Journal of virological methods最新文献_第7页

Experimental production of synthetic infectious porcine circovirus 2b particles in swine testicular cells 猪睾丸细胞合成传染性猪圆环病毒2b颗粒的实验制备。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115280

Larissa Baldo Vieira , Taís Fukuta da Cruz , Bruna Lindolfo da Silva , Kayo de Paiva Pereira , João Pessoa Araújo Junior , Angelo José Magro

Porcine circoviruses (PCV) are widespread in the global swine population and is notable for having the smallest known viral genome and structure. Among its species, porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is particularly significant due to its association with porcine circovirus diseases (PCVD), a group of syndromes affecting various organs, with the most common symptom being reduced zootechnical performance. Monitoring and preventing this infection are crucial to reducing economic losses and improving animal welfare. In this context, producing synthetic infectious PCV2b particles from a fully designed genome allows insights into the virus's structure and biology. This approach could facilitate the development of engineered viruses for diverse biotechnological applications, such as novel vaccine candidates and diagnostic assay components. The main objective of this study was to standardize the procedures for generating synthetic viral particles in cell culture from a synthetic viral genome. To achieve this, we transfected the synthetic genome into swine testicular (ST) cells and maintained them under optimal conditions, subcultivating the cells to support growth. After transfection, a cell culture infection assay was conducted using the supernatant from the transfected cells. Viral DNA from transfected and infected cultures was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), antigen production was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the surface structure of the synthetic viral particles was visualized by transmission electron microscopy with negative staining. The results strongly support the successful production of infectious synthetic PCV2b particles, enabling their use in biotechnological applications for this and related species.

猪圆环病毒（PCV）在全球猪群中广泛存在，并以已知最小的病毒基因组和结构而闻名。在其物种中，猪圆环病毒2 （PCV2）尤其重要，因为它与猪圆环病毒病（PCVD）相关，这是一组影响各器官的综合征，最常见的症状是动物生产性能下降。监测和预防这种感染对于减少经济损失和改善动物福利至关重要。在这种情况下，从完全设计的基因组中生产合成传染性PCV2b颗粒可以深入了解病毒的结构和生物学。这种方法可以促进用于多种生物技术应用的工程病毒的开发，例如新的候选疫苗和诊断测定组分。本研究的主要目的是标准化从合成病毒基因组在细胞培养中产生合成病毒颗粒的程序。为了实现这一目标，我们将合成基因组转染到猪睾丸（ST）细胞中，并将其维持在最佳条件下，再培养细胞以支持其生长。转染后，利用转染细胞的上清液进行细胞培养感染试验。采用定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）对转染和感染培养物的病毒DNA进行定量，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）评估抗原产生，并通过透射电镜观察合成病毒颗粒的表面结构。该结果有力地支持了传染性合成PCV2b颗粒的成功生产，使其能够用于该物种和相关物种的生物技术应用。

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引用次数: 0

The co-application of nectin-1 and PRV gD monoclonal antibodies: An effective approach to block pseudorabies virus invasion 联合应用Nectin-1和PRV gD单克隆抗体：阻断伪狂犬病毒侵袭的有效方法

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115271

Yumei Chen , Haonan Wang , Jingming Zhou , Chao Liang , Hongliang Liu , Sixuan Wu , Yanhua Qi , Xifang Zhu , Enping Liu , Aiping Wang

Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a zoonotic alphaherpesvirus threatening swine industries and human health, exploits glycoprotein D (gD)-nectin-1 interactions for host cell entry. Here, we report a dual-target neutralizing strategy combining a novel gD-specific monoclonal neutralization antibody (3F7) with nectin-1-blocking mAb. In vitro neutralization assays demonstrated that 3F7 alone achieved potent cross-species inhibition of PRV infection in porcine kidney cells (PK15), human neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH), and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293 T) (IC₅₀: 0.56–5.39 μg/mL). Co-administration with nectin-1-targeting mAb synergistically enhanced neutralization efficacy by 0.9–25.8 %, revealing a cooperative mechanism between viral glycoprotein blockade and host receptor interference. This study presents the initial evidence indicating that antibodies targeting both the pathogen and its host entry factor, nectin-1, significantly enhance the anti-PRV activity. These findings highlight a novel and effective strategy for mitigating zoonotic PRV transmission, especially among high-risk populations such as swine workers. Moreover, the study provides a promising avenue for the development of next-generation biologics against emerging zoonotic herpesviruses, offering significant implications for both veterinary and human public health.

