Journal of water process engineering最新文献_第4页

Comparative study on the growth and phytoremediation efficiency of key submerged plants and nitrogen dynamics under varying ammonia nitrogen concentrations 不同氨氮浓度下关键沉水植物生长、修复效率及氮动态的比较研究

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109568

Fenglin Tan , Zohaib Noor , Yaohua Shi , Zhifeng Gu

Nitrogen in water bodies are a serious threat to aquatic life, accounting for major water pollution. It severely impacts biodiversity and threatens human health; therefore, the effective development of biological remediation techniques is essential. Submerged plants are the primary producers and potent agents for biological remediation in the aquatic environment and effectively absorb nitrogen; however, the comparative research on the nitrogen removal efficiency, especially regarding the submerged plant species selected here, is rare. We evaluated the nitrogen removal efficiency of six key submerged plants, such as Egeria densa (ED), Myriophyllum verticillatum (MV), Ceratophyllum demersum (CD), Ceratopteris cornuta (CC), Hydrilla verticillata (HV), and Najas indica (NI) under different ammonium chloride levels (C0–C4). Water quality parameters, including chlorophylla and growth rates, help in the evaluation of the nitrogen removal rate and choosing an efficient plant. Among the studied plants, MV, HV, and NI groups exhibited negative growth, making them unsuitable for nitrogen remediation. While CC attained the highest biomass gains (66.91–96.52%) across all nitrogen levels, outperforming others. Ammonia and DIN concentrations decreased, while nitrite and nitrate initially surged before dropping, followed by a later nitrate peak. Water quality parameters, such as Dissolved oxygen, reduced, then recovered, and pH followed a rise-fall-rise pattern. Higher initial ammonia concentrations lowered removal rates across groups, but CC attained the highest rates (84.72–92.65%). Among the six species studied, the CC outpaced the other species in growth and DIN removal. Thus, positioning it as the superior plant for eutrophication and water quality treatment.

水体中的氮是对水生生物的严重威胁，是水体污染的主要来源。严重影响生物多样性，威胁人类健康；因此，有效开发生物修复技术势在必行。沉水植物是水生环境的主要生产者和生物修复的有力剂，能有效吸收氮；然而，对氮去除效率的比较研究，特别是对本文选择的沉水植物种类的比较研究还很少。研究了不同氯化铵水平（C0-C4）对6种关键沉水植物（Egeria densa， ED）、Myriophyllum verticillatum （MV）、Ceratophyllum demersum （CD）、Ceratopteris cornuta （CC）、Hydrilla verticillata （HV）和Najas indica （NI）的脱氮效果。水质参数，包括叶绿素和生长速率，有助于评价氮的去除速度和选择有效的植物。在所研究的植物中，MV、HV和NI组表现为负生长，不适合进行氮修复。在各氮素水平下，CC的生物量增幅最高（66.91 ~ 96.52%），优于其他氮素水平。氨和DIN的浓度下降，而亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的浓度开始上升，然后下降，随后是硝酸盐的峰值。溶解氧等水质参数先降低后恢复，pH值呈上升-下降-上升模式。较高的初始氨浓度降低了各组的去除率，但CC的去除率最高（84.72-92.65%）。在研究的6个物种中，CC在生长和去除DIN方面优于其他物种。从而将其定位为富营养化和水质处理的优越植物。

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引用次数: 0

Tackling microplastics and their ecological risks in industrial wastewater: Evaluation of the removal efficiency of continuous-flow activated sludge and sequencing batch reactors 处理工业废水中的微塑料及其生态风险：连续流活性污泥和序批式反应器去除效果评价

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109499

MohammadMehdi Fowzi , Amir Hosseinzadeh , Gangadhar Andaluri , Chijioke Emenike , Karim Ebrahimpour

