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Corpus Callosum Abnormality in a Free-Ranging Coyote (Canis latrans). 自由狩猎土狼(Canis latrans)的胼胝体异常。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00202
Kate Slyngstad, Nicki Rosenhagen, Tori L McKlveen

A juvenile coyote (Canis latrans) was presented to a wildlife rehabilitation center with intermittent circling, hypernatremia, and elevated blood urea nitrogen. Diagnostic testing supported a diagnosis of hypodipsic hypernatremia. Postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and necropsy revealed marked hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, a finding not previously reported in a free-ranging animal.

一只幼年土狼(Canis latrans)因间歇性转圈、高钠血症和血尿素氮升高而被送到野生动物康复中心。诊断测试支持低钾性高钠血症的诊断。死后的磁共振成像(MRI)和尸体解剖显示,胼胝体明显发育不良,这是以前在放养动物中从未报道过的发现。
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引用次数: 0
Little Brown Bats (Myotis lucifugus) Are Resistant to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. 小褐蝠(Myotis lucifugus)对 SARS-CoV-2 感染具有抵抗力。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00114
Jeffrey S Hall, Sean Nashold, Erik Hofmeister, Ariel E Leon, Elizabeth A Falendysz, Hon S Ip, Carly M Malavé, Tonie E Rocke, Mariano Carossino, Udeni Balasuriya, Susan Knowles

It has been proposed that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that spread through human populations as a pandemic originated in Asian bats. There is concern that infected humans could transmit the virus to native North American bats; therefore, the susceptibility of several North American bat species to the pandemic virus has been experimentally assessed. Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) were shown to be resistant to infection by SARS-CoV-2, whereas Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) became infected and orally excreted moderate amounts of virus for up to 18 d postinoculation. Little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) frequently contact humans, and their populations are threatened over much of their range due to white-nose syndrome, a fungal disease that is continuing to spread across North America. We experimentally challenged little brown bats with SARS-CoV-2 to determine their susceptibility and host potential and whether the virus presents an additional risk to this species. We found that this species was resistant to infection by SARS-CoV-2. These findings provide reassurance to wildlife rehabilitators, biologists, conservation scientists, and the public at large who are concerned with possible transmission of this virus to threatened bat populations.

据推测,作为大流行病在人类中传播的严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)病毒起源于亚洲蝙蝠。人们担心受感染的人类会将病毒传染给北美本地蝙蝠;因此,对北美几种蝙蝠对大流行病毒的易感性进行了实验评估。实验表明,大棕蝠(Eptesicus fuscus)对 SARS-CoV-2 的感染具有抵抗力,而墨西哥自由尾蝠(Tadarida brasiliensis)则会受到感染,并在接种后的 18 天内口服排出适量病毒。小棕蝠(Myotis lucifugus)经常与人类接触,由于白鼻综合征这种真菌疾病在北美不断蔓延,它们的种群在大部分地区都受到威胁。我们用 SARS-CoV-2 对小褐蝙蝠进行了实验性挑战,以确定它们的易感性和宿主潜力,以及病毒是否会给这一物种带来额外的风险。我们发现该物种对 SARS-CoV-2 的感染具有抵抗力。这些发现为野生动物康复者、生物学家、自然保护科学家以及担心这种病毒可能传播给濒危蝙蝠种群的广大公众提供了保证。
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引用次数: 0
Serpentoviruses in Free-Ranging Shingleback Skinks (Tiliqua rugosa) in Western Australia and South Australia, Australia. 澳大利亚西澳大利亚州和南澳大利亚州自由活动的星背石龙子(Tiliqua rugosa)体内的蛇形病毒。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00198
Robert L O'Reilly, Teresa C Jones, Timothy H Hyndman, Bethany Jackson, Michael G Gardner

