{"title":"Premenstrual Syndrome and Increased Blood Pressure: A New Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Women?","authors":"O. TalbottEvelyn","doi":"10.1089/JWH.2016.6175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/JWH.2016.6175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88770815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01Epub Date: 2016-01-28DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2014.5170
Laura F DeFina, David Leonard, Benjamin L Willis, Carolyn E Barlow, Carrie E Finley, Marjorie R Jenkins, Barbara C Pence, Yan Zhang, Ming-Chien Chyu, E Michael Lewiecki, Chwan-Li Shen
Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck (FN) in postmenopausal women using existing Cooper Center Longitudinal Study data.
Materials and methods: A cohort of 1,720 predominantly healthy Caucasian women (57.1 ± 6.9 years) underwent preventive medical examinations that included CRF assessment by maximal Balke treadmill testing and measurement of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. CRF was estimated from total treadmill time and categorized into five categories of CRF (further defined as fitness category 1 = low fitness, 2-3 = moderate fitness, and 4-5 = high fitness). Logistic regression was used to characterize the association between CRF and BMD, adjusting for age, weight, and resistance activity level.
Results: Overall, the mean body-mass index (BMI) for all subjects was 25.0 ± 4.5 kg/m2, although BMI was in the obese range in the low fitness group. The prevalence of osteoporosis (T-score ≤ -2.5 at the FN) was greater in the low fit group than moderate or high fit (5.8% vs. 3.0% or 3.9%, respectively); with a similar pattern seen for prevalence of osteopenia (T-score > -2.5 and ≤ -1.0 at the FN) (47.5% vs. 46.4% or 44.8%, respectively). Higher age and lower weight were associated with low BMD. Fully adjusted logistic regression models showed an inverse association between CRF and low BMD of the FN. For T-score ≤ -1.0, the primary outcome, the odds ratio (OR) was 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32-0.79) for moderate fitness, and OR of 0.32 (95% CI 0.21-0.51) for high fitness was seen. For T-score ≤ -2.5 at the FN, OR was 0.30 (95% CI 0.11-0.80) for moderate fitness, and OR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.12-0.71) for high fitness.
Conclusion: Increased CRF levels are associated with reduced risk for low bone density in postmenopausal women.
目的：本研究的目的是利用现有的库珀中心纵向研究数据，确定绝经后妇女的心肺功能（CRF）与股骨颈骨矿密度（BMD）之间的关系：1720 名主要健康的高加索女性（57.1 ± 6.9 岁）接受了预防性体检，包括通过最大巴尔克跑步机测试评估 CRF 和通过双能 X 射线吸收测量法测量 BMD。CRF根据跑步机总时间进行估算，并将CRF分为五类（进一步定义为体能类别1 = 低体能，2-3 = 中等体能，4-5 = 高体能）。在对年龄、体重和阻力活动水平进行调整后，采用逻辑回归分析 CRF 与 BMD 之间的关系：总体而言，所有受试者的平均体重指数（BMI）为 25.0 ± 4.5 kg/m2，但低体能组的 BMI 处于肥胖范围。低体能组的骨质疏松症患病率（T 评分≤-2.5（FN））高于中度或高度体能组（分别为 5.8% vs. 3.0% 或 3.9%）；骨质疏松症患病率（T 评分 > -2.5 和≤-1.0（FN））的情况也类似（分别为 47.5% vs. 46.4% 或 44.8%）。年龄越大、体重越轻，BMD越低。完全调整后的逻辑回归模型显示，CRF 与 FN 的低 BMD 呈反向关系。对于 T 评分≤-1.0（主要结果），中度体能的几率比（OR）为 0.50（95% 置信区间 [CI]：0.32-0.79），高度体能的几率比（OR）为 0.32（95% 置信区间 [CI]：0.21-0.51）。如果FN的T值≤-2.5，则中度体能的OR值为0.30（95% CI 0.11-0.80），高度体能的OR值为0.29（95% CI 0.12-0.71）：结论：CRF水平的增加与绝经后妇女骨密度低风险的降低有关。