Microplastics (MPs) are recognized as emerging contaminants in wastewater due to their persistence and ecological risks. This study assessed the abundance, morphology, polymer composition, removal efficiency, and ecological risk of MPs in the industrial wastewater treatment plant which operates Continuous-Flow Activated Sludge (CFAS) and Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) systems. Sampling spots over winter season included influent, grit chamber, chemical removal, anaerobic tanks, effluent, and sand filtration. MPs were extracted using Fe(II)/H₂O₂ digestion and ZnCl₂ density separation, quantified by stereomicroscopy, and characterized via micro-Raman spectroscopy. Influent MPs ranged from 237.5 to 455 MPs/L, mostly fibers (up to 65%) from textile and packaging sources. Removal efficiencies of CFAS and SBR were 72–88% and 86–96%, respectively, with SBR showing superior fragment removal. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene dominated (>80%). Ecological risk assessment indicated moderate to considerable risks, with PLI >1, PHI medium to high, and ERI exceeding 1200 in some months. Given that treated effluents are reused for irrigation, residual MPs may threaten ecosystems and human health. Findings highlight the need for improved treatment technologies and stricter management to reduce MP release from industrial wastewater.

微塑料（MPs）由于其持久性和生态风险而被认为是废水中的新兴污染物。本研究评估了使用连续流活性污泥（CFAS）和序批式反应器（SBR）系统的工业废水处理厂中MPs的丰度、形态、聚合物组成、去除效率和生态风险。冬季的采样点包括进水、砂砾室、化学去除、厌氧池、污水和砂过滤。MPs采用Fe(II)/H₂O₂消解和ZnCl₂密度分离提取，体视显微镜定量，微拉曼光谱表征。流入的MPs从237.5到455 MPs/L不等，主要是纺织品和包装来源的纤维（高达65%）。CFAS和SBR的去除率分别为72 ~ 88%和86 ~ 96%，其中SBR的片段去除率更高。聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯占主导地位（80%）。生态风险评价显示中度至相当程度的风险，个别月份PLI为1，PHI为中高，ERI超过1200。考虑到处理后的废水被重新用于灌溉，残留的MPs可能会威胁生态系统和人类健康。研究结果强调需要改进处理技术和更严格的管理，以减少工业废水中的MP排放。

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引用次数: 0

Double-layer interfacial evaporator with superior salt rejection for efficient solar desalination with floating absorbers 具有超强排盐性能的双层界面蒸发器，可用于具有浮动吸收器的高效太阳能海水淡化

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109543

Ashish Chandran K. , Sujith Kumar C.S.

Diminishing freshwater resources globally, coupled with increasing fresh water scarcity, underscore the need for sustainable, eco-friendly, and efficient solar desalination strategies to meet global water demands, and solar-driven interfacial evaporation offers a promising solution. However, the poor stability, complex preparation methods, low salt resistance, and high cost of existing evaporators necessitate further development. In this context, we introduce a novel double-layer interfacial evaporator with top and bottom hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) chamois cloth for evaporation and capillary water transport respectively. This double-layer evaporator under irradiation of 1-sun demonstrates a remarkable evaporation rate of 2.04

kg m^{- 2} h^{- 1}

, in NaCl solution (3.5 wt%). Long-term operation reveals an efficient salt diffusion mechanism, significantly enhancing the stable operational capability of the evaporator. The bare PVA-chamois evaporator subjected to 15 cycles of evaporation tests at 1-sun (

kW / m^{2}

) condition verifies the reusability and stability. By leveraging effective thermal management and salt rejection capabilities, this stable interfacial evaporator paves the way for its deployment in solar desalination units, helping to alleviate freshwater scarcity.

全球淡水资源的减少，加上淡水短缺的加剧，强调了可持续、环保和高效的太阳能海水淡化战略的必要性，以满足全球的用水需求，而太阳能驱动的界面蒸发提供了一个很有前途的解决方案。但现有蒸发器稳定性差、制备方法复杂、耐盐性低、成本高，需要进一步开发。在此背景下，我们介绍了一种新型的双层界面蒸发器，顶部和底部分别用亲水性聚乙烯醇（PVA）岩羊皮布进行蒸发和毛细管输水。该双层蒸发器在1-sun照射下，在NaCl溶液（3.5 wt%）中的蒸发速率为2.04 kgm−2h−1。长期运行显示出有效的盐扩散机制，显著提高了蒸发器的稳定运行能力。裸pva -麂皮蒸发器在1太阳（kW/m2）条件下进行了15次循环蒸发试验，验证了其可重复使用性和稳定性。通过利用有效的热管理和排盐能力，这种稳定的界面蒸发器为其在太阳能海水淡化装置中的部署铺平了道路，有助于缓解淡水短缺。

