F. Zannah, Kamaliah Kamaliah, P. Pramudiyanti, Ayatusaadah Ayatusaadah, N. Hidayati
Fathul Zannah 1*, Kamaliah 1 , Pramudiyanti 2 , Ayatusaadah 3 , Nurul Hidayati 1 1 Muhammadiyah University of Palangkaraya, Palangkaraya, 73111, Indonesia 2 Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, 35141, Indonesia 3 Palangkaraya State Islamic Institute of Religion, Palangka Raya, 73112, Indonesia
{"title":"Exploration of the Potential of Local Plants of Melastoma malabatchricum Fruit for Food Fortification","authors":"F. Zannah, Kamaliah Kamaliah, P. Pramudiyanti, Ayatusaadah Ayatusaadah, N. Hidayati","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"Fathul Zannah 1*, Kamaliah 1 , Pramudiyanti 2 , Ayatusaadah 3 , Nurul Hidayati 1 1 Muhammadiyah University of Palangkaraya, Palangkaraya, 73111, Indonesia 2 Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, 35141, Indonesia 3 Palangkaraya State Islamic Institute of Religion, Palangka Raya, 73112, Indonesia","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45754397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Muritala, H. Oyewusi, T. Ogunlana, Loveth Ajakaiye, Kahinde Aina, Waleed Ibrahim, Fiyinfoluwa Ogunyinka, Halimat Aliyu, C. Bewaji
he effects of ethanolic extract of Lepidium meyenii on some biochemical parameters were investigated with the purpose of in vivo safety evaluation of the extract. Forty male Wistar rats were grouped into five groups of eight animals each. Group A served as the control and received distilled water throughout the period of administration while groups B, C, D, and E received 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic extract of L. meyenii respectively for seven and fourteen days. After seven days of the administration, four animals from each of the groups were sacrificed and the rest were sacrificed after fourteen days, and biochemical alterations were monitored. The effects after the seven-day administration revealed that there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in organ-body weight percentage, liver functional indices, kidney functional indices and the activity of some cytosolic and membrane-bound enzymes studied but following the fourteen-day administration, a significant difference (p < 0.05) were observed with increase in organ-body weight percentage of selected organs, increase in serum activity of the enzymes: ALT, AST, ALP; and aberrant variation in the kidney functional indices studied at the 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight showing selective toxicity of the extract. Inconclusive results were obtained in the analysis of the seminal parameters for both the seven- and fourteen-day administration while similar effects on hematological parameters were observed for both the sevenand fourteen-day administration. This study showed that the extract may be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic when administered beyond seven days in male Wistar rats especially at 100 mg/kg body weight. Keywords: Cytosolic, Haematology, Hepatotoxic, Membrane, Nephrotoxic
{"title":"The Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters of Ethanolic Extract of Lepidium meyenii in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"H. Muritala, H. Oyewusi, T. Ogunlana, Loveth Ajakaiye, Kahinde Aina, Waleed Ibrahim, Fiyinfoluwa Ogunyinka, Halimat Aliyu, C. Bewaji","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.13","url":null,"abstract":"he effects of ethanolic extract of Lepidium meyenii on some biochemical parameters were investigated with the purpose of in vivo safety evaluation of the extract. Forty male Wistar rats were grouped into five groups of eight animals each. Group A served as the control and received distilled water throughout the period of administration while groups B, C, D, and E received 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic extract of L. meyenii respectively for seven and fourteen days. After seven days of the administration, four animals from each of the groups were sacrificed and the rest were sacrificed after fourteen days, and biochemical alterations were monitored. The effects after the seven-day administration revealed that there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in organ-body weight percentage, liver functional indices, kidney functional indices and the activity of some cytosolic and membrane-bound enzymes studied but following the fourteen-day administration, a significant difference (p < 0.05) were observed with increase in organ-body weight percentage of selected organs, increase in serum activity of the enzymes: ALT, AST, ALP; and aberrant variation in the kidney functional indices studied at