Journal of water process engineering最新文献_第10页

Machine learning-based prediction of rate constants in UV/TiO2 degradation of organic compounds 基于机器学习的有机化合物UV/TiO2降解速率常数预测

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109531

Yanlin Zhang

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on UV/TiO₂ are effective for the removal of organic pollutants in wastewater through the generation of highly reactive species. Machine learning (ML) offers a systematic approach to uncover the relationships between input features and degradation kinetics using large datasets, thereby minimizing experimental workload and supporting process optimization for water treatment. A total of 570 sets of data, including experimental parameters and molecular properties of the pollutants, were collected from 37 previous studies. Four machine learning algorithms, including artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), support vector regression (SVR), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were optimized via Optuna-based hyperparameter search with five-fold cross-validation and subsequently applied to model the apparent rate constant of organic compound degradation. Results demonstrated that XGBoost achieved the highest predictive performance (R² = 0.8366, RMSE = 0.2215 on the test set). Model interpretation was conducted using an integrated explainability framework, combining permutation importance, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values, and partial dependence plots (PDPs). Initial pollutant concentration and light intensity were identified as the most influential predictors. PDPs revealed that -log(k) increased sharply at low initial concentrations and decreased under higher irradiance. This study demonstrates that data-driven modeling combined with explainable machine learning can accurately predict photocatalytic degradation rates and reveal statistically supported trends that are consistent with established photocatalytic mechanisms. The proposed framework can guide process optimization and pollutant prioritization in UV/TiO₂-based water treatment applications.

基于UV/TiO2的高级氧化工艺（AOPs）通过产生高活性物质来有效去除废水中的有机污染物。机器学习（ML）提供了一种系统的方法来揭示使用大型数据集的输入特征和降解动力学之间的关系，从而最大限度地减少实验工作量并支持水处理过程优化。从先前的37项研究中，共收集了570组数据，包括实验参数和污染物的分子特性。通过基于optuna的超参数搜索和五重交叉验证，优化了人工神经网络（ANN）、随机森林（RF）、支持向量回归（SVR）和极端梯度提升（XGBoost） 4种机器学习算法，并将其应用于有机化合物降解表观速率常数的建模。结果表明，XGBoost在测试集中实现了最高的预测性能（R2 = 0.8366, RMSE = 0.2215）。模型解释采用综合可解释性框架，结合排列重要性、SHapley加性解释（SHapley Additive explanatory）值和部分依赖图（pdp）进行。初始污染物浓度和光照强度是影响最大的预测因子。pdp显示-log(k)在低初始浓度下急剧增加，在高辐照度下下降。该研究表明，数据驱动的建模与可解释的机器学习相结合，可以准确预测光催化降解率，并揭示与已建立的光催化机制一致的统计支持趋势。该框架可以指导UV/ tio2基水处理应用中的工艺优化和污染物优先排序。

{"title":"Machine learning-based prediction of rate constants in UV/TiO2 degradation of organic compounds","authors":"Yanlin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on UV/TiO<sub>2</sub> are effective for the removal of organic pollutants in wastewater through the generation of highly reactive species. Machine learning (ML) offers a systematic approach to uncover the relationships between input features and degradation kinetics using large datasets, thereby minimizing experimental workload and supporting process optimization for water treatment. A total of 570 sets of data, including experimental parameters and molecular properties of the pollutants, were collected from 37 previous studies. Four machine learning algorithms, including artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), support vector regression (SVR), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were optimized <em>via</em> Optuna-based hyperparameter search with five-fold cross-validation and subsequently applied to model the apparent rate constant of organic compound degradation. Results demonstrated that XGBoost achieved the highest predictive performance (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.8366, RMSE = 0.2215 on the test set). Model interpretation was conducted using an integrated explainability framework, combining permutation importance, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values, and partial dependence plots (PDPs). Initial pollutant concentration and light intensity were identified as the most influential predictors. PDPs revealed that -log(k) increased sharply at low initial concentrations and decreased under higher irradiance. This study demonstrates that data-driven modeling combined with explainable machine learning can accurately predict photocatalytic degradation rates and reveal statistically supported trends that are consistent with established photocatalytic mechanisms. The proposed framework can guide process optimization and pollutant prioritization in UV/TiO<sub>2</sub>-based water treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109531"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Orange peel-derived iron-doped biochar for efficient and rapid Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B: Role of temperature-induced iron species evolution 橙子皮衍生的铁掺杂生物炭用于罗丹明B的高效快速fenton降解：温度诱导铁物种进化的作用

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109577

Xue-Ying Mao , Yan-Lin Liu , Chun-Yan Cao , Huan Wang , Shuang Wang , Yong-Hua Zhao

This study developed an efficient Fenton-like catalyst by pyrolyzing a mixture of orange peel and ferric nitrate in an inert atmosphere to produce iron-doped biochar (Fe/BC) for Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation. The materials were characterized by XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, XPS, and low-temperature N₂ adsorption-desorption measurements. The results showed that pyrolysis temperature significantly influenced the iron species in Fe/BC. Fe₃O₄ was dominant at 600 °C, while metallic iron (Fe⁰) and iron carbide (Fe₃C) prevailed above 650 °C. These structural changes directly affected catalytic activity. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations based on adsorption energies and charge transfer analysis indicated that the superior activity of Fe₃C-Fe⁰/BC over Fe₃O₄/BC was associated with its stronger RhB adsorption and enhanced interfacial electron transfer. The Fenton-like system composed of Fe/BC-800 (pyrolyzed at 800 °C) demonstrated optimal performance, achieving 97.3% RhB degradation under specific conditions (0.3 mL H₂O₂, 0.04 g Fe/BC-800, 50 mL 20 mg·L⁻¹ RhB, pH 4.82, 25 °C, and 25 min). Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) were confirmed as the primary oxidants based on radical trapping tests and EPR spin trapping evidence to drive RhB degradation through sequential reactions including stepwise N-deethylation and cleavage of the chromophore structure, thereby achieving its thorough degradation. This work not only presented a high-performance, biomass-derived catalyst for advanced oxidation processes but also provided fundamental insight into the critical role of iron speciation in governing Fenton-like catalytic activity. These findings offered a valuable strategy for sustainable water treatment.

