Although iron is an essential element for life, its excess is linked to many disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of quercetin on iron induced toxicity on the heart and brain in adult male albino rats. 50 adult male albino rats were equally divided into groups; Group I (negative control), Group II (positive control) received normal saline 0.9%. Group III (Quercetin group) was treated with quercetin (2 g/kg daily) for 8 weeks and Group IV (Iron group) was injected intraperitoneal daily with iron dextran (300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Group V (Iron and quercetin group) was injected intraperitoneal daily with iron dextran (300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, and then gavaged orally with quercetin (2 g/kg once a day) for another 4 weeks. At the end of the study, blood samples were taken to estimate the serum levels of iron, malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Heart and brain specimens were dissected from scarified rats to estimate tissue level of iron, histopathological examination, immunohistochemical staining for tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) and comet assay. Iron overload caused increases in serum, heart and brain iron levels; increase in serum MDA and decrease in serum TAC with degenerative changes in the examined tissues and increasing expression of TNFα and DNA degradation. After administration of quercetin, a significant improvement in all these parameters was observed. Quercetin acts as iron chelator decreasing serum and tissue iron levels, ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammatory effects and DNA damage induced by iron overload. More studies are recommended to evaluate the beneficial effects of quercetin with iron excess. Key words: Iron, quercetin, heart toxicity, brain toxicity.
{"title":"Ameliorative role of quercetin in iron overload induced heart and brain toxicity in adult male albino rats","authors":"E. Eman, Z. Mohammed, Mona H. M. Ahmed","doi":"10.5897/JTEHS2019.0429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JTEHS2019.0429","url":null,"abstract":"Although iron is an essential element for life, its excess is linked to many disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of quercetin on iron induced toxicity on the heart and brain in adult male albino rats. 50 adult male albino rats were equally divided into groups; Group I (negative control), Group II (positive control) received normal saline 0.9%. Group III (Quercetin group) was treated with quercetin (2 g/kg daily) for 8 weeks and Group IV (Iron group) was injected intraperitoneal daily with iron dextran (300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Group V (Iron and quercetin group) was injected intraperitoneal daily with iron dextran (300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, and then gavaged orally with quercetin (2 g/kg once a day) for another 4 weeks. At the end of the study, blood samples were taken to estimate the serum levels of iron, malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Heart and brain specimens were dissected from scarified rats to estimate tissue level of iron, histopathological examination, immunohistochemical staining for tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) and comet assay. Iron overload caused increases in serum, heart and brain iron levels; increase in serum MDA and decrease in serum TAC with degenerative changes in the examined tissues and increasing expression of TNFα and DNA degradation. After administration of quercetin, a significant improvement in all these parameters was observed. Quercetin acts as iron chelator decreasing serum and tissue iron levels, ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammatory effects and DNA damage induced by iron overload. More studies are recommended to evaluate the beneficial effects of quercetin with iron excess. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Iron, quercetin, heart toxicity, brain toxicity.","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"16-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82467220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 96 h static toxicity bioassay was carried out to examine fish responses and to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50) of Balanites aegyptiaca stem bark extract on adults of Brycinus nurse, Labeobarbus bynni and Labeobarbus intermedius. Experimental fish were exposed to piscicide plant extract of 0.0 (control), 15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5, and 25.0 mgL-1. Fish exposed to these extracts except the control showed symptoms of toxicity including darting, agitated swimming, air gulping, loss of sensitivity and knockdown before death. These responses were much frequent and faster in L. bynni and L. intermedius. The 96 h LC50 values for the different test fishes were 18.99, 20.72 and 20.72 mg L-1 for L. bynni, L. intermedius and B. nurse, respectively. Based on the present investigation, we can conclude that the application of B. aegyptiaca extract causes lethal toxic effects on different fishes even at low concentrations and hence, indiscriminate use of the plant for fishing should be discouraged and regulated in order to protect fish biodiversity lose in the Alitash National Park area. Key words: Alitash National Park (ALNP), Balanites aegyptiaca, floodplain rivers, piscicide, toxicity, LC50.
