Due diligence standards have been read into treaty provisions for the protection for the environment and beyond in a wide range of international legal settings. The compliance provision of the Madrid Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, Article 13, invites a similar analysis. Despite the doubts of ten years ago that a due diligence standard would be sufficient and appropriate for protecting the Antarctic environment the concept has arguably evolved to the point where it can provide an effective framework for operationalising States’ responsibilities under the Protocol as well as more widely in international environmental law, subject to adequate contextualisation.
{"title":"Due Diligence and Compliance with the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty","authors":"C. Foster","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3873054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3873054","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Due diligence standards have been read into treaty provisions for the protection for the environment and beyond in a wide range of international legal settings. The compliance provision of the Madrid Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, Article 13, invites a similar analysis. Despite the doubts of ten years ago that a due diligence standard would be sufficient and appropriate for protecting the Antarctic environment the concept has arguably evolved to the point where it can provide an effective framework for operationalising States’ responsibilities under the Protocol as well as more widely in international environmental law, subject to adequate contextualisation.","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116888656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Russian Abstract: В ходе исследования выявлено, что централизованный подход к управлению устойчивым развитием в настоящее время не считается эффективным, поэтому в мире уделяется большое внимание локализации ЦУР на национальном и региональном уровнях (в том числе, на уровне городов) и внедрению именно локализованных целей и задач.
English Abstract: The study revealed that a centralized approach to sustainable development management is currently not considered effective, therefore, the world pays great attention to the localization of SDGs at the national and regional levels (including at the city level) and the implementation of localized goals and objectives.
{"title":"ДОСТИЖЕНИЕ ЦЕЛЕЙ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ: ПОДХОДЫ К ВЫЯВЛЕНИЮ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРИОРИТЕТОВ (Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals: Approaches to Identifying National Priorities)","authors":"T. Lanshina, Dmitry Stoyanov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3860683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3860683","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> В ходе исследования выявлено, что централизованный подход к управлению устойчивым развитием в настоящее время не считается эффективным, поэтому в мире уделяется большое внимание локализации ЦУР на национальном и региональном уровнях (в том числе, на уровне городов) и внедрению именно локализованных целей и задач.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> The study revealed that a centralized approach to sustainable development management is currently not considered effective, therefore, the world pays great attention to the localization of SDGs at the national and regional levels (including at the city level) and the implementation of localized goals and objectives.","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125783778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose This two-part paper is concerned with the creation of a generalised cybernetic agency-based ecosystem. The purpose of the first part is to explore the basis for the creation of an agentic ecology theory to provide a generalised multidisciplinary context-free manifold that can be applied to specific domains and contexts. As an element of this, it will explore the relationship between agency and its agents (at various foci) and the nature of agency ecologies and their evolution. It will also explore the relationship between viability and sustainability. In the second part of the paper, the purpose will be to formulate a general basis for agency ecology, followed by an agency model that recognises the analytical and decision-making attributes of the viability–sustainability relationship by centering on the modelling a socioeconomic ecosystem and a social disciplinary species model. Design/methodology/approach Agency theory will be used to model a generic agency ecology and its environment of subordinate elements – especially those subordinates that can be used as amenities to satisfy the needs to agency development. Part 1 of the paper will take a tour of concepts relevant to the representation of neo-ecosystem structures and their application. Part 2 will centre on delivering a schema capable of embracing agency neo-ecology from which applications may derive. Findings It is shown that agency theory as a modelling schema can be used as a methodology through which to provide diagnosis to examine the condition of, or for locating problems within, an agency in its ecosystem environment. This is illustrated within a socioeconomic context. Research limitations/implications The paper is conceptual in nature, and there has been no intention to diagnose any substantive issues within the socioeconomic context. Originality/value A generalised agency ecology approach is proposed over this two-part paper that is novel through the use of third-order cybernetics.