本研究开发了一种高效的类fenton催化剂，通过在惰性气氛中热解橙皮和硝酸铁的混合物来生产铁掺杂生物炭（Fe/BC），用于罗丹明B （RhB）的降解。采用XRD、Raman、SEM、TEM、XPS和低温氮气吸附-脱附等手段对材料进行了表征。结果表明，热解温度对Fe/BC中铁的形态有显著影响。600℃以上以Fe3O4为主，650℃以上以金属铁（Fe0）和碳化铁（Fe3C）为主。这些结构变化直接影响催化活性。基于吸附能和电荷转移分析的密度泛函理论（DFT）计算表明，Fe3C-Fe0/BC的活性优于Fe3O4/BC，与其更强的RhB吸附和界面电子转移有关。在特定条件下（0.3 mL H2O2, 0.04 g Fe/BC-800, 50 mL 20 mg·L−1 RhB, pH 4.82, 25°C, 25 min），由Fe/BC-800组成的Fenton-like体系表现出最佳的性能，RhB降解率达到97.3%。基于自由基捕获试验和EPR自旋捕获证据，证实羟基自由基（·OH）是主要氧化剂，通过逐步n -去乙基化和裂解发色团结构等一系列反应驱动RhB降解，从而实现RhB的彻底降解。这项工作不仅为高级氧化过程提供了一种高性能的生物质衍生催化剂，而且为铁形态在控制芬顿催化活性中的关键作用提供了基本见解。这些发现为可持续水处理提供了有价值的策略。

{"title":"Orange peel-derived iron-doped biochar for efficient and rapid Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B: Role of temperature-induced iron species evolution","authors":"Xue-Ying Mao , Yan-Lin Liu , Chun-Yan Cao , Huan Wang , Shuang Wang , Yong-Hua Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed an efficient Fenton-like catalyst by pyrolyzing a mixture of orange peel and ferric nitrate in an inert atmosphere to produce iron-doped biochar (Fe/BC) for Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation. The materials were characterized by XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, XPS, and low-temperature N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption measurements. The results showed that pyrolysis temperature significantly influenced the iron species in Fe/BC. Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was dominant at 600 °C, while metallic iron (Fe<sup>0</sup>) and iron carbide (Fe<sub>3</sub>C) prevailed above 650 °C. These structural changes directly affected catalytic activity. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations based on adsorption energies and charge transfer analysis indicated that the superior activity of Fe<sub>3</sub>C-Fe<sup>0</sup>/BC over Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/BC was associated with its stronger RhB adsorption and enhanced interfacial electron transfer. The Fenton-like system composed of Fe/BC-800 (pyrolyzed at 800 °C) demonstrated optimal performance, achieving 97.3% RhB degradation under specific conditions (0.3 mL H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, 0.04 g Fe/BC-800, 50 mL 20 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> RhB, pH 4.82, 25 °C, and 25 min). Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) were confirmed as the primary oxidants based on radical trapping tests and EPR spin trapping evidence to drive RhB degradation through sequential reactions including stepwise N-deethylation and cleavage of the chromophore structure, thereby achieving its thorough degradation. This work not only presented a high-performance, biomass-derived catalyst for advanced oxidation processes but also provided fundamental insight into the critical role of iron speciation in governing Fenton-like catalytic activity. These findings offered a valuable strategy for sustainable water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109577"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of humic substances on the removal of haloacetic acids from swimming pool water by nanofiltration 腐殖质对纳滤去除泳池水中卤乙酸的作用

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109556

Linyan Yang , Min Tao , Jielun Jiang , Qinyu Yu , Xueming Chen , Victor W.-C. Chang

Given the ubiquitous presence of humic substances (HS) in swimming pool waters (SPW) and its potential impact on haloacetic acids (HAA) removal, this study made a systematic investigation on their potential interaction during nanofiltration (NF) process. The water flux decreased by 26.6% and 11.1% for NF90 and NF270, respectively, after 24 h exposure to 30 mg/L HS, whereas the rejections of NaCl increased by 8.9% and 14.6%, HAA by 6.9% and 20.5%, and boron by 2.6% and 7.1%. Fulvic acid features the smallest particle size and the strongest hydrophobicity of all HS fractions tested, therefore showing the highest potential of depositing on the surfaces and/or into the pore channels of membranes with loose structures, and serving as the main component of HS responsible for the variations of membrane performance. The decreased hydrophilicity and pore size of membrane surface were jointly responsible for the reduced water flux. The enhanced size exclusion effect either competed against the weakened charge repulsion effect, which happened for NF270, or cooperated with the strengthened charge repulsion effect, which happened for NF90, leading to overall increased rejections of charged HAA and NaCl. For neutral compound boron, the reduced pore size was likely the main factor leading to its increased rejection. By exploring underlying interaction mechanism among trace contaminants, HS, and membranes, this study provides novel theoretical insights for the assessment of NF process.