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引用次数: 0

Material differentiation: Unique applications of cobalt(II,III) oxide@manganese dioxide complex on titanium matrix in electrochemical chlorine deposition and ammonia nitrogen degradation 材料分化：钛基上钴（II，III） oxide@manganese二氧化钛配合物在电化学氯沉积和氨氮降解中的独特应用

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109563

Ting Peng , KeXuan Wu , Jing Cao

In the field of electrochemistry, while Co₃O₄@MnO₂ composite materials are no longer novel, research on their application in chlorine evolution reaction (CER) and ammonia nitrogen degradation remains scarce. This study employs a two-step hydrothermal synthesis to design a Co₃O₄@MnO₂/Ti catalyst featuring a unique nano-flower structure. This structure significantly increases electrochemical active sites and enhances charge transfer, thereby driving a remarkable improvement in CER performance. During secondary hydrothermal treatment and calcination, electrons transfer from Co²⁺ to Mn⁴⁺ (Co²⁺ + Mn⁴⁺ → Co³⁺ + Mn³⁺). Co₃O₄ incorporation promotes oxygen vacancy formation, and the synergistic interaction between Co³⁺ and Mn³⁺ dual active sites modulates the local electronic structure, effectively suppressing competitive OER and significantly improving CER selectivity. With a specific surface area of 109.9 m²/g and a charge transfer resistance reduced to 1.47 Ω, Co₃O₄@MnO₂ catalyst not only achieves an impressive current efficiency of 92.5% in neutral 0.6 M sodium chloride solution—over 200% higher than conventional MnO₂ (current efficiency of 28.3%) — but also demonstrates a 30% enhancement in ammonia nitrogen degradation efficiency. Furthermore, it also exhibits superior performance compared to Co₃O₄. These significant innovations and distinctive features provide valuable guidance for optimizing composite material designs.

在电化学领域，虽然Co3O4@MnO2复合材料已不再新颖，但其在氯析出反应（CER）和氨氮降解中的应用研究仍然很少。本研究采用两步水热合成法设计了一种具有独特纳米花结构的Co3O4@MnO2/Ti催化剂。这种结构显著增加了电化学活性位点，增强了电荷转移，从而显著提高了CER性能。在二次水热处理和煅烧过程中，电子从Co2+向Mn4+转移（Co2+ + Mn4+→Co3+ + Mn3+）。Co3O4的加入促进了氧空位的形成，Co3+和Mn3+双活性位点之间的协同相互作用调节了局部电子结构，有效抑制了竞争性OER，显著提高了CER选择性。Co3O4@MnO2催化剂的比表面积为109.9 m2/g，电荷转移电阻降至1.47 Ω，不仅在中性0.6 M氯化钠溶液中实现了令人印象深刻的92.5%的电流效率，比传统MnO2（28.3%的电流效率）高出200%以上，而且还显示了30%的氨氮降解效率提高。此外，与Co3O4相比，它还表现出更优越的性能。这些显著的创新和独特的特性为优化复合材料设计提供了有价值的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient uranium adsorption performance of TiO2 nanoparticles through the bridging effect of SiO2 and the high selectivity of amidoxime 二氧化钛纳米粒子通过SiO2的桥接作用和偕胺肟的高选择性获得了高效的铀吸附性能

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109554

Sha Yang, Zhengqi Yang, Zhiyu Hou, Jun Liao, Lielin Wang, Congcong Ding, Lin Zhang

In this work, a SiO₂-doped and amidoxime-grafted TiO₂-based material was synthesized, exhibiting high uranium adsorption performance due to the bridging effect of SiO₂ and the high selectivity of the amidoxime group. The successful preparation of modified materials has been validated by means of modern analytical testing techniques (scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction). In the adsorption experiment, the TiO₂-based material exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 648.4 mg/g within 90 min at pH = 5 and the adsorption efficiency attained 99.1% under low-concentration conditions (C₀ = 10 mg/L). The high efficiency adsorption for U(VI) on the TiO₂-based material could be attributed to the strong synergistic complexation of -OH and amidoxime groups with U(VI). Meanwhile, the adsorption process was also contributed by redox reaction, electrostatic attraction and the transport of interlayer bound water. Overall, the SiO₂-doped and amidoxime-grafted TiO₂-based material exhibited superior adsorption performance, positioning it as a promising adsorbent for the treatment of U(VI)-containing wastewater.

