremely high mesopores surface area (Smeso) (2183 m2 g−1) and mesopore volume (Vmeso) (1.46 cm3 g−1). In addition, urea can also serve as nitrogen source to dope nitrogen into PC-KOH + Urea, resulting in nitrogen content of 3.29%. To study the effects of urea on pore-forming, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and thermogravimetric infrared technology (TG-IR) were adopted. It can be assumed that the ultra-high SSA of PC-KOH + Urea was mainly attributed to the reactions between pyrolysis products of urea and carbon. With ultra-high SSA, mesopore-dominated structure, and nitrogen doping, PC-KOH + Urea exhibited a high specific capacitance of 335.3 F g−1 at current density of 0.5 A g−1 in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. In cyclic stability measurement, the capacitance retentions of PC-KOH + Urea were 99.6% after 4000 cycles. Thus, urea-assisted KOH activation was a feasible method to produce porous carbon with excellent performance.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"78 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45542115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2183968
T. Komatsu, Kazutaka Yamauchi, T. Yokoyama
Abstract This study aimed to quantitatively examine how the addition of a strong or weak nucleophile (1.0 mol/L) to a soda cooking treatment (1.0 mol/L NaOH) at 150 °C affects the disappearance and condensation reactions of a simple phenolic lignin model compound, vanillyl alcohol (Va). All the observed phenomena could basically be attributed to the adduct formation of each reagent with the quinone methide intermediate derived from Va (QMVa) and the stabilization of the adduct. The adduct is irreversibly stabilized to be its conjugate base when the reagent was MeNH2 or Me2NH, resulting in the accumulation of the adduct and consequent consumption of QMVa without the reformation of Va from QMVa and condensation reactions of Va with QMVa. The adduct is not stabilized to be its conjugate base and reproduce QMVa when the reagent was Me3N, CO3 2¯, or SO4 2¯ (the sodium salt), resulting in the increased concentration of QMVa to promote the condensation reactions of Va with QMVa. These suppressive and promotive effects were more visible in the same treatment of Va with each nucleophile without the addition of NaOH, in which the concentration of hydroxide anion was low.
{"title":"Promotive or suppressive effect of co-existing nucleophiles on lignin condensation in alkaline pulping processes","authors":"T. Komatsu, Kazutaka Yamauchi, T. Yokoyama","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2183968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2183968","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to quantitatively examine how the addition of a strong or weak nucleophile (1.0 mol/L) to a soda cooking treatment (1.0 mol/L NaOH) at 150 °C affects the disappearance and condensation reactions of a simple phenolic lignin model compound, vanillyl alcohol (Va). All the observed phenomena could basically be attributed to the adduct formation of each reagent with the quinone methide intermediate derived from Va (QMVa) and the stabilization of the adduct. The adduct is irreversibly stabilized to be its conjugate base when the reagent was MeNH2 or Me2NH, resulting in the accumulation of the adduct and consequent consumption of QMVa without the reformation of Va from QMVa and condensation reactions of Va with QMVa. The adduct is not stabilized to be its conjugate base and reproduce QMVa when the reagent was Me3N, CO3 2¯, or SO4 2¯ (the sodium salt), resulting in the increased concentration of QMVa to promote the condensation reactions of Va with QMVa. These suppressive and promotive effects were more visible in the same treatment of Va with each nucleophile without the addition of NaOH, in which the concentration of hydroxide anion was low.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"67 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49538921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2182888
Xiaojun Ma, Ranran Guo, Yujuan Qiu, Zhaozhao Yang, Dongna Li
Abstract In this work, hollow carbon spheres from wood (WHCS) were prepared by liquefaction, emulsification, half-curing, carbonization and activation steps. Then, Co-Ni layered double hydroxide nanosheets (CoNiLDHs) were grown on the surface of hollow carbon spheres, forming a CoNiLDHs/WHCS composite with a core–shell structure. Benefitting from the excellent electrochemical activity of CoNiLDHs and the high surface area of WHCS, CoNiLDHs/WHCS electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance and excellent stability. Compared with WHCS and CoNiLDHs, the specific capacitance of CoNiLDHs/WHCS (∼1205.24 Fg−1) composite exhibited a superior retention rate (∼71.09% at 10 Ag−1) and excellent cycling stability (87.5% after 5000 cycles at 10 Ag−1). The synthesized CoNiLDHs/WHCS composite is a promising electrode material for developing high-performance supercapacitors.