{"title":"High Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Low Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women.","authors":"Laura F DeFina, David Leonard, Benjamin L Willis, Carolyn E Barlow, Carrie E Finley, Marjorie R Jenkins, Barbara C Pence, Yan Zhang, Ming-Chien Chyu, E Michael Lewiecki, Chwan-Li Shen","doi":"10.1089/jwh.2014.5170","DOIUrl":"10.1089/jwh.2014.5170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The goal of this study was to determine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck (FN) in postmenopausal women using existing Cooper Center Longitudinal Study data.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cohort of 1,720 predominantly healthy Caucasian women (57.1 ± 6.9 years) underwent preventive medical examinations that included CRF assessment by maximal Balke treadmill testing and measurement of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. CRF was estimated from total treadmill time and categorized into five categories of CRF (further defined as fitness category 1 = low fitness, 2-3 = moderate fitness, and 4-5 = high fitness). Logistic regression was used to characterize the association between CRF and BMD, adjusting for age, weight, and resistance activity level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the mean body-mass index (BMI) for all subjects was 25.0 ± 4.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, although BMI was in the obese range in the low fitness group. The prevalence of osteoporosis (T-score ≤ -2.5 at the FN) was greater in the low fit group than moderate or high fit (5.8% vs. 3.0% or 3.9%, respectively); with a similar pattern seen for prevalence of osteopenia (T-score > -2.5 and ≤ -1.0 at the FN) (47.5% vs. 46.4% or 44.8%, respectively). Higher age and lower weight were associated with low BMD. Fully adjusted logistic regression models showed an inverse association between CRF and low BMD of the FN. For T-score ≤ -1.0, the primary outcome, the odds ratio (OR) was 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32-0.79) for moderate fitness, and OR of 0.32 (95% CI 0.21-0.51) for high fitness was seen. For T-score ≤ -2.5 at the FN, OR was 0.30 (95% CI 0.11-0.80) for moderate fitness, and OR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.12-0.71) for high fitness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased CRF levels are associated with reduced risk for low bone density in postmenopausal women.</p>","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5069711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80935366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-04-01Epub Date: 2016-04-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000309
Nefertiti C duPont, Martin C Mahoney, Linda S Kahn, Bonnie M Vest, Christy A Widman, Nikia S Clark-Hargrave, Deborah O Erwin
Objective: The objective of this qualitative pilot study was to elicit patient and provider feedback on how to develop a smoking cessation program for low income women with cervical dysplasia in an urban Women's Health Center.
Methods: A community-based participatory research project incorporating a focus group and structured interviews was utilized to elicit feedback on how to develop a culturally appropriate smoking cessation program appealing to low-income and minority women smokers.
Results: Qualitative data from 13 patients, 4 nurses, and 6 staff members collected between January 2012-August 2012 described the challenges of finding effective mechanisms for cessation interventions that met the schedules and needs of low income and minority patients. Input from office staff indicated insufficient educational resources to offer patients, limited skills to assist patients and the importance of perceived patient readiness to quit as barriers to creating an effective smoking cessation program.
Conclusion: Smoking cessation services targeting low-income and minority female smokers can be enhanced by providing clinic staff with patient education materials and smoking cessation training.
