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Determination of Trace Elements of Some Textiles by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry 原子吸收光谱法测定纺织品中微量元素
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120020273
S. Saraçoğlu, U. Divrikli, M. Soylak, L. Elçi, M. Doğan
Abstract The trace heavy metal contents of twenty four textile samples produced in Turkey have been determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after separation/preconcentration procedures including solid phase extraction and coprecipitation. The levels of the investigated ions in textile material were found to be below the values given by Oeko-Tex with some exceptions for lead and nickel for baby clothing.
摘要采用原子吸收光谱法(AAS)测定了土耳其生产的24种纺织品样品中微量重金属的含量。除婴儿服装中的铅和镍外,纺织材料中所调查的离子含量低于Oeko-Tex给出的值。
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引用次数: 20
Copper Complexation by Amino Acid: l-Glutamine–Copper(II)–l-Histidine Ternary System 氨基酸与铜的络合:l-谷氨酰胺-铜(II) - l-组氨酸三元体系
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120025823
P. Deschamps, N. Zerrouk, T. Martens, M. Charlot, J. Girerd, J. Chaumeil, A. Tomáš
Abstract Menkes disease is a lethal genetic disorder of copper transport in humans. Its current treatment is the administration of copper–l-histidine complex. However, this therapy is only effective in some cases and when started early in life. In order to develop an improved treatment, copper(II) mixed ligand amino acid complexes were studied because these complexes play an important role in the physiological copper pathway. A promising strategy is the administration of l-histidine–copper(II)–l-glutamine complex, which has been reported to be the predominant low molecular-weight copper(II) complex in human blood serum. Before the biopharmaceutical studies of l-histidine–copper(II)–l-glutamine complex, a physicochemical study of this ternary system must be performed. The stoichiometry and the stability of l-histidine–copper(II)–l-glutamine relative to copper(II)–l-histidine and copper(II)–l-glutamine were established at pH 7 in solution by polarography and UV–visible spectroscopy. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated that the species [Cu(His)2] and [Cu(His)2(OH)] coexist in the same solution. This study has been complemented by EPR analysis which suggests copper in [Cu(His)(Gln)] complex has a distorted octahedral geometry. The first shell of copper coordination is 3 N, 1 O, histidine, and glutarnine being bidentate.
门克斯病是一种致死性铜转运遗传性疾病。目前的治疗方法是使用铜- l-组氨酸复合物。然而,这种疗法只在某些情况下有效,并且在生命早期开始。由于铜(II)混合配体氨基酸配合物在生理铜途径中发挥重要作用,因此为了开发一种改进的处理方法,对铜(II)混合配体氨基酸配合物进行了研究。一个有前途的策略是给予l-组氨酸-铜(II) - l-谷氨酰胺复合物,据报道这是人类血清中主要的低分子量铜(II)复合物。在对l-组氨酸-铜(II) - l-谷氨酰胺络合物进行生物制药研究之前,必须对该三元体系进行物理化学研究。在pH为7的条件下,用极谱法和紫外可见光谱法测定了l-组氨酸-铜(II) - l-谷氨酰胺相对于铜(II) - l-组氨酸和铜(II) - l-谷氨酰胺的化学计量学和稳定性。然而,已经证明了[Cu(His)2]和[Cu(His)2(OH)]在同一溶液中共存。EPR分析表明[Cu(His)(Gln)]配合物中的铜具有扭曲的八面体几何形状。铜配位的第一层是3n, 1o,组氨酸和谷氨酸是双齿的。
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引用次数: 6
Bone Cadmium and Lead in 18th Century Population Groups from the Canary Islands 18世纪加那利群岛人群中的骨镉和铅
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120017916
M. Arnay‐de‐la‐Rosa, E. González‐Reimers, J. Velasco-Vázquez, L. Galindo-Martín, F. Santolaria-Fernández
Abstract This study was performed in order to determine the levels of lead and cadmium in bone samples of two historic (18th century) population groups from the Canary Islands (La Concepción and San Francisco), comparing the results with those obtained in modern inhabitants. We found that historic individuals from La Concepción (Tenerife) and San Francisco (Gran Canaria) showed significantly lower bone lead (8.84 ± 13.41 mg/kg and 6.73 ± 4.06 mg/kg, respectively) than the modern population (30.53 ± 14.62 mg/kg). On the contrary, bone cadmium, although slightly lower in the ancient population groups, was not significantly different when compared with the modern one. Bone lead and cadmium kept, however, a significant relationship among the individuals from La Concepción, suggesting a common source of exposure.