the 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight showing selective toxicity of the extract. Inconclusive results were obtained in the analysis of the seminal parameters for both the seven- and fourteen-day administration while similar effects on hematological parameters were observed for both the sevenand fourteen-day administration. This study showed that the extract may be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic when administered beyond seven days in male Wistar rats especially at 100 mg/kg body weight. Keywords: Cytosolic, Haematology, Hepatotoxic, Membrane, Nephrotoxic","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41413404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Permatasari, J. Witoyo, M. Masruri, S. Yuwono, S. Widjanarko
Bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance are popular issues nowadays. Several previous reports performed antibacterial screening activities involving natural herbs and synthetic drugs. Alanine racemase and transglycosylase are essential proteins for peptidoglycan membrane synthesis in bacteria and an alternative target for antibacterial performance. This study identified six flavonoid compounds in Syzygium myrtifolium to perform the antibacterial activity. In silico study was conducted for modelling flavonoids – protein complexes. Five flavonoids from S. myrtifolium were taken out of the canonical smiles from the PubChem database and modelled three-dimensional structure using ChemDraw and molView. Targeted protein, alanine racemase and transglycosylase were downloaded from Protein Data Bank with ID 4WR3 and 1SLY. Ligands and proteins were interacted by Molegro virtual Docker 5.0 and visualized by Discovery studio version 21.1.1. Five flavonoids showed inhibition with alanine racemase and transglycosylase in the same active sites of control and sodium benzoate. According to the binding energy, calopiptin performed the lowest binding energy value in alanine racemase complexes, while 2-Propanone, 1,3-bis(5-nitro-2-furanyl) showed the lowest value of four other flavonoids at transglycosylase complexes. The type of interactions were electrostatic, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and unfavorable ones. Low binding energy and varied interaction types indicated tight of ligand-protein interaction. In summary, five flavonoids inhibited alanine racemase and transglycosylase, and the peptidoglycane membrane synthesis in bacteria might be inferred. Keywords: Alanine racemase, Flavonoids, In silico, Transglycosylase
细菌感染和抗生素耐药性是当今普遍存在的问题。先前的一些报道对天然草药和合成药物进行了抗菌筛选。丙氨酸消旋酶和转糖基化酶是细菌合成肽聚糖膜所必需的蛋白质，也是抗菌性能的替代靶点。本研究鉴定了桃金娘中具有抗菌活性的6种黄酮类化合物。在硅片上进行了黄酮类化合物-蛋白质复合物的模拟研究。从PubChem数据库中提取了金桃金娘的五种黄酮类化合物，并使用ChemDraw和molView建立了三维结构模型。从ID为4WR3和1SLY的protein Data Bank中下载目标蛋白、丙氨酸消旋酶和转糖基化酶。配体和蛋白质通过Molegro virtual Docker 5.0相互作用，Discovery studio version 21.1.1可视化。5种黄酮类化合物对丙氨酸消旋酶和转糖基酶的抑制作用与对照和苯甲酸钠相同。从结合能来看，卡洛匹汀在丙氨酸消旋酶配合物中的结合能最低，2-丙酮1,3-双(5-硝基-2-呋喃基)在转糖基酶配合物中的结合能最低。相互作用类型为静电相互作用、氢键相互作用、疏水相互作用和不利相互作用。低结合能和不同的相互作用类型表明配体与蛋白质的相互作用紧密。综上所述，5种黄酮类化合物对丙氨酸消旋酶和转糖基化酶均有抑制作用，可以推测细菌中肽聚糖膜的合成。关键词:丙氨酸消旋酶，黄酮类化合物，硅，转糖基化酶
{"title":"IN SILICO SCREENING OF Syzygium myrtifolium FLAVONOID COMPOUNDS AS ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY","authors":"N. Permatasari, J. Witoyo, M. Masruri, S. Yuwono, S. Widjanarko","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance are popular issues nowadays. Several previous reports performed antibacterial screening activities involving natural herbs and synthetic drugs. Alanine racemase and transglycosylase are essential proteins for peptidoglycan membrane synthesis in bacteria and an alternative target for antibacterial performance. This study identified six flavonoid compounds in Syzygium myrtifolium to perform the antibacterial activity. In silico study was conducted for modelling flavonoids – protein complexes. Five flavonoids from S. myrtifolium were taken out of the canonical smiles from the PubChem database and modelled three-dimensional structure using ChemDraw and molView. Targeted protein, alanine racemase and transglycosylase were downloaded from Protein Data Bank with ID 4WR3 and 1SLY. Ligands and proteins were interacted by Molegro virtual Docker 5.0 and visualized by Discovery studio version 21.1.1. Five flavonoids showed inhibition with alanine racemase and transglycosylase in the same active sites of control and sodium benzoate. According to the binding energy, calopiptin performed the lowest binding energy value in alanine racemase complexes, while 2-Propanone, 1,3-bis(5-nitro-2-furanyl) showed the lowest value of four other flavonoids at transglycosylase complexes. The type of interactions were