{"title":"Developing a Smoking Cessation Intervention for Low Income and Minority Women.","authors":"Nefertiti C duPont, Martin C Mahoney, Linda S Kahn, Bonnie M Vest, Christy A Widman, Nikia S Clark-Hargrave, Deborah O Erwin","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000309","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this qualitative pilot study was to elicit patient and provider feedback on how to develop a smoking cessation program for low income women with cervical dysplasia in an urban Women's Health Center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based participatory research project incorporating a focus group and structured interviews was utilized to elicit feedback on how to develop a culturally appropriate smoking cessation program appealing to low-income and minority women smokers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Qualitative data from 13 patients, 4 nurses, and 6 staff members collected between January 2012-August 2012 described the challenges of finding effective mechanisms for cessation interventions that met the schedules and needs of low income and minority patients. Input from office staff indicated insufficient educational resources to offer patients, limited skills to assist patients and the importance of perceived patient readiness to quit as barriers to creating an effective smoking cessation program.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smoking cessation services targeting low-income and minority female smokers can be enhanced by providing clinic staff with patient education materials and smoking cessation training.</p>","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5558895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35428404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Research on the untrained women’s cardiovascular health is a hot topic in the world. It is important to systematically assess the effects of exercise duration on cardiovascular health in untrained women. Methods: Published articles from 1988 to May 2015 were identified using electronic databases for randomized controlled trails. The weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using fixed-effects and random-effects models. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to explore the possible heterogeneity. Results: Data from 28 published studies with a total of 544 untrained women aged less than 60 years were identified. There were significant pooled effects of different exercise durations on VO2max (within 3 months 95% CI: -2.51 to -1.57; I2=0%; 4-6 months 95% CI: -4.63 to -2.44; I2=0%) and Systolic Blood Pressure (4-6 months 95% CI: 5.55 to 7.52; I2=35%). Additionally, Systolic Blood Pressure was significantly decreased in unhealthy women (95% CI: 5.78 to 8.73; I2=84.3%). The Heart Rate, Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol and Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol of untrained women were significantly improved with short-duration, mid-duration and long-duration exercise. Conclusion: There are different effects of exercise duration on cardiovascular health in untrained women aged less than 60 years. The short-duration exercise can improve aerobic capacity in women, but the improvement becomes less with the increase of age. The short-duration, mid-duration and long-duration exercise can improve cholesterol metabolism and decrease Heart Rate in untrained women. The mid-duration exercise can significantly decrease Systolic Blood Pressure in unhealthy women but not in healthy women.
{"title":"Effect of Exercise Intervention on the Cardiovascular Health of Untrained Women: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression","authors":"Yahui Zhang, Lisheng Xu, Liling Hao, Yang Yao, Xiao-fan Guo, Xiaodong Zhang","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000301","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Research on the untrained women’s cardiovascular health is a hot topic in the world. It is important to systematically assess the effects of exercise duration on cardiovascular health in untrained women. \u0000Methods: Published articles from 1988 to May 2015 were identified using electronic databases for randomized controlled trails. The weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using fixed-effects and random-effects models. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to explore the possible heterogeneity. \u0000Results: Data from 28 published studies with a total of 544 untrained women aged less than 60 years were identified. There were significant pooled effects of different exercise durations on VO2max (within 3 months 95% CI: -2.51 to -1.57; I2=0%; 4-6 months 95% CI: -4.63 to -2.44; I2=0%) and Systolic Blood Pressure (4-6 months 95% CI: 5.55 to 7.52; I2=35%). Additionally, Systolic Blood Pressure was significantly decreased in unhealthy women (95% CI: 5.78 to 8.73; I2=84.3%). The Heart Rate, Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol and Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol of untrained women were significantly improved with short-duration, mid-duration and long-duration exercise. \u0000Conclusion: There are different effects of exercise duration on cardiovascular health in untrained women aged less than 60 years. The short-duration exercise can improve aerobic capacity in women, but the improvement becomes less with the increase of age. The short-duration, mid-duration and long-duration exercise can improve cholesterol metabolism and decrease Heart Rate in untrained women. The mid-duration exercise can significantly decrease Systolic Blood Pressure in unhealthy women but not in healthy women.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86339134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000302