{"title":"Acute toxicity evaluation of water extract stem barks of Balanites aegyptiaca on adults of three \u0000different fish species","authors":"Alamrew Eyayu, A. Getahun","doi":"10.5897/JTEHS2018.0426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JTEHS2018.0426","url":null,"abstract":"A 96 h static toxicity bioassay was carried out to examine fish responses and to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50) of Balanites aegyptiaca stem bark extract on adults of Brycinus nurse, Labeobarbus bynni and Labeobarbus intermedius. Experimental fish were exposed to piscicide plant extract of 0.0 (control), 15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5, and 25.0 mgL-1. Fish exposed to these extracts except the control showed symptoms of toxicity including darting, agitated swimming, air gulping, loss of sensitivity and knockdown before death. These responses were much frequent and faster in L. bynni and L. intermedius. The 96 h LC50 values for the different test fishes were 18.99, 20.72 and 20.72 mg L-1 for L. bynni, L. intermedius and B. nurse, respectively. Based on the present investigation, we can conclude that the application of B. aegyptiaca extract causes lethal toxic effects on different fishes even at low concentrations and hence, indiscriminate use of the plant for fishing should be discouraged and regulated in order to protect fish biodiversity lose in the Alitash National Park area. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Alitash National Park (ALNP), Balanites aegyptiaca, floodplain rivers, piscicide, toxicity, LC50.","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90697340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olabanji Iyabo Oluremi, Asubiojo Olabode Idowu, Komolafe Morenikeji Adedoyin, Akintomide Anthony, A. A. Oluwole
The etiology of many neurological cases cannot be easily delineated, making the investigation, and treatment to be challenging. This study aims to screen the blood of neurology patients presenting for the first time in the hospital for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) using Flame Ionization Detector – Gas Chromatography. Fourteen PAHs were detected in the samples. The results showed that flourene and phenanthrene were common to all the patients in the range (1.37 to 8.08 and 1.66 to 8.34 ng/mL respectively), but were not detected in the control samples. Pyrene, fluoranthene and acenaphthene were present in 80, 75 and 70% in the blood plasma of the patients at the range of 2.96 to 236.86 ng/mL, 1.96 to 11.55 ng/mL and 1.08 to 1.81 ng/mL respectively. These were not found in the control samples. The body burden of these congeners was much higher in neurology patients than controls and literature values of similar study. The concentrations detected were statistically significant, and could be possible causative agents. This can also become one of the investigative tools for these diseases. Key words: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, blood plasma, neurology patients.
{"title":"Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in blood plasma of neurology patients","authors":"Olabanji Iyabo Oluremi, Asubiojo Olabode Idowu, Komolafe Morenikeji Adedoyin, Akintomide Anthony, A. A. Oluwole","doi":"10.5897/JTEHS2018.0424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JTEHS2018.0424","url":null,"abstract":"The etiology of many neurological cases cannot be easily delineated, making the investigation, and treatment to be challenging. This study aims to screen the blood of neurology patients presenting for the first time in the hospital for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) using Flame Ionization Detector – Gas Chromatography. Fourteen PAHs were detected in the samples. The results showed that flourene and phenanthrene were common to all the patients in the range (1.37 to 8.08 and 1.66 to 8.34 ng/mL respectively), but were not detected in the control samples. Pyrene, fluoranthene and acenaphthene were present in 80, 75 and 70% in the blood plasma of the patients at the range of 2.96 to 236.86 ng/mL, 1.96 to 11.55 ng/mL and 1.08 to 1.81 ng/mL respectively. These were not found in the control samples. The body burden of these congeners was much higher in neurology patients than controls and literature values of similar study. The concentrations detected were statistically significant, and could be possible causative agents. This can also become one of the investigative tools for these diseases. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, blood plasma, neurology patients.","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77302302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potential human risk of dissolved heavy metals in gold mine waters of Gauteng Province, South Africa","authors":"Kamunda C., M. M, M. M.","doi":"10.5897/jtehs2018.0422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jtehs2018.0422","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86138464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human kidney injury molecule-1 and interleukin-18 as predictive markers of nephrotoxicity in acute organophosphorus poisoned patients in Zagazig University hospitals","authors":"A. Arwa, E. Eman, Allam Reem","doi":"10.5897/jtehs2018.0418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jtehs2018.0418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83301661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Amin, M. Abaza, Walaa M. Sarhaan, Amany I. Ahmed, A. Moustafa
Sodium valproate (VPA) used in epilepsy and has hepatotoxic effect in mammals. This work is to assess the role of L-arginin and omega-3 fatty acid against VPA oxidative stress on liver. This study was carried out on 70 rats divided into 7 groups each of 10 rats treated orally once daily 6days/ week; Group I (control), Group II ( L-arginin): each rat was received 300 mg/kg L-arginin, Group III (omega-3): each rat received 300 mg/kg omega-3, Group IV (VIA): Each rat received 400 mg/kg VPA. Group V (VPA and L-arginin): Each rat received the previous doses. Group VI (VPA and omega-3): as before. Group VII (VPA, L-arginin and omega-3 group): as before. There was a significant increase in the mean values of AST, ALT, ALP and TBL in VPA treated group. Upon supplementation with L-arginin or omega-3 to VPA treated rats there was a significant decrease in the mean values of AST, ALT, ALP and TBL. Microscopic examination of liver section of VPA treated rat revealed vacuolated hepatocytes, focal necrosis, and enlarged portal tract. VPA toxicity induced severe liver damage in rats, and administration of either L-arginin or omega-3 protecting liver tissues. Key words: L-arginin, omega-3 and sodium valproate.