{"title":"Hierarchical Co-Ni layered double hydroxide decorated on hollow carbon spheres from wood for high-performance supercapacitors","authors":"Xiaojun Ma, Ranran Guo, Yujuan Qiu, Zhaozhao Yang, Dongna Li","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2182888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2182888","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, hollow carbon spheres from wood (WHCS) were prepared by liquefaction, emulsification, half-curing, carbonization and activation steps. Then, Co-Ni layered double hydroxide nanosheets (CoNiLDHs) were grown on the surface of hollow carbon spheres, forming a CoNiLDHs/WHCS composite with a core–shell structure. Benefitting from the excellent electrochemical activity of CoNiLDHs and the high surface area of WHCS, CoNiLDHs/WHCS electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance and excellent stability. Compared with WHCS and CoNiLDHs, the specific capacitance of CoNiLDHs/WHCS (∼1205.24 Fg−1) composite exhibited a superior retention rate (∼71.09% at 10 Ag−1) and excellent cycling stability (87.5% after 5000 cycles at 10 Ag−1). The synthesized CoNiLDHs/WHCS composite is a promising electrode material for developing high-performance supercapacitors.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"59 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43527353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2187063
H. Pan, Tianyang Li, Lihui Xu, Keting Li, Yong Shen
Abstract This paper showed two bio-based shape-stable composite phase change materials (PCMs) which were prepared through a convenient vacuum impregnation method. Lignin-based ordered porous carbon (LOC) was the porous supporting material, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and paraffin (PA) was the phase change substance in this work. The maximum loading of PCMs in the obtained LOC/PEG and LOC/PA are 70% and 75%, respectively, and their phase transition enthalpy (ΔHm) are also as high as 81.5 J·g−1 and 88.5 J·g−1, respectively. When the loading amount is the same as 60%, the thermal conductivity of LOC/PEG is 0.5029 W/mK, which is a 50.3% improvement over PEG. The thermal conductivity of pure PA is 0.3430 W/mK, and the thermal conductivity of LOC/PA is 0.5847 W/mK, an increase of 70.5% compared to paraffin. In addition, the obtained LOC/PA showed better thermal management capabilities and better thermal stability after infrared thermography tests compared to LOC/PEG. Considering the low cost and excellent properties, the obtained lignin-based ordered porous carbon composite phase change material has a promising future for practical applications in thermal energy storage.