{"title":"Agency, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development. Part 1: The Ecosystem","authors":"M. Yolles","doi":"10.1108/K-09-2020-0591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/K-09-2020-0591","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This two-part paper is concerned with the creation of a generalised cybernetic agency-based ecosystem. The purpose of the first part is to explore the basis for the creation of an agentic ecology theory to provide a generalised multidisciplinary context-free manifold that can be applied to specific domains and contexts. As an element of this, it will explore the relationship between agency and its agents (at various foci) and the nature of agency ecologies and their evolution. It will also explore the relationship between viability and sustainability. In the second part of the paper, the purpose will be to formulate a general basis for agency ecology, followed by an agency model that recognises the analytical and decision-making attributes of the viability–sustainability relationship by centering on the modelling a socioeconomic ecosystem and a social disciplinary species model.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Agency theory will be used to model a generic agency ecology and its environment of subordinate elements – especially those subordinates that can be used as amenities to satisfy the needs to agency development. Part 1 of the paper will take a tour of concepts relevant to the representation of neo-ecosystem structures and their application. Part 2 will centre on delivering a schema capable of embracing agency neo-ecology from which applications may derive.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000It is shown that agency theory as a modelling schema can be used as a methodology through which to provide diagnosis to examine the condition of, or for locating problems within, an agency in its ecosystem environment. This is illustrated within a socioeconomic context.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The paper is conceptual in nature, and there has been no intention to diagnose any substantive issues within the socioeconomic context.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000A generalised agency ecology approach is proposed over this two-part paper that is novel through the use of third-order cybernetics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114605912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Russian Abstract:В работе исследуются проблемы активно развивающейся в последние годы в мире концепции устойчивых финансов. Мы исследовали три блока вопросов, связанных с концепцией устойчивых финансов: теоретические аспекты данной концепции, ставшие предметом интенсивных дискуссий в мировом экономическом сообществе; прикладные проблемы активного внедрения данной концепции в практику крупнейших национальных финансовых рынков; текущая ситуация в России, характеризующаяся крайне слабым развитием сегмента устойчивых финансов.
English Abstract:The work examines the problems of the concept of sustainable finance that has been actively developing in the world in recent years. We examined three blocks of issues related to the concept of sustainable finance: theoretical aspects of this concept, which have become the subject of intense discussions in the world economic community; applied problems of active implementation of this concept in the practice of the largest national financial markets; the current situation in Russia, characterized by an extremely weak development of the sustainable finance segment.
{"title":"Концепция Устойчивых Финансов и Возможности Ее Эффективного Внедрения в Практику Функционирования Российского Финансового Сектора (The Concept of Sustainable Finance and the Possibility of Its Effective Implementation in the Practice of the Functioning of the Russian Financial Sector)","authors":"Yury Danilov, D. Pivovarov, I. Davydov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3860278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3860278","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b>В работе исследуются проблемы активно развивающейся в последние годы в мире концепции устойчивых финансов. Мы исследовали три блока вопросов, связанных с концепцией устойчивых финансов: теоретические аспекты данной концепции, ставшие предметом интенсивных дискуссий в мировом экономическом сообществе; прикладные проблемы активного внедрения данной концепции в практику крупнейших национальных финансовых рынков; текущая ситуация в России, характеризующаяся крайне слабым развитием сегмента устойчивых финансов.<br><br> <b>English Abstract:</b>The work examines the problems of the concept of sustainable finance that has been actively developing in the world in recent years. We examined three blocks of issues related to the concept of sustainable finance: theoretical aspects of this concept, which have become the subject of intense discussions in the world economic community; applied problems of active implementation of this concept in the practice of the largest national financial markets; the current situation in Russia, characterized by an extremely weak development of the sustainable finance segment.","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132729919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Linciano, P. Soccorso, Joe Capobianco, M. Caratelli
The survey analyses the financial advisor-investor relationship in order to identify areas for improvement due to gaps in communication, limited knowledge and poor exchange of information.