本研究旨在确定加那利群岛(La Concepción和San Francisco)两个历史上(18世纪)人群骨骼样本中的铅和镉水平,并将结果与现代居民的结果进行比较。我们发现,来自La Concepción(特内里费岛)和San Francisco(大加那利岛)的历史个体的骨铅含量(分别为8.84±13.41 mg/kg和6.73±4.06 mg/kg)显著低于现代人群(30.53±14.62 mg/kg)。相反,骨镉虽然在古代人群中略低,但与现代人群相比没有显著差异。然而,在La Concepción的个体中,骨铅和镉保持着显著的关系,这表明有一个共同的暴露源。
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引用次数: 7
Natural and Artificial Radionuclides Distribution in Some Lichens, Mosses, and Trees in the Vicinity of Lignite Power Plants from West Macedonia, Greece
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120023070
L. Tsikritzis, S. Ganatsios, O. Duliu, T. Sawidis
Abstract The distribution of natural 40K, 226Ra and 228Ra and artificial 137Cs has been investigated in nonvascular mosses (9 species) and lichens (10 species) and vascular gymnosperm (1 species), angiosperm trees and shrubs (3 species) over the Kozani-Ptolemaïda-Amynteon lignite basin in West Macedonia, Greece. Four lignite power plants producing about 70% of the electric energy of the country are to be found in this region. Both specific activity and transfer factors of these radionuclides have been determined by means of experiments. This study indicates that with regard to 226Ra and 137Cs, nonvascular lichens and mosses have a much higher transfer factor (2.27 for 226Ra and 43.77 137Cs) compared with vascular plants (0.17 for 226Ra and 0.03 137Cs), but a lower one for natural 40K (0.493 for lichens and mosses and respectively 1.190 for vascular plants). Compared with unpolluted areas (0.25 Bq/kg), the 226Ra specific activity in lichens and mosses was systematically higher (26.43 and 56.74 Bq/kg respectively).
摘要对希腊西马其顿Kozani-Ptolemaïda-Amynteon褐煤盆地无维管苔藓(9种)、地衣(10种)、维管裸子植物(1种)、被子植物乔木和灌木(3种)中天然40K、226Ra、228Ra和人工137Cs的分布进行了研究。四个褐煤发电厂在这个地区生产了全国约70%的电能。用实验方法确定了这些放射性核素的比活度和转移因子。研究表明,对于226Ra和137Cs,非维管地衣和苔藓的传递因子(226Ra为2.27,137Cs为43.77)明显高于维管植物(226Ra为0.17,137Cs为0.03),而天然40K的传递因子(地衣和苔藓分别为0.493,维管植物为1.190)要低得多。与未污染地区(0.25 Bq/kg)相比,地衣和苔藓的226Ra比活性分别为26.43 Bq/kg和56.74 Bq/kg。
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引用次数: 9
Voltammetric Investigation of Reaction of l-Ascorbic Acid with Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride and Potassium Iodide l-抗坏血酸与盐酸氯丙嗪和碘化钾反应的伏安法研究
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120020255
E. Kleszczewska, K. Mielech
Abstract Electrochemical oxidation of l-ascorbic acid by a chlorpromazine and a potassium iodide at a platinum electrode in 5 × 10−1 M K2SO4 + 5 × 10−1 M KHSO4 has been studied. l-Ascorbic acid was the oxidation product, which has been verified by spectrophotometry and potentiometry. The rate constant for the catalytic reaction was evaluated as (6.4 ± 0.05) × 103 M−1 s−1 for a chlorpromazine and as (7.4 ± 0.04) × 103 M−1 s−1 for a potassium iodide. Experimental conditions, which maximize the current efficiency of this electrochemical oxidation, such as pH value and the concentration of the catalyst, were also investigated and discussed in this article.