Serpentoviruses are strongly associated with upper respiratory tract disease in captive and free-ranging bluetongued skinks (Tiliqua spp.). In Australia, bluetongue serpentoviruses were first reported in shingleback skinks (Tiliqua rugosa) with upper respiratory tract disease that presented to wildlife rehabilitation facilities in Perth, Western Australia. Since then, serpentoviruses have been detected commonly in captive bluetongued skinks from most areas of Australia, yet knowledge about the prevalence and distribution of these viruses in free-ranging bluetongued skinks, and other skink species, remains limited. Oral swabs were collected from 162 shingleback skinks from four areas in Western Australia and neighboring South Australia to screen for bluetongue serpentoviruses by PCR. The proportions of PCR positives were 0% (0/4) for Rottnest Island (a small island west of Perth, Western Australia), 3% (1/32) for the Shire of Kent (∼5,600 km2 in the southwest of Western Australia), 1% (1/91) from an approximately 250,000 km2 area across South Australia and Western Australia, and 0% (0/35) from Mount Mary (∼150 km2 in the mid north of South Australia). Neither of the two PCR-positive shingleback skinks had overt signs of upper respiratory tract disease. These results are consistent with serpentoviruses occurring at a relatively low crude prevalence of 1.4% (95% confidence interval, 0.2-4.9%) across these areas, although the potential bias from sampling active and apparently healthy individuals may mean that this estimate is lower than the true prevalence. This contrasts with the high proportion of PCR positives reported in captive individuals. In the absence of experimental or observational data on viral clearance and recovery, Tiliqua spp. skinks that are intended for release into the wild should be housed with strict biosecurity to prevent interactions with captive individuals and screened to ensure that they are not PCR positive before release.

蛇形病毒与人工饲养和放养的蓝舌石龙子(Tiliqua spp.)的上呼吸道疾病密切相关。在澳大利亚,蓝舌蛇形病毒首次出现在西澳大利亚珀斯野生动物康复设施中患有上呼吸道疾病的蓝背石龙子(Tiliqua rugosa)身上。从那时起,澳大利亚大部分地区的人工饲养蓝舌石龙子中都普遍检测到了蛇形病毒,但有关这些病毒在自由放养的蓝舌石龙子和其他石龙子物种中的流行和分布情况的知识仍然很有限。研究人员从西澳大利亚州和邻近的南澳大利亚州的四个地区收集了162只蓝舌石龙子的口腔拭子,通过PCR方法筛查蓝舌蛇病毒。PCR阳性比例分别为:罗特内斯特岛(西澳大利亚州珀斯以西的一个小岛)0%(0/4)、肯特郡(西澳大利亚州西南部,面积约5600平方公里)3%(1/32)、南澳大利亚州南部和西澳大利亚州约25万平方公里地区1%(1/91)、玛丽山(南澳大利亚州中北部,面积约150平方公里)0%(0/35)。两只 PCR 阳性的星背石龙子都没有明显的上呼吸道疾病症状。这些结果表明,蛇形病毒在这些地区的粗流行率相对较低,为 1.4%(95% 置信区间,0.2-4.9%),尽管对活跃和明显健康的个体采样可能会产生偏差,这意味着这一估计值低于真实流行率。这与报告的圈养个体中 PCR 阳性的高比例形成了鲜明对比。在缺乏有关病毒清除和恢复的实验或观察数据的情况下,打算释放到野外的Tiliqua spp.石龙子应被安置在严格的生物安全环境中,以防止与圈养个体发生相互作用,并在释放前进行筛查,以确保它们不是PCR阳性。
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引用次数: 0
Outbreak of Contagious Ecthyma in Free-Ranging Iberian Ibex (Capra pyrenaica) in the Montgrí Massif Natural Park, Catalonia, Northeastern Spain. 西班牙东北部加泰罗尼亚蒙特格里山丘自然公园中自由觅食的伊比利亚山羊(Capra pyrenaica)爆发传染性外皮瘤。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00080
Josep Estruch, Emmanuel Serrano, Remigio Martínez, Ignacio García-Bocanegra, Marta Valldeperes, Jordi Ruiz-Olmo, Jordi Bartolomé, Albert Alemany, Santiago Lavín, Roser Velarde

Contagious ecthyma is a common, worldwide, and highly transmissible viral zoonotic skin disease caused by the orf virus (ORFV). It mainly affects farmed small ruminants, but it has also been described in a broad range of wild and domestic mammals, with Caprinae species most susceptible. Between November 2019 and January 2020, adults, juveniles, yearlings, and kids from an Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) population established in the Montgrí Massif Natural Park (Catalonia, northeastern Spain) were observed with clinical signs and lesions compatible with ORFV infection. The carcass of an adult male with severe disease enabled sample collection for histopathology and molecular studies, confirming ORFV DNA in the skin lesions. Sequence analyses indicated that the ORFV strain detected had high homology (>98%) with strains previously obtained from other European wild ruminant species. The outbreak peaked in December 2019, with an estimated prevalence of 68.97% (95% confidence interval, 53.35-84.59). From February 2020 forward, no individuals with lesions were observed. The yearly counts for population monitoring corroborated the apparently negligible ORFV impact on the ibex population of the Montgrí Natural Park. There are no previous reports of contagious ecthyma in a free-ranging Iberian ibex population.