The 2020 Report investigates whether the financial advisor-investor relationship may lead to a higher consideration of the ESG factors in the individuals' investment process by leveraging on the communication between the parties involved. The integration of the ESG factors (Environment, Social, Governance) in the financial advice process is among the most important goals of the Action Plan on Financing Sustainable Growth launched by the European Commission in 2018. The incorporation of sustainability rests on the assumption, supported by evidence and empirical research, that the financial advisor can play a key role in informing and promoting investors' interest in sustainable and responsible investments. It is therefore useful to investigate whether the financial advisor-investor relationship may lead to a higher consideration of the ESG factors in the individuals’ investment process by leveraging on the communication between the parties involved. The present Report pursues this objective by comparing investors' opinions on responsible investment products with advisors’ perceptions of their clients’ preferences. Building on the answers to a double interview (so-called mirroring survey), the Report detects some areas for improvement also thanks to a matching indicator, i.e. a measure of the alignment between investors’ statements and professionals’ perceptions.
Advisor-investor relationship - In order to grasp the main characteristics of the advisor-investor interaction, the first topic explored through the double interview dealt with the distinctive features describing the financial advice. To this respect, 'easiness' is the notion most frequently associated with the service by the majority of both investors and professionals, while a certain misalignment across the two samples emerged with regard to additional features (e.g., 'competence' and 'experience' of the professional for investors and 'protection' and 'delegation' for advisors). Secondly, the investors’ decision-making process was explored, namely with respect to the persons involved in the investment choices, finding that professionals are only partially aware of the role of the partner reported by their clients. Third, the survey investigated investors’ capability to develop an overall view of their financial situation: to this respect financial advisors seem to overestimate the skills of their clients, who are mainly focused on recurrent revenues and expenses only. Finally, advisors and their clients agree about investment goals: capital protection comes first and foremost for both groups of respondents, followed by capital growth.
Sustainability: attitudes and knowledge of advisors and investors - As for the attitudes towards sustainability, the survey detects firs
{"title":"Financial Advisor-Investor Relationship. Mirroring Survey on Sustainability and Investments - 2020","authors":"N. Linciano, P. Soccorso, Joe Capobianco, M. Caratelli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3752806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3752806","url":null,"abstract":"The survey analyses the financial advisor-investor relationship in order to identify areas for improvement due to gaps in communication, limited knowledge and poor exchange of information.<br><br>The 2020 Report investigates whether the financial advisor-investor relationship may lead to a higher consideration of the ESG factors in the individuals' investment process by leveraging on the communication between the parties involved.<br>The integration of the ESG factors (Environment, Social, Governance) in the financial advice process is among the most important goals of the Action Plan on Financing Sustainable Growth launched by the European Commission in 2018. The incorporation of sustainability rests on the assumption, supported by evidence and empirical research, that the financial advisor can play a key role in informing and promoting investors' interest in sustainable and responsible investments. <br>It is therefore useful to investigate whether the financial advisor-investor relationship may lead to a higher consideration of the ESG factors in the individuals’ investment process by leveraging on the communication between the parties involved. <br>The present Report pursues this objective by comparing investors' opinions on responsible investment products with advisors’ perceptions of their clients’ preferences. Building on the answers to a double interview (so-called mirroring survey), the Report detects some areas for improvement also thanks to a matching indicator, i.e. a measure of the alignment between investors’ statements and professionals’ perceptions. <br><br>Advisor-investor relationship - In order to grasp the main characteristics of the advisor-investor interaction, the first topic explored through the double interview dealt with the distinctive features describing the financial advice. To this respect, 'easiness' is the notion most frequently associated with the service by the majority of both investors and professionals, while a certain misalignment across the two samples emerged with regard to additional features (e.g., 'competence' and 'experience' of the professional for investors and 'protection' and 'delegation' for advisors). Secondly, the investors’ decision-making process was explored, namely with respect to the persons involved in the investment choices, finding that professionals are only partially aware of the role of the partner reported by their clients. Third, the survey investigated investors’ capability to develop an overall view of their financial situation: to this respect financial advisors seem to overestimate the skills of their clients, who are mainly focused on recurrent revenues and expenses only. Finally, advisors and their clients agree about investment goals: capital protection comes first and foremost for both groups of respondents, followed by capital growth.<br><br>Sustainability: attitudes and knowledge of advisors and investors - As for the attitudes towards sustainability, the survey detects firs","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114325886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is a paradigm shift in literature from the analysis of broader output growth towards explaining the effects of macroeconomic policies on the key determinant of long-run growth, namely, Total Factor Productivity (TFP). This study investigated the threshold or sustainable level of institutional development necessary for financial openness to stimulate TFP growth by employing a Dynamic Panel Threshold Model (DPTM) proposed by Seo & Shin (2016) and used by Seo, Kim & Kim (2019) for the panel of 28 selected African countries over the period of 1996 to 2017. The findings showed that there exists a threshold or sustainable level of institutional development (3.61 out of 10 point scale) which African countries must attain to reap the full benefits of financial openness on TFP in Africa because the quality of institutions in most of African countries are pervasively weak and poorly developed to checkmate excesses, corruptions and political interferences in the financial markets. Therefore, the study recommended that there should be a deliberate attempt by relevant authorities to block all inherent loopholes in the institutional settings in African countries which give room for shady dealings in the financial markets to ensure institutional environments (political, legal, regulatory and economic institutions) are healthy enough to absorb the negative influence of financial openness that may hinder growth and development in the long-run by lowering TFP growth.