鉴于泳池水（SPW）中普遍存在腐殖质物质（HS）及其对去除卤乙酸（HAA）的潜在影响，本研究对其在纳滤（NF）过程中的潜在相互作用进行了系统研究。30 mg/L HS处理24 h后，NF90和NF270的水通量分别下降26.6%和11.1%，而NaCl的拒绝率分别增加8.9%和14.6%，HAA增加6.9%和20.5%，硼增加2.6%和7.1%。黄腐酸在所有HS组分中具有最小的粒径和最强的疏水性，因此显示出最大的沉积在具有松散结构的膜表面和/或进入孔通道的潜力，并且是导致膜性能变化的HS的主要成分。膜表面亲水性和孔径的减小是水通量减小的共同原因。尺寸排斥效应的增强或与NF270中电荷排斥效应的减弱相竞争，或与NF90中电荷排斥效应的增强相配合，导致带电荷HAA和NaCl的整体排斥增加。对于中性化合物硼，孔径减小可能是导致其截留率增加的主要因素。本研究通过探索微量污染物、HS和膜之间潜在的相互作用机制，为NF过程的评价提供了新的理论见解。

{"title":"Role of humic substances on the removal of haloacetic acids from swimming pool water by nanofiltration","authors":"Linyan Yang , Min Tao , Jielun Jiang , Qinyu Yu , Xueming Chen , Victor W.-C. Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the ubiquitous presence of humic substances (HS) in swimming pool waters (SPW) and its potential impact on haloacetic acids (HAA) removal, this study made a systematic investigation on their potential interaction during nanofiltration (NF) process. The water flux decreased by 26.6% and 11.1% for NF90 and NF270, respectively, after 24 h exposure to 30 mg/L HS, whereas the rejections of NaCl increased by 8.9% and 14.6%, HAA by 6.9% and 20.5%, and boron by 2.6% and 7.1%. Fulvic acid features the smallest particle size and the strongest hydrophobicity of all HS fractions tested, therefore showing the highest potential of depositing on the surfaces and/or into the pore channels of membranes with loose structures, and serving as the main component of HS responsible for the variations of membrane performance. The decreased hydrophilicity and pore size of membrane surface were jointly responsible for the reduced water flux. The enhanced size exclusion effect either competed against the weakened charge repulsion effect, which happened for NF270, or cooperated with the strengthened charge repulsion effect, which happened for NF90, leading to overall increased rejections of charged HAA and NaCl. For neutral compound boron, the reduced pore size was likely the main factor leading to its increased rejection. By exploring underlying interaction mechanism among trace contaminants, HS, and membranes, this study provides novel theoretical insights for the assessment of NF process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109556"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing hardwater treatment using ultra-loose nanofiltration membranes modified with novel MOF nanoparticles 新型纳米MOF修饰的超松散纳滤膜对硬水的处理效果

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109579

Tanaz Moghadamfar , Muhammad Ahsan Khan , Carmelo Morgante , Maria Iliopoulou , José Luis Cortina , Luis J.del Valle , Bart Van der Bruggen , Mònica Reig

Nanomaterial incorporation has emerged as a powerful strategy to tune membrane permeability, selectivity and durability. In this study, ultra-loose polyamide nanofiltration membranes were fabricated by interfacial polymerisation of m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride on a commercial polyacrylonitrile substrate. Different configurations of UiO-66-NH₂ and ZIF-8-NH₂ nanoparticles were incorporated. Before membrane fabrication, nanoparticles characterization techniques confirmed nanoparticle synthesis and polyamide formation, and evaluated how nanoparticle type, configuration, and concentration influenced morphology, hydrophilicity, pore size, and separation. The aim was to understand how these structural modifications affect water permeability and hardness removal from surface waters. Active layer morphology and roughness differed clearly between configurations: membranes with nanoparticles in the interlayer had more irregular, textured surfaces, while those with nanoparticles in the active layer were smoother with visible particle deposition. ZIF-8-NH₂–modified membranes were more hydrophilic (contact angle 52°) than those with UiO-66-NH₂ (71°). All membranes had similar zeta-potential behaviour with isoelectric point (IEP) near pH 4.7, except M5—which combined ZIF-8-NH₂ in the active layer and UiO-66-NH₂ in the interlayer—showing lower IEP (pH 3.7), more negative surface charge, and the best overall performance. In addition, M5 increased permeability from 0.16 to 3.20 L/m²·h·bar and substantially improved ion rejection—Mg²⁺ by 107%, Ca²⁺ by 137%, and SO₄²⁻ by 101% compared with the control membrane. In addition, the average pore size was reduced by 26% and hydrophilicity was enhanced, lowering the contact angle from 86° to 40°. Overall, these improvements highlight the promise of modified NF membranes for efficient hardness removal in drinking water treatment.

纳米材料的掺入已经成为调节膜的渗透性、选择性和耐久性的一种强有力的策略。在本研究中，利用间苯二胺和三甲酰氯在商业聚丙烯腈底物上的界面聚合制备了超松散聚酰胺纳滤膜。加入了不同构型的UiO-66-NH₂和ZIF-8-NH₂纳米颗粒。在膜制造之前，纳米颗粒表征技术证实了纳米颗粒的合成和聚酰胺的形成，并评估了纳米颗粒的类型、构型和浓度如何影响形貌、亲水性、孔径和分离。目的是了解这些结构修饰如何影响地表水的透水性和硬度去除。活性层的形态和粗糙度在不同的构型之间有明显的差异：层间含有纳米粒子的膜表面更不规则，有纹理，而活性层中含有纳米粒子的膜表面更光滑，有可见的颗粒沉积。ZIF-8-NH₂修饰膜的亲水性（接触角为52°）优于UiO-66-NH₂修饰膜（接触角为71°）。除m5膜（活性层中ZIF-8-NH₂和中间层中UiO-66-NH₂结合）具有较低的IEP (pH 3.7)，表面负电荷较多，整体性能最佳。此外，与对照膜相比，M5膜的渗透率从0.16提高到3.20 L/m2·h·bar，并显著提高了离子排异率——mg2 +提高了107%，Ca2+提高了137%，硫酸铵2−提高了101%。此外，平均孔径减小26%，亲水性增强，接触角从86°降低到40°。总的来说，这些改进突出了改性纳滤膜在饮用水处理中有效去除硬度的前景。