A. C. Matthes, G. Matthes
{"title":"Measurement of Vaginal Flexibility and Its Involvement in the Sexual Health of Women","authors":"A. C. Matthes, G. Matthes","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90972501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Institutional delivery service utilization is essential to improve maternal and child health. According to Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005 and 2011, the proportion of women utilizing institutional delivery service in the country is very low. In Oromia Region about 60.5% of the eligible mothers didn’t received Antenatal Care service and 91.5% of the mothers gave birth at home in the region. The aim of the study was to assess the home delivery and associated factors among reproductive age group women in Shashemene town, Ethiopia. Patients and methods: Community based cross sectional study design was utilized. The study was conducted from March 01 to March 31st. House to house census was conducted to identify the eligible mothers and a sampling frame was developed. Using simple random sampling technique 285 mothers were selected. Descriptive statistics was employed to describe each variables and logistic regression to determine the association between predictor variables and outcome variable. With 95% confidence interval p value less than 0.05 was considered as a significant variables. Results: 224 (81%) of the respondents gave birth in the health facility of which 36 (16.1%) of them were at health center, 165 (73.7%) at hospital and the remaining 23 (10.2%) at health post. From those mothers who gave birth at home, 53 (19%), 26 (49.1%) was delivered by their mothers, 20 (37.7%) by neighbors and, 7 (13.2%) was health extension workers. The main reason mentioned for home delivery by 40 (75.5%) was no labor pain and 3 (5.7%) mentioned lack of receiving adequate delivery services from health professionals and 8 (15.1%) was due to lack of knowledge about the importance to delivering in health institution. Antenatal care, educational status, husband educational status, marital status and receiving health education on maternal health showed an association with place of delivery. Conclusion: The study showed that home delivery was lower in women who were educated, utilized antenatal care, and received health education on maternal health. Therefore, improving maternal educational status, providing adequate information about maternal health through media and encourage to take antenatal care is essential to reduce the prevalence of home delivery.
{"title":"Home Delivery and Associated Factors among Reproductive Age Women in Shashemene Town, Ethiopia","authors":"Teklemariam Gultie, Biresaw Wasihun, Mekdes Kondale, Besufekad Balcha","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000300","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Institutional delivery service utilization is essential to improve maternal and child health. According to Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005 and 2011, the proportion of women utilizing institutional delivery service in the country is very low. In Oromia Region about 60.5% of the eligible mothers didn’t received Antenatal Care service and 91.5% of the mothers gave birth at home in the region. The aim of the study was to assess the home delivery and associated factors among reproductive age group women in Shashemene town, Ethiopia. \u0000Patients and methods: Community based cross sectional study design was utilized. The study was conducted from March 01 to March 31st. House to house census was conducted to identify the eligible mothers and a sampling frame was developed. Using simple random sampling technique 285 mothers were selected. Descriptive statistics was employed to describe each variables and logistic regression to determine the association between predictor variables and outcome variable. With 95% confidence interval p value less than 0.05 was considered as a significant variables. \u0000Results: 224 (81%) of the respondents gave birth in the health facility of which 36 (16.1%) of them were at health center, 165 (73.7%) at hospital and the remaining 23 (10.2%) at health post. From those mothers who gave birth at home, 53 (19%), 26 (49.1%) was delivered by their mothers, 20 (37.7%) by neighbors and, 7 (13.2%) was health extension workers. The main reason mentioned for home delivery by 40 (75.5%) was no labor pain and 3 (5.7%) mentioned lack of receiving adequate delivery services from health professionals and 8 (15.1%) was due to lack of knowledge about the importance to delivering in health institution. Antenatal care, educational status, husband educational status, marital status and receiving health education on maternal health showed an association with place of delivery. \u0000Conclusion: The study showed that home delivery was lower in women who were educated, utilized antenatal care, and received health education on maternal health. Therefore, improving maternal educational status, providing adequate information about maternal health through media and encourage to take antenatal care is essential to reduce the prevalence of home delivery.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79103109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-09DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000295
H. Saleh, Hala E. Mowafy, A. A. A. E. Hameid
Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is the most common cyclic pelvic pain affecting quality of life. Incidence of primary dysmenorrhea was reported to be between 20% and 90% in different societies. Women that assigned in sports experienced fewer episodes of symptoms of dysmenorrhea. Several studies have shown that the reduction of dysmenorrhea in women, who regularly exercise may be due to effects of hormonal changes on uterine epithelial tissues or an increase in endorphin levels. It appears that exercise has analgesic effects that act in a non-specific way. Aim of study: To prove that physical exercises can manage primary dysmenorrheal thorough using two types (stretching and core strengthening exercises) and compare between them as regard the intensity and duration of pain. Type of study: This randomized controlled study conducted on 150 females with primary dysmenorrhea attended to zagazig university hospital outpatient clinic. They were randomly assigned to two exercises and one control groups using a computer-generated randomization list. The interference groups were asked to comprehensive either active stretching or core strengthening practice for 8 weeks (4 days per week, 2 times a day, 10 min) at home. Pre-test and two post tests for all the groups were examined for pain intensity using Visual Analog Scale (VAS).and pain duration by hours. Data were entered into SPSS statistical software (v. 20) and analyzed using independent t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, Mean and Bonferroni Post hoc test. Besides, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Intensity and duration of pain were significantly reduced in exercise groups (P<0.001) as comparing to control group but no significant differences between readings of post test in both interventions groups. Conclusion: Active stretching or core strengthening exercises seem to be an easy, non-pharmacological method for managing primary dysmenorrhea.
{"title":"Stretching or Core Strengthening Exercises for Managing Primary Dysmenorrhea","authors":"H. Saleh, Hala E. Mowafy, A. A. A. E. Hameid","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000295","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is the most common cyclic pelvic pain affecting quality of life. Incidence of primary dysmenorrhea was reported to be between 20% and 90% in different societies. Women that assigned in sports experienced fewer episodes of symptoms of dysmenorrhea. Several studies have shown that the reduction of dysmenorrhea in women, who regularly exercise may be due to effects of hormonal changes on uterine epithelial tissues or an increase in endorphin levels. It appears that exercise has analgesic effects that act in a non-specific way. \u0000Aim of study: To prove that physical exercises can manage primary dysmenorrheal thorough using two types (stretching and core strengthening exercises) and compare between them as regard the intensity and duration of pain. \u0000Type of study: This randomized controlled study conducted on 150 females with primary dysmenorrhea attended to zagazig university hospital outpatient clinic. They were randomly assigned to two exercises and one control groups using a computer-generated randomization list. The interference groups were asked to comprehensive either active stretching or core strengthening practice for 8 weeks (4 days per week, 2 times a day, 10 min) at home. Pre-test and two post tests for all the groups were examined for pain intensity using Visual Analog Scale (VAS).and pain duration by hours. Data were entered into SPSS statistical software (v. 20) and analyzed using independent t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, Mean and Bonferroni Post hoc test. Besides, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. \u0000Results: Intensity and duration of pain were significantly reduced in exercise groups (P<0.001) as comparing to control group but no significant differences between readings of post test in both interventions groups. \u0000Conclusion: Active stretching or core strengthening exercises seem to be an easy, non-pharmacological method for managing primary dysmenorrhea.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84107361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-04DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000297
Z. Gebru, M. Gerbaba, A. Dirar
Background: Cervical cancer is major public health problem worldwide which worsened in the developing world including Sub-Saharan Africa. Cervical cancer screening has been consistently shown to be effective in reducing the incidence rate and mortality from cervical cancer. But very few of eligible women undergo cervical cancer screening. The aim of this study was assess the level of utilization of screening service for cervical cancer among currently married women in Arba Minch Town. Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 660 currently married women from February to March, 2015 by using interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 21. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the status of study population and multi-variable logistic regression was used to see predictors of screening service utilization. Result: The study indicated that only 38 (5.9%) of the respondents get screened. The most common reason for not utilizing the service was being healthy (60.02%). Age of mother greater than 30 years, perceived severity to cervical cancer, parity of more than 5 children and average monthly income of greater than 1170 ETB were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening service utilization. Conclusion: Only few of the respondents get screened. Therefore, there is a need for creating awareness and intensifying health education provision on cervical cancer screening in the town and need to influence perceptions by targeting the women.