摘要研究了氯丙嗪和碘化钾在5 × 10−1 M K2SO4 + 5 × 10−1 M KHSO4中在铂电极上对l-抗坏血酸的电化学氧化。l-抗坏血酸是氧化产物,经分光光度法和电位法证实。氯丙嗪的催化反应速率常数为(6.4±0.05)× 103 M−1 s−1,碘化钾的催化反应速率常数为(7.4±0.04)× 103 M−1 s−1。本文还对使电化学氧化电流效率最大化的实验条件,如pH值和催化剂浓度进行了研究和讨论。
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引用次数: 2
Elemental Composition of the Vegetation on the Island Krk 岛上植被的元素组成
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120023066
V. Valković, V. Oreščanin, A. Kutle, J. Obhodas
Abstract Vegetation samples were collected at 112 locations on the Croatian island Krk in the northern Adriatic sea. The collected samples were analyzed for 12 chemical elements (Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Pb) by EDXRF method. For all of the measured elements concentration maps for the island were produced using kriging gridding methodology. This was done in order to relate variations in chemical composition of vegetation with that of soils as well as to the soil type, local environment, prevalent use of soil, and other antropogenic influences. Concentrations maps for the chemical elements have also been used in the evaluation of chemical elements transfer from plants to grazing animals, and eventually to the inhabitants of the island. Elemental transfer from the soil to the plants was confirmed by canonical correlation analysis. Good positive correlation between elemental concentration in soil and grass samples (canonical R = 0.647) was found.
在亚得里亚海北部克罗地亚Krk岛的112个地点采集了植被样本。采用EDXRF法分析样品中Ca、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Br、Rb、Sr、Pb等12种化学元素。所有测量到的元素浓度图都是用克里格网格法绘制的。这样做是为了将植被化学成分的变化与土壤化学成分的变化以及与土壤类型、当地环境、土壤的普遍使用和其他人为影响联系起来。化学元素的浓度图也被用于评价化学元素从植物转移到食草动物,并最终转移到岛上居民的情况。典型相关分析证实了土壤元素向植物的转移。土壤中元素含量与草地样品中元素含量呈正相关(典型R = 0.647)。
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引用次数: 2
The In-Vivo Co-monitoring of Protein, Polymeric Delivery System, and Spectator Ions by Radioisotope Induced X-Ray Fluorescence 放射性同位素诱导的x射线荧光对蛋白质、聚合物传递系统和旁观者离子的体内联合监测
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120017893
Donald S. MacLean-McDavitt, J. David Robertson, M. Jay
Abstract The subcutaneous delivery of iodinated bovine serum albumin (I-BSA) incorporated into a barium alginate hydrogel matrix, synthesized from barium bromide, was monitored in vivo by radioisotope-induced X-ray fluorescence. By measuring the iodine, barium, and bromine X-ray fluorescence signals, we were able to simultaneously monitor the status of an entrapped protein, the hydrogel delivery device, and the spectator ions in the hydrogel. The release of the labeled protein followed first-order kinetics with half-lives of 6 h for the I-BSA in phosphate buffer solution up to 28 h for the I-BSA incorporated in the alginate hydrogel. The degradation of the barium alginate hydrogel was biphasic, and the disappearance of the bromide spectator ion from the hydrogel was well described by Fickian diffusion.