electrostatic, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and unfavorable ones. Low binding energy and varied interaction types indicated tight of ligand-protein interaction. In summary, five flavonoids inhibited alanine racemase and transglycosylase, and the peptidoglycane membrane synthesis in bacteria might be inferred. Keywords: Alanine racemase, Flavonoids, In silico, Transglycosylase","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44326710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) is a climbing vegetable that produces edible fruits. Young fruits are harvested at a time when the seed coats have been established, but cotyledons have not yet formed. This study covered morphological characteristics, growth behavior, and cultivation practices suitable for increasing the production of the ridge gourd in urban ecosystems. Results of observation revealed the heart-shaped leaf of the ridge gourd was very uniform, and the leaf surface was flat so that their leaf area could be accurately estimated using leaf length and/or width (R2 > 0.97). Yet, leaf thickness was not a reliable predictor for the leaf area (R2 < 0.34). The length of petioles was not correlated with the leaf blade area. All single leaves, multiple tendrils, an inflorescence of male flowers and/or a single female flower, and a branch could be formed at each stem node. Water content in the leaf blade was lower than in the petiole. This phenomenon is related to water favor loss due to transpiration activity. Nevertheless, the total conserved water within the leaf blade was 6.26 times more than those within the petiole. The process of fruit enlargement followed the Sigmoid curve. The upper end of the curve started to flatten 10 days after the female flower bloomed. Moreover, at the age of 10 days, cotyledon has not yet formed, so it can be used as a guide to determine the harvest time of the gourd ridge fruit. Based on the leaf SPAD value, by the time the fruit began to enlarge, 4-5 leaves at the stem base were instigated to show symptoms of senescence. Ridge gourd fruit fresh weight can be best estimated using the length × diameter of the plants as a predictor. Keywords: Climbing vegetable, Fruit age, Leaf shape, Sigmoid curve, Urban olericulture
{"title":"Morphological Characteristics and Growth Behavior of Ridge Gourd [Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.] in Tropical Urban Ecosystem","authors":"B. Lakitan, F. Rizar, S. Muda","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.10","url":null,"abstract":"Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) is a climbing vegetable that produces edible fruits. Young fruits are harvested at a time when the seed coats have been established, but cotyledons have not yet formed. This study covered morphological characteristics, growth behavior, and cultivation practices suitable for increasing the production of the ridge gourd in urban ecosystems. Results of observation revealed the heart-shaped leaf of the ridge gourd was very uniform, and the leaf surface was flat so that their leaf area could be accurately estimated using leaf length and/or width (R2 > 0.97). Yet, leaf thickness was not a reliable predictor for the leaf area (R2 < 0.34). The length of petioles was not correlated with the leaf blade area. All single leaves, multiple tendrils, an inflorescence of male flowers and/or a single female flower, and a branch could be formed at each stem node. Water content in the leaf blade was lower than in the petiole. This phenomenon is related to water favor loss due to transpiration activity. Nevertheless, the total conserved water within the leaf blade was 6.26 times more than those within the petiole. The process of fruit enlargement followed the Sigmoid curve. The upper end of the curve started to flatten 10 days after the female flower bloomed. Moreover, at the age of 10 days, cotyledon has not yet formed, so it can be used as a guide to determine the harvest time of the gourd ridge fruit. Based on the leaf SPAD value, by the time the fruit began to enlarge, 4-5 leaves at the stem base were instigated to show symptoms of senescence. Ridge gourd fruit fresh weight can be best estimated using the length × diameter of the plants as a predictor. Keywords: Climbing vegetable, Fruit age, Leaf shape, Sigmoid curve, Urban olericulture","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48496581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Devi, Monika Basumatary, Bichitra Narzary, Heikham Dayam, Sanraja Muchahary, B. Khangembam