本文合成了一种SiO2掺杂偕胺肟接枝的tio2基材料，由于SiO2的桥接作用和偕胺肟基团的高选择性，该材料具有较高的铀吸附性能。通过现代分析测试技术（扫描电子显微镜、x射线光电子能谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和x射线衍射）验证了改性材料的成功制备。在吸附实验中，tio2基材料在pH = 5条件下，90 min内的最大吸附量为648.4 mg/g，在低浓度条件下（C0 = 10 mg/L），吸附效率达到99.1%。tio2基材料对U（VI）的高效吸附可归因于-OH和偕胺肟基团与U（VI）的强协同络合作用。同时，氧化还原反应、静电吸引和层间结合水的输送也对吸附过程有促进作用。综上所述，sio2掺杂和偕胺肟接枝的tio2基材料表现出优异的吸附性能，使其成为处理含U（VI）废水的有前途的吸附剂。

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引用次数: 0

Nitrogen removal performance and microbial communities during wastewater treatment through anammox: Effect of HRT and COD content 厌氧氨氧化处理废水过程中氮去除性能及微生物群落：HRT和COD含量的影响

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109564

Yunhui Pu , Yao Xiong , Yan Liu , Yang Luo , Ruoran Liu , Jingyun Chen , Dan Xu , Jialing Tang , Shah Faisal , Abdelfatah Abomohra , Qingyuan Wang

Anammox is a promising pathway for wastewater treatment, but the effects of operation conditions on nitrogen removal performance and microbial mechanisms were not fully explored. In this study, the impacts of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) content on anammox processes were systematically investigated. It was found that with the decrease of HRT from 24 to 8 h, high ammonia and nitrite removal efficiencies could be observed, while total nitrogen (TN) removal gradually increased to over 80%. Additionally, with the addition of organics in influent, TN removal efficiency further increased (95%) and exhibited a linear relationship with the COD content. After adding organics, denitrification processes were obviously enhanced, but anammox pathway was restricted due to nitrite competition. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), especially proteins in bound EPS obviously accumulated. Although anammox bacteria slightly reduced with the increase of COD content, denitrifying bacteria (e.g. Ignavibacterium, Paracoccus and Acinetobacter) were largely enriched in activated sludge, which contributed to nitrate conversion and total nitrogen removal. Results of this study revealed the effect of HRT and COD content on nitrogen removal performance and sludge properties in anammox system, and provided useful information for system operation.

厌氧氨氧化是一种很有前途的污水处理途径，但操作条件对脱氮性能的影响及其微生物机制尚未得到充分探讨。本研究系统研究了水力停留时间（HRT）和化学需氧量（COD）含量对厌氧氨氧化过程的影响。结果表明，随着HRT从24 h降低至8 h，氨氮和亚硝酸盐的去除率较高，总氮（TN）去除率逐渐提高至80%以上。此外，随着进水中有机物的添加，TN去除率进一步提高（95%），并与COD含量呈线性关系。添加有机物后，反硝化过程明显增强，但由于亚硝酸盐的竞争，厌氧氨氧化途径受到限制。细胞外聚合物质（EPS），特别是结合EPS中的蛋白质明显积累。虽然厌氧氨氧化菌随着COD含量的增加而略有减少，但反硝化菌（如Ignavibacterium、Paracoccus和Acinetobacter）在活性污泥中大量富集，有助于硝酸盐的转化和总氮的去除。研究结果揭示了HRT和COD含量对厌氧氨氧化系统脱氮性能和污泥特性的影响，为系统运行提供了有益的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Extreme-pH, high-temperature regeneration of end-of-life RO membranes for semiconductor ultrapure water production: Performance recovery and full-scale field assessment 用于半导体超纯水生产的反渗透膜的极端ph、高温再生：性能恢复和全面现场评估