{"title":"Enhancing hardwater treatment using ultra-loose nanofiltration membranes modified with novel MOF nanoparticles","authors":"Tanaz Moghadamfar , Muhammad Ahsan Khan , Carmelo Morgante , Maria Iliopoulou , José Luis Cortina , Luis J.del Valle , Bart Van der Bruggen , Mònica Reig","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanomaterial incorporation has emerged as a powerful strategy to tune membrane permeability, selectivity and durability. In this study, ultra-loose polyamide nanofiltration membranes were fabricated by interfacial polymerisation of <em>m</em>-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride on a commercial polyacrylonitrile substrate. Different configurations of UiO-66-NH₂ and ZIF-8-NH₂ nanoparticles were incorporated. Before membrane fabrication, nanoparticles characterization techniques confirmed nanoparticle synthesis and polyamide formation, and evaluated how nanoparticle type, configuration, and concentration influenced morphology, hydrophilicity, pore size, and separation. The aim was to understand how these structural modifications affect water permeability and hardness removal from surface waters. Active layer morphology and roughness differed clearly between configurations: membranes with nanoparticles in the interlayer had more irregular, textured surfaces, while those with nanoparticles in the active layer were smoother with visible particle deposition. ZIF-8-NH₂–modified membranes were more hydrophilic (contact angle 52°) than those with UiO-66-NH₂ (71°). All membranes had similar zeta-potential behaviour with isoelectric point (IEP) near pH 4.7, except M5—which combined ZIF-8-NH₂ in the active layer and UiO-66-NH₂ in the interlayer—showing lower IEP (pH 3.7), more negative surface charge, and the best overall performance. In addition, M5 increased permeability from 0.16 to 3.20 L/m<sup>2</sup>·h·bar and substantially improved ion rejection—Mg<sup>2+</sup> by 107%, Ca<sup>2+</sup> by 137%, and SO₄<sup>2−</sup> by 101% compared with the control membrane. In addition, the average pore size was reduced by 26% and hydrophilicity was enhanced, lowering the contact angle from 86° to 40°. Overall, these improvements highlight the promise of modified NF membranes for efficient hardness removal in drinking water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109579"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential mechanisms of phosphorus removal in bioelectrochemical systems: The synergy between electrochemical precipitation and the effects of microorganisms 生物电化学系统中除磷的潜在机制：电化学沉淀与微生物效应之间的协同作用

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109544

Xinhui Lin , Xiaoxia Huang , Xiaowen Li , Ping Lyu , Yuchen Liu , Xianqiao Tao , Yanhong Jiang

A bioelectrolytic cell system in which magnesium-modified biochar (MgBC) is used as a 3D filler was established in response to the suboptimal efficiency of a single process in treating phosphorus-containing wastewater. This study demonstrated that the application of a microcurrent could substantially increase the phosphorus removal performance of the system. A maximum total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency of 99.96% was achieved under a current of 25 mA and an initial phosphorus concentration of 50 mg/L, which was approximately 2.35 times higher than the maximum removal rate (42.49%) observed in the unenergized state. A combination of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization and functional gene analysis, was employed. The results revealed that localized phosphorus concentration increase, owing to the upregulation of phoA and phoD genes under electric field implementation, promotes the formation and precipitation of magnesium phosphate octahydrate, which serves as a phosphorus removal mechanism. The system can be operated at low total phosphorus levels without chemical additives or separation processes, highlighting the potential of integrating MgBC into bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) for phosphorus removal and recovery.

针对单一工艺处理含磷废水效率不佳的问题，建立了一种以镁改性生物炭（MgBC）作为三维填料的生物电解电池系统。本研究表明，微电流的应用可以大大提高系统的除磷性能。在电流为25 mA、初始磷浓度为50 mg/L的条件下，总磷的最大去除率为99.96%，是未通电状态下最大去除率（42.49%）的2.35倍。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）表征和功能基因分析等分析技术。结果表明，电场作用下磷浓度的局部升高是由于phoA和phoD基因的上调，促进了八水磷酸镁的形成和沉淀，这是一种除磷机制。该系统可以在低总磷水平下运行，无需化学添加剂或分离过程，突出了将MgBC集成到生物电化学系统（BESs）中进行除磷和回收的潜力。