丙戊酸钠(VPA)用于癫痫，对哺乳动物有肝毒性作用。本研究旨在评估l -精氨酸和omega-3脂肪酸对肝脏VPA氧化应激的作用。本研究将70只大鼠分为7组，每组10只大鼠，每天口服1次，每周6天;ⅰ组(对照组)、ⅱ组(l -精氨酸):每只大鼠给予300 mg/kg l -精氨酸，ⅲ组(omega-3):每只大鼠给予300 mg/kg omega-3，ⅳ组(VIA):每只大鼠给予400 mg/kg VPA。V组(VPA和l -精氨酸):每只大鼠接受先前剂量。第六组(VPA和omega-3):和以前一样。第七组(VPA, l -精氨酸和omega-3组):和以前一样。VPA治疗组AST、ALT、ALP、TBL均值显著升高。在给VPA处理的大鼠补充l -精氨酸或omega-3后，AST、ALT、ALP和TBL的平均值显著降低。VPA处理大鼠肝脏切片镜检显示肝细胞空泡化，局灶性坏死，门静脉肿大。VPA毒性在大鼠中引起严重的肝损伤，并且给予l -精氨酸或omega-3保护肝组织。关键词:l -精氨酸，omega-3，丙戊酸钠。
{"title":"The amelorative effect of L-arginin and omega-3 fatty acid against sodium valproate induced hepatotoxicity","authors":"D. Amin, M. Abaza, Walaa M. Sarhaan, Amany I. Ahmed, A. Moustafa","doi":"10.5897/JTEHS2018.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JTEHS2018.0411","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium valproate (VPA) used in epilepsy and has hepatotoxic effect in mammals. This work is to assess the role of L-arginin and omega-3 fatty acid against VPA oxidative stress on liver. This study was carried out on 70 rats divided into 7 groups each of 10 rats treated orally once daily 6days/ week; Group I (control), Group II ( L-arginin): each rat was received 300 mg/kg L-arginin, Group III (omega-3): each rat received 300 mg/kg omega-3, Group IV (VIA): Each rat received 400 mg/kg VPA. Group V (VPA and L-arginin): Each rat received the previous doses. Group VI (VPA and omega-3): as before. Group VII (VPA, L-arginin and omega-3 group): as before. There was a significant increase in the mean values of AST, ALT, ALP and TBL in VPA treated group. Upon supplementation with L-arginin or omega-3 to VPA treated rats there was a significant decrease in the mean values of AST, ALT, ALP and TBL. Microscopic examination of liver section of VPA treated rat revealed vacuolated hepatocytes, focal necrosis, and enlarged portal tract. VPA toxicity induced severe liver damage in rats, and administration of either L-arginin or omega-3 protecting liver tissues. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: L-arginin, omega-3 and sodium valproate.","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"105 1","pages":"20-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89736452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The amelorative effect of L-arginin and omega-3 fatty acid against sodium valproate induced hepatotoxicity","authors":"M. Dalia, T. Marwa, M. Walaa, I. A. Amany, A. Amr","doi":"10.5897/jtehs2017.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jtehs2017.0411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82558032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jahangir Muhammad, Muhammad Faizan Haider Hafiz, Niaz Zafar, Abaidullal Sajid, I. Dawood
{"title":"Biochemical analysis and toxicity studies of some heavy metals and their correlation with \u0000different diseases","authors":"Jahangir Muhammad, Muhammad Faizan Haider Hafiz, Niaz Zafar, Abaidullal Sajid, I. Dawood","doi":"10.5897/jtehs2017.0394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jtehs2017.0394","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75909979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organochlorine pesticides contamination in human milk in Abidan (Cte dIvoire)","authors":"P. Manda, Aholia Jean Baptiste Adepo, D. Dano","doi":"10.5897/jtehs2018.0409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jtehs2018.0409","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17507,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73291416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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