Pub Date : 2017-06-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000375
H. Zamané, Y. Kambiré, S. Kiemtoré, D. P. Kain, Raissa Soubeiga, A. Ouédraogo
Objective: The study’s objective was to determine the epidemiological, clinical, ancillary investigations, therapeutic patterns and the outcome of postpartum hypertension. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from January 2013 to December 2014 in the departments Obstetrics and Cardiology of two Teaching Hospitals in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. All cases of hypertension or eclampsia which newly occurred within 42 days postpartum without prior medical history of hypertension were included in the study. Results: One hundred and seventeen cases of postpartum hypertension were recorded representing 1.08% of deliveries. The mean age was 26.7 years, primiparous represented 39.1% of cases. The mean days between delivery and diagnosis were 5.6 ± 6.3 days. Hypertension was discovered as eclampsia in 61.95% of cases. It was severe hypertension in 42.39% of cases. The blood pressure was controlled in 90.22% within the first 48 hours. Conclusion: Postpartum period follow up with systematic blood pressure and urine protein measurements are necessary.
{"title":"Postpartum Arterial Hypertension in African Setting, Ouagadougou","authors":"H. Zamané, Y. Kambiré, S. Kiemtoré, D. P. Kain, Raissa Soubeiga, A. Ouédraogo","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000375","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study’s objective was to determine the epidemiological, clinical, ancillary investigations, \u0000 therapeutic patterns and the outcome of postpartum hypertension. \u0000Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from January 2013 to December 2014 in the \u0000 departments Obstetrics and Cardiology of two Teaching Hospitals in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. All cases of \u0000 hypertension or eclampsia which newly occurred within 42 days postpartum without prior medical history of \u0000 hypertension were included in the study. \u0000Results: One hundred and seventeen cases of postpartum hypertension were recorded representing 1.08% of \u0000 deliveries. The mean age was 26.7 years, primiparous represented 39.1% of cases. The mean days between \u0000 delivery and diagnosis were 5.6 ± 6.3 days. Hypertension was discovered as eclampsia in 61.95% of cases. It was \u0000 severe hypertension in 42.39% of cases. The blood pressure was controlled in 90.22% within the first 48 hours. \u0000Conclusion: Postpartum period follow up with systematic blood pressure and urine protein measurements are \u0000 necessary.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74203433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000374
A. Ponzetto, Ruth Rossetto-Giaccherino, N. Figura
The birth rate in Europe has reached the very low rate of 1.58 children per woman [1]; in Italy, the rate is even lower, with just 1.35 children per couple recorded in 2015 [2]. In the industrial city of Turin, the rate is less than one child per couple, whilst a rate of two children per woman is considered the standard replacement rate for a population, resulting in relative stability in terms of total numbers. Rates above two children indicate growing populations with a declining median age. Conversely, there is a significant migration rate from foreign countries, mostly from Africa and the Middle East, which causes social unrest. A contributing factor to this low birth rate is infertility, for which cures are thus required. Thyroid autoimmunity can cause low fertility [3], which can be treated with immunosuppressive drugs, even in the absence of functional thyroid damage. Anti-thyroid autoantibodies are often present in women of child-bearing age [4], and up to 51.4% of women with thyroid disorders have circulating anti-thyroid autoantibodies [5].