传染性外皮藓是一种常见的世界性高传播病毒性人畜共患皮肤病,由orf病毒(ORFV)引起。该病主要影响养殖的小反刍动物,但在多种野生和家养哺乳动物中也有发生,其中以毛冠科动物最易感染。2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 1 月期间,在蒙特格里山丘自然公园(西班牙东北部加泰罗尼亚)观察到伊比利亚山羊(Capra pyrenaica)种群的成年、幼年、一岁羔羊和儿童出现与 ORFV 感染相符的临床症状和病变。通过采集一只发病严重的成年雄性山羊的尸体样本进行组织病理学和分子研究,证实皮肤病变中含有 ORFV DNA。序列分析表明,检测到的 ORFV 株系与之前从其他欧洲野生反刍动物物种中获得的株系具有高度同源性(>98%)。疫情在 2019 年 12 月达到高峰,估计发病率为 68.97%(95% 置信区间,53.35-84.59)。自 2020 年 2 月起,未观察到有病变的个体。对种群监测的年度计数证实,ORFV 对蒙特格里自然公园山羊种群的影响显然可以忽略不计。此前没有关于伊比利亚山羊种群传染性外皮瘤的报道。
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引用次数: 0
Convenience Sampling Yields No Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Free-Ranging Mammalian Wildlife in Arizona, USA, 2021-23. 2021-23 年在美国亚利桑那州进行的便利采样未发现自由活动的哺乳动物感染 SARS-CoV-2 的证据。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00153
Hayley D Yaglom, Lolita Van Pelt, April L Howard, Brian Jansen, Payton Smith, Rebekah Sorensen, Gavriella Hecht, Heather Venkat, Anne Justice-Allen, David L Bergman, David M Engelthaler

Susceptibility of free-ranging US wildlife to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been documented. Nasal or oral swabs and blood from 337 wild mammals (31 species) in Arizona USA, tested for antibodies and by reverse-transcription PCR, did not reveal evidence of SARS-CoV-2. Broader surveillance efforts are necessary to understand the role of wildlife.

美国野生动物对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的易感性已有记录。对美国亚利桑那州 337 种野生哺乳动物(31 种)的鼻腔或口腔拭子和血液进行抗体和反转录 PCR 检测,未发现 SARS-CoV-2 的证据。有必要开展更广泛的监测工作,以了解野生动物的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular Detection of Anaplasma marginale in Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from Corrientes, Argentina. 在阿根廷科连特斯的水豚(Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)体内分子检测到边缘型阿那普拉原虫。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00187
Diana Arnica, María M Orozco, Iara Figini, Paula Blanco, Cecilia Li Puma, Marisa D Farber, Eliana C Guillemi

Monitoring wildlife health is essential for understanding global disease patterns, particularly as vector-borne infections extend the geographic ranges and thereby hosts due to environmental shifts. Anaplasma marginale, primarily impacting cattle, has economic implications and has been found in diverse hosts, yet its presence in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), influential in tick-borne pathogen spread, lacks comprehensive understanding. From 2015 to 2022, 14 capybaras were surveyed across two different areas of northeastern Argentina. In 1 of 14 (7%) capybaras, the presence of A. marginale was confirmed through the amplification of specific genes, msp5 and msp1β. In addition, A. marginale DNA was detected in the capybara's blood sample through quantitative PCR, with a cycle threshold value of 30.81 (800 copies per reaction). Amplification of a fragment of the msp1α gene revealed PCR products of three different sizes, suggesting the presence of at least three coinfecting A. marginale variants in the capybara host. This study suggests that capybaras are wild hosts for A. marginale in the Ibera Wetlands in Argentina, potentially influencing the infection dynamics of both domestic and wild species. This finding highlights the necessity for thorough studies on the role of capybaras in disease dynamics, crucial for understanding wildlife health and the spread of disease.