伪狂犬病毒（PRV）是一种威胁养猪业和人类健康的人畜共患甲型疱疹病毒，利用糖蛋白D (gD)-连接蛋白-1相互作用进入宿主细胞。在这里，我们报道了一种双靶点中和策略，结合了一种新的gd特异性单克隆中和抗体（3F7）和nectin-1阻断单抗。体外中和实验表明，3F7对猪肾细胞（PK15）、人神经母细胞瘤细胞（SK-N-SH）和人胚胎肾细胞（HEK 293T）的PRV感染具有明显的跨种抑制作用（IC50: 0.56 ~ 5.39μg/mL）。与以nectin-1为靶点的mAb共给药可协同提高14.5-25.8%的中和效果，揭示了病毒糖蛋白阻断与宿主受体干扰之间的协同机制。本研究提供了初步证据，表明针对病原体及其宿主进入因子nectin-1的抗体可显著增强抗prv活性。这些发现强调了一种减轻人畜共患PRV传播的新颖而有效的策略，特别是在猪工人等高危人群中。此外，该研究为开发针对新出现的人畜共患疱疹病毒的下一代生物制剂提供了一条有希望的途径，对兽医和人类公共卫生都具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Ultra-diluted Bryonia alba extract modulates HMOX-1 gene expression to attenuate the pathogenetic effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein RBD antigen 超稀释白苔藓提取物调节HMOX-1基因表达减弱SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白RBD抗原的致病作用

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115274

Pritam Goswami , Debasmita Chatterjee , Sayak Ghosh , Krishnendu Paira , Satadal Das

Introduction

Despite the familiar use of Bryonia alba (Bry-alb) in COVID-19, the method of accomplishment of this homeopathic medicine is not appropriately explored. Studies have revealed that constituents of Bry-alb can up-regulate the haeme-oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) gene in diverse circumstances. In this experiment, we were concerned to explore whether a COVID-19-induced cytokine dysregulation could be managed by Bry-alb through this pathway.

Methods

Fourteenth-day-old embryonated Gallus gallus domesticus eggs were divided into six experimental groups, and except for the control, all eggs in other groups were challenged with 100 μL of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain antigen (Ag) and Bry-alb (30 cH or 200 cH) via the amniotic route. Harvesting of all the eggs was performed after 48 h, and 5–10 ml of allantoic fluid was collected in sterile vials and preserved at −80°C. Later, RNA extraction was done, followed by real-time PCR to detect comparative cytokine and HMOX-1 gene expressions.

Results

Equally IFN-α and IL-10 genes were augmented when antigen was injected and followed by administration of Bry-alb 30CH both in therapeutic and prophylactic dose but this alteration was less significant with Bry-alb 200CH. However, when the antigen was confronted after administration of Bry-alb 30CH, IFN-γ and IL-6 gene expression was markedly increased while other cytokines were decreased. In the case of the HMOX-1 gene, mild up-regulation was seen with administration of Bry-alb30CH but overexpression of the aforesaid enzyme was encountered with Bry-alb 200CH. Dose dependent variation in the expression of HMOX-1 is crucial to understand the action of the drug against SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusion

The study finding suggests that Bry-alb has a protective effect against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antigen-induced pathogenesis by modulating HMOX-1 gene expression.