{"title":"Infertility and Thyroid Autoimmunity","authors":"A. Ponzetto, Ruth Rossetto-Giaccherino, N. Figura","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000374","url":null,"abstract":"The birth rate in Europe has reached the very low rate of 1.58 children per woman [1]; in Italy, the rate is even lower, with just 1.35 children per couple recorded in 2015 [2]. In the industrial city of Turin, the rate is less than one child per couple, whilst a rate of two children per woman is considered the standard replacement rate for a population, resulting in relative stability in terms of total numbers. Rates above two children indicate growing populations with a declining median age. Conversely, there is a significant migration rate from foreign countries, mostly from Africa and the Middle East, which causes social unrest. A contributing factor to this low birth rate is infertility, for which cures are thus required. Thyroid autoimmunity can cause low fertility [3], which can be treated with immunosuppressive drugs, even in the absence of functional thyroid damage. Anti-thyroid autoantibodies are often present in women of child-bearing age [4], and up to 51.4% of women with thyroid disorders have circulating anti-thyroid autoantibodies [5].","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89469306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-20DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000372
Tadesse Hamdalla, Abinet Arega, Terefe Markos
Background: The continuing growth of the world population has become an urgent global problem. Ethiopia, like most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, is experiencing rapid population growth at a rate of 2.6%. Promotion of family planning in countries with high birth rates has the potential to reduce poverty and hunger and avert 32% of all maternal deaths and nearly 10% of childhood death. Objective: To estimate prevalence and associated factors of modern contraceptive utilization among married women in reproductive age group in Misha Woreda Hadiya Zone, South Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2013. Multistage Stratified sampling technique was employed for the study. I interviewed 581 currently married women of reproductive age group (15-49) years. The collected data was entered and analyzed using EPI-INFO version 3.5 and SPSS version 16.0 statistical program. Crude and adjusted odds ratios from bi-variant and multi-variant analyses were used to measure association between modern contraceptive use and independent variables. Results: The prevalence of modern contraceptive method was 23.924% with 95% CI (0.205%,0.273%). Final multiple logistic regression analysis showed that residence [(OR 2.86 with 95% CI (1.13,7.28)], possession of radio [(OR 3.43 with 95% CI (2.07,5.68)], income [(OR 5.00 with 95% CI (2.11,11.85)], knowledge [(OR 4.92 with 95% CI (3.05,7.93)] and communication with their partners [OR 3.3 with 95% CI (1.36,9.66)] were found significantly associated with utilization of family planning methods. Conclusion: The utilization of modern contraceptive method was low. Contraceptive utilization was associated with some socio-economic, socio-demographic and socio-psychological factors like age, residence, family monthly income, knowledge and spousal communication. It is also associated with different sources of information. Recommendation: One to five health development armies should be strengthen by Woreda health office, health facilities and health posts to improve modern contraceptive use to achieve Millennium development goals.
{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Modern Contraceptive Utilization among Married Women in Reproductive Age Group in Misha Woreda Hadiya Zone, South Ethiopia","authors":"Tadesse Hamdalla, Abinet Arega, Terefe Markos","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000372","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The continuing growth of the world population has become an urgent global problem. Ethiopia, like most countries in sub-Saharan Africa, is experiencing rapid population growth at a rate of 2.6%. Promotion of family planning in countries with high birth rates has the potential to reduce poverty and hunger and avert 32% of all maternal deaths and nearly 10% of childhood death. \u0000Objective: To estimate prevalence and associated factors of modern contraceptive utilization among married women in reproductive age group in Misha Woreda Hadiya Zone, South Ethiopia. \u0000Methods: A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2013. Multistage Stratified sampling technique was employed for the study. I interviewed 581 currently married women of reproductive age group (15-49) years. The collected data was entered and analyzed using EPI-INFO version 3.5 and SPSS version 16.0 statistical program. Crude and adjusted odds ratios from bi-variant and multi-variant analyses were used to measure association between modern contraceptive use and independent variables. \u0000Results: The prevalence of modern contraceptive method was 23.924% with 95% CI (0.205%,0.273%). Final multiple logistic regression analysis showed that residence [(OR 2.86 with 95% CI (1.13,7.28)], possession of radio [(OR 3.43 with 95% CI (2.07,5.68)], income [(OR 5.00 with 95% CI (2.11,11.85)], knowledge [(OR 4.92 with 95% CI (3.05,7.93)] and communication with their partners [OR 3.3 with 95% CI (1.36,9.66)] were found significantly associated with utilization of family planning methods. \u0000Conclusion: The utilization of modern contraceptive method was low. Contraceptive utilization was associated with some socio-economic, socio-demographic and socio-psychological factors like age, residence, family monthly income, knowledge and spousal communication. It is also associated with different sources of information. \u0000Recommendation: One to five health development armies should be strengthen by Woreda health office, health facilities and health posts to improve modern contraceptive use to achieve Millennium development goals.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85704371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-12DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000371
Yonghee Jang, Ka I Che, M. Suen
Background: Obesity is an important problem of health in teenagers. However, health problem is not the only problem but also a society problem with who gets obese. The obesity-related stereotypes become more important issue nowadays, which gets the idea that the person is lazy, sporting less, greedy etc. Objective: To establish an obesity-related stereotypes scale and to examine the effect of the obesity-related stereotypes among Taiwan and Macau senior high school girls are the aims. Methods and Results: Pilot study (N=138) selects an appropriate figure scale and the standard and obesity figures were occupied in main experiment. Then, the main experiment (N=221; 103 Taiwan & 118 Macau girls) conduct a Chinese-version Obesity-related Stereotype Scale with three factors (with 13 items): Unwell Personal Performance (6 items), Poor Interpersonal Perception (4 items), and Inappropriate Life Style (3 items). Results show that: 1. Girls in stereotype activation condition show high scores of stereotype scores; 2. There is no significant difference between Taiwan and Macau sample; 3. Girls with underweight and normal-weights tempt to expect lower body weight rather than standard body weight group, but ones with overweight did not. Conclusion: The senior high school girls do have the obesity-related stereotypes. While stereotypes have been activated by using the obesity figures, girls will show obvious stereotype on the scale. There is no difference between Taiwan and Macau girls.