背景:宫颈癌是世界范围内主要的公共卫生问题，在包括撒哈拉以南非洲在内的发展中国家恶化。事实证明，子宫颈癌普查对降低子宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率十分有效。但很少有符合条件的妇女接受宫颈癌筛查。本研究的目的是评估Arba Minch镇已婚妇女对宫颈癌筛查服务的利用水平。方法:采用基于社区的横断面研究设计，于2015年2月至3月随机抽取660名已婚妇女，采用访谈式问卷调查，采用SPSS Version 21软件进行分析。描述性统计用于描述研究人群的状况，多变量逻辑回归用于观察筛查服务利用的预测因素。结果:调查显示，只有38人(5.9%)接受了筛查。不使用服务的最常见原因是运行正常(60.02%)。母亲年龄大于30岁、对子宫颈癌的严重程度、胎次大于5个、平均月收入大于1170 ETB与子宫颈癌筛查服务的利用显著相关。结论:只有少数受访者得到筛选。因此，有必要在该镇提高对宫颈癌筛查的认识，加强健康教育，并以妇女为目标，影响人们的看法。
{"title":"Utilization of Cervical Carcinoma Screening Service and Associated Factors among Currently Married Women in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Z. Gebru, M. Gerbaba, A. Dirar","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000297","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical cancer is major public health problem worldwide which worsened in the developing world including Sub-Saharan Africa. Cervical cancer screening has been consistently shown to be effective in reducing the incidence rate and mortality from cervical cancer. But very few of eligible women undergo cervical cancer screening. The aim of this study was assess the level of utilization of screening service for cervical cancer among currently married women in Arba Minch Town. \u0000Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 660 currently married women from February to March, 2015 by using interviewer administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 21. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the status of study population and multi-variable logistic regression was used to see predictors of screening service utilization. \u0000Result: The study indicated that only 38 (5.9%) of the respondents get screened. The most common reason for not utilizing the service was being healthy (60.02%). Age of mother greater than 30 years, perceived severity to cervical cancer, parity of more than 5 children and average monthly income of greater than 1170 ETB were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening service utilization. \u0000Conclusion: Only few of the respondents get screened. Therefore, there is a need for creating awareness and intensifying health education provision on cervical cancer screening in the town and need to influence perceptions by targeting the women.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74461708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-28DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000294
Moe Yamaguchi, S. Morino, S. Nishiguchi, N. Fukutani, Y. Tashiro, Hidehiko Shirooka, Yuma Nozaki, Hinako Hirata, Daisuke Matsumoto, T. Aoyama
Objective: To compare the pelvic alignment among never-pregnant women, pregnant women, and postpartum women. Methods: A total of 177 nulliparous women (mean age, 18.9 ± 1.0 years), 45 pregnant women between the third and tenth month of pregnancy (mean age, 29.4 ± 3.8 years), and 124 primiparous women between the first and sixth months after delivery (mean age, 30.1 ± 4.4 years) were enrolled in this study. Pelvic alignment was measured by using the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS) as landmarks. The bilateral difference of pelvic tilt was defined as pelvic asymmetry (PA), the distance between bilateral ASIS was defined as the anterior width of the pelvis (AWP), and the distance between the bilateral PSIS was defined as the posterior width of the pelvis (PWP). Results: PA of the pregnant group and postpartum group were significantly greater than the never-pregnant group (2.8 ± 2.4°, 4.2 ± 3.0°, and 3.7 ± 3.2°, respectively, p < 0.001). AWP of the pregnant and postpartum group was wider than the never-pregnant group (24.9 ± 0.3 cm, 24.1 ± 0.1 cm, and 23.6 ± 0.2 cm, respectively, p < 0.001). PWP of the pregnant and postpartum group was narrower than the never-pregnant group (8.2 ± 0.3 cm, 8.6 ± 0.1 cm, and 9.2 ± 0.1 cm, respectively, p = 0.008). In the multivariate regression analysis using never-pregnant women as the reference, pregnant and postpartum women were significantly more likely to have greater PA (β = 0.156, 0.156), wider AWP (β = 0.116, 0.202), and narrower PWP (β = -0.132, -0.147) than never-pregnant women. Conclusions: We found that the alignment of the pelvis was different among never-pregnant, pregnant, and postpartum women.