{"title":"Institutional Threshold in the Nexus Between Financial Openness and TFP in Africa: A Dynamic Panel Analysis","authors":"S. Okunade","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3745222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3745222","url":null,"abstract":"There is a paradigm shift in literature from the analysis of broader output growth towards explaining the effects of macroeconomic policies on the key determinant of long-run growth, namely, Total Factor Productivity (TFP). This study investigated the threshold or sustainable level of institutional development necessary for financial openness to stimulate TFP growth by employing a Dynamic Panel Threshold Model (DPTM) proposed by Seo & Shin (2016) and used by Seo, Kim & Kim (2019) for the panel of 28 selected African countries over the period of 1996 to 2017. The findings showed that there exists a threshold or sustainable level of institutional development (3.61 out of 10 point scale) which African countries must attain to reap the full benefits of financial openness on TFP in Africa because the quality of institutions in most of African countries are pervasively weak and poorly developed to checkmate excesses, corruptions and political interferences in the financial markets. Therefore, the study recommended that there should be a deliberate attempt by relevant authorities to block all inherent loopholes in the institutional settings in African countries which give room for shady dealings in the financial markets to ensure institutional environments (political, legal, regulatory and economic institutions) are healthy enough to absorb the negative influence of financial openness that may hinder growth and development in the long-run by lowering TFP growth.","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127866664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider a green supply chain that consists of a traditional supplier, a green supplier, and a manufacturer. We investigate the optimal strategies for the suppliers' raw material prices, and the manufacturer's production and green raw material ordering. In particular, we consider three price competition models: the traditional supplier-led model, the green supplier-led model, and the Nash game model. The results indicate that the more dominant the green supplier, the more likely the green material price will be higher than the traditional material price. In addition, the manufacturers' product greenness level is the lowest under the green supplier-led model and the highest under the traditional supplier-led model. We also find that, as the manufacturer's yield uncertainty increases, the prices of traditional and green raw materials both decrease with respect to the manufacturer's product greenness level. Moreover, as customers' green preference increases, the price of green raw materials increases, the price of traditional raw materials decreases, and the product greenness level increases.
{"title":"Optimal Strategies for Green Supply Chains with Competition between Green and Traditional Suppliers","authors":"Jing Cong, Tao Pang, Hongjun Peng","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3743429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3743429","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a green supply chain that consists of a traditional supplier, a green supplier, and a manufacturer. We investigate the optimal strategies for the suppliers' raw material prices, and the manufacturer's production and green raw material ordering. In particular, we consider three price competition models: the traditional supplier-led model, the green supplier-led model, and the Nash game model. The results indicate that the more dominant the green supplier, the more likely the green material price will be higher than the traditional material price. In addition, the manufacturers' product greenness level is the lowest under the green supplier-led model and the highest under the traditional supplier-led model. We also find that, as the manufacturer's yield uncertainty increases, the prices of traditional and green raw materials both decrease with respect to the manufacturer's product greenness level. Moreover, as customers' green preference increases, the price of green raw materials increases, the price of traditional raw materials decreases, and the product greenness level increases.","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124918533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.33873/2686-6706.2020.15-4.627-647
Rinat Rezvanov
Russian Abstract: Введение. В середине 2020 г. в журнале Scientific Reports, входящем в издательскую экосистему научного журнала Nature, вышла статья по результатам проведенного международной исследовательской коллаборацией изучения концентрации полициклических ароматических углеводородов и душистых веществ в ледниковых кернах Эльбруса. Структурно исследование можно условно сепарировать на эмпирическую и интерпретационную части.