{"title":"Potential mechanisms of phosphorus removal in bioelectrochemical systems: The synergy between electrochemical precipitation and the effects of microorganisms","authors":"Xinhui Lin , Xiaoxia Huang , Xiaowen Li , Ping Lyu , Yuchen Liu , Xianqiao Tao , Yanhong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A bioelectrolytic cell system in which magnesium-modified biochar (MgBC) is used as a 3D filler was established in response to the suboptimal efficiency of a single process in treating phosphorus-containing wastewater. This study demonstrated that the application of a microcurrent could substantially increase the phosphorus removal performance of the system. A maximum total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency of 99.96% was achieved under a current of 25 mA and an initial phosphorus concentration of 50 mg/L, which was approximately 2.35 times higher than the maximum removal rate (42.49%) observed in the unenergized state. A combination of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization and functional gene analysis, was employed. The results revealed that localized phosphorus concentration increase, owing to the upregulation of <em>phoA</em> and <em>phoD</em> genes under electric field implementation, promotes the formation and precipitation of magnesium phosphate octahydrate, which serves as a phosphorus removal mechanism. The system can be operated at low total phosphorus levels without chemical additives or separation processes, highlighting the potential of integrating MgBC into bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) for phosphorus removal and recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109544"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Redox-active flower-like ZnMoO4 decorated on 2D graphene oxide nanohybrid as an efficient catalyst for sensitive electrochemical detection of a nitrofuran derivative in environmental and biological matrices 氧化还原活性花状ZnMoO4修饰在二维氧化石墨烯纳米杂化物上作为环境和生物基质中硝基呋喃衍生物敏感电化学检测的高效催化剂

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109561

Amulya Garadi , Sanjay Ballur Prasanna , Po-Chun Chen , Gagankumar Sakleshpur Kumar , Nandini Nataraj , Yu-Chien Lin , Xinke Liu , Ting-Yu Liu , Ren-Jei Chung

Developing a new cost-effective electrode that exhibits outstanding activity and high stability for electrochemical sensors is a challenging task. In this study, simple hydrothermal and ultrasonication techniques were employed to synthesize flower petal-like zinc molybdate embedded on graphene oxide sheets (ZnMoO₄/GO) for the electrochemical detection of nitrofurantoin (NFT). The prepared ZnMoO₄/GO nanocomposites were characterized using a range of spectrometric techniques. Electrochemical investigations confirmed that the sensing probe that utilized a ZnMoO₄/GO modified electrode exhibited exceptional electroanalytical performance, enhanced electrical conductivity, and swift mass transport for NFT detection. Additionally, the prepared ZnMoO₄/GO/GCE exhibited an extensive dynamic linear response range from 0.05 to 406.525 μM, featuring a low detection limit of 0.024 μM and remarkable sensitivity of 1.041 μM⁻¹ cm⁻², along with notable interferents capability, storage stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. The GCE modified with ZnMoO₄/GO successfully detected NFT in various environmental samples, as well as in biological samples during real-time monitoring analysis. These electrochemical tests provide a novel perspective on electrocatalytic activity, demonstrating satisfactory recoveries.

开发一种具有优异活性和高稳定性的新型电化学传感器电极是一项具有挑战性的任务。在本研究中，采用简单的水热和超声波技术合成了镶嵌在氧化石墨烯片上的花瓣状钼酸锌（ZnMoO4/GO），用于呋喃妥英（NFT）的电化学检测。利用一系列光谱技术对制备的ZnMoO4/GO纳米复合材料进行了表征。电化学研究证实，使用ZnMoO4/GO修饰电极的传感探针具有优异的电分析性能，增强的导电性和快速的NFT检测质量传递。ZnMoO4/GO/GCE的动态线性响应范围为0.05 ~ 406.525 μM，检出限为0.024 μM，灵敏度为1.041 μM−1 cm−2，具有良好的抗干扰能力、存储稳定性、重复性和再现性。用ZnMoO4/GO修饰的GCE在实时监测分析中成功检测了各种环境样品和生物样品中的NFT。这些电化学测试为电催化活性提供了一个新的视角，证明了令人满意的回收率。

{"title":"Redox-active flower-like ZnMoO4 decorated on 2D graphene oxide nanohybrid as an efficient catalyst for sensitive electrochemical detection of a nitrofuran derivative in environmental and biological matrices","authors":"Amulya Garadi , Sanjay Ballur Prasanna , Po-Chun Chen , Gagankumar Sakleshpur Kumar , Nandini Nataraj , Yu-Chien Lin , Xinke Liu , Ting-Yu Liu , Ren-Jei Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing a new cost-effective electrode that exhibits outstanding activity and high stability for electrochemical sensors is a challenging task. In this study, simple hydrothermal and ultrasonication techniques were employed to synthesize flower petal-like zinc molybdate embedded on graphene oxide sheets (ZnMoO<sub>4</sub>/GO) for the electrochemical detection of nitrofurantoin (NFT). The prepared ZnMoO<sub>4</sub>/GO nanocomposites were characterized using a range of spectrometric techniques. Electrochemical investigations confirmed that the sensing probe that utilized a ZnMoO<sub>4</sub>/GO modified electrode exhibited exceptional electroanalytical performance, enhanced electrical conductivity, and swift mass transport for NFT detection. Additionally, the prepared ZnMoO<sub>4</sub>/GO/GCE exhibited an extensive dynamic linear response range from 0.05 to 406.525 μM, featuring a low detection limit of 0.024 μM and remarkable sensitivity of 1.041 μM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>, along with notable interferents capability, storage stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. The GCE modified with ZnMoO<sub>4</sub>/GO successfully detected NFT in various environmental samples, as well as in biological samples during real-time monitoring analysis. These electrochemical tests provide a novel perspective on electrocatalytic activity, demonstrating satisfactory recoveries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109561"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogeochemical processes and health risks from heavy metal contamination in groundwater of the Toluca Valley, Mexico 墨西哥托卢卡河谷地下水重金属污染的水文地球化学过程和健康风险

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109530

Rosa María Fuentes-Rivas , José Alfredo Ramos-Leal , Ma de Lourdes Nájera-López , Oscar Guadalupe Almanza-Tovar , Janete Morán-Ramírez