Protein is the most important component of any fish feed for its role in growth, especially during the larval stages, and its high cost. Fish meal continues to be a major source of protein in fish feed production. But its supply cannot keep pace with everexpanding aquaculture production, leading to its high cost. Plants are being considered as potential replacements in the search for new alternatives to fish meals. But their application depends significantly on their digestibility in target species. The present study aims to determine the protein content of four locally available plants Moringa oleifera, Ipomoea aquatica, Lemna minor and Salvinia natans, and test their digestibility in vitro by using the pH drop method in two important food fish Anabas testudineus and Channa punctata, of Assam, India. The crude protein in all plants ranged from 19-29%, and the highest crude protein was observed in Lemna minor (29.9 ± 2.34%). The in vitro digestibility was estimated by calculating the RPD% (relative protein digestibility) using casein as a standard reference. Digestibility of the plant proteins exhibited species-specific variations. The RPD% ranged from 50.39% to 75.39% in A. testudineus, and 41.38% to 54.02% in C. punctata compared to that of casein (100%). The highest RPD% was observed in I. aquatica (75.39%) for A. testudineus, and the lowest (50.39%) in L. minor whereas, in C. punctata, the highest RPD% was observed in L. minor (54.02%) and the lowest in I. aquatica (41.38%). The digestibility of all plant proteins was comparatively higher in A. testudineus than in C. punctata. Our results indicate that I. aquatica and L. minor may be a suitable replacement for animal protein in the diet of A. testudineus and C. punctata, respectively, because of their good protein content and high digestibility. Moringa may be considered for utilization in the fish feed as it recorded good protein and digestibility. This information may be useful in developing a cost-effective, plant-based protein diet for the two fish species for their mass production. Keywords: Anabas testudineus, Channa punctata, In vitro digestibility, Ipomoea aquatica, Plant proteins
{"title":"In Vitro Digestibility Study: Evaluating Plant Proteins Digestibility in Anabas testudineus and Channa punctata","authors":"R. Devi, Monika Basumatary, Bichitra Narzary, Heikham Dayam, Sanraja Muchahary, B. Khangembam","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"Protein is the most important component of any fish feed for its role in growth, especially during the larval stages, and its high cost. Fish meal continues to be a major source of protein in fish feed production. But its supply cannot keep pace with everexpanding aquaculture production, leading to its high cost. Plants are being considered as potential replacements in the search for new alternatives to fish meals. But their application depends significantly on their digestibility in target species. The present study aims to determine the protein content of four locally available plants Moringa oleifera, Ipomoea aquatica, Lemna minor and Salvinia natans, and test their digestibility in vitro by using the pH drop method in two important food fish Anabas testudineus and Channa punctata, of Assam, India. The crude protein in all plants ranged from 19-29%, and the highest crude protein was observed in Lemna minor (29.9 ± 2.34%). The in vitro digestibility was estimated by calculating the RPD% (relative protein digestibility) using casein as a standard reference. Digestibility of the plant proteins exhibited species-specific variations. The RPD% ranged from 50.39% to 75.39% in A. testudineus, and 41.38% to 54.02% in C. punctata compared to that of casein (100%). The highest RPD% was observed in I. aquatica (75.39%) for A. testudineus, and the lowest (50.39%) in L. minor whereas, in C. punctata, the highest RPD% was observed in L. minor (54.02%) and the lowest in I. aquatica (41.38%). The digestibility of all plant proteins was comparatively higher in A. testudineus than in C. punctata. Our results indicate that I. aquatica and L. minor may be a suitable replacement for animal protein in the diet of A. testudineus and C. punctata, respectively, because of their good protein content and high digestibility. Moringa may be considered for utilization in the fish feed as it recorded good protein and digestibility. This information may be useful in developing a cost-effective, plant-based protein diet for the two fish species for their mass production. Keywords: Anabas testudineus, Channa punctata, In vitro digestibility, Ipomoea aquatica, Plant proteins","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47235388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pest insects known as darkling beetles (Alphitobius diaperinus) are