目的:比较未怀孕妇女、孕妇和产后妇女的骨盆直线。方法:共纳入177例未生育妇女(平均年龄18.9±1.0岁)，45例妊娠3 ~ 10个月孕妇(平均年龄29.4±3.8岁)，124例产后1 ~ 6个月初产妇女(平均年龄30.1±4.4岁)。通过髂前上棘(ASIS)和髂后上棘(PSIS)作为标志来测量骨盆对齐。双侧骨盆倾斜差异定义为骨盆不对称(PA)，双侧ASIS之间的距离定义为骨盆前宽(AWP)，双侧PSIS之间的距离定义为骨盆后宽(PWP)。结果:妊娠组和产后组PA均显著大于未妊娠组(分别为2.8±2.4°、4.2±3.0°和3.7±3.2°，p < 0.001)。妊娠组和产后组AWP较未妊娠组宽(分别为24.9±0.3 cm、24.1±0.1 cm和23.6±0.2 cm, p < 0.001)。妊娠组和产后组PWP较未妊娠组窄(分别为8.2±0.3 cm、8.6±0.1 cm和9.2±0.1 cm, p = 0.008)。在以未怀孕妇女为参照的多因素回归分析中，孕妇和产后妇女的PA (β = 0.156, 0.156)、AWP (β = 0.116, 0.202)和PWP (β = -0.132， -0.147)均明显高于未怀孕妇女。结论:我们发现未怀孕、怀孕和产后妇女骨盆的排列是不同的。
{"title":"Comparison of Pelvic Alignment among Never-Pregnant Women, Pregnant Women and Postpartum Women (Pelvic Alignment and Pregnancy)","authors":"Moe Yamaguchi, S. Morino, S. Nishiguchi, N. Fukutani, Y. Tashiro, Hidehiko Shirooka, Yuma Nozaki, Hinako Hirata, Daisuke Matsumoto, T. Aoyama","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000294","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the pelvic alignment among never-pregnant women, pregnant women, and postpartum women. \u0000Methods: A total of 177 nulliparous women (mean age, 18.9 ± 1.0 years), 45 pregnant women between the third and tenth month of pregnancy (mean age, 29.4 ± 3.8 years), and 124 primiparous women between the first and sixth months after delivery (mean age, 30.1 ± 4.4 years) were enrolled in this study. Pelvic alignment was measured by using the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS) as landmarks. The bilateral difference of pelvic tilt was defined as pelvic asymmetry (PA), the distance between bilateral ASIS was defined as the anterior width of the pelvis (AWP), and the distance between the bilateral PSIS was defined as the posterior width of the pelvis (PWP). \u0000Results: PA of the pregnant group and postpartum group were significantly greater than the never-pregnant group (2.8 ± 2.4°, 4.2 ± 3.0°, and 3.7 ± 3.2°, respectively, p < 0.001). AWP of the pregnant and postpartum group was wider than the never-pregnant group (24.9 ± 0.3 cm, 24.1 ± 0.1 cm, and 23.6 ± 0.2 cm, respectively, p < 0.001). PWP of the pregnant and postpartum group was narrower than the never-pregnant group (8.2 ± 0.3 cm, 8.6 ± 0.1 cm, and 9.2 ± 0.1 cm, respectively, p = 0.008). In the multivariate regression analysis using never-pregnant women as the reference, pregnant and postpartum women were significantly more likely to have greater PA (β = 0.156, 0.156), wider AWP (β = 0.116, 0.202), and narrower PWP (β = -0.132, -0.147) than never-pregnant women. \u0000Conclusions: We found that the alignment of the pelvis was different among never-pregnant, pregnant, and postpartum women.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76675053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-28DOI: 10.4172/2167-0420.1000296
P. Gund, Prajkta Bhide, A. Kar
Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of selected periconception (pre- and early-post conception) risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes among urban Indian women, in order to identify the targets of a preconception education programme. Methods: Data on selected risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes was collected through face to face interview of 2107 pregnant women. Odds ratios (OR) were computed in order to identify the characteristics of women with higher numbers of risk factors. Results: The most prevalent risk factors were nutritional (lack of preconception folic acid supplement use 99.7%, anaemia 61% and