{"title":"Health Education: The Influences of the Obesity-Related Stereotypes on Evaluations of Different Body Shapes in High School Girls","authors":"Yonghee Jang, Ka I Che, M. Suen","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000371","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity is an important problem of health in teenagers. However, health problem is not the only \u0000 problem but also a society problem with who gets obese. The obesity-related stereotypes become more important \u0000 issue nowadays, which gets the idea that the person is lazy, sporting less, greedy etc. \u0000Objective: To establish an obesity-related stereotypes scale and to examine the effect of the obesity-related \u0000 stereotypes among Taiwan and Macau senior high school girls are the aims. \u0000Methods and Results: Pilot study (N=138) selects an appropriate figure scale and the standard and obesity \u0000 figures were occupied in main experiment. Then, the main experiment (N=221; 103 Taiwan & 118 Macau girls) \u0000 conduct a Chinese-version Obesity-related Stereotype Scale with three factors (with 13 items): Unwell Personal \u0000 Performance (6 items), Poor Interpersonal Perception (4 items), and Inappropriate Life Style (3 items). Results show \u0000 that: 1. Girls in stereotype activation condition show high scores of stereotype scores; 2. There is no significant \u0000 difference between Taiwan and Macau sample; 3. Girls with underweight and normal-weights tempt to expect lower \u0000 body weight rather than standard body weight group, but ones with overweight did not. \u0000Conclusion: The senior high school girls do have the obesity-related stereotypes. While stereotypes have been \u0000 activated by using the obesity figures, girls will show obvious stereotype on the scale. There is no difference \u0000 between Taiwan and Macau girls.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84732220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-06DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000370
T. HaileAnchebi, B. ZelekeShiferaw, R. OlanaFite, S. GaromaAbeya
Background: Good menstrual hygienic practices are essential during menstruation period. Young women especially in developing countries often lack information about good menstrual hygiene practices. The objective of this study was to assess the level of menstrual hygienic practice and the associated factors among female high school students in Adama town. Methods: A cross-sectional, institution based study was conducted from April 11th-25th, 2016. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data was cleaned, coded and entered in to Epi-data 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20:00. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were done to determine the association between the menstrual hygienic practice and the predicator variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant association. Result: A total of 398 female students were involved in the study giving a response rate of 94.3%. Of the total respondents about 57% had good level of menstrual hygiene practice. Mothers education status [AOR=0.608; 95% CI=0.374-0.990], source of money for sanitary materials [AOR=2.267; 95% CI=1.076, 4.772], respondents feeling on comfort ability of the school [AOR=0.557; 95% CI=0.366-0.846] were significantly associated with level of knowledge about menstrual hygienic practice. Conclusion: The study showed that more than half of the respondents had good level of menstrual hygiene practice. Mothers’ educational status, source of money for sanitary materials and respondents feeling on comfort ability of the school were found to be predictors of menstrual hygiene practice among the students. Thus, designing health information and communication programs on awareness about menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice is implicated.