Методы исследования. Методологически исследование следует общему кругу исследований в рамках макроэкологической и биогеографической концепции «Великого ускорения» (Great Acceleration). Концепция обосновывает препозиционные геохронологические рамки «Великого ускорения» 1950-ми гг., когда воздействие человека на экосистему Земли стало доминантным и определяющим ее дальнейшее развитие (антропоцен). Исследование является одним из первых проведенных на территории России, посвященных комплексному изучению влияния «Великого ускорения» на окружающую среду. Результаты исследования подтверждают ключевые положения концепции, при этом обращается внимание на два больших периода снижения (стагнации) загрязняющих факторов во второй половине ХХ в. Первый период: 1964–1982 гг. и второй – 1990-е гг. При этом эмпирическая часть исследования опирается на логико-позитивистский подход, а интерпретационная выполнена с применением сопоставительного метода.
Результаты и дискуссия. Анализируются выводы исследования, устанавливающего корреляционную связь между снижением (стагнацией) уровня концентрации ПАУ в период 1964–1982 гг. и общими социополитическими характеристиками периода, квалифицируемого как «эпоха застоя». В ходе сравнительно-хронологического выявлены структурные противоречия между полученными результатами исследования и представленной авторской интерпретационной моделью. Соответственно, для формирования научно обоснованной интерпретационной исследовательской модели предлагается применение многофакторной модели, основанной на принципах соблюдения баланса между биохимической и макроэкономической составляющими исследования; определения роли инфраструктурных, инновационно-технологических и других компонент. В качестве релевантной научно-исследовательской методологии анализа матричной панели переменных значений, с установлением соответствующих взаимосвязей, представляется использование системно-структурного метода (в т. ч. метода главных компонент) и системно-структурного метода при построении многофакторной аналитической модели.
Заключение. Сделан вывод о структурном несоответствии полученных результатов эмпирического исследования представленной интерпретационной модели. Обращается внимание на необходимость корректировки подходов в исследовательском пространстве концепции «Великого ускорения» в отношении стран, не являющихся в представленный экономико-исторический период, членами Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития (ОЭСР). Отмечается дивергенция в репрезентации периода гиперускорения, в сравнени
{"title":"Восточная Европа в структуре концепции «Великого ускорения»: проблемы интерпретации или новая макроэкологическая дивергенция? (Eastern Europe in the Structure of the ‘Great Acceleration’' Concept: Problems of Interpretation or a New Macroecological Divergence?)","authors":"Rinat Rezvanov","doi":"10.33873/2686-6706.2020.15-4.627-647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33873/2686-6706.2020.15-4.627-647","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> Введение. В середине 2020 г. в журнале Scientific Reports, входящем в издательскую экосистему научного журнала Nature, вышла статья по результатам проведенного международной исследовательской коллаборацией изучения концентрации полициклических ароматических углеводородов и душистых веществ в ледниковых кернах Эльбруса. Структурно исследование можно условно сепарировать на эмпирическую и интерпретационную части.<br><br>Методы исследования. Методологически исследование следует общему кругу исследований в рамках макроэкологической и биогеографической концепции «Великого ускорения» (Great Acceleration). Концепция обосновывает препозиционные геохронологические рамки «Великого ускорения» 1950-ми гг., когда воздействие человека на экосистему Земли стало доминантным и определяющим ее дальнейшее развитие (антропоцен). Исследование является одним из первых проведенных на территории России, посвященных комплексному изучению влияния «Великого ускорения» на окружающую среду. Результаты исследования подтверждают ключевые положения концепции, при этом обращается внимание на два больших периода снижения (стагнации) загрязняющих факторов во второй половине ХХ в. Первый период: 1964–1982 гг. и второй – 1990-е гг. При этом эмпирическая часть исследования опирается на логико-позитивистский подход, а интерпретационная выполнена с применением сопоставительного метода.