Pub Date : 2025-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107414
Zhanmeng Liu , Haitao Gan , Xian Li , Junjie Chen , Guiqing Gao
The carbon materials are widely used as activators for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade organic pollutants in water. In this study, bamboo scraps, a typical biochar resource in Jiangxi Province, China, was used as raw material to prepare biochar by high temperature (700, 800, 900 °C) pyrolysis and KOH activation, and its morphology, structure and physicochemical characteristics were characterized and analyzed. The results showed that BB-KOH-900 biochar prepared under the optimized conditions of 900 °C could effectively activate PMS and achieve 91.1 % Tetracycline (TC) removal rate within 60 min. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and quenching experiments showed that 1O2 was the main active factor, and the non-radical pathway dominated by 1O2 was the main pathway for Tetracycline degradation. Characterization analysis confirmed that carbonyl groups CO, graphite nitrogen (N) and structural defects (ID/IG) were the main reaction sites for activating PMS to degrade Tetracycline. Moreover, the degradation pathways of Tetracycline were proposed and the tocixities of intermediates were evaluated. Our research not only provides a feasible method for the recycling of bamboo scraps, but also makes its Fenton- like application possible with an economical, green and recyclable carbon catalyst.
{"title":"The degradation of tetracycline for peroxymonosulfate activation with KOH modified bamboo biochar: Non-radical mechanism and structure investigation","authors":"Zhanmeng Liu , Haitao Gan , Xian Li , Junjie Chen , Guiqing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The carbon materials are widely used as activators for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade organic pollutants in water. In this study, bamboo scraps, a typical biochar resource in Jiangxi Province, China, was used as raw material to prepare biochar by high temperature (700, 800, 900 °C) pyrolysis and KOH activation, and its morphology, structure and physicochemical characteristics were characterized and analyzed. The results showed that BB-KOH-900 biochar prepared under the optimized conditions of 900 °C could effectively activate PMS and achieve 91.1 % Tetracycline (TC) removal rate within 60 min. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and quenching experiments showed that <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> was the main active factor, and the non-radical pathway dominated by <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> was the main pathway for Tetracycline degradation. Characterization analysis confirmed that carbonyl groups C<img>O, graphite nitrogen (N) and structural defects (I<sub>D</sub>/I<sub>G</sub>) were the main reaction sites for activating PMS to degrade Tetracycline. Moreover, the degradation pathways of Tetracycline were proposed and the tocixities of intermediates were evaluated. Our research not only provides a feasible method for the recycling of bamboo scraps, but also makes its Fenton- like application possible with an economical, green and recyclable carbon catalyst.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107414"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The chemical batteries and sensing components used in water meters pose environmental challenges and conflict with carbon neutrality. This study proposes a novel self-powered and self-sensing water meter utilizing a contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerator (C-TENG) to address these concerns. The C-TENG water meter operates by harvesting the local head loss caused by water flow resistance in water meter, eliminating the need for an external power supply. Using 4 wt% MXene composite polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane as the negative friction layer and polysulfone nanofiber membrane as the positive friction layer, the C-TENG generated the highest open-circuit voltage (581.89 V) and short-circuit current (25.19 μA). The C-TENG with the capacitors of >100 μF ensured regular water meter operation. The water meter with C-TENG realized self-sensing as the water flow exhibited a linear relationship with the current of C-TENG. The use of C-TENG to recover 2 % of the local head loss allows the water meter to be self-powered regardless of the country's water meter standard. Take the water meter used in China as an example, the adoption of C-TENG instead of batteries to power 10,000 water meters for 5 years can reduce carbon emissions by at least 8.05 tons. These results provide fundamental support for the design and fabrication of self-powered and self-sensing C-TENG water meter.