简介：尽管在COVID-19中常见的使用白苔藓（Bry-alb），但尚未适当探索这种顺势疗法药物的实现方法。研究表明，在不同情况下，Bry-alb的成分可以上调血红素加氧酶-1 （HMOX-1）基因。在本实验中，我们关注的是观察Bry-alb是否可以通过这一途径管理covid -19诱导的细胞因子失调。方法：将14日龄的家鸡胚蛋分为6个实验组，除对照组外，其余各组均经羊膜途径用100μL的SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白受体结合域抗原（Ag）和白蛋白（30 cH或200 cH）攻毒。48h后采集所有卵，无菌小瓶中收集5-10mL尿囊液，-80℃保存。随后进行RNA提取，real-time PCR检测细胞因子和HMOX-1基因的比较表达。结果：抗原注射后，治疗剂量和预防剂量的bry - alb30ch均能显著增强IFN-α和IL-10基因，而bry - alb200ch则不明显。而Bry-alb 30CH经抗原处理后，IFN-γ和IL-6基因表达明显升高，其他细胞因子表达降低。在HMOX-1基因的情况下，施用Bry-alb30CH可以轻度上调，而施用bry - alb200ch则会出现上述酶的过表达。HMOX-1表达的剂量依赖性变化对于了解药物对SARS-CoV-2的作用至关重要。结论：本研究提示白垩白蛋白通过调节HMOX-1基因表达，对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白抗原诱导的发病机制具有保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Applied Biosystems™ TaqPath™ Seq HIV-1 Genotyping Kit for HIV-1 drug resistance testing from dried blood spot specimens 应用Biosystems™TaqPath™Seq HIV-1基因分型试剂盒对干血斑点标本进行HIV-1耐药检测的评价

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115277

Obiageli Okafor , Jane Cameron , Andrea Garcia , Charmaine Hinahon , Carmen Salvador-Palomeque , Mitchell Starr , Philip H. Cunningham

Objectives

Monitoring HIV drug resistance is crucial for HIV treatment success. Logistical challenges restrict the use of liquid venous blood specimens for HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) testing, but dried blood spots (DBS) offer a more accessible alternative. This study evaluates the performance of TaqPath™ Seq HIV-1 Genotyping Kit (TaqPath kit) for detecting resistance-associated mutations in the protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT), and integrase (INI) regions of HIV-1 pol gene using DBS specimens.

Methods

A total of 79 DBS samples collected from ART-naive and ART-experienced individuals with viral loads ranging from 2830 to 9,095,161 copies/mL and HIV-1 subtypes A, B, C, F, and CRF01_AE were genotyped with TaqPath kit. Performance was assessed using the WHO HIVDR assay validation criteria.

Results

The assay met the amplification sensitivity criterion, achieving 95.7 % for PR/RT and 92.7 % for INI in high viral load samples. However, lower viral load samples between 2000 and 5000 copies/mL demonstrated reduced sensitivity of 50 % and 30 % for the PR/RT and INI regions respectively. Intra- and inter-assay agreement exceeded 99 % and mutation detection showed strong correlation with the reference assay, identifying over 95 % of reference mutations.

Conclusions

The TaqPath kit met the WHO acceptance criteria for HIVDR assay validation, except in the INI region at low viral loads, where amplification sensitivity was below the required threshold. Dried blood spot specimens are compatible with TaqPath kit for baseline and treatment-failure HIVDR genotyping, offering a reliable alternative to plasma in resource-constrained and remote settings.

目的监测HIV耐药性对HIV治疗成功至关重要。后勤方面的挑战限制了液体静脉血标本用于艾滋病毒耐药性（HIVDR）检测的使用，但干血点（DBS）提供了一种更容易获得的替代方法。本研究评估了TaqPath™Seq HIV-1基因分型试剂盒（TaqPath Kit）检测HIV-1 pol基因蛋白酶（PR）、逆转录酶（RT）和整合酶（INI）区域耐药相关突变的性能。方法采用TaqPath试剂盒对病毒载量为2830 ~ 9,095,161拷贝/mL、HIV-1亚型A、B、C、F和CRF01_AE的初接受art治疗和已接受art治疗的79例DBS患者进行基因分型。使用世卫组织HIVDR测定验证标准评估其性能。结果在高病毒载量样品中，PR/RT和INI的扩增灵敏度分别达到95.7% %和92.7 %，符合扩增灵敏度标准。然而，在2000和5000拷贝/mL之间的病毒载量较低的样本中，PR/RT和INI区域的敏感性分别降低了50% %和30% %。测定内和测定间的一致性超过99% %，突变检测与参考测定具有很强的相关性，鉴定出95% %以上的参考突变。结论TaqPath试剂盒符合WHO对HIVDR检测验证的接受标准，但在INI区域低病毒载量时，扩增敏感性低于要求的阈值。干血斑标本可与TaqPath试剂盒兼容，用于基线和治疗失败的hiv - dr基因分型，在资源受限和偏远地区提供可靠的血浆替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a duplex LNA-TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR for differential detection of virulent and attenuated strains of Muscovy duck-origin goose parvovirus 双重LNA-TaqMan实时定量PCR法鉴别检测番鸭鹅细小病毒强毒株和弱毒株的建立。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115276