监测野生动物的健康状况对于了解全球疾病模式至关重要,尤其是当病媒传染病的地理范围因环境变化而扩大,宿主也随之扩大时更是如此。边缘疟原虫(Anaplasma marginale)主要影响牛群,具有经济影响,已在多种宿主中发现,但对其在毛冠鱼(Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)中的存在缺乏全面了解,而毛冠鱼在蜱媒病原体传播中具有影响力。从 2015 年到 2022 年,对阿根廷东北部两个不同地区的 14 只水豚进行了调查。通过扩增特定基因 msp5 和 msp1β,14 只毛豚鼠中的 1 只(7%)确认了 A. marginale 的存在。此外,通过定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR),在毛豚鼠的血液样本中检测到了毛豚鼠DNA,周期阈值为30.81(每次反应800个拷贝)。对 msp1α 基因片段的扩增发现了三种不同大小的 PCR 产物,这表明在水豚宿主体内至少存在三种共同感染的 A. marginale 变种。这项研究表明,在阿根廷伊比利亚湿地,水豚是边缘疟原虫的野生宿主,有可能影响家养物种和野生物种的感染动态。这一发现凸显了对水豚在疾病动态中的作用进行深入研究的必要性,这对了解野生动物健康和疾病传播至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Records of the Invasive Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus microplus on Wild Hosts and of a Neotropical Tick, Amblyomma dubitatum, on Invasive Alien Mammals, Southern Brazil. 巴西南部野生寄主上的入侵牛蜱 Rhipicephalus microplus 和入侵外来哺乳动物上的新热带蜱 Amblyomma dubitatum 的记录。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-24-00047
José Reck, Greice Zorzato Gonchoroski, Thais Michel, Rovaina Doyle, Guilherme Klafke, Tatiane C Trigo, Márcia Jardim

Invasive species threaten wildlife. We detected invasive ticks on wildlife and indigenous ticks on invasive mammals in southern Brazil. The invasive cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus was found on 12 native mammals and one invasive exotic (Axis axis). The Neotropical tick Amblyomma dubitatum was found on three invasive alien mammal species.

入侵物种威胁野生动物。我们在巴西南部发现了野生动物身上的入侵蜱虫和入侵哺乳动物身上的本地蜱虫。在 12 种本地哺乳动物和一种外来入侵动物(轴类)身上发现了入侵牛蜱 Rhipicephalus microplus。在 3 种外来入侵哺乳动物身上发现了新热带蜱虫 Amblyomma dubitatum。
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引用次数: 0
Associations between Ornithodoros spp. Ticks and Mojave Desert Tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) Obtained from Health Assessment Documents. 从健康评估文件中获取的 Ornithodoros spp.
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00172
Molly J Bechtel, Jeffrey T Foster, Todd C Esque, Nathan C Nieto, Kristina Drake, Mike B Teglas

Soft ticks in the genus Ornithodoros occur throughout the Mojave Desert in southern Nevada, southeastern California, and parts of southwestern Utah and northwestern Arizona, USA, and are frequently observed parasitizing Mojave desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii). However, limited research exists examining the relationship between ticks and desert tortoises. Mojave desert tortoises are listed as threatened by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, and as such, their populations are monitored and individual tortoise health is routinely assessed. These health assessments document the presence and abundance of ticks present on tortoises, but detailed examination of the relationship between ticks and tortoise health has been lacking. This study analyzed the relationship between tick presence and desert tortoise health assessments as a function of season, location, age (adult vs. juvenile), foraging behavior, evidence of clinical signs of disease, body condition score, and sex. Our results indicate that more ticks were found on tortoises in the summer than in any other season. Ticks were observed more frequently on captive tortoises versus wild tortoises, and more ticks were likely to be present on adult tortoises than on juveniles. Ticks were also more likely to be observed on tortoises that lacked evidence of foraging and on tortoises with observed clinical signs of disease. These findings provide valuable insights into the biology of ticks in relation to tortoises that may be useful for management of both captive and free-living threatened tortoise populations where ticks are detected. Our study also may improve understanding of potential tick-borne disease dynamics in the Mojave desert tortoise habitat, including Borrelia sp. carried by Ornithodoros ticks, which cause tick-borne relapsing fever in people.