common in poultry farms. These pests can develop into a variety of disease vectors, causing damage to chicken coops, decreased chick performance, and financial losses to farmers. In Indonesia, synthetic insecticides are still used for pest control, which is detrimental to non-target creatures and the environment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of biopesticides from cinnamon bark extract (Cinnamomum aromaticum), nutmeg seeds (Myristica fragrans), lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia), and lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia), as well as synthetic insecticides alpha-cypermethrin against A. diaperinus larvae and imago. Bioinsecticide levels are 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%, while alpha-cypermethrin levels are 1%, 4%, 7%, and 10%, respectively, based on LC50 values. The analysis was repeated three times and the treatment was carried out every two days for a total of 14 days. The data were analyzed with paired sample t-tests to determine the average difference in each treatment when there was an average difference and calculated N-Gain score to determine the effectiveness of biopesticides and synthetic insecticides. The average value of N-Gain essential oil from cinnamon bark extract was successful in causing A.diaperinus death in the imago stage (81.14) and the highest larvae (80) of other test solutions. Cinnamon bark extract and nutmeg seed extract are effective in imago (95.14) and larvae (78.91), respectively, and can be used as a natural biopesticide to replace synthetic insecticides in the control of A.diaperinus in imago and larvae stages. Keywords: Biological control, Biopesticides, Environmental management, Essential oils
{"title":"Effective control of Alphitobius diaperinus using natural bioinsecticides","authors":"N. Subekti, Shinta Cahyaningrum, Sonika Maulana","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Pest insects known as darkling beetles (Alphitobius diaperinus) are common in poultry farms. These pests can develop into a variety of disease vectors, causing damage to chicken coops, decreased chick performance, and financial losses to farmers. In Indonesia, synthetic insecticides are still used for pest control, which is detrimental to non-target creatures and the environment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of biopesticides from cinnamon bark extract (Cinnamomum aromaticum), nutmeg seeds (Myristica fragrans), lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia), and lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia), as well as synthetic insecticides alpha-cypermethrin against A. diaperinus larvae and imago. Bioinsecticide levels are 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%, while alpha-cypermethrin levels are 1%, 4%, 7%, and 10%, respectively, based on LC50 values. The analysis was repeated three times and the treatment was carried out every two days for a total of 14 days. The data were analyzed with paired sample t-tests to determine the average difference in each treatment when there was an average difference and calculated N-Gain score to determine the effectiveness of biopesticides and synthetic insecticides. The average value of N-Gain essential oil from cinnamon bark extract was successful in causing A.diaperinus death in the imago stage (81.14) and the highest larvae (80) of other test solutions. Cinnamon bark extract and nutmeg seed extract are effective in imago (95.14) and larvae (78.91), respectively, and can be used as a natural biopesticide to replace synthetic insecticides in the control of A.diaperinus in imago and larvae stages. Keywords: Biological control, Biopesticides, Environmental management, Essential oils","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46213155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most important divisions in the plant kingdom is the monocotyledon division of angiosperms. More than 60,000 monocot spp. have been identified, the majority of which are economically important, such as the Poaceae, Orchidaceae, Arecaceae, Liliaceae, and certain other families. The involvement of the ABCDE model of floral organ determination during flower development is a growing area of research in the field of molecular biology due to the diversity in the floral morphology of monocots. The MADS-box gene family is a large molecular transcript family that helps identifies specific proteins involved in floral development. It is classified into several classes based on its function. The review aimed to evaluate the significance of ABCDE genes for floral development and subsequent organ identification, which have been discovered in a range of monocot plants, as well as the functions of these genes in determining the sex of dioecious plants. We sought to summarise the MADSbox gene responsible for flower initiation and floral whorl differentiation reported in economically valuable monocotyledonous plants. Keywords: ABCDE model, Dioecious, Floral organ identity, MADS-box gene,Monocots