背景:良好的月经卫生习惯在月经期间是必不可少的。特别是发展中国家的年轻女性往往缺乏关于良好月经卫生习惯的信息。摘要本研究旨在了解阿道玛镇女高中生的月经卫生习惯水平及其影响因素。方法:于2016年4月11日至25日进行横断面、机构性研究。采用多阶段抽样技术对研究对象进行筛选。对数据进行清洗、编码并录入Epi-data 3.1，使用SPSS version 20:00进行分析。采用二元和多元logistic回归分析确定月经卫生习惯与预测变量之间的关系。p值小于0.05为显著相关。结果:共有398名女大学生参与调查，调查回复率为94.3%。在所有受访者中，约57%的人有良好的月经卫生习惯。母亲受教育状况[AOR=0.608;95% CI=0.374-0.990]，卫生物资资金来源[AOR=2.267;95% CI=1.076, 4.772]，被调查者对学校舒适能力的感觉[AOR=0.557;(95% CI=0.366-0.846)与经期卫生实践知识水平显著相关。结论:调查结果显示，半数以上的受访女性具有良好的月经卫生习惯。母亲的受教育程度、卫生用品的资金来源和受访者对学校舒适程度的感觉是学生月经卫生习惯的预测因素。因此，设计关于月经意识和月经卫生实践的健康信息和交流项目是有意义的。
{"title":"Practice of Menstrual Hygiene and Associated Factors among Female HighSchool Students in Adama Town","authors":"T. HaileAnchebi, B. ZelekeShiferaw, R. OlanaFite, S. GaromaAbeya","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000370","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Good menstrual hygienic practices are essential during menstruation period. Young women especially in developing countries often lack information about good menstrual hygiene practices. The objective of this study was to assess the level of menstrual hygienic practice and the associated factors among female high school students in Adama town. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional, institution based study was conducted from April 11th-25th, 2016. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data was cleaned, coded and entered in to Epi-data 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20:00. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were done to determine the association between the menstrual hygienic practice and the predicator variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant association. \u0000Result: A total of 398 female students were involved in the study giving a response rate of 94.3%. Of the total respondents about 57% had good level of menstrual hygiene practice. Mothers education status [AOR=0.608; 95% CI=0.374-0.990], source of money for sanitary materials [AOR=2.267; 95% CI=1.076, 4.772], respondents feeling on comfort ability of the school [AOR=0.557; 95% CI=0.366-0.846] were significantly associated with level of knowledge about menstrual hygienic practice. \u0000Conclusion: The study showed that more than half of the respondents had good level of menstrual hygiene practice. Mothers’ educational status, source of money for sanitary materials and respondents feeling on comfort ability of the school were found to be predictors of menstrual hygiene practice among the students. Thus, designing health information and communication programs on awareness about menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice is implicated.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85050101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-26DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000367
M. Dheresa, N. Assefa, Y. Berhane, Alelmayhu Worku, Bizatu Mingiste, Yadeta Dessie
Background: Prevention against infection and dysfunction of reproductive organ including sexually transmitted disease is one of the three dimensions of reproductive health. Gynecological morbidities affect women’s physical health, sexual function, social role, psychological life and religious life. For accurate estimation of gynecological morbidity, population based data are considered to be gold standard. There are no global wide population studies on gynecological morbidities. In this paper, we aimed to determine the prevalence of gynecological morbidity among the reproductive age women in the world. Methods: Using various key words, electronics databases were searched systematically to identify observational studies published so far in English. Meta-analysis was made to summarize the prevalence of gynecological morbidity. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence. Publication bias was evaluated by testing for funnel plot asymmetry, Begg’s rank correlation test and Egger’s linear regression test. All statistical calculations were made using STATA Version 12.0 software. Result: Eighteen studies, at least with one outcome variable were included in the final analysis. Ten studies were eligible for pelvic organ prolapse, 8 were eligible for infertility, 11 for menstrual disorder, and 15 for reproductive tract infection. The summarized random effect prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse was 13%, infertility was 8%, reproductive tract infection was 38%, and menstrual disorders were 28%. The overall pooled random effect prevalence of gynecological morbidity was 22% (95% CI=17%-27%, I2=99.38%, p=000). The potential publication bias was suggested by funnel plot asymmetry. Conclusion: The polled prevalence of overall gynecological morbidity was high. This pooled prevalence enabled us to conclude that the effect of gynecological morbidities is high to hamper the productivity of reproductive age women in the world particularly in a developing nation.