{"title":"Self-powered and self-sensing water meter using contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerator with harvesting local head loss","authors":"Da-Qi Cao , Xiao-Dan Liu , Rong-Kun Fang , Guri Yihuo , Yun-Feng Wu , Zhan-Gao Huang , Wen-Yu Zhang , Xiangyu Chen , Xiao-Di Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The chemical batteries and sensing components used in water meters pose environmental challenges and conflict with carbon neutrality. This study proposes a novel self-powered and self-sensing water meter utilizing a contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerator (C-TENG) to address these concerns. The C-TENG water meter operates by harvesting the local head loss caused by water flow resistance in water meter, eliminating the need for an external power supply. Using 4 wt% MXene composite polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane as the negative friction layer and polysulfone nanofiber membrane as the positive friction layer, the C-TENG generated the highest open-circuit voltage (581.89 V) and short-circuit current (25.19 μA). The C-TENG with the capacitors of >100 μF ensured regular water meter operation. The water meter with C-TENG realized self-sensing as the water flow exhibited a linear relationship with the current of C-TENG. The use of C-TENG to recover 2 % of the local head loss allows the water meter to be self-powered regardless of the country's water meter standard. Take the water meter used in China as an example, the adoption of C-TENG instead of batteries to power 10,000 water meters for 5 years can reduce carbon emissions by at least 8.05 tons. These results provide fundamental support for the design and fabrication of self-powered and self-sensing C-TENG water meter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107397"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107450
Feifei Ma , Jiameng Guo , Yantao Li , Gao Li , Xuezhi Zhang , Zhuoyi Zhu , Roger Ruan , Pengfei Cheng
Fucoxanthin is a naturally occurring carotenoid with various biological activities. Compared to macroalgae, microalgae (such as diatoms) not only have a faster growth rate but also can accumulate higher levels of fucoxanthin. However, the cost of the culture medium is a crucial limiting factor in the large-scale production of microalgal fucoxanthin. In this study, it was first screened for microalgal strains with optimal fucoxanthin production based on aquaculture wastewater. System factors such as initial inoculation density, nitrogen‑phosphorus (N/P) ratio, and light intensity were then optimized. Further, pilot-scale cultivation of Chaetoceros sp. was conducted based on the optimized conditions, using response surface methodology. These results showed that the fucoxanthin production for Chaetoceros sp. ZJ was best when the ratio of aquaculture wastewater to culture medium was 1:3. Optimal inoculation density was 2.6 × 105 cells/mL; the nitrogen‑phosphorus ratio was 25.61 to 1.0; the light intensity was 1597.74 lx.; the resulting yield of fucoxanthin reached 40.13 mg/L under these conditions. In a 100-Liter tubular photobioreactor, the yield of fucoxanthin for Chaetoceros sp. ZJ reached 33 mg/L. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of wastewater to cultivate Chaetoceros sp., and to create fucoxanthin as a commercial resource. Using nutrient-rich wastewater for microalgae cultivation enables both environmental pollution mitigation and valuable bioproduct generation.
{"title":"Optimizing Fucoxanthin production in Chaetoceros sp. Using conditioned wastewater and tailored culture conditions","authors":"Feifei Ma , Jiameng Guo , Yantao Li , Gao Li , Xuezhi Zhang , Zhuoyi Zhu , Roger Ruan , Pengfei Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fucoxanthin is a naturally occurring carotenoid with various biological activities. Compared to macroalgae, microalgae (such as diatoms) not only have a faster growth rate but also can accumulate higher levels of fucoxanthin. However, the cost of the culture medium is a crucial limiting factor in the large-scale production of microalgal fucoxanthin. In this study, it was first screened for microalgal strains with optimal fucoxanthin production based on aquaculture wastewater. System factors such as initial inoculation density, nitrogen‑phosphorus (N/P) ratio, and light intensity were then optimized. Further, pilot-scale cultivation of <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp. was conducted based on the optimized conditions, using response surface methodology. These results showed that the fucoxanthin production for <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp. ZJ was best when the ratio of aquaculture wastewater to culture medium was 1:3. Optimal inoculation density was 2.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> cells/mL; the nitrogen‑phosphorus ratio was 25.61 to 1.0; the light intensity was 1597.74 lx.; the resulting yield of fucoxanthin reached 40.13 mg/L under these conditions. In a 100-Liter tubular photobioreactor, the yield of fucoxanthin for <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp. ZJ reached 33 mg/L. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of wastewater to cultivate <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp., and to create fucoxanthin as a commercial resource. Using nutrient-rich wastewater for microalgae cultivation enables both environmental pollution mitigation and valuable bioproduct generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107450"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107454
Sanjay Martin Kujur , J. Judith Vijaya , L. John Kennedy
Nanocomposites of CuGd2-xPrxO4 with acetylene carbon black were fabricated by a facile microwave-assisted sol-gel method to demonstrate their potential for photocatalytic decomposition of lomefloxacin antibiotics (LMF). With their superb stability and a highly porous structure, the CuGd2-xPrxO4@CB composites exhibited optimum visible light absorption abilities and enhanced charge carrier mobilities. In the persulphate activation process, it efficiently activated persulphate, and 97.5 % of LMF (10 mgL−1) was degraded over 80 min with 20 mg catalyst at natural pH. Gadolinium-based catalysts with Pr3+ substitution and the incorporation of carbon black, which offered a large surface area, and the effective inhibition of electron-hole recombination were the primary causes of the enhancement in photocatalytic activity. Scavenging experiments showed that •OH, SO4•ˉ, •O₂ˉ and holes (h+) were the prominent active radicals involved in LMF disintegration. Furthermore, CuGd2-xPrxO4@CB composites possessed good stability and reusability over four cycles, indicating their viability for practical application in environmental remediation.