Su Lin , Xiuqin Chen , Xiaoli Zhu , Xiaoxia Cheng , Dangdang Jiang , Shifeng Xiao , Shilong Chen , Meiqing Huang , Xiaofei Lin , Shao Wang , Shaoying Chen

To establish a real-time quantitative PCR method for detecting and differentiating virulent and attenuated strains of Muscovy duck-origin goose parvovirus (MDGPV), a pair of common primers and two specific locked nucleic acid (LNA)-TaqMan probes targeting the conserved VP1 gene region were designed and synthesized based on MDGPV genome sequences from GenBank. By labeling the probes with distinct fluorophores and optimizing the reaction conditions, the optimal primer-probe combination was identified, and an LNA-TaqMan based quantitative PCR differentiation method was developed. The results demonstrated that this assay could specifically detect both virulent and attenuated MDGPV strains without cross-reactivity with other waterfowl viruses. The method exhibited high sensitivity, with a detection limit of 6.1 × 10⁰ copies/μL for both the virulent and attenuated strains. The method showed good reproducibility, with a coefficient of variation of less than 3 %. The detection results for the clinical samples were consistent with the sequencing analysis. These findings indicate that the established duplex LNA-TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR method is suitable for the differential detection of MDGPV virulent and attenuated strains in clinical samples, providing an effective technical tool for the control and eradication of MDGPV.

为了建立一种实时定量PCR检测和区分鸭鹅细小病毒（MDGPV）毒株和弱毒株的方法，基于GenBank上的MDGPV基因组序列，设计并合成了一对针对VP1基因保守区域的公共引物和两个特异性锁定核酸(LNA)-TaqMan探针。通过不同荧光基团标记探针，优化反应条件，确定最佳引物-探针组合，建立基于LNA-TaqMan的定量PCR分化方法。结果表明，该方法能特异性检测出MDGPV毒株和弱毒株，与其他水禽病毒无交叉反应。该方法灵敏度高，对毒株和弱毒株的检出限均为6.1 × 100拷贝/μL。方法重现性好，变异系数小于3%。临床样品的检测结果与测序分析结果一致。上述结果表明，所建立的双链LNA-TaqMan实时定量PCR方法适用于MDGFPV毒株和弱毒株的临床鉴别检测，为控制和根除鸭鹅细小病毒提供了有效的技术手段。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a fluorescence isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of feline calicivirus 荧光等温重组酶扩增法快速检测猫杯状病毒的建立。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115275

Yujun Zhu , Shuzhou Huang , Bihong Huang , Yuexiao Lian , Tongyuan Zhang , Feng Cong , Miaoli Wu

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is responsible for a highly contagious disease in domestic cats. FCV may cause multiple symptoms and even death to the infected cats. A simple and cost-effective real-time RPA assay was developed for rapid detection of FCV in clinical samples. In this study, specific primers and probe were designed from the genome of FCV that prevalent in south China. The real-time RPA assay was carried out at 39℃ for 20 min before signal analysis by the fluorescence detector. The specificity and sensitivity were thoroughly validated and the results showed that no cross-reaction with irrelevant pathogens were found during the amplification, indicating the good specificity of the new developed real-time RPA assay. RNA standards were constructed and diluted to evaluate the limit of detection. The results showed that the detection limit of the real-time RPA assay could achieve 100 copies/μl, suggesting the high sensitivity of the assay. Additionally, the real-time RPA assay showed excellent performance in clinical sample detection, when compared with a TaqMan qPCR assay. The detection rate of FCV was 38.5 % (57/148) for real-time RPA assay and it was a little higher than 37.2 % (55/148) of the qPCR assay. Taking all together, the real-time RPA assay had potential application of FCV detection in clinical diagnosis. In conclusion, the new developed real-time RPA assay has provided an alternative strategy for rapid and sensitive detection of FCV in laboratories and animal clinics, especially those with limited facilities.