<br><br>Результаты и дискуссия. Анализируются выводы исследования, устанавливающего корреляционную связь между снижением (стагнацией) уровня концентрации ПАУ в период 1964–1982 гг. и общими социополитическими характеристиками периода, квалифицируемого как «эпоха застоя». В ходе сравнительно-хронологического выявлены структурные противоречия между полученными результатами исследования и представленной авторской интерпретационной моделью. Соответственно, для формирования научно обоснованной интерпретационной исследовательской модели предлагается применение многофакторной модели, основанной на принципах соблюдения баланса между биохимической и макроэкономической составляющими исследования; определения роли инфраструктурных, инновационно-технологических и других компонент. В качестве релевантной научно-исследовательской методологии анализа матричной панели переменных значений, с установлением соответствующих взаимосвязей, представляется использование системно-структурного метода (в т. ч. метода главных компонент) и системно-структурного метода при построении многофакторной аналитической модели.<br><br>Заключение. Сделан вывод о структурном несоответствии полученных результатов эмпирического исследования представленной интерпретационной модели. Обращается внимание на необходимость корректировки подходов в исследовательском пространстве концепции «Великого ускорения» в отношении стран, не являющихся в представленный экономико-исторический период, членами Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития (ОЭСР). Отмечается дивергенция в репрезентации периода гиперускорения, в сравнени","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115676042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. P. K. J. Prabodhika, D. Niwunhella, A. Wijayanayake
Sustainability and sustainable development have become a buzzing topic in today's business world. Business organizations are more inclined towards making themselves economically, socially, and environmentally more sustainable. With the introduction of concepts like “Sustainable Supply Chain Management” organizations have determined to not only make themselves sustainable but to make the whole supply chain sustainable as well. As part of the supply chain, Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) are no exception. With the pressure from the internal and external stakeholders such as Government, Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), public authorities, LSPs are more inclined towards making themselves more sustainable and ‘being sustainable’ has become a competitive advantage for them now. To measure and evaluate sustainability performance, various frameworks and standards have been introduced. This paper reviews the available literature from 2010 to 2019 under logistics service providers, sustainability, and sustainability performance evaluation. This study was conducted through a systematic review of the literature and presents various sustainability indicators used by researchers, sustainability performance evaluation models, and frameworks and the approaches used by researchers in developing those models and frameworks for the logistics service providers and the supply chain as a whole. The review brings up the importance of further analyzing and testing those proposed models and frameworks using case studies and the need for incorporating the opinions of stakeholders when developing the models for the evaluation of sustainability performance and frameworks.
{"title":"Framework for Measuring Sustainability Performance of Logistics Service Providers- A Systematic Review of Literature","authors":"A. P. K. J. Prabodhika, D. Niwunhella, A. Wijayanayake","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3862225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3862225","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability and sustainable development have become a buzzing topic in today's business world. Business organizations are more inclined towards making themselves economically, socially, and environmentally more sustainable. With the introduction of concepts like “Sustainable Supply Chain Management” organizations have determined to not only make themselves sustainable but to make the whole supply chain sustainable as well. As part of the supply chain, Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) are no exception. With the pressure from the internal and external stakeholders such as Government, Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), public authorities, LSPs are more inclined towards making themselves more sustainable and ‘being sustainable’ has become a competitive advantage for them now. To measure and evaluate sustainability performance, various frameworks and standards have been introduced. This paper reviews the available literature from 2010 to 2019 under logistics service providers, sustainability, and sustainability performance evaluation. This study was conducted through a systematic review of the literature and presents various sustainability indicators used by researchers, sustainability performance evaluation models, and frameworks and the approaches used by researchers in developing those models and frameworks for the logistics service providers and the supply chain as a whole. The review brings