{"title":"Shape-stable composite phase change materials encapsulated by lignin-based ordered porous carbon for thermal energy storage","authors":"H. Pan, Tianyang Li, Lihui Xu, Keting Li, Yong Shen","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2187063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2187063","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper showed two bio-based shape-stable composite phase change materials (PCMs) which were prepared through a convenient vacuum impregnation method. Lignin-based ordered porous carbon (LOC) was the porous supporting material, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and paraffin (PA) was the phase change substance in this work. The maximum loading of PCMs in the obtained LOC/PEG and LOC/PA are 70% and 75%, respectively, and their phase transition enthalpy (ΔHm) are also as high as 81.5 J·g−1 and 88.5 J·g−1, respectively. When the loading amount is the same as 60%, the thermal conductivity of LOC/PEG is 0.5029 W/mK, which is a 50.3% improvement over PEG. The thermal conductivity of pure PA is 0.3430 W/mK, and the thermal conductivity of LOC/PA is 0.5847 W/mK, an increase of 70.5% compared to paraffin. In addition, the obtained LOC/PA showed better thermal management capabilities and better thermal stability after infrared thermography tests compared to LOC/PEG. Considering the low cost and excellent properties, the obtained lignin-based ordered porous carbon composite phase change material has a promising future for practical applications in thermal energy storage.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"92 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46997058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2187064
D. Zakusilo, E. Evstigneyev, A. Ivanov, Anton S. Mazur, E. Bessonova, O. Mammeri, A. Vasilyev
Abstract The main goal of this study was the elucidation of structures of products of oxidation of industrial hydrolysis lignin (HL) obtained in the system H2O2-H2SO4-H2O. It was found that the obtained oxidized hydrolysis lignin (OHL) contained structural fragments of muconic acid dilactone. The latter appeared as a result of the oxidation of aromatic ring of HL into unstable structures of 3,4-dihydroxyadipic acid, which are spontaneously cyclized into the corresponding fragments of muconic acid dilactone in acidic oxidative medium. Consequent reaction of OHL with aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) led to the formation of sodium salt of OHL (Na-OHL), in which the muconic acid dilactone units of OHL opened into fragments of disodium salts of 3,4-dihydroxyadipic acid. The Na-OHL was transformed into the series of novel derivatives of lignins. Thus, the reaction of Na-OHL with thionyl chloride proceeded as a substitution of hydroxyl groups into chlorine atoms in the structure of OHL, that afforded chloro-derivative of OHL. The latter was transformed into amino-amide and ester-ether derivatives of OHL by nucleophilic substitution of chlorine atoms with amines and alcohols correspondingly.
{"title":"Structure of oxidized hydrolysis lignin","authors":"D. Zakusilo, E. Evstigneyev, A. Ivanov, Anton S. Mazur, E. Bessonova, O. Mammeri, A. Vasilyev","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2187064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2187064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main goal of this study was the elucidation of structures of products of oxidation of industrial hydrolysis lignin (HL) obtained in the system H2O2-H2SO4-H2O. It was found that the obtained oxidized hydrolysis lignin (OHL) contained structural fragments of muconic acid dilactone. The latter appeared as a result of the oxidation of aromatic ring of HL into unstable structures of 3,4-dihydroxyadipic acid, which are spontaneously cyclized into the corresponding fragments of muconic acid dilactone in acidic oxidative medium. Consequent reaction of OHL with aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) led to the formation of sodium salt of OHL (Na-OHL), in which the muconic acid dilactone units of OHL opened into fragments of disodium salts of 3,4-dihydroxyadipic acid. The Na-OHL was transformed into the series of novel derivatives of lignins. Thus, the reaction of Na-OHL with thionyl chloride proceeded as a substitution of hydroxyl groups into chlorine atoms in the structure of OHL, that afforded chloro-derivative of OHL. The latter was transformed into amino-amide and ester-ether derivatives of OHL by nucleophilic substitution of chlorine atoms with amines and alcohols correspondingly.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"103 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45947127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2173781
Zhili Zhang, Fengfeng Li, Jihun Heo, Jiansong Chen, J. W. Kim, Min Soo Kim, Yong Sik Kim
Abstract The formation of phenoxy radicals that scavenge free radicals is critical for improving the antioxidant activity of lignin. Novel modified lignin with high phenolic hydroxyl content and enhanced antioxidant properties was prepared from kraft lignin using a two-step method. First, diethylenetriamine-modified amine lignin (DAL) was synthesized via the Mannich reaction. Second, the DAL was reacted with 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (DHCA) using N-hydroxysuccinimide as the catalyst. The DHCA-modified DAL (DDAL) was characterized and tested for the removal of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) from aqueous solutions. The optimum conditions were as follows: a reaction temperature of 80 °C, a 1:1 mass ratio of DHCA to DAL, and a catalytic time of 2 h. The phenolic content of DDAL increased from 0.81 to 1.51 mmol/g. More importantly, the DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of DDAL reached 79.94% at a concentration of 0.50 mg/mL. This study provides a practical strategy for preparing high-performance bio-based antioxidants.