{"title":"Carbon black endorsed CuGd2-xPrxO4 nanocomposites for efficient photocatalytic disintegration of lomefloxacin hydrochloride by persulphate activation","authors":"Sanjay Martin Kujur , J. Judith Vijaya , L. John Kennedy","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanocomposites of CuGd<sub>2-x</sub>Pr<sub>x</sub>O<sub>4</sub> with acetylene carbon black were fabricated by a facile microwave-assisted sol-gel method to demonstrate their potential for photocatalytic decomposition of lomefloxacin antibiotics (LMF). With their superb stability and a highly porous structure, the CuGd<sub>2-x</sub>Pr<sub>x</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CB composites exhibited optimum visible light absorption abilities and enhanced charge carrier mobilities. In the persulphate activation process, it efficiently activated persulphate, and 97.5 % of LMF (10 mgL<sup>−1</sup>) was degraded over 80 min with 20 mg catalyst at natural pH. Gadolinium-based catalysts with Pr<sup>3+</sup> substitution and the incorporation of carbon black, which offered a large surface area, and the effective inhibition of electron-hole recombination were the primary causes of the enhancement in photocatalytic activity. Scavenging experiments showed that •OH, SO<sub>4</sub>•ˉ, •O₂ˉ and holes (h<sup>+</sup>) were the prominent active radicals involved in LMF disintegration. Furthermore, CuGd<sub>2-x</sub>Pr<sub>x</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CB composites possessed good stability and reusability over four cycles, indicating their viability for practical application in environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107454"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107440
Yue Miao , Xiaowen Huo , Yingying Zhao , Xiuling Liu , Haitao Wang , Jun Li , Na Chang
The utilization of surfactants in the fabrication of thin-film composite (TFC) membranes has proven to be an effective way for the regulation of interfacial polymerization (IP) process in order to obtain ideal polyamide (PA) layers. However, the uncontrollable migration of surfactants and the variety in the aggregated state of surfactants result in difficulty in regulation of the morphology of PA layer. Here, nonionic surfactant Span80 is introduced in organic-phase before IP process, and the impact of the transformation of Span80 from single molecules to micelles, as well as the morphology the PA layers is systematically investigated. The function of Span80 in IP process and its impact on improving the uniformity, compactness, and separation performance of the PA layer are demonstrated by molecular simulations. As has been proved that Span80 single molecules or micelles tend to form a surfactant layer composed by Span80 single molecules at the water-organic interface due to the lower interaction energy during their migration from the organic phase to the interface. The formation of this monolayer significantly reduces the water-organic interfacial tension, which promotes the diffusion of piperazine monomer, and accelerates the IP process. As a result, with the increasing Span80 concentration, the morphology of PA layer transforms from granular structure to denser micro-spherical structure. The more uniform PA layer helps to improve the performance of this nanofiltration membrane, with the Li+/Mg2+ separation ratio increasing from 2.41 to 14.72, representing an approximately 6-fold enhancement in separation efficiency.