Hydrogeochemistry of groundwater and its public health implications were evaluated in Texcalyacac, Mexico. Twenty-five groundwater samples were collected during the dry and rainy seasons. In situ measurements included pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and dissolved oxygen. Major ions (Ca, Na, Mg, K) and trace elements were quantified by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), while nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and chloride concentrations were determined using colorimetric methods. Most physicochemical parameters met drinking water standards. Seasonal variations reflected a dilution effect during the rainy season. Lead (Pb) concentrations exceeded permissible Mexican limits, representing a significant health risk. Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Metal Index (MI) classified groundwater as non-potable in the dry season. Elevated levels of nitrate, phosphate, chloride, and sulfate, linked to agricultural and urban activities, indicate anthropogenic influence. Health risk assessment identified Pb as the primary contaminant, posing low chronic non-carcinogenic risks to adults and children. Groundwater was classified as a Ca–Mg–HCO₃ type. Gibbs and Mifflin diagrams suggested that rock–water interactions, evaporation, and mixing with local and intermediate flow systems govern groundwater evolution. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that mineralization, reflected by major ions and TDS, was the main control on groundwater chemistry, while a secondary component was associated with anthropogenic inputs affecting nutrient and organic matter levels. This study highlights an integrated approach combining hydrogeochemical characterization and health risk assessment. It effectively identifies priority contaminants and seasonal vulnerabilities and guides sustainable groundwater management in a small, water-dependent community.

在墨西哥特克萨利亚克对地下水水文地球化学及其对公共卫生的影响进行了评价。在旱季和雨季采集了25个地下水样本。现场测量包括pH值、电导率、总溶解固体（TDS）和溶解氧。主要离子（Ca、Na、Mg、K）和微量元素用电感耦合等离子体（ICP）测定，硝酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐和氯化物浓度用比色法测定。大部分理化参数符合饮用水标准。季节变化反映了雨季的稀释效应。铅（Pb）浓度超过墨西哥允许的限度，构成重大健康风险。重金属污染指数（HPI）和金属污染指数（MI）在旱季将地下水划分为非饮用水。与农业和城市活动有关的硝酸盐、磷酸盐、氯化物和硫酸盐水平升高表明了人为影响。健康风险评估确定铅为主要污染物，对成人和儿童构成低慢性非致癌风险。地下水类型为Ca-Mg-HCO3型。吉布斯图和米夫林图表明，岩石-水的相互作用、蒸发以及与局部和中间流动系统的混合控制着地下水的演化。主成分分析（PCA）表明，矿化度（主要离子和TDS）是地下水化学的主要控制因素，而次级成分则与影响养分和有机质水平的人为输入有关。本研究强调了水文地球化学表征与健康风险评估相结合的综合方法。它有效地确定了优先污染物和季节性脆弱性，并指导了一个依赖水的小型社区的可持续地下水管理。

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical processes and health risks from heavy metal contamination in groundwater of the Toluca Valley, Mexico","authors":"Rosa María Fuentes-Rivas , José Alfredo Ramos-Leal , Ma de Lourdes Nájera-López , Oscar Guadalupe Almanza-Tovar , Janete Morán-Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogeochemistry of groundwater and its public health implications were evaluated in Texcalyacac, Mexico. Twenty-five groundwater samples were collected during the dry and rainy seasons. In situ measurements included pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and dissolved oxygen. Major ions (Ca, Na, Mg, K) and trace elements were quantified by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), while nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and chloride concentrations were determined using colorimetric methods. Most physicochemical parameters met drinking water standards. Seasonal variations reflected a dilution effect during the rainy season. Lead (Pb) concentrations exceeded permissible Mexican limits, representing a significant health risk. Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Metal Index (MI) classified groundwater as non-potable in the dry season. Elevated levels of nitrate, phosphate, chloride, and sulfate, linked to agricultural and urban activities, indicate anthropogenic influence. Health risk assessment identified Pb as the primary contaminant, posing low chronic non-carcinogenic risks to adults and children. Groundwater was classified as a Ca–Mg–HCO<sub>3</sub> type. Gibbs and Mifflin diagrams suggested that rock–water interactions, evaporation, and mixing with local and intermediate flow systems govern groundwater evolution. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that mineralization, reflected by major ions and TDS, was the main control on groundwater chemistry, while a secondary component was associated with anthropogenic inputs affecting nutrient and organic matter levels. This study highlights an integrated approach combining hydrogeochemical characterization and health risk assessment. It effectively identifies priority contaminants and seasonal vulnerabilities and guides sustainable groundwater management in a small, water-dependent community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109530"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breaking the PFAS treatment barrier: Scalable solutions for industrial wastewater treatment 打破PFAS处理障碍：工业废水处理的可扩展解决方案

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109567

Haya Alyasi , Lubna Ali , Khaled A. Mahmoud

The industrial discharge of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) poses one of the most pressing and persistent challenges in modern water treatment due to their high thermal and chemical persistence. Conventional technologies, including adsorption, ion exchange, and membrane filtration, often fail to achieve complete PFAS removal or destruction, particularly in complex industrial effluents. Advanced treatment technologies, including ball milling, high-temperature thermal processes, and chemical processes, demonstrate superior degradation potential; however, their application at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) scale is constrained by high energy demand, operational costs, and limited pilot-scale validation. To bridge this gap, hybrid systems that integrate separation with destructive technologies have emerged as a promising pathway toward scalable PFAS remediation. This review systematically evaluates conventional, advanced, and hybrid systems, comparing their mechanisms, performance metrics, treatment efficiencies, technology readiness levels (TRLs), and economic and operational constraints. By mapping these technologies against real-world WWTP requirements, the review provides evidence-based recommendations on the most suitable hybrid configurations for industrial adoption and outlines critical research and engineering needs to enable practical, cost-effective, and regulatory-aligned PFAS management in WWTPs.