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109481

Chulmin Lee , Masamitsu iiyama , Seong Min Kang

High-temperature, extreme-pH cleaning can regenerate end-of-life reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for reuse in ultrapure water (UPW) systems. In lab-scale tests, a two-step protocol—60 °C NaOH followed by HCl—restored ≥95% of original water permeability while keeping salt rejection loss under 2.8%. Fouling analysis confirmed the presence of organic-dominant composite layers with embedded silica and metals, which were effectively removed by sequential chemical treatment. Twelve full-size elements underwent full-scale cleaning, of which eight met reuse criteria (≥95% flux recovery, <3% rejection loss). Field testing over 214 days demonstrated that regenerated modules maintained a lower absolute TMP rise (0.85 bar, 7.71%) than newly installed RO elements (0.93–1.02 bar), owing to prior compaction and structural stabilization. Salt rejection in regenerated elements improved from 98.8% to 98.9%, while new membranes showed slight declines, converging near 99.5%. These results confirm that properly regenerated and screened RO membranes can deliver performance equivalent to new elements in UPW systems. Adopting a selective reuse strategy based on membrane history and post-cleaning performance offers a practical path toward reduced waste, extended module life, and more circular membrane management in high-purity water applications.

高温、极端ph值清洗可以再生报废的反渗透（RO）膜，用于超纯水（UPW）系统。在实验室规模的测试中，两步方案- 60°C NaOH和盐酸-恢复了≥95%的原始水渗透性，同时将盐的抑制损失保持在2.8%以下。污垢分析证实了有机优势复合层的存在，其中嵌入了二氧化硅和金属，通过顺序化学处理有效地去除了这些层。12个全尺寸元件进行了全尺寸清洗，其中8个满足重复使用标准（通量回收率≥95%，拒绝损失<；3%）。214天的现场测试表明，由于预先压实和结构稳定，再生模块的绝对TMP升幅（0.85 bar, 7.71%）低于新安装的RO元件（0.93-1.02 bar）。再生膜的排盐率从98.8%提高到98.9%，而新膜的排盐率略有下降，接近99.5%。这些结果证实，经过适当再生和筛选的RO膜可以提供与UPW系统中新元件相当的性能。采用基于膜历史和清洗后性能的选择性再利用策略，为减少浪费、延长模块寿命和在高纯水应用中实现更循环的膜管理提供了切实可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced volatile fatty acids production from kitchen waste by peroxyacetic acid pretreatment: Insights into organic solubilization and microbial community succession 通过过氧乙酸预处理提高厨房垃圾挥发性脂肪酸的生产：对有机增溶和微生物群落演替的见解

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109574

Huikun Yan , Hui Li , Wanqing Wang , Zhenhua Wang , Zhuangzhuang Xiang , Jie Bai , Hongyang Wang , Xiao Huang

The efficient solubilization of organic substrates through cell membrane and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) disruption remains a critical challenge in volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from kitchen waste (KW). This study systematically investigated an advanced Peroxyacetic acid (PAA) oxidation pretreatment to overcome this limitation, achieving both enhanced VFAs yield and selective acetate enrichment. The optimized PAA dosage (50 mg/g TSS) demonstrated remarkable performance, increasing total VFAs production from 4818 to 24,338 mg COD/L (a 405% improvement), with acetate constituting 98.64% of total VFAs. Comprehensive mechanistic analysis revealed that PAA pretreatment effectively degraded EPS and enhanced cell lysis, releasing substantial soluble organic matter. After 24-h treatment with 50 mg/g TSS, protein and polysaccharide concentrations reached 5107 mg/L and 12,804 mg/L, respectively, representing 3.2-fold and 2.9-fold increases compared to the control group. This significantly improved substrate availability for subsequent hydrolysis and acidogenesis processes. Microbial community analysis revealed that PAA pretreatment significantly enriched hydrolytic and acidogenic bacterial consortia (e.g., Comamonas and Acinetobacter) while enhancing the activities of key metabolic enzymes, including phosphofructokinase (glycolysis), L-lactate dehydrogenase, and acetate kinase. The pronounced acetate kinase activity elevation mechanistically explained the observed acetate dominance. These findings demonstrate a potentially practical technology for targeted acetate production from waste kitchen materials, offering new possibilities for sustainable resource recovery.