Ornithodoros 属软蜱遍布美国内华达州南部、加利福尼亚州东南部、犹他州西南部和亚利桑那州西北部的莫哈韦沙漠,并经常被观察到寄生在莫哈韦沙漠陆龟(Gopherus agassizii)身上。然而,关于蜱虫与沙漠陆龟之间关系的研究却很有限。莫哈韦沙漠陆龟被美国鱼类和野生动物管理局列为濒危物种,因此对其种群进行监测,并对陆龟个体的健康状况进行例行评估。这些健康评估记录了陆龟身上蜱虫的存在和数量,但缺乏对蜱虫与陆龟健康之间关系的详细研究。本研究分析了蜱虫的存在与沙漠陆龟健康评估之间的关系,并将其作为季节、地点、年龄(成年与幼年)、觅食行为、疾病的临床表现、身体状况评分和性别的函数。我们的研究结果表明,夏季在陆龟身上发现的蜱虫比其他季节都多。与野生陆龟相比,在人工饲养的陆龟身上发现蜱虫的频率更高,而且成年陆龟身上的蜱虫可能比幼年陆龟身上的更多。此外,在没有觅食迹象的陆龟和有临床疾病症状的陆龟身上也更容易观察到蜱虫。这些发现为了解蜱虫与陆龟的生物学关系提供了宝贵的信息,可能对发现蜱虫的人工饲养和自由生活的受威胁陆龟种群的管理有用。我们的研究还可以加深对莫哈韦沙漠陆龟栖息地潜在的蜱传疾病动态的了解,包括由 Ornithodoros 蜱携带的 Borrelia sp.
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引用次数: 0
Poor Survival Rate of Eastern Gray Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) Affected by Chronic Phalaris Toxicity. 受慢性法桐毒性影响的东部灰袋鼠(Macropus giganteus)存活率低。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00168
Tian Chen, Pam Whiteley, Lee F Skerratt, Charles El-Hage, Richard Ploeg, Naomi Davis, Jasmin Hufschmid

Chronic phalaris toxicity (CPT) is a neurological disease caused by animals ingesting toxins produced by early growth stages of Phalaris aquatica, a pasture plant introduced to the southeastern regions of Australia post colonization. Little is known about the clinical progression of CPT in wildlife, as incidents are sporadic and predominantly reported when animals are in the end stages of disease and in a poor welfare state. We studied a cohort of 35 eastern gray kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) affected by CPT to clarify clinical prognosis and survival rates. Kangaroos were captured in May, June, and July of 2022 at Plenty Gorge Parklands, Victoria, Australia. Each animal was radiotracked for 180 d, clinical progression and disease outcomes monitored twice a week. By the conclusion of the study, 24 animals had died (19 by euthanasia due to deterioration, five found dead). Ten animals survived, with two demonstrating a reduction in clinical signs and eight showing full resolution of clinical signs. One animal was disqualified from the study. The overall survival rate was 29.4% (95% confidence interval 17.5-49.5%). The survival duration of animals that died ranged from 5 to 133 d. There was no difference in survival rate based on sex (P=0.2), age class (P=0.49) or the month of capture (P=0.49). These results suggest that CPT is an important health and welfare concern for at-risk macropod populations, with high case-fatality rates and prolonged clinical durations. Further research to manage the disease via methods such as reducing Phalaris aquatica plant coverage and preventative treatments for animals is warranted to reduce disease incidences and improve disease outcomes in wildlife populations.