{"title":"A short review on identification of ABCDE genes in monocot plants","authors":"Suchilkumar Soorya, T. Swapna, K. Sabu","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.15","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important divisions in the plant kingdom is the monocotyledon division of angiosperms. More than 60,000 monocot spp. have been identified, the majority of which are economically important, such as the Poaceae, Orchidaceae, Arecaceae, Liliaceae, and certain other families. The involvement of the ABCDE model of floral organ determination during flower development is a growing area of research in the field of molecular biology due to the diversity in the floral morphology of monocots. The MADS-box gene family is a large molecular transcript family that helps identifies specific proteins involved in floral development. It is classified into several classes based on its function. The review aimed to evaluate the significance of ABCDE genes for floral development and subsequent organ identification, which have been discovered in a range of monocot plants, as well as the functions of these genes in determining the sex of dioecious plants. We sought to summarise the MADSbox gene responsible for flower initiation and floral whorl differentiation reported in economically valuable monocotyledonous plants. Keywords: ABCDE model, Dioecious, Floral organ identity, MADS-box gene,Monocots","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64519810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kurnianto, N. Dewi, A. Tanzil, Wildan Muhlison, N. Magvira, Luhur Septiadi
Agroecosystem landscapes have been studied extensively and it is known that there is a relationship between the spatial structure and the ecological processes. The composition of arthropods in the agroecosystem shows population differences that are closely related to the location. This study aims to isolate and analyze the interactions of arthropods and landscape structures and features of different agroecosystems landscapes in Kemiri, Jember, Indonesia. The plot method (20x20 m and 1x1 m dimension) was carried out to observe seedling, sapling, and tree (seedling h = 0-1.5 m, sapling h ≥ 1.5 m, tree D > 20 cm). The trees' species name, distance, number, and DBH were collected. Arthropods were sampled using PFT and SN methods. A vial (d=5 cm) was used for PFT, and SN was applied at a distance of 1x10 meters with 3 repetitions. Plants with the role of weeds in monoculture dominate (TA=45). Drosophilidae is the most recorded family in monoculture. Polyculture and agroforestry systems increased the diversity of arthropods in the vegetation, and Formicidae predominated by PFT (TA=28% and 81%, respectively). PCA shows the role of detrivores is mostly found in agroforestry, and herbivores dominate the monoculture. CCA shows that detrivore association in agroforestry is influenced by humidity, and herbivores are particularly interested in monoculture systems that provide high light, temperature, and wind intensity. Keywords: Agroforestry, Arthropods, Effects, Monoculture, Polyculture
{"title":"Effects of Various Agroecosystem Landscape on Arthropod Diversity: A Study Case in Kemiri Village, Jember, Indonesia","authors":"A. Kurnianto, N. Dewi, A. Tanzil, Wildan Muhlison, N. Magvira, Luhur Septiadi","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.14","url":null,"abstract":"Agroecosystem landscapes have been studied extensively and it is known that there is a relationship between the spatial structure and the ecological processes. The composition of arthropods in the agroecosystem shows population differences that are closely related to the location. This study aims to isolate and analyze the interactions of arthropods and landscape structures and features of different agroecosystems landscapes in Kemiri, Jember, Indonesia. The plot method (20x20 m and 1x1 m dimension) was carried out to observe seedling, sapling, and tree (seedling h = 0-1.5 m, sapling h ≥ 1.5 m, tree D > 20 cm). The trees' species name, distance, number, and DBH were collected. Arthropods were sampled using PFT and SN methods. A vial (d=5 cm) was used for PFT, and SN was applied at a distance of 1x10 meters with 3 repetitions. Plants with the role of weeds in monoculture dominate (TA=45). Drosophilidae