{"title":"N-Hydroxysuccinimide-catalyzed facile synthesis of high-phenolic-hydroxyl-content lignin for enhanced antioxidant properties","authors":"Zhili Zhang, Fengfeng Li, Jihun Heo, Jiansong Chen, J. W. Kim, Min Soo Kim, Yong Sik Kim","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2173781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2173781","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The formation of phenoxy radicals that scavenge free radicals is critical for improving the antioxidant activity of lignin. Novel modified lignin with high phenolic hydroxyl content and enhanced antioxidant properties was prepared from kraft lignin using a two-step method. First, diethylenetriamine-modified amine lignin (DAL) was synthesized via the Mannich reaction. Second, the DAL was reacted with 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (DHCA) using N-hydroxysuccinimide as the catalyst. The DHCA-modified DAL (DDAL) was characterized and tested for the removal of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) from aqueous solutions. The optimum conditions were as follows: a reaction temperature of 80 °C, a 1:1 mass ratio of DHCA to DAL, and a catalytic time of 2 h. The phenolic content of DDAL increased from 0.81 to 1.51 mmol/g. More importantly, the DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of DDAL reached 79.94% at a concentration of 0.50 mg/mL. This study provides a practical strategy for preparing high-performance bio-based antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"35 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44127298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.1080/02773813.2023.2176519
Walter Fiacre Bedounguindzi, K. Candelier, P. E. Engonga, S. Dumarçay, M. Thévenon, P. Gérardin
Abstract Wood treatments based on oleoresins from Aucoumea Klaineana, Canarium schweinfurthii and Dacryodes edulis have shown interesting anti-termites properties but poor resistance to fungi and leaching. Oleoresins were combined with tebuconazole to produce both antifungal and anti-termite wood preservatives formulations with an expected better fixation of chemicals mixtures in the wood. Beech and Scots pine wood block samples were impregnated by these different formulations and exposed to white and brown rot, respectively, as well as to European termite (Reticulitermes flavipes). The use of aqueous formulations of each oleoresin of combined to tebuconazole improved the wood resistance against termites and mainly brown rot. In addition, the best formulation was found by using the raw resin from Aucoumea Klaineana. These results are mainly due to the antifungal activity of tebuconazole. In addition, the presence of antioxidant chemicals in the wood resins inhibits the wood decay fungi growth and acts as enzyme and metabolism inhibitors disturbing the treated wood digestion process by termites. For the future, the promising protection obtained should be formulated to be resistant to leaching.
{"title":"Effectiveness of three Gabonese tree resin fractions combined with tebuconazole as wood preservative formulations","authors":"Walter Fiacre Bedounguindzi, K. Candelier, P. E. Engonga, S. Dumarçay, M. Thévenon, P. Gérardin","doi":"10.1080/02773813.2023.2176519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2023.2176519","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wood treatments based on oleoresins from Aucoumea Klaineana, Canarium schweinfurthii and Dacryodes edulis have shown interesting anti-termites properties but poor resistance to fungi and leaching. Oleoresins were combined with tebuconazole to produce both antifungal and anti-termite wood preservatives formulations with an expected better fixation of chemicals mixtures in the wood. Beech and Scots pine wood block samples were impregnated by these different formulations and exposed to white and brown rot, respectively, as well as to European termite (Reticulitermes flavipes). The use of aqueous formulations of each oleoresin of combined to tebuconazole improved the wood resistance against termites and mainly brown rot. In addition, the best formulation was found by using the raw resin from Aucoumea Klaineana. These results are mainly due to the antifungal activity of tebuconazole. In addition, the presence of antioxidant chemicals in the wood resins inhibits the wood decay fungi growth and acts as enzyme and metabolism inhibitors disturbing the treated wood digestion process by termites. For the future, the promising protection obtained should be formulated to be resistant to leaching.","PeriodicalId":17493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"46 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49237004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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