慢性水飞蓟中毒症(CPT)是一种神经系统疾病,由动物摄入水飞蓟早期生长阶段产生的毒素引起,水飞蓟是澳大利亚殖民后引入东南部地区的一种牧草植物。人们对野生动物CPT的临床进展知之甚少,因为这种疾病只是偶发事件,而且主要是在动物处于疾病晚期和福利状况不佳时才被报道。我们对35只患CPT的东部灰袋鼠(Macropus giganteus)进行了研究,以明确临床预后和存活率。袋鼠于 2022 年 5 月、6 月和 7 月在澳大利亚维多利亚州丰盛峡谷公园(Plenty Gorge Parklands)捕获。对每只动物进行了 180 天的放射追踪,每周监测两次临床进展和疾病结果。研究结束时,24 只动物死亡(19 只因病情恶化而安乐死,5 只被发现死亡)。10只动物存活下来,其中2只临床症状减轻,8只临床症状完全消失。一只动物被取消了研究资格。总存活率为 29.4%(95% 置信区间为 17.5-49.5%)。死亡动物的存活时间从 5 天到 133 天不等。存活率因性别(P=0.2)、年龄等级(P=0.49)或捕获月份(P=0.49)而无差异。这些结果表明,CPT是高危大型腹足类种群的一个重要健康和福利问题,病死率高,临床持续时间长。有必要开展进一步研究,通过减少水生法桐植物覆盖率和对动物进行预防性治疗等方法来管理该疾病,以减少疾病发生率并改善野生动物种群的疾病治疗效果。
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引用次数: 0
Toxoplasma gondii Exposure and Dietary Habits of Two Sympatric Carnivores in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest, Southern Chile. 智利南部瓦尔迪维亚温带雨林中两种同栖食肉动物的弓形虫暴露和饮食习惯。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00118
Carlos Calvo-Mac, Andrés Ugarte-Barriga, Carlos Canales-Cerro, Sebastián A Klarian, Carolina Cárcamo, Juan Vargas-Pérez, Gonzalo Medina-Vogel

Toxoplasma gondii, a parasitic protozoan, may infect most warm-blooded animals, including humans and carnivores. Our study focused on alien-invasive American minks (Neogale vison) and domestic cats (Felis catus) in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest, Chile. The main goal was to investigate the relationship between their dietary habits and T. gondii exposure in the Valdivia River watershed. To detect T. gondii exposure, blood serum samples from 49 domestic cats and 40 American minks were analyzed using an ELISA, and stable isotope analysis of δ15N and δ13C from vibrissae was performed to determine the dietary habits of both species. Relationships between T. gondii exposure and dietary habits were explored using generalized linear mixed-effects models. American minks that were T. gondii seropositive exhibited a broader prey range compared to seropositive domestic cats, with minimal dietary overlap between the two groups. Exposure of domestic cats to T. gondii had no significant association with any isotope value or prey item in their diet. In American minks, we found a positive and significant association between the proportion of Domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the diet and high δ15N values with T. gondii exposure. This suggests that domestic species prey related to anthropogenic areas, and the consumption of high-trophic-level prey, may contribute to T. gondii exposure in American minks. Conversely, contrary to previous hypotheses, consumption of rodents showed no significant association with T. gondii exposure in either species. Our findings emphasize the importance of further research to investigate trophic interactions in the transmission dynamics of T. gondii in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest.

摘要:弓形虫是一种寄生原生动物,可感染大多数温血动物,包括人类和食肉动物。我们的研究主要针对智利瓦尔迪维亚温带雨林中的外来入侵美洲水貂(Neogale vison)和家猫(Felis catus)。研究的主要目的是调查它们的饮食习惯与瓦尔迪维亚河流域淋球菌暴露之间的关系。为了检测淋球菌暴露情况,研究人员使用酶联免疫吸附法分析了 49 只家猫和 40 只美洲水貂的血清样本,并对猫科动物匍匐茎的 δ15N 和 δ13C 进行了稳定同位素分析,以确定这两种动物的饮食习惯。使用广义线性混合效应模型探讨了淋病双球菌暴露与饮食习惯之间的关系。与血清反应呈阳性的家猫相比,T. gondii血清反应呈阳性的美洲水貂的猎物范围更广,两组之间的饮食重叠极少。家猫感染淋病与它们饮食中的任何同位素值或猎物都没有明显的联系。在美洲水貂中,我们发现家鸡(Gallus gallus domesticus)在食物中的比例与淋病双球菌暴露的高δ15N值之间存在显著的正相关。这表明,与人为地区相关的家养物种猎物以及高营养级猎物的食用可能会导致美洲水貂接触到淋病双球菌。相反,与之前的假设相反,食用啮齿类动物与这两种动物的淋病接触均无明显关联。我们的发现强调了进一步研究瓦尔迪维亚温带雨林中淋球菌传播动态中营养相互作用的重要性。
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Journal of Wildlife Diseases
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