is the most recorded family in monoculture. Polyculture and agroforestry systems increased the diversity of arthropods in the vegetation, and Formicidae predominated by PFT (TA=28% and 81%, respectively). PCA shows the role of detrivores is mostly found in agroforestry, and herbivores dominate the monoculture. CCA shows that detrivore association in agroforestry is influenced by humidity, and herbivores are particularly interested in monoculture systems that provide high light, temperature, and wind intensity. Keywords: Agroforestry, Arthropods, Effects, Monoculture, Polyculture","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46124216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Langgeng Perdhana, Suryani Yuliyanti, Shofa Chasani, M. Sofro
Hemodialysis patients are at risk of being infected with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). On the other hand. End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) plays a role as a predictor factor of severe Covid-19 infection. There is no data about factors that affect Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among hemodialysis patients in Indonesia. This study’s goal is to determine the factors related to Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among hemodialysis patients. A Cross-sectional study occurred in September 2021 in the hemodialysis unit at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital Semarang. Inclusion criteria include ESKD patients who underwent hemodialysis ≥3 months, hemodialysis frequency twice a week, communicable, and agree to join in this study. While patients with incomplete data. and being treated in the Covid-19 isolation ward are excluded from this study. Collected data analyzed using chi-square using Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) 18.0 version. From 87 respondents, 36 (41.4%) respondents have been vaccinated and 51 (58.6%) respondents have not been vaccinated. Hemodialysis patients with high educational level, elderly, and has undergone hemodialysis >18 months have higher acceptances of Covid-19 vaccine (57.1% and 33.9%; 60.9% and 34.4%; 51% and 38.5%, p-value 0.04; 0.027; 0.03. Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.7; 1.8; 1.8). While gender, marital status, and history of Covid-19 infection did not have a significant relationship to Covid-19 vaccine acceptance (p > 0.05). Educational level, elderly patients, and duration of hemodialysis have a higher acceptance of the Covid19 vaccine among the hemodialysis population. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, End-Stage Kidney Disease, Immunity, SARSCoV-2, Vaccination
{"title":"Factors Related to Acceptance of Covid-19 Vaccine among Hemodialysis Patients in Indonesia","authors":"Langgeng Perdhana, Suryani Yuliyanti, Shofa Chasani, M. Sofro","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.12","url":null,"abstract":"Hemodialysis patients are at risk of being infected with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). On the other hand. End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) plays a role as a predictor factor of severe Covid-19 infection. There is no data about factors that affect Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among hemodialysis patients in Indonesia. This study’s goal is to determine the factors related to Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among hemodialysis patients. A Cross-sectional study occurred in September 2021 in the hemodialysis unit at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital Semarang. Inclusion criteria include ESKD patients who underwent hemodialysis ≥3 months, hemodialysis frequency twice a week, communicable, and agree to join in this study. While patients with incomplete data. and being treated in the Covid-19 isolation ward are excluded from this study. Collected data analyzed using chi-square using Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) 18.0 version. From 87 respondents, 36 (41.4%) respondents have been vaccinated and 51 (58.6%) respondents have not been vaccinated. Hemodialysis patients with high educational level, elderly, and has undergone hemodialysis >18 months have higher acceptances of Covid-19 vaccine (57.1% and 33.9%; 60.9% and 34.4%; 51% and 38.5%, p-value 0.04; 0.027; 0.03. Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.7; 1.8; 1.8). While gender, marital status, and history of Covid-19 infection did not have a significant relationship to Covid-19 vaccine acceptance (p > 0.05). Educational level, elderly patients, and duration of hemodialysis have a higher acceptance of the Covid19 vaccine among the hemodialysis population. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, End-Stage Kidney Disease, Immunity, SARSCoV-2, Vaccination","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41713194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Mokhtar, M. Samsulrizal, Afiqah Khan, Z. Zainuddin, T. Sundram, Nik Yusof, N. Samsulrizal