全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的工业排放由于其高热持久性和化学持久性而成为现代水处理中最紧迫和最持久的挑战之一。包括吸附、离子交换和膜过滤在内的传统技术往往无法完全去除或破坏PFAS，特别是在复杂的工业废水中。先进的处理技术，包括球磨、高温热处理和化学处理，显示出优越的降解潜力；然而，它们在污水处理厂（WWTPs）规模上的应用受到高能源需求、运营成本和有限的中试规模验证的限制。为了弥补这一差距，将分离与破坏性技术相结合的混合系统已经成为可扩展的PFAS修复的有希望的途径。本综述系统地评估了常规、先进和混合系统，比较了它们的机制、性能指标、处理效率、技术就绪水平（trl）以及经济和操作限制。通过将这些技术与现实世界的污水处理厂需求进行对比，该综述为工业采用最合适的混合配置提供了基于证据的建议，并概述了关键的研究和工程需求，以便在污水处理厂中实现实用、经济、符合法规的PFAS管理。

{"title":"Breaking the PFAS treatment barrier: Scalable solutions for industrial wastewater treatment","authors":"Haya Alyasi , Lubna Ali , Khaled A. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The industrial discharge of <em>per</em>- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) poses one of the most pressing and persistent challenges in modern water treatment due to their high thermal and chemical persistence. Conventional technologies, including adsorption, ion exchange, and membrane filtration, often fail to achieve complete PFAS removal or destruction, particularly in complex industrial effluents. Advanced treatment technologies, including ball milling, high-temperature thermal processes, and chemical processes, demonstrate superior degradation potential; however, their application at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) scale is constrained by high energy demand, operational costs, and limited pilot-scale validation. To bridge this gap, hybrid systems that integrate separation with destructive technologies have emerged as a promising pathway toward scalable PFAS remediation. This review systematically evaluates conventional, advanced, and hybrid systems, comparing their mechanisms, performance metrics, treatment efficiencies, technology readiness levels (TRLs), and economic and operational constraints. By mapping these technologies against real-world WWTP requirements, the review provides evidence-based recommendations on the most suitable hybrid configurations for industrial adoption and outlines critical research and engineering needs to enable practical, cost-effective, and regulatory-aligned PFAS management in WWTPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 109567"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sorption and subsequent photodegradation of crystal violet dye by CdS and Cu@CdS prepared using Desulfovibrio vulgaris AU16 用普通脱硫弧菌（Desulfovibrio vulgaris AU16）制备的CdS和Cu@CdS对结晶紫染料的吸附及随后的光降解

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109534

Shivesh Kumar Azad , Maulin P. Shah , Manoj Kumar Gangwar , Prashant D. Kunjadia , Madhu Kumari , Fuad Ameen , Kumar Suranjit Prasad

This study presents a novel biogenic approach for synthesizing cadmium sulfide (CdS) and copper-doped cadmium sulfide (Cu@CdS) nanoparticles using Desulfovibrio vulgaris strain AU16 (PV992576), a sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from coal-rich drainage soil. The cell-free extract of the bacterium was utilized to prepare semiconductor nanoparticles. Characterization using TEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR, and photoluminescence spectroscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of polydisperse nanoparticles (4–20 nm) with a hexagonal crystal structure. The biogenic CdS exhibited a band gap of 2.62 eV, which was reduced to 2.37 eV upon copper doping, enhancing visible light absorption. Photocatalytic evaluation demonstrated exceptional performance in crystal violet (CV) degradation under direct sunlight, with Cu@CdS achieving 98.88% degradation efficiency compared to 68.72% for pristine CdS within 15 min. Kinetic analysis revealed pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics (R² = 0.98592) for Cu@CdS, whereas adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. LC-MS analysis identified key degradation intermediates, including 4-dimethylamino benzophenone, Michler's ketone, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, and N-methylaniline, confirming the photoc. The enhanced performance of Cu@CdS is attributed to improved charge separation, reduced electron-hole recombination, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (^●OH and ^●O₂⁻). This sustainable biogenic synthesis approach offers a promising eco-friendly alternative for the production of efficient photocatalysts for wastewater treatment applications.

本研究提出了一种新的生物源方法来合成硫化镉（CdS）和铜掺杂硫化镉（Cu@CdS）纳米颗粒，利用从富含煤的疏水土壤中分离的硫酸盐还原菌Desulfovibrio vulgaris菌株AU16 （PV992576）。利用该细菌的无细胞提取物制备半导体纳米颗粒。通过TEM、XRD、XPS、FTIR、光致发光等表征手段，证实成功合成了具有六方晶体结构的多分散纳米颗粒（4 ~ 20 nm）。生物源CdS的带隙为2.62 eV，铜掺杂后带隙降至2.37 eV，增强了可见光吸收。光催化评价表明，在阳光直射下，Cu@CdS在15分钟内达到98.88%的降解效率，而原始cd的降解效率为68.72%。动力学分析显示Cu@CdS的准一级降解动力学（R2 = 0.98592），吸附动力学为准二级动力学。LC-MS分析鉴定出关键的降解中间体，包括4-二甲氨基二苯甲酮、米歇尔酮、N，N-二甲基-对苯二胺和N-甲基苯胺，证实了光催化。Cu@CdS性能的增强是由于电荷分离的改善，电子-空穴复合的减少，以及活性氧（●OH和●O₂−）的形成。这种可持续的生物合成方法为生产用于废水处理的高效光催化剂提供了一种有前途的生态友好的替代方法。