猫杯状病毒（FCV）是一种在家猫中具有高度传染性的疾病。感染FCV的猫可能出现多种症状，甚至死亡。为快速检测临床样品中的FCV，建立了一种简单、经济的实时RPA检测方法。本研究从华南流行的FCV基因组中设计特异性引物和探针。实时RPA实验在39℃下进行20min，荧光检测器进行信号分析。结果表明，在扩增过程中未发现与无关病原体的交叉反应，表明新建立的实时RPA检测方法具有良好的特异性。制作RNA标准品并稀释以评估检测限。结果表明，实时RPA法的检出限可达100拷贝/μl，具有较高的灵敏度。此外，与TaqMan qPCR法相比，实时RPA法在临床样品检测中表现优异。实时RPA法检测FCV的检出率为38.5%(57/148)，略高于qPCR法的37.2%（55/148）。综上所述，实时RPA法在FCV检测的临床诊断中具有潜在的应用价值。总之，新开发的实时RPA分析为实验室和动物诊所，特别是设备有限的实验室和动物诊所提供了一种快速、灵敏检测FCV的替代策略。

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引用次数: 0

Duplex droplet digital PCR enables simultaneous quantification of algal giant virus DSLLAV1 and virophage DSLV8 in natural and laboratory samples 双液滴数字PCR能够同时定量天然和实验室样品中的藻类巨病毒DSLLAV1和噬菌体DSLV8。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115273

Ting Chu , Jiabei Yu , Qinran Wang , Chen Hu , Lanming Chen , Yongxin Yu , Yongjie Wang

Cell–virus–virophage (CVv) systems involve virophages parasitizing giant viruses within eukaryotic hosts, forming unique virus–virus interactions with complex ecological implications. However, quantitative tools for studying such systems—particularly in freshwater algae—remain limited. In this study, we developed and optimized a duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay to simultaneously detect and quantify Dishui Lake Large Algal Virus 1 (DSLLAV1), a Mimiviridae-like algal giant virus, and its associated Dishui Lake virophage 8 (DSLV8) in the Dishui Lake ecosystem. Target-specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed based on viral genomic sequences, and assay conditions were optimized for annealing temperature, primer/probe concentrations, and droplet separation. The established assay demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity, with detection limits of 0.13 and 0.16 copies/µL for DSLLAV1 and DSLV8, respectively. The method outperformed qPCR in sensitivity and maintained stability across environmental and infection-derived samples. This ddPCR method provides a robust platform for monitoring virus–virophage dynamics and offers new opportunities for investigating the ecological and evolutionary roles of CVv systems in aquatic environments.

细胞-病毒-病毒噬菌体（CVv）系统涉及病毒噬菌体寄生于真核宿主内的巨型病毒，形成具有复杂生态意义的独特病毒-病毒相互作用。然而，用于研究这类系统的定量工具——尤其是淡水藻类——仍然有限。本研究建立并优化了双液滴数字PCR （ddPCR）方法，用于同时检测和定量滴水湖生态系统中滴水湖大藻病毒1 （DSLLAV1）及其相关的滴水湖病毒噬菌体8 （DSLV8）。根据病毒基因组序列设计了特异引物和TaqMan探针，并对退火温度、引物/探针浓度和液滴分离等条件进行了优化。建立的检测方法具有较高的特异性和敏感性，DSLLAV1和DSLV8的检测限分别为0.13和0.16 copies/µL。该方法在敏感性上优于qPCR，并在环境和感染衍生样品中保持稳定性。这种ddPCR方法为监测病毒-噬菌体动力学提供了一个强大的平台，并为研究CVv系统在水生环境中的生态和进化作用提供了新的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of RT-qPCR assay sensitivity and process limit of detection for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) detection in piggery wastewater 猪舍废水中流行性乙型脑炎病毒（JEV） RT-qPCR检测灵敏度及工艺限的比较分析