{"title":"The impact of Span80 single molecule and micelle forms on the structure and performance of polyamide nanofiltration membranes","authors":"Yue Miao , Xiaowen Huo , Yingying Zhao , Xiuling Liu , Haitao Wang , Jun Li , Na Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of surfactants in the fabrication of thin-film composite (TFC) membranes has proven to be an effective way for the regulation of interfacial polymerization (IP) process in order to obtain ideal polyamide (PA) layers. However, the uncontrollable migration of surfactants and the variety in the aggregated state of surfactants result in difficulty in regulation of the morphology of PA layer. Here, nonionic surfactant Span80 is introduced in organic-phase before IP process, and the impact of the transformation of Span80 from single molecules to micelles, as well as the morphology the PA layers is systematically investigated. The function of Span80 in IP process and its impact on improving the uniformity, compactness, and separation performance of the PA layer are demonstrated by molecular simulations. As has been proved that Span80 single molecules or micelles tend to form a surfactant layer composed by Span80 single molecules at the water-organic interface due to the lower interaction energy during their migration from the organic phase to the interface. The formation of this monolayer significantly reduces the water-organic interfacial tension, which promotes the diffusion of piperazine monomer, and accelerates the IP process. As a result, with the increasing Span80 concentration, the morphology of PA layer transforms from granular structure to denser micro-spherical structure. The more uniform PA layer helps to improve the performance of this nanofiltration membrane, with the Li<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> separation ratio increasing from 2.41 to 14.72, representing an approximately 6-fold enhancement in separation efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107440"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107425
Letícia Reggiane de Carvalho Costa, Gustavo Dall Agnol, Fernanda Oliveira Vieira da Cunha, Júlia Toffoli de Oliveira, Liliana Amaral Féris
Antibiotics, particularly tetracycline (TC), are a growing environmental concern due to their persistence in water and soil, which challenges traditional treatment methods. This study explores the combination of ozone (O₃) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) as an advanced oxidation process (AOP) for enhancing TC degradation and mineralization while minimizing byproduct formation. The optimization of ozonation was achieved by evaluating parameters such as pH, contact time, ozone flow rate, and H₂O₂ presence. Three solutions were tested: i) 20 mg/L of TC; ii) 20 mg/L of TC with 2 % (v/v) H₂O₂ 35 %; and iii) 20 mg/L of TC with 0.8 % (v/v) H₂O₂ 35 %. In-silico toxicity assessments and life cycle analysis (LCA) were also conducted to assess the ecotoxicity and environmental impact of the process. The results indicated that the addition of H₂O₂ and the optimization of operational parameters significantly enhanced TC mineralization. The highest mineralization (80.1 %) was achieved with 0.8 % H₂O₂ at an ozone dosage of 5.85 g/L. Conversely, the addition of 2 % H₂O₂ resulted in a mineralization of approximately 33.9–34.1 %, even with a 33.2 % reduction in ozone dosage (from 5.85 g/L to 3.91 g/L) due to a decrease in solution pH. The toxicity assessment of TC revealed significant risks to aquatic life, underscoring the need for environmental monitoring. LCA revealed that electricity consumption is the major environmental impact of the ozonation process. These findings highlight H₂O₂ as an effective and cost-efficient catalyst in ozonation systems for TC mineralization and emphasizes the importance of understanding reaction mechanisms to optimize the process.