{"title":"Sorption and subsequent photodegradation of crystal violet dye by CdS and Cu@CdS prepared using Desulfovibrio vulgaris AU16","authors":"Shivesh Kumar Azad , Maulin P. Shah , Manoj Kumar Gangwar , Prashant D. Kunjadia , Madhu Kumari , Fuad Ameen , Kumar Suranjit Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel biogenic approach for synthesizing cadmium sulfide (CdS) and copper-doped cadmium sulfide (Cu@CdS) nanoparticles using <em>Desulfovibrio vulgaris</em> strain AU16 (PV992576), a sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from coal-rich drainage soil. The cell-free extract of the bacterium was utilized to prepare semiconductor nanoparticles. Characterization using TEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR, and photoluminescence spectroscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of polydisperse nanoparticles (4–20 nm) with a hexagonal crystal structure. The biogenic CdS exhibited a band gap of 2.62 eV, which was reduced to 2.37 eV upon copper doping, enhancing visible light absorption. Photocatalytic evaluation demonstrated exceptional performance in crystal violet (CV) degradation under direct sunlight, with Cu@CdS achieving 98.88% degradation efficiency compared to 68.72% for pristine CdS within 15 min. Kinetic analysis revealed pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.98592) for Cu@CdS, whereas adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. LC-MS analysis identified key degradation intermediates, including 4-dimethylamino benzophenone, Michler's ketone, <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-dimethyl-<em>p</em>-phenylenediamine, and <em>N</em>-methylaniline, confirming the photoc. The enhanced performance of Cu@CdS is attributed to improved charge separation, reduced electron-hole recombination, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (<sup>●</sup>OH and <sup>●</sup>O₂<sup>−</sup>). This sustainable biogenic synthesis approach offers a promising eco-friendly alternative for the production of efficient photocatalysts for wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 109534"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation into the degradation of Acid Red 73 using a combined ozone-venturi system 臭氧-文丘里联合系统降解酸性红73的研究

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109559

Bowen Ma , Shihao Zhang , Fada Feng , Zhen Liu , Keping Yan

The environmental pollution caused by textile dyeing wastewater has become increasingly severe. Ozone-venturi combined technology has attracted widespread attention in the field of wastewater treatment due to its high efficiency. This study systematically investigates the correlation between gas-liquid velocity and bubble size in the ozone-venturi system, and examines the effects of various factors—including gas velocity, liquid velocity, ozone dosage, initial pH, initial pollutant concentration, and reaction volume—on the degradation efficiency of Acid Red 73, aiming to validate the effectiveness of the ozone-venturi combined system in treating dyeing wastewater. Under optimized conditions, near-complete decolorization was achieved within 5 min for a 2.0 L solution of Acid Red 73 (gas velocity: 0.2 L/min, liquid velocity: 9 L/min, ozone dosage: 6.0 mg/L, initial concentration: 50 mg/L). The removal rates of COD and TOC reached 75.3% and 42.7%, respectively, after 10 min of degradation under optimal conditions. Furthermore, this study coupled ozone-venturi technology with persulfate oxidation, with the addition of 7 g of sodium persulfate, the degradation rate of Acid Red 73 was enhanced from 78.1% to 94.8% within 3 min. Possible degradation pathways of Acid Red 73 were proposed based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

纺织印染废水对环境的污染日益严重。臭氧-文丘里联合技术以其高效的性能在污水处理领域受到广泛关注。本研究系统考察了臭氧-文丘里系统中气液速度与气泡大小的关系，考察了气速、液速、臭氧投加量、初始pH、初始污染物浓度、反应体积等因素对酸性红73降解效率的影响，验证了臭氧-文丘里联合系统处理印染废水的有效性。在优化条件下，2.0 L的酸性红73溶液（气流速0.2 L/min，液流速9 L/min，臭氧用量6.0 mg/L，初始浓度50 mg/L）在5 min内实现了近乎完全的脱色。在最佳条件下，降解10 min后，COD和TOC的去除率分别达到75.3%和42.7%。此外，本研究将臭氧-文丘里法与过硫酸盐氧化相结合，加入7 g过硫酸钠，在3 min内将酸性红73的降解率从78.1%提高到94.8%。基于液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）分析和密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，提出了酸性红73可能的降解途径。

{"title":"Investigation into the degradation of Acid Red 73 using a combined ozone-venturi system","authors":"Bowen Ma , Shihao Zhang , Fada Feng , Zhen Liu , Keping Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The environmental pollution caused by textile dyeing wastewater has become increasingly severe. Ozone-venturi combined technology has attracted widespread attention in the field of wastewater treatment due to its high efficiency. This study systematically investigates the correlation between gas-liquid velocity and bubble size in the ozone-venturi system, and examines the effects of various factors—including gas velocity, liquid velocity, ozone dosage, initial pH, initial pollutant concentration, and reaction volume—on the degradation efficiency of Acid Red 73, aiming to validate the effectiveness of the ozone-venturi combined system in treating dyeing wastewater. Under optimized conditions, near-complete decolorization was achieved within 5 min for a 2.0 L solution of Acid Red 73 (gas velocity: 0.2 L/min, liquid velocity: 9 L/min, ozone dosage: 6.0 mg/L, initial concentration: 50 mg/L). The removal rates of COD and TOC reached 75.3% and 42.7%, respectively, after 10 min of degradation under optimal conditions. Furthermore, this study coupled ozone-venturi technology with persulfate oxidation, with the addition of 7 g of sodium persulfate, the degradation rate of Acid Red 73 was enhanced from 78.1% to 94.8% within 3 min. Possible degradation pathways of Acid Red 73 were proposed based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 109559"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0