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115272

Angela Freddi , Metasebia Gebrewold , Wendy J.M. Smith , Elena Manini , Stuart L. Simpson , Warish Ahmed

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) poses a significant public health threat in Asia, the Western Pacific, and Australia, necessitating robust surveillance and management strategies. This study evaluates three RT-qPCR assays (Universal JEV, JEV G4, and VIDRL2 JEV G4) for detecting JEV in piggery wastewater, a promising approach for early outbreak detection. We assessed assay limit of detection (ALOD), process limit of detection (PLOD), and recovery efficiency using gamma-irradiated JEV seeded into wastewater samples, alongside field-derived samples from an Australian piggery. The JEV G4 assay demonstrated superior sensitivity, with an ALOD of 2.2–5.7 copies/reaction and PLOD of 72–282 copies/10 mL of piggery wastewater, detecting JEV in 24/30 field samples compared to 17/30 for Universal JEV and 0/30 for VIDRL2 JEV G4. Recovery efficiencies varied, with JEV G4 showing consistent performance (14.9–26.6 %) across concentrations. McNemar’s test confirmed JEV G4’s higher sensitivity (p < 0.05). Based on the results obtained in this study, the JEV G4 assay is recommended for wastewater surveillance in genotype 4 regions, with a dual-assay approach suggested for broader genotype coverage. These findings enhance JEV surveillance strategies, supporting early detection and control.

日本脑炎病毒（JEV）在亚洲、西太平洋和澳大利亚构成重大公共卫生威胁，需要强有力的监测和管理战略。本研究评估了三种RT-qPCR方法（通用乙脑病毒、乙脑病毒G4和VIDRL2乙脑病毒G4）检测猪场废水中的乙脑病毒，这是一种很有前景的早期爆发检测方法。我们利用γ辐照的乙脑病毒注入废水样品，以及从澳大利亚养猪场提取的样品，评估了检测限（ALOD）、过程检测限（PLOD）和回收率。JEV G4检测显示出卓越的灵敏度，ALOD为2.2 ~ 5.7拷贝/反应，PLOD为72 ~ 282拷贝/10mL猪场废水，在24/30的现场样品中检测到JEV，而Universal JEV为17/30，VIDRL2 JEV G4为0/30。在不同浓度下，乙脑病毒G4的回收率保持一致（14.9 ~ 26.6%）。McNemar试验证实乙脑病毒G4具有较高的敏感性（p < 0.05）。基于本研究的结果，建议采用乙脑病毒G4检测方法对基因型4区域的废水进行监测，建议采用双检测方法以扩大基因型覆盖范围。这些发现加强了乙脑病毒监测战略，支持早期发现和控制。

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引用次数: 0

AI-driven strategies for enhancing Mpox surveillance and response in Africa 在非洲加强麻疹监测和应对的人工智能驱动战略

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115270

David B. Olawade , Chiamaka Norah Ezeagu , Chibuike S. Alisi , Aanuoluwapo Clement David-Olawade , Deborah Motilayo Eniola , Temitope Akingbala , Ojima Z. Wada

Mpox, a zoonotic viral disease endemic to several African countries, has re-emerged as a significant public health concern, particularly in regions with limited healthcare resources. Current public health strategies in Africa fall short due to fragmented surveillance systems, delayed diagnostic capabilities, and inadequate resource distribution networks that cannot effectively respond to rapidly evolving outbreaks in remote and underserved areas. This narrative review explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance the management and control of Mpox in Africa. AI technologies, including machine learning and predictive analytics, can significantly improve early detection, surveillance, contact tracing, case management, public health communication, and resource allocation. AI-driven tools can analyze large datasets to identify outbreak patterns, automate contact tracing through mobile data, optimize treatment plans, and tailor public health messages to specific communities. However, the successful implementation of AI faces challenges, including limited digital infrastructure, data quality issues, ethical concerns, and the need for capacity building. Furthermore, ongoing research is essential to refine AI algorithms and develop culturally sensitive applications. This review emphasizes the need for investment in infrastructure, training, and ethical frameworks to fully integrate AI into public health systems in Africa. By addressing these challenges, AI can play a pivotal role in mitigating the impact of Mpox and enhancing the resilience of healthcare systems against future infectious disease outbreaks. This represents a novel comprehensive synthesis of AI applications specifically for African Mpox control, providing a critical framework for evidence-based implementation strategies in resource-limited settings.