{"title":"Advanced oxidation of tetracycline: Synergistic ozonation and hydrogen peroxide for sustainable water treatment","authors":"Letícia Reggiane de Carvalho Costa, Gustavo Dall Agnol, Fernanda Oliveira Vieira da Cunha, Júlia Toffoli de Oliveira, Liliana Amaral Féris","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics, particularly tetracycline (TC), are a growing environmental concern due to their persistence in water and soil, which challenges traditional treatment methods. This study explores the combination of ozone (O₃) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) as an advanced oxidation process (AOP) for enhancing TC degradation and mineralization while minimizing byproduct formation. The optimization of ozonation was achieved by evaluating parameters such as pH, contact time, ozone flow rate, and H₂O₂ presence. Three solutions were tested: i) 20 mg/L of TC; ii) 20 mg/L of TC with 2 % (<em>v</em>/v) H₂O₂ 35 %; and iii) 20 mg/L of TC with 0.8 % (v/v) H₂O₂ 35 %. In-silico toxicity assessments and life cycle analysis (LCA) were also conducted to assess the ecotoxicity and environmental impact of the process. The results indicated that the addition of H₂O₂ and the optimization of operational parameters significantly enhanced TC mineralization. The highest mineralization (80.1 %) was achieved with 0.8 % H₂O₂ at an ozone dosage of 5.85 g/L. Conversely, the addition of 2 % H₂O₂ resulted in a mineralization of approximately 33.9–34.1 %, even with a 33.2 % reduction in ozone dosage (from 5.85 g/L to 3.91 g/L) due to a decrease in solution pH. The toxicity assessment of TC revealed significant risks to aquatic life, underscoring the need for environmental monitoring. LCA revealed that electricity consumption is the major environmental impact of the ozonation process. These findings highlight H₂O₂ as an effective and cost-efficient catalyst in ozonation systems for TC mineralization and emphasizes the importance of understanding reaction mechanisms to optimize the process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107425"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107355
Shuaifeng Jiang , Sijing Chen , Jinqiu Song , Yuxin Fan , Jianhua Xiong , Yongli Chen , Ziyuan Lin , Shuangfei Wang
Mariculture tailwater, characterized by high salinity and a low carbon-to‑nitrogen (C/N), presents challenges for efficient wastewater treatment. This study introduces an innovative biofilm reactor coupling partial nitrification (PN) with short-cut sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SSAD) to address these challenges without requiring additional organic carbon. Results showed that increased salinity reduced nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) while enhancing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), streamlining nitrogen removal. The system achieved a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 95.00 %, with minimal sulfate by-products. Microbial analysis revealed dominant genera Nitrosomonas (27.22 %) in PN and Thiobacillus (30.01 %) in SSAD. Functional predictions showed significant increases in amoA (+267.26 %) and decreases in nxrAB (−46.40 %) and napAB (−83.74 %) with salinity addition. These findings demonstrate the system's potential as a scalable, eco-friendly solution for mariculture wastewater treatment, advancing sustainability in aquaculture.
{"title":"Impact of salinity on nitrogen removal pathways and microbial community dynamics in a coupled partial nitrification-short-cut sulfur autotrophic denitrification system","authors":"Shuaifeng Jiang , Sijing Chen , Jinqiu Song , Yuxin Fan , Jianhua Xiong , Yongli Chen , Ziyuan Lin , Shuangfei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mariculture tailwater, characterized by high salinity and a low carbon-to‑nitrogen (C/N), presents challenges for efficient wastewater treatment. This study introduces an innovative biofilm reactor coupling partial nitrification (PN) with short-cut sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SSAD) to address these challenges without requiring additional organic carbon. Results showed that increased salinity reduced nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) while enhancing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), streamlining nitrogen removal. The system achieved a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 95.00 %, with minimal sulfate by-products. Microbial analysis revealed dominant genera <em>Nitrosomonas</em> (27.22 %) in PN and <em>Thiobacillus</em> (30.01 %) in SSAD. Functional predictions showed significant increases in <em>amoA</em> (+267.26 %) and decreases in <em>nxrAB</em> (−46.40 %) and <em>napAB</em> (−83.74 %) with salinity addition. These findings demonstrate the system's potential as a scalable, eco-friendly solution for mariculture wastewater treatment, advancing sustainability in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107355"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107392
Nurull Muna Daud , Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah , Siti Shilatul Najwa Sharuddin , Ahmad Razi Othman , Hassimi Abu Hasan , Noorashikin Md Salleh , Nur ’Izzati Ismail
Phytoremediation offers a more cost-effective and sustainable treatment for Southeast Asia's heritage fabric industry, batik, which reportedly has high costs and short-skilled labour issues. The long treatment period taken by phytoremediation treatment can be shortened through bioaugmentation with other approaches. This study explored the efficacy of a sequential phytoreactor (sPR) of the emergent plant (Scirpus grossus) and floating plant (Eichhornia crassipes) bioaugmented with Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate M1 for batik wastewater treatment. Four sets of sPRs, (PC (plant control), R (1st stage of sPR with PGPR), WR (1st stage of sPR without PGPR), and control contaminant (CC)) were prepared. All reactors except PC were continuously fed with real batik wastewater (COD: 637 ± 16 mg/L) and monitored for 21 days. At the end of exposure, it was identified that the application of K. pneumoniae isolate M1 had boosted the growth of S. grossus by 123.8 %, increased the COD removal by 13 % and shortened the time taken to reduce the contaminants contents to a certain limit. The effluent COD and colour from the 1st stage of sPR effluent were recorded as 314 mg/L and 207 ADMI, respectively. The effluent COD and colour from the 2nd stage of sPR were recorded as 407 mg/L and 428 ADMI, respectively. Despite both parameters being above standard limits, detailed characterisation of plants, wastewater and K. pneumoniae isolate M1 confirmed the significant removal of contaminant contents from batik wastewater. The analysis also proposed that the contaminants' removal mechanisms by both plants involved rhizodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytostabilisation, phytotransformation/phytodegradation and phytoextraction.