背景:预防包括性传播疾病在内的生殖器官感染和功能障碍是生殖健康的三个方面之一。妇科疾病影响妇女的身体健康、性功能、社会角色、心理生活和宗教生活。为了准确估计妇科发病率，基于人口的数据被认为是金标准。目前还没有全球范围的关于妇科发病率的人口研究。在本文中，我们的目的是确定妇科发病率的育龄妇女在世界范围内。方法:采用多种关键词，系统检索电子数据库，对已发表的英文观察性研究进行检索。荟萃分析总结妇科发病率。采用随机效应模型计算合并患病率。通过漏斗图不对称检验、Begg’s秩相关检验和Egger’s线性回归检验评价发表偏倚。所有统计计算均使用STATA Version 12.0软件进行。结果:18项研究，至少有一个结局变量被纳入最终分析。10项研究纳入盆腔器官脱垂，8项研究纳入不孕症，11项研究纳入月经紊乱，15项研究纳入生殖道感染。盆腔器官脱垂的随机效应发生率为13%，不孕症发生率为8%，生殖道感染发生率为38%，月经紊乱发生率为28%。综合随机效应妇科发病率为22% (95% CI=17% ~ 27%， I2=99.38%， p=000)。漏斗图不对称提示潜在的发表偏倚。结论:该地区妇科总发病率较高。这一综合流行率使我们得出结论，妇科疾病的影响很大，阻碍了世界上育龄妇女的生产力，特别是在发展中国家。
{"title":"Gynecological Morbidity among Women in Reproductive Age: A SystematicReview and Meta-Analysis","authors":"M. Dheresa, N. Assefa, Y. Berhane, Alelmayhu Worku, Bizatu Mingiste, Yadeta Dessie","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000367","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prevention against infection and dysfunction of reproductive organ including sexually transmitted \u0000 disease is one of the three dimensions of reproductive health. Gynecological morbidities affect women’s physical \u0000 health, sexual function, social role, psychological life and religious life. For accurate estimation of gynecological \u0000 morbidity, population based data are considered to be gold standard. There are no global wide population studies on \u0000 gynecological morbidities. In this paper, we aimed to determine the prevalence of gynecological morbidity among the \u0000 reproductive age women in the world. \u0000Methods: Using various key words, electronics databases were searched systematically to identify observational \u0000 studies published so far in English. Meta-analysis was made to summarize the prevalence of gynecological \u0000 morbidity. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence. Publication bias was evaluated by \u0000 testing for funnel plot asymmetry, Begg’s rank correlation test and Egger’s linear regression test. All statistical \u0000 calculations were made using STATA Version 12.0 software. \u0000Result: Eighteen studies, at least with one outcome variable were included in the final analysis. Ten studies were \u0000 eligible for pelvic organ prolapse, 8 were eligible for infertility, 11 for menstrual disorder, and 15 for reproductive tract \u0000 infection. The summarized random effect prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse was 13%, infertility was 8%, \u0000 reproductive tract infection was 38%, and menstrual disorders were 28%. The overall pooled random effect \u0000 prevalence of gynecological morbidity was 22% (95% CI=17%-27%, I2=99.38%, p=000). The potential publication \u0000 bias was suggested by funnel plot asymmetry. \u0000Conclusion: The polled prevalence of overall gynecological morbidity was high. This pooled prevalence enabled \u0000 us to conclude that the effect of gynecological morbidities is high to hamper the productivity of reproductive age \u0000 women in the world particularly in a developing nation.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75150779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000368
Massaldjieva R Ivanova, D. Bakova, M. Semerdjieva, Bianka Torniova, B. Tilov, E. Raikova
Introduction: Dieting, obsessive weight control practices, fears of fatness, negative body image, food and weight preoccupation and other distorted attitudes and behaviors are proven risk factors with a serious potential to facilitate the development of anorexia and bulimia nervosa and the so called “atypical ED”. They are not enough studied in Bulgaria. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and the gender differences in disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in adolescents and young adults from Bulgaria. Methods: We studied two age groups 886 (80.7%) adolescents from 14 to 19 years and 212 (19.3%) young adults from 20 to 40 years, 402 male and 696 female. The respondents were Bulgarian high school students, undergraduate university students and volunteers from the general population with higher education. All participants anonymously completed the Eating attitudes and behaviors questionnaire (EABQ); Bulgarian version of the SCOFF, The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) and gave information about their age, gender, height and weight, the lowest body weight during the last three months; the frequency of measuring the body weight. We calculated three composite EDDS sub-scores. Results: The boys and girls total and composite questionnaires scores differed significantly. There were no significant gender differences in young adults, except for EABQ total score. The mean ranks in the adolescent group showed that the female subjects reported more disordered eating behavior and risky attitudes compared with the males. In both age groups, the total SCOFF and EABQ scores and the composite scores of EDDS correlated significantly and proportionally (Spearman’s correlation, p<0.01). The mean results from EABQ showed more distorted eating attitudes and behaviors in the groups above the SCOFF “Yes” risk threshold, the EABQ scores of males and females from the groups at risk and from the non-risk groups differed significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion: More than one fifth (22.5%) of the girls examined are at risk for ED development and have significantly lower BMI values than boys. The risk in adult women and in males from both age groups is smaller. EABQ showed good discriminative capacities.