通过破坏细胞膜和细胞外聚合物（EPS）有效地溶解有机底物仍然是厨房垃圾（KW）生产挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）的关键挑战。本研究系统地研究了一种先进的过氧乙酸（PAA）氧化预处理方法来克服这一限制，既提高了VFAs的收率，又实现了选择性的乙酸富集。优化后的PAA投加量（50 mg/g TSS）效果显著，总VFAs产量从4818 mg/ L提高到24338 mg/ L（提高405%），其中乙酸占总VFAs的98.64%。综合机理分析表明，PAA预处理能有效降解EPS，促进细胞裂解，释放大量可溶性有机物。50 mg/g TSS处理24 h后，蛋白质和多糖浓度分别达到5107 mg/L和12804 mg/L，分别比对照组提高了3.2倍和2.9倍。这大大提高了后续水解和酸生成过程的底物可用性。微生物群落分析显示，PAA预处理显著增加了水解和产酸菌群（如单胞菌和不动杆菌），同时提高了关键代谢酶的活性，包括磷酸果糖激酶（糖酵解）、l -乳酸脱氢酶和醋酸激酶。明显的醋酸激酶活性升高机制解释了观察到的醋酸优势。这些发现展示了一种潜在的实用技术，用于从废弃厨房材料中生产醋酸盐，为可持续资源回收提供了新的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Separation of selected pharmaceuticals using commercially available nanofiltration membranes – Analysis of the influence of process parameters 用市售纳滤膜分离选定药品。工艺参数影响的分析

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109488

Obinna Anike, Jiří Cuhorka, Petr Mikulášek

The persistence of pharmaceutical residues in our water bodies is becoming worrisome due to its potential health hazards and ecological challenges, hence necessitating the need for advance treatment technologies. Despite the growing interest in membrane filtration, comprehensive evaluations using real-world conditions remain scarce. With focus on rejection efficiency, membrane selectivity and optimisation of process parameters for Atenolol (ATN), Metformin (MET) and Norfloxacin (NFX), our study investigated the effectiveness of polyamide thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes (AFC 30 and AFC 40) in treating synthetic wastewater mimicking real life conditions. We utilised a Box-Behnken experimental design (BDD) and feed concentration as low as 250 μg L^-1 to examine the impact of pH, transmembrane pressure, flowrate and membrane type on pharmaceutical rejection and permeate flux. Models that were based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were able to accurately predict results with 95% accuracy. Under optimized conditions, AFC 30, a denser membrane, showcased superior rejection efficiencies of 97.33 ± 0.01% (NFX), 94.55 ± 0.01% (ATN), and 69.54 ± 0.01% (MET), with corresponding flux rates of 91.02 ± 0.95 L m⁻² h⁻¹, 96.42 ± 0.91 L m⁻² h⁻¹, and 85.87 ± 0.28 L m⁻² h⁻¹, respectively. Conversely, AFC 40 demonstrated superior performance in high throughput separation and proved to be a looser membrane with fluxes recorded as 163.05 ± 0.29 L m⁻² h⁻¹, 156.78 ± 0.46 L m⁻² h⁻¹, 169.56 ± 0.17 L m⁻² h⁻¹ for ATN, MET and NFX respectively at a pH of 7, 30 bar, 27.5 °C and 10 Lmin⁻¹. In contrast to other studies, this study uses the Spiegler-Kedem model (SKM) to clarify solute transport mechanism, and the result shows a good correlation between the theoretical and experimental rejection with a deviation of about 5%. This results demonstrate the crucial significance of membrane characteristics, operating conditions and nature of pharmaceutical on pharmaceutical removal, providing valuable insights for improving the process.