malnutrition 41%), followed by social factors (low education levels 62%, low socioeconomic status 68%). There was high prevalence of chemical exposures in the household environment (household cleaners 76%, use of indoor insect repellents 64%). Women from families below the poverty line (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) and with low education levels (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.6) were more likely to report five or more risk factors. Conclusions: The high prevalence of risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes identifies the need for health promotion messages targeted at women in the preconception period with emphasis on pre pregnancy nutrition, and on limiting risk exposures within the household environment. The study identified a need to specially focus on poorly educated women from families below the poverty line.
目的:本研究旨在确定印度城市妇女不良妊娠结局的选定围孕期(孕前和孕后早期)风险因素的流行程度，以便确定孕前教育计划的目标。方法:对2107例孕妇进行面对面访谈，收集影响不良妊娠结局的因素。计算比值比(OR)，以确定具有较高数量危险因素的妇女的特征。结果:最常见的危险因素为营养因素(孕前叶酸补充不足99.7%，贫血61%，营养不良41%)，其次为社会因素(教育程度低62%，社会经济地位低68%)。家庭环境中化学品接触的发生率很高(家用清洁剂76%，室内驱蚊剂使用64%)。来自贫困线以下(OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6)和低教育水平(OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.6)家庭的妇女更有可能报告五种或更多危险因素。结论:不良妊娠结局风险因素的高流行率表明，需要针对孕前期妇女的健康促进信息，重点是孕前营养，并限制家庭环境中的风险暴露。这项研究确定有必要特别关注来自贫困线以下家庭的受教育程度较低的妇女。
{"title":"Prevalence of Periconception Risk Factors for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in a Cohort of Urban Indian Women: Implications for Preconception Health Education","authors":"P. Gund, Prajkta Bhide, A. Kar","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000296","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of selected periconception (pre- and early-post conception) risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes among urban Indian women, in order to identify the targets of a preconception education programme. \u0000Methods: Data on selected risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes was collected through face to face interview of 2107 pregnant women. Odds ratios (OR) were computed in order to identify the characteristics of women with higher numbers of risk factors. \u0000Results: The most prevalent risk factors were nutritional (lack of preconception folic acid supplement use 99.7%, anaemia 61% and malnutrition 41%), followed by social factors (low education levels 62%, low socioeconomic status 68%). There was high prevalence of chemical exposures in the household environment (household cleaners 76%, use of indoor insect repellents 64%). Women from families below the poverty line (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) and with low education levels (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.6) were more likely to report five or more risk factors. \u0000Conclusions: The high prevalence of risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes identifies the need for health promotion messages targeted at women in the preconception period with emphasis on pre pregnancy nutrition, and on limiting risk exposures within the household environment. The study identified a need to specially focus on poorly educated women from families below the poverty line.","PeriodicalId":17626,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Womens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80380480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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