{"title":"Disordered Eating Attitudes and Behaviors: Gender Differences in Adolescenceand Young Adulthood","authors":"Massaldjieva R Ivanova, D. Bakova, M. Semerdjieva, Bianka Torniova, B. Tilov, E. Raikova","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000368","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dieting, obsessive weight control practices, fears of fatness, negative body image, food and weight \u0000 preoccupation and other distorted attitudes and behaviors are proven risk factors with a serious potential to facilitate \u0000 the development of anorexia and bulimia nervosa and the so called “atypical ED”. They are not enough studied in \u0000 Bulgaria. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and the gender differences in disordered eating \u0000 attitudes and behaviors in adolescents and young adults from Bulgaria. \u0000Methods: We studied two age groups 886 (80.7%) adolescents from 14 to 19 years and 212 (19.3%) young \u0000 adults from 20 to 40 years, 402 male and 696 female. The respondents were Bulgarian high school students, \u0000 undergraduate university students and volunteers from the general population with higher education. All participants \u0000 anonymously completed the Eating attitudes and behaviors questionnaire (EABQ); Bulgarian version of the SCOFF, \u0000 The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) and gave information about their age, gender, height and weight, the \u0000 lowest body weight during the last three months; the frequency of measuring the body weight. We calculated three \u0000 composite EDDS sub-scores. \u0000Results: The boys and girls total and composite questionnaires scores differed significantly. There were no \u0000 significant gender differences in young adults, except for EABQ total score. The mean ranks in the adolescent group \u0000 showed that the female subjects reported more disordered eating behavior and risky attitudes compared with the \u0000 males. In both age groups, the total SCOFF and EABQ scores and the composite scores of EDDS correlated \u0000 significantly and proportionally (Spearman’s correlation, p<0.01). The mean results from EABQ showed more \u0000 distorted eating attitudes and behaviors in the groups above the SCOFF “Yes” risk threshold, the EABQ scores of \u0000 males and females from the groups at risk and from the non-risk groups differed significantly (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: More than one fifth (22.5%) of the girls examined are at risk for ED development and have \u0000 significantly lower BMI values than boys. The risk in adult women and in males from both age groups is smaller. \u0000 EABQ showed good discriminative capacities.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90482195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000369
S. Freedman, R. Enright
Three intervention studies focusing on the psychology of forgiveness for women who have been abused are reviewed. All three incorporated the process model of forgiveness, used randomized assignment to experimental and control groups, and examined effectiveness through pre-test, post-test, and follow-up assessments. All three were conducted by different interveners. Results show that forgiveness is an effective way of restoring psychological health following abuse as well as increasing forgiveness toward the offender. For example, in Freedman and Enright’s study with incest survivors, the experimental group showed a significantly greater reduction in anxiety, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression, and a greater increase in forgiving the perpetrator, and in hope. Similar results were found in Reed and Enright’s study with women who experienced spousal emotional abuse. Participants who received Forgiveness Therapy, compared to an alternative therapy, demonstrated a statistically significantly greater increase in forgiving the former abusive partner, in self-esteem, in environmental mastery (everyday decisions), and in finding meaning in suffering (moral decisions), and a statistically significantly greater reduction in trait anxiety, in depression, and in post-traumatic stress symptoms. Lee and Enright’s study with women with fibromyalgia, who experienced parental abuse in childhood, additionally shows that forgiveness, can help alleviate physical symptoms as well as psychological symptoms. Specifically, the forgiveness intervention participants had greater improvements in forgiveness and overall fibromyalgia health from pretest to the post-test, and in forgiveness and state anger from the pretest to the follow-up test than the fibromyalgia health intervention participants.