由于潜在的健康危害和生态挑战，我们水体中持续存在的药物残留物正变得令人担忧，因此需要先进的处理技术。尽管人们对膜过滤的兴趣越来越大，但使用现实条件的综合评估仍然很少。以阿替洛尔（ATN）、二甲双胍（MET）和诺氟沙星（NFX）的过滤效率、膜选择性和工艺参数优化为重点，研究了聚酰胺薄膜复合纳滤膜（AFC 30和AFC 40）在模拟现实生活条件下处理合成废水的效果。采用Box-Behnken实验设计（BDD），饲料浓度低至250 μg L-1，考察pH、跨膜压力、流速和膜类型对药物排斥反应和渗透通量的影响。基于响应面法（RSM）的模型能够准确预测结果，准确率为95%。在优化条件下，AFC 30膜的过滤效率为97.33±0.01% （NFX）、94.55±0.01% （ATN）和69.54±0.01% (MET)，相应的通量分别为91.02±0.95 L m−2 h−1、96.42±0.91 L m−2 h−1和85.87±0.28 L m−2 h−1。相反，AFC 40在高通量分离方面表现出优异的性能，并且在pH为7,30 bar， 27.5°C和10 Lmin - 1时，ATN， MET和NFX的通量分别为163.05±0.29 Lm−2 h−1,156.78±0.46 Lm−2 h−1,169.56±0.17 Lm−2 h−1，证明了AFC 40是一种更松散的膜。与其他研究相比，本研究采用Spiegler-Kedem模型（SKM）来阐明溶质输运机理，结果表明理论与实验的相关性较好，偏差约为5%。这一结果说明了膜特性、操作条件和药物性质对药物去除的重要意义，为改进工艺提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning-based prediction of rate constants in UV/TiO2 degradation of organic compounds 基于机器学习的有机化合物UV/TiO2降解速率常数预测

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109531

Yanlin Zhang

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on UV/TiO₂ are effective for the removal of organic pollutants in wastewater through the generation of highly reactive species. Machine learning (ML) offers a systematic approach to uncover the relationships between input features and degradation kinetics using large datasets, thereby minimizing experimental workload and supporting process optimization for water treatment. A total of 570 sets of data, including experimental parameters and molecular properties of the pollutants, were collected from 37 previous studies. Four machine learning algorithms, including artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), support vector regression (SVR), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were optimized via Optuna-based hyperparameter search with five-fold cross-validation and subsequently applied to model the apparent rate constant of organic compound degradation. Results demonstrated that XGBoost achieved the highest predictive performance (R² = 0.8366, RMSE = 0.2215 on the test set). Model interpretation was conducted using an integrated explainability framework, combining permutation importance, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values, and partial dependence plots (PDPs). Initial pollutant concentration and light intensity were identified as the most influential predictors. PDPs revealed that -log(k) increased sharply at low initial concentrations and decreased under higher irradiance. This study demonstrates that data-driven modeling combined with explainable machine learning can accurately predict photocatalytic degradation rates and reveal statistically supported trends that are consistent with established photocatalytic mechanisms. The proposed framework can guide process optimization and pollutant prioritization in UV/TiO₂-based water treatment applications.

基于UV/TiO2的高级氧化工艺（AOPs）通过产生高活性物质来有效去除废水中的有机污染物。机器学习（ML）提供了一种系统的方法来揭示使用大型数据集的输入特征和降解动力学之间的关系，从而最大限度地减少实验工作量并支持水处理过程优化。从先前的37项研究中，共收集了570组数据，包括实验参数和污染物的分子特性。通过基于optuna的超参数搜索和五重交叉验证，优化了人工神经网络（ANN）、随机森林（RF）、支持向量回归（SVR）和极端梯度提升（XGBoost） 4种机器学习算法，并将其应用于有机化合物降解表观速率常数的建模。结果表明，XGBoost在测试集中实现了最高的预测性能（R2 = 0.8366, RMSE = 0.2215）。模型解释采用综合可解释性框架，结合排列重要性、SHapley加性解释（SHapley Additive explanatory）值和部分依赖图（pdp）进行。初始污染物浓度和光照强度是影响最大的预测因子。pdp显示-log(k)在低初始浓度下急剧增加，在高辐照度下下降。该研究表明，数据驱动的建模与可解释的机器学习相结合，可以准确预测光催化降解率，并揭示与已建立的光催化机制一致的统计支持趋势。该框架可以指导UV/ tio2基水处理应用中的工艺优化和污染物优先排序。

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引用次数: 0