麻疹是一种在若干非洲国家流行的人畜共患病毒性疾病，已重新成为一个重大的公共卫生问题，特别是在卫生保健资源有限的区域。由于监测系统支离破碎、诊断能力滞后以及资源分配网络不足，无法有效应对偏远和服务不足地区迅速演变的疫情，非洲目前的公共卫生战略存在不足。本综述探讨了人工智能（AI）在加强非洲麻疹管理和控制方面的潜力。包括机器学习和预测分析在内的人工智能技术可以显著改善早期发现、监测、接触者追踪、病例管理、公共卫生沟通和资源分配。人工智能驱动的工具可以分析大型数据集以确定疫情模式，通过移动数据自动追踪接触者，优化治疗计划，并针对特定社区定制公共卫生信息。然而，人工智能的成功实施面临着挑战，包括有限的数字基础设施、数据质量问题、道德问题以及能力建设的需求。此外，正在进行的研究对于完善人工智能算法和开发具有文化敏感性的应用程序至关重要。本综述强调需要在基础设施、培训和道德框架方面进行投资，以便将人工智能充分纳入非洲的公共卫生系统。通过应对这些挑战，人工智能可以在减轻麻疹的影响和增强卫生保健系统对未来传染病暴发的抵御能力方面发挥关键作用。这代表了专门针对非洲麻疹控制的人工智能应用的一种新颖的全面综合，为在资源有限的情况下基于证据的实施战略提供了一个关键框架。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the effectiveness of a novel environmental decontamination system utilizing low-energy hyper-charged photoelectrons against coronavirus 评估一种利用低能量超电荷光电子对抗冠状病毒的新型环境净化系统的有效性。

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of virological methods

Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2025.115269

Madeeha Afzal , Mark D.P. Willcox , Stephan Praet , Murray Mcdonald , Muhammad Yasir

The COVID-19 pandemic had profound economic and social effects across the globe. The present study evaluated the virus attenuation efficacy of an environmental decontamination system named photon-mediated electron emitter (PMEE) on aerosolized and surface-associated coronavirus. The intensity of hyper-charged photoelectrons emitted by the PMEE were measured over distances of 1–5 m using a photon-detection mapping device. The antiviral efficacy of the PMEE was tested against mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-1) ATCC/VR261. For aerosolised studies, the MHV-1 was aerosolized using an electronic diffuser in an enclosed booth. Virus particles were exposed to PMEE for 10 and 15 min. For surface studies, viruses were dried on steel and laminate surfaces and then exposed to the PMEE from distances of 1 and 5-meters. The antiviral potential of the PMEE was evaluated by culturing MHV-1 in A9 ATCC/CCL 1.4 cells using a plaque assay. PMEE emission strength ranged from 1.44 to 1.86 V inside the booth and 0.83–1.86 V outside. The average size of the generated aerosol particles was 3.0 ± 0.3 µm. After 10 min exposure, the virucidal effects against particles of 2.1 µm, 1.1 µm, and 0.65 µm pore sizes were 74.5 ± 11.1 %, 79 ± 4.9 %, and 96 ± 1.4 % respectively. On surfaces, a 1-minute exposure at 1 m resulted in a 60 ± 0.5 % reduction on steel and 43 ± 2.7 % on laminate. The PMEE-based system effectively reduced the infectivity of MHV-1 both in aerosols and on surfaces, demonstrating strong potential for environmental decontamination applications.

新冠肺炎疫情在全球范围内产生了深刻的经济社会影响。本研究评估了一种名为光子介导电子发射器（PMEE）的环境去污系统对雾化和表面相关冠状病毒的病毒衰减效果。利用光子探测测绘装置测量了PMEE发射的超电荷光电子的强度，距离为1至5m。研究了PMEE对小鼠肝炎病毒（MHV-1