{"title":"Bioaugmentation of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate M1 in a continuous sequential phytoreactor integrating Scirpus grossus and Eichhornia crassipes plants for batik effluent treatment","authors":"Nurull Muna Daud , Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah , Siti Shilatul Najwa Sharuddin , Ahmad Razi Othman , Hassimi Abu Hasan , Noorashikin Md Salleh , Nur ’Izzati Ismail","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytoremediation offers a more cost-effective and sustainable treatment for Southeast Asia's heritage fabric industry, batik, which reportedly has high costs and short-skilled labour issues. The long treatment period taken by phytoremediation treatment can be shortened through bioaugmentation with other approaches. This study explored the efficacy of a sequential phytoreactor (sPR) of the emergent plant (<em>Scirpus grossus</em>) and floating plant (<em>Eichhornia crassipes</em>) bioaugmented with <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> isolate M1 for batik wastewater treatment. Four sets of sPRs, (PC (plant control), R (1st stage of sPR with PGPR), WR (1st stage of sPR without PGPR), and control contaminant (CC)) were prepared. All reactors except PC were continuously fed with real batik wastewater (COD: 637 ± 16 mg/L) and monitored for 21 days. At the end of exposure, it was identified that the application of <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolate M1 had boosted the growth of <em>S. grossus</em> by 123.8 %, increased the COD removal by 13 % and shortened the time taken to reduce the contaminants contents to a certain limit. The effluent COD and colour from the 1st stage of sPR effluent were recorded as 314 mg/L and 207 ADMI, respectively. The effluent COD and colour from the 2nd stage of sPR were recorded as 407 mg/L and 428 ADMI, respectively. Despite both parameters being above standard limits, detailed characterisation of plants, wastewater and <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolate M1 confirmed the significant removal of contaminant contents from batik wastewater. The analysis also proposed that the contaminants' removal mechanisms by both plants involved rhizodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytostabilisation, phytotransformation/phytodegradation and phytoextraction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107392"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107459
Chi-Wen Lin , Chung-Yen Yeh , Chih-Yu Ma , Shu-Hui Liu
Although microorganisms in bio-Fenton (BF) systems can produce hydrogen peroxide autonomously, reducing the demand for external H₂O₂ addition, Fe3+ accumulation, and the formation of iron sludge are persistent challenges. This study investigates the effects of iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) and deoxidizing and iron-releasing sticks (DIRS) on the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle in a baffled bioreactor (BBR). Performance enhancements were evaluated using parameters such as dissolved oxygen levels, H₂O₂, hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation, and Fe3+/Fe2+ ratios in the system. Results indicated that the electrochemically active surface area of DIRS, measured by cyclic voltammetry (0.368 mA/cm2), was 92 times greater than that of conventional carbon cloth, with a charge transfer internal resistance of only 795 Ω—30.1 % of the carbon cloth's value. Surface analysis showed that DIRS had abundant functional groups and a higher carbon-to‑oxygen ratio. Compared to unmodified wool brushes, DIRS exhibited considerably enhanced microbial adhesion after experiments, leading to a 1.05–1.35-fold increase in H2O2 production. Furthermore, the Fe2+/Fetotal ratio improved from 17.4 % to 91 %. Notably, DIRS-enriched IRB such as Acidovorax, Pseudomonas, and Shewanella were identified, demonstrating their potential for in situ BF wastewater treatment applications. Therefore, the DIRS surface can be favorable for microorganisms to form biofilm and for Fe-reducing bacteria to become a dominant species.