{"title":"The Use of Forgiveness Therapy with Female Survivors of Abuse","authors":"S. Freedman, R. Enright","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000369","url":null,"abstract":"Three intervention studies focusing on the psychology of forgiveness for women who have been abused are reviewed. All three incorporated the process model of forgiveness, used randomized assignment to experimental and control groups, and examined effectiveness through pre-test, post-test, and follow-up assessments. All three were conducted by different interveners. Results show that forgiveness is an effective way of restoring psychological health following abuse as well as increasing forgiveness toward the offender. For example, in Freedman and Enright’s study with incest survivors, the experimental group showed a significantly greater reduction in anxiety, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression, and a greater increase in forgiving the perpetrator, and in hope. Similar results were found in Reed and Enright’s study with women who experienced spousal emotional abuse. Participants who received Forgiveness Therapy, compared to an alternative therapy, demonstrated a statistically significantly greater increase in forgiving the former abusive partner, in self-esteem, in environmental mastery (everyday decisions), and in finding meaning in suffering (moral decisions), and a statistically significantly greater reduction in trait anxiety, in depression, and in post-traumatic stress symptoms. Lee and Enright’s study with women with fibromyalgia, who experienced parental abuse in childhood, additionally shows that forgiveness, can help alleviate physical symptoms as well as psychological symptoms. Specifically, the forgiveness intervention participants had greater improvements in forgiveness and overall fibromyalgia health from pretest to the post-test, and in forgiveness and state anger from the pretest to the follow-up test than the fibromyalgia health intervention participants.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76411898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-30DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000364
F. HassanShah, S. ArifShah, M. Ghazanfar
Suicide is the second leading cause of death and it kills one person in every 40 seconds mostly between age limits 15-29 years. The global official surveys conducted reported higher death rates in low and middle income countries; however, women were affected more than men. Poisoning with chemicals is known to be a preferred method of suicide. The morbidity and mortality data following hair dye poisoning peaked in last few years. Interestingly, poisoning with Para Phenylene Diamine (PPD) is an emerging way of intentional self-harm in developing countries of Asia and Africa. We report here a case of 15 years old patient brought to our hospital emergency unit. The patient developed sudden onset of acute cervico-facial edema, lacrimation and abdominal pain, later followed by deranged liver and renal functions progressing towards liver and renal failure. The history selectively indicated the ingestion of a hair dye locally called “Kala Pathar” which predominantly contains PPD. The lack of specific diagnostic tests, a specific antidote for PPD poison and the importance of early supportive treatment are discussed.
{"title":"Para Phenylene Diamine Poisoning: Hepatic and Renal Damage","authors":"F. HassanShah, S. ArifShah, M. Ghazanfar","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000364","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide is the second leading cause of death and it kills one person in every 40 seconds mostly between age \u0000 limits 15-29 years. The global official surveys conducted reported higher death rates in low and middle income \u0000 countries; however, women were affected more than men. Poisoning with chemicals is known to be a preferred \u0000 method of suicide. The morbidity and mortality data following hair dye poisoning peaked in last few years. \u0000 Interestingly, poisoning with Para Phenylene Diamine (PPD) is an emerging way of intentional self-harm in \u0000 developing countries of Asia and Africa. We report here a case of 15 years old patient brought to our hospital \u0000 emergency unit. The patient developed sudden onset of acute cervico-facial edema, lacrimation and abdominal \u0000 pain, later followed by deranged liver and renal functions progressing towards liver and renal failure. The history \u0000 selectively indicated the ingestion of a hair dye locally called “Kala Pathar” which predominantly contains PPD. The \u0000 lack of specific diagnostic tests, a specific antidote for PPD poison and the importance of early supportive treatment \u0000 are discussed.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80038925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-29DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000365
J. Turabián, Luis Enoc Minier-Rodriguez, S. Moreno-Ruiz, Francis Eliant Rodriguez-Almonte, R. Cucho-Jove, A. Villarín-Castro
Objective: To describe and compare the doctor-patient communication referred to the verbal behavior of the female patients vs. males in the family medicine consultation. Participants and Methods: Secondary analysis of existing dataset coded to explore patient-clinician verbal communication during ambulatory visits in a family medicine office in a health Centre in Toledo (Spain) was carried out. The audio recording of the consultations and verbal content analysis of the interviews, based on the identification of 6 categories of classification of behaviors of the interaction process (Proposing, Supporting/ Agreeing, Disagreeing, Giving Information, Seeking Information, and Building) was performed. A convenience sample was carried out. Other variables included were age, sex and duration of the consultation in minutes. Triangulation between different evaluators, and methodological (qualitative and quantitative) was used as a technique to control the reliability and biases. Once the qualitative study is completed, the results of the number of behaviors in the total of triadic and dyadic consultations were presented in a quantitative way (Frequencies: No, %). The bivariate comparisons were performed using the test of Chi squared and exact probability Fischer. Results: 20 consultations were included in the analysis. In interviews with women vs. males, differed only in showing more "Supporting" (39% and 29%, respectively; p=0.05), and less “Disagreement” (3% and 11% respectively; p<0.05). There were no differences in the verbal behaviors of the physician in the consultations with female vs. male patients. There were also no differences in the duration of the consultation among female patients vs. males (7’: rank: 3’-15’ vs. 7’; rank: 4’-12’). Conclusion: The verbal behavior in interview in the family medicine consultation with female patients vs. males shows only small differences. Neither men are of Mars nor the women of Venus; may be men are from North Dakota and women from South Dakota.