up the importance of further analyzing and testing those proposed models and frameworks using case studies and the need for incorporating the opinions of stakeholders when developing the models for the evaluation of sustainability performance and frameworks.","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121035870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this essay, which formed the basis for the luncheon keynote speech at the Rethinking Stewardship online conference presented by the Ira M. Millstein Center for Global Markets and Corporate Ownership at Columbia Law School and ECGI, the European Corporate Governance Institute, the essential, but not sufficient, role of regulation to promote more effective stewardship by institutional investors is discussed. To frame specific policy recommendations that align the responsibilities of institutional investors with the best interests of their human investors in sustainable wealth creation, environmental responsibility, the respectful treatment of stakeholders, and, in particular, the fair pay and treatment of workers, the essay: 1) explains how the corporate governance system we now have is fundamentally different than the system we had when the regulatory structures governing institutional investors were put in place; 2)identifies the suboptimal results that have ensued by increasing the power of institutional investors, and thus the stock market, over public companies, while diminishing the protections for other stakeholders and society generally; 3) discusses why leaving needed change to the industry itself is not an adequate answer; and 4) sets forth a series of specific, measured public policy changes for mutual funds, pension funds, and hedge funds. In sum, the essay explains and addresses the reality that companies that make products and deliver services cannot focus more on sustainable profitability, respectful treatment of stakeholders, and social responsibility than the powerful investors that control them permit. Like any powerful economic interest, institutional investors should be expected to be responsible citizens and faithful fiduciaries.
这篇文章构成了哥伦比亚大学法学院Ira M. Millstein全球市场和公司所有权中心和欧洲公司治理研究所(ECGI)在“反思管理在线会议”上的午餐会主题演讲的基础，文中讨论了监管在促进机构投资者更有效的管理方面的必要但不充分的作用。为了制定具体的政策建议，使机构投资者的责任与其人类投资者在可持续财富创造、环境责任、尊重利益相关者，特别是工人的公平薪酬和待遇方面的最佳利益保持一致，本文:1)解释了我们现在的公司治理体系与监管机构投资者的监管结构到位时的公司治理体系有何根本不同;2)确定了随后的次优结果，即增加机构投资者的权力，从而增加股票市场对上市公司的权力，同时减少对其他利益相关者和整个社会的保护;3)讨论为什么把需要的改变留给行业本身并不是一个充分的答案;4)为共同基金、养老基金和对冲基金提出了一系列具体的、可衡量的公共政策变化。总而言之，本文解释并解决了这样一个现实，即生产产品和提供服务的公司不能比控制它们的强大投资者更关注可持续盈利能力、尊重利益相关者和社会责任。与任何强大的经济利益集团一样，应该期望机构投资者成为负责任的公民和忠实的受托人。
{"title":"Stewardship 2021: The Centrality of Institutional Investor Regulation to Restoring a Fair and Sustainable American Economy","authors":"L. Strine","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3719145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3719145","url":null,"abstract":"In this essay, which formed the basis for the luncheon keynote speech at the Rethinking Stewardship online conference presented by the Ira M. Millstein Center for Global Markets and Corporate Ownership at Columbia Law School and ECGI, the European Corporate Governance Institute, the essential, but not sufficient, role of regulation to promote more effective stewardship by institutional investors is discussed. To frame specific policy recommendations that align the responsibilities of institutional investors with the best interests of their human investors in sustainable wealth creation, environmental responsibility, the respectful treatment of stakeholders, and, in particular, the fair pay and treatment of workers, the essay: 1) explains how the corporate governance system we now have is fundamentally different than the system we had when the regulatory structures governing institutional investors were put in place; 2)identifies the suboptimal results that have ensued by increasing the power of institutional investors, and thus the stock market, over public companies, while diminishing the protections for other stakeholders and society generally; 3) discusses why leaving needed change to the industry itself is not an adequate answer; and 4) sets forth a series of specific, measured public policy changes for mutual funds, pension funds, and hedge funds. In sum, the essay explains and addresses the reality that companies that make products and deliver services cannot focus more on sustainable profitability, respectful treatment of stakeholders, and social responsibility than the powerful investors that control them permit. Like any powerful economic interest, institutional investors should be expected to be responsible citizens and faithful fiduciaries.","PeriodicalId":175326,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132987834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：