{"title":"Enhancing the Fe3+/Fe2+ biocatalytic cycle using deoxidizing and iron-releasing sticks to improve bio-fenton efficiency","authors":"Chi-Wen Lin , Chung-Yen Yeh , Chih-Yu Ma , Shu-Hui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although microorganisms in bio-Fenton (BF) systems can produce hydrogen peroxide autonomously, reducing the demand for external H₂O₂ addition, Fe<sup>3+</sup> accumulation, and the formation of iron sludge are persistent challenges. This study investigates the effects of iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) and deoxidizing and iron-releasing sticks (DIRS) on the Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> cycle in a baffled bioreactor (BBR). Performance enhancements were evaluated using parameters such as dissolved oxygen levels, H₂O₂, hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation, and Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>2+</sup> ratios in the system. Results indicated that the electrochemically active surface area of DIRS, measured by cyclic voltammetry (0.368 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>), was 92 times greater than that of conventional carbon cloth, with a charge transfer internal resistance of only 795 Ω—30.1 % of the carbon cloth's value. Surface analysis showed that DIRS had abundant functional groups and a higher carbon-to‑oxygen ratio. Compared to unmodified wool brushes, DIRS exhibited considerably enhanced microbial adhesion after experiments, leading to a 1.05–1.35-fold increase in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production. Furthermore, the Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sub>total</sub> ratio improved from 17.4 % to 91 %. Notably, DIRS-enriched IRB such as <em>Acidovorax</em>, <em>Pseudomonas</em>, and <em>Shewanella</em> were identified, demonstrating their potential for in situ BF wastewater treatment applications. Therefore, the DIRS surface can be favorable for microorganisms to form biofilm and for Fe-reducing bacteria to become a dominant species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107459"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107422
Yingying Yang , Xiaodong Wang , Yuxing Wu , Feng Li , Zakhar Maletskyi , Shanshan Chen , Mingyue Tang , Zhiwen Song
Biological denitrification in wastewater treatment requires efficient carbon source management to maintain optimal process performance. This study addresses the approach of integrating a soft sensor model with model predictive control (MPC) for carbon source dosing control. A mechanistic model incorporating the heterotrophic yield coefficient was developed to determine external carbon requirements, while a multi-level feedback correction loop was introduced to enhance system adaptability. The proposed system was implemented and evaluated in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), demonstrating a 34.3 % reduction in carbon consumption, resulting in annual cost savings of USD 266,000. The results confirm that real-time soft sensor enabled MPC control improves process efficiency while maintaining stable nitrogen removal performance. This study provides a scalable and intelligent approach to wastewater treatment automation, emphasizing that practical implementation should not be delayed by concerns over model accuracy, as even moderate prediction deviations do not hinder the overall effectiveness of real-time control.
{"title":"Integration of soft sensors and model predictive control for denitrification at a full-scale wastewater treatment plant","authors":"Yingying Yang , Xiaodong Wang , Yuxing Wu , Feng Li , Zakhar Maletskyi , Shanshan Chen , Mingyue Tang , Zhiwen Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological denitrification in wastewater treatment requires efficient carbon source management to maintain optimal process performance. This study addresses the approach of integrating a soft sensor model with model predictive control (MPC) for carbon source dosing control. A mechanistic model incorporating the heterotrophic yield coefficient was developed to determine external carbon requirements, while a multi-level feedback correction loop was introduced to enhance system adaptability. The proposed system was implemented and evaluated in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), demonstrating a 34.3 % reduction in carbon consumption, resulting in annual cost savings of USD 266,000. The results confirm that real-time soft sensor enabled MPC control improves process efficiency while maintaining stable nitrogen removal performance. This study provides a scalable and intelligent approach to wastewater treatment automation, emphasizing that practical implementation should not be delayed by concerns over model accuracy, as even moderate prediction deviations do not hinder the overall effectiveness of real-time control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 107422"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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