用放射性同位素诱导的x射线荧光监测了碘化牛血清白蛋白(I-BSA)与溴化钡合成的海藻酸钡水凝胶基质的皮下递送。通过测量碘、钡和溴的x射线荧光信号,我们能够同时监测被包裹的蛋白质、水凝胶输送装置和水凝胶中的观察离子的状态。标记蛋白的释放遵循一级动力学,在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,I-BSA的半衰期为6小时,在海藻酸盐水凝胶中,I-BSA的半衰期为28小时。海藻酸钡水凝胶的降解是双相的,溴离子的消失可以用菲克扩散法很好地描述。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Medicinal Plants and Crude Extracts by Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence 同步辐射全反射x射线荧光分析药用植物及其粗提物
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120020272
M. Salvador, D. A. Dias, S. Moreira, O. Zucchi
Abstract Plants and aqueous extracts of Alternanthera maritima (aerial parts and roots), Alternanthera brasiliana and Alternanthera tenella colla (total plant) were selected for analysis of metals bioaccumulation. The synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence (SRTXRF) was used for excitation of the samples and a Si(Li) detector for the detection of the characteristic X-rays emitted by the sample elements. The elements P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr were detected in all samples. Further-more Al, Si, Cl, Ni, Br, Rb, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, and Pb in Alternanthera maritima samples; Si, Co, Cd, Sn, Sb, and Ce in Alternanthera brasiliana and Al, Si, Co, Ni, Br, Cd, Sn, Sb, and Ce in Alternanthera tenella colla were found. The concentration obtained in the samples for K-shell lines varied from 1.63 µg g−1 for Ni to 3.34 × 105 µg g−1for K, and for L-shell the values ranged from 1.64 x 101 µg g−1 for Cd to 6.71 × 102 µg g−1 for Sn.
摘要:以水浸液和植物水浸液为研究对象,分析了水浸液中金属的生物富集规律。用同步辐射全反射x射线荧光(SRTXRF)对样品进行激发,用Si(Li)探测器对样品元素发出的特征x射线进行检测。所有样品均检测到P、S、K、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Rb、Sr等元素。此外,铝,硅,Cl, Ni, Br, Rb, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg和Pb在交替海洋样品中;在巴西莲子中发现了Si、Co、Cd、Sn、Sb和Ce,在柔韧性莲子中发现了Al、Si、Co、Ni、Br、Cd、Sn、Sb和Ce。K壳系样品中Ni的浓度从1.63µg g−1到K的3.34 × 105µg g−1不等,l壳系样品中Cd的浓度从1.64 × 101µg g−1到Sn的6.71 × 102µg g−1不等。
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引用次数: 16
Root Cell Characteristics of Two Wheat Species Differing in Their Sensitivity to NaCl in Response to Salt Stress 盐胁迫下两种小麦对NaCl敏感性差异的根细胞特征
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120025820
N. Jbir, Saïda Amar, A. Ayadi
Abstract Salt stress alters the meristem size, the mitotic index, the progress of cell division and the size of the cortical cells in wheat roots. The effects are usually more, but not much more pronounced with the sensitive species Triticum aestivum (var. Tanit) than they are with the more tolerant species Triticum durum (var. Ben Béchir). It may be that the main mechanisms responsible for the relative sensitivity/tolerance of wheat to salt stress are not localized in the root system.
盐胁迫改变小麦根系分生组织大小、有丝分裂指数、细胞分裂进程和皮层细胞大小。对敏感的小麦品种(品种:Tanit)的影响通常比对耐受性较强的小麦品种(品种:Ben bsamicchir)的影响更大,但并不明显。小麦对盐胁迫相对敏感/耐受的主要机制可能并不局限于根系。
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引用次数: 4
Selenium Intake in Foods Ration in the Region of Algiers 阿尔及尔地区食物中硒的日粮摄入量
Pub Date : 2003-01-02 DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120017914
D. Tahtat, Mohamed Amine Benamar, Kamel Aklil, M. Mouzai, Ahmed Azebouche
Abstract In this present work, we have measured the selenium content in different foods frequently consumed in the region of Algiers. A nutritional deficiency in selenium is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, muscular dystrophy and hepatic necrosis. Freeze-dried samples of food were collected and measured by INAA (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis). We have established the annual consumption of selenium for five socio-professional categories, on the basis of data given by government agencies. We have determined the mean of selenium daily consumption by people in the region of Algiers as 130 µg per day and concluded that the daily selenium contribution in the region of Algiers is satisfactory.
在本工作中,我们测量了阿尔及尔地区经常食用的不同食物中的硒含量。营养缺乏硒是心血管疾病、肌肉萎缩症和肝坏死的危险因素。采用中子活化分析(INAA)对冻干后的食品样品进行测定。我们根据政府机构提供的数据,确定了五个社会专业类别的年硒摄入量。我们确定了阿尔及尔地区人民每天硒的平均消费量为130微克/天,得出阿尔及尔地区每天硒的贡献是令人满意的结论。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques
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