Stevia rebaudiana is a plant of the Asteraceae family that is used as a natural sweetener. Stevia has been shown to be safe for human consumption and has been utilised as a sweetener substitute for diabetic and obese people. In this study, the structure and gene content involved in the synthesis of putative UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1 (UGT76G1) protein in S. rebaudiana MS007 were analysed using an in-silico method. Homologous search using BlastP revealed the highest percentage of identity, score, and E-value for UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1-like of Helianthus annuus (ID: XP_021973845.1). The presence of IPR002213 UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferase entry, which is available at locations 89bp to 246 bp, was also verified by the protein family search using InterPro. MEGA-X software was used to construct a molecular phylogeny study, revealing that this protein belongs to the Asteraceae family. To predict the primary, secondary, and tertiary protein structures of the putative UGT76G1 protein, the ProtParam, ExPasy, PSIPRED, and Phyre2 programmes were implemented. The putative UGT76G1 protein’s tertiary structure prediction was given a score of 100.0% confidence by the single highest scoring template and a coverage of 98%, with the dimension of the model being (Å) of X: 52.453, Y: 61.270, and Z: 48.102. The UGT76G1 model fulfilled the quality standards and was approved for further analysis after validation performed by PROCHECK, VERIFY3D, and ERRAT. Thus, the findings of this work have contributed to a better knowledge of putative UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1 features and target recognition processes, which will lead to better information on protein-protein interaction in S. rebaudiana MS007. Keywords: Phylogenetic, Stevia rebaudiana, UGT76G1, 3D Structure Prediction
{"title":"In Silico Analysis and 3D Structure Prediction of Putative UDP-Glycosyltransferase 76G1 Protein in Stevia rebaudiana MS007","authors":"N. Mokhtar, M. Samsulrizal, Afiqah Khan, Z. Zainuddin, T. Sundram, Nik Yusof, N. Samsulrizal","doi":"10.11594/jtls.12.03.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.12.03.11","url":null,"abstract":"Stevia rebaudiana is a plant of the Asteraceae family that is used as a natural sweetener. Stevia has been shown to be safe for human consumption and has been utilised as a sweetener substitute for diabetic and obese people. In this study, the structure and gene content involved in the synthesis of putative UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1 (UGT76G1) protein in S. rebaudiana MS007 were analysed using an in-silico method. Homologous search using BlastP revealed the highest percentage of identity, score, and E-value for UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1-like of Helianthus annuus (ID: XP_021973845.1). The presence of IPR002213 UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferase entry, which is available at locations 89bp to 246 bp, was also verified by the protein family search using InterPro. MEGA-X software was used to construct a molecular phylogeny study, revealing that this protein belongs to the Asteraceae family. To predict the primary, secondary, and tertiary protein structures of the putative UGT76G1 protein, the ProtParam, ExPasy, PSIPRED, and Phyre2 programmes were implemented. The putative UGT76G1 protein’s tertiary structure prediction was given a score of 100.0% confidence by the single highest scoring template and a coverage of 98%, with the dimension of the model being (Å) of X: 52.453, Y: 61.270, and Z: 48.102. The UGT76G1 model fulfilled the quality standards and was approved for further analysis after validation performed by PROCHECK, VERIFY3D, and ERRAT. Thus, the findings of this work have contributed to a better knowledge of putative UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1 features and target recognition processes, which will lead to better information on protein-protein interaction in S. rebaudiana MS007. Keywords: Phylogenetic, Stevia rebaudiana, UGT76G1, 3D Structure Prediction","PeriodicalId":17638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Life Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46848203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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