目的:描述和比较家庭医学会诊中女性患者与男性患者的医患沟通(言语行为)。参与者和方法:对现有数据集进行二次分析，以探索托莱多(西班牙)一家卫生中心家庭医学办公室门诊就诊期间患者-临床医生的口头交流。在确定交互过程中6类行为分类(提议、支持/同意、不同意、提供信息、寻求信息和构建)的基础上，对咨询进行录音和访谈的口头内容分析。进行了方便抽样。其他变量包括年龄、性别和咨询时间(以分钟为单位)。不同评估者之间的三角测量和方法学(定性和定量)被用作控制可靠性和偏差的技术。一旦定性研究完成，在三合一和双合一咨询总数中的行为数量的结果以定量的方式呈现(频率:不，%)。双变量比较采用卡方检验和精确概率费雪检验。结果:20例会诊纳入分析。在对女性和男性的采访中，不同之处在于表现出更多的“支持”(分别为39%和29%;p=0.05)和较少的“不同意”(分别为3%和11%;p < 0.05)。在咨询女性和男性患者时，医生的语言行为没有差异。女性患者与男性患者的咨询时间也没有差异(7 ':排名:3 ' -15 ' vs. 7 ';等级:4“-12”)。结论:家庭医学会诊中女性患者与男性患者的访谈言语行为差异不大。男人不属于火星，女人也不属于金星;可能男人来自北达科他州，女人来自南达科他州。
{"title":"Gender Differences in Verbal Behavior Style in Interviews in Family Medicine:Mars and Venus, or North Dakota and South Dakota?","authors":"J. Turabián, Luis Enoc Minier-Rodriguez, S. Moreno-Ruiz, Francis Eliant Rodriguez-Almonte, R. Cucho-Jove, A. Villarín-Castro","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000365","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe and compare the doctor-patient communication referred to the verbal behavior of the female patients vs. males in the family medicine consultation. \u0000Participants and Methods: Secondary analysis of existing dataset coded to explore patient-clinician verbal communication during ambulatory visits in a family medicine office in a health Centre in Toledo (Spain) was carried out. The audio recording of the consultations and verbal content analysis of the interviews, based on the identification of 6 categories of classification of behaviors of the interaction process (Proposing, Supporting/ Agreeing, Disagreeing, Giving Information, Seeking Information, and Building) was performed. A convenience sample was carried out. Other variables included were age, sex and duration of the consultation in minutes. Triangulation between different evaluators, and methodological (qualitative and quantitative) was used as a technique to control the reliability and biases. Once the qualitative study is completed, the results of the number of behaviors in the total of triadic and dyadic consultations were presented in a quantitative way (Frequencies: No, %). The bivariate comparisons were performed using the test of Chi squared and exact probability Fischer. \u0000Results: 20 consultations were included in the analysis. In interviews with women vs. males, differed only in showing more \"Supporting\" (39% and 29%, respectively; p=0.05), and less “Disagreement” (3% and 11% respectively; p<0.05). There were no differences in the verbal behaviors of the physician in the consultations with female vs. male patients. There were also no differences in the duration of the consultation among female patients vs. males (7’: rank: 3’-15’ vs. 7’; rank: 4’-12’). \u0000Conclusion: The verbal behavior in interview in the family medicine consultation with female patients vs. males shows only small differences. Neither men are of Mars nor the women of Venus; may be men are from North Dakota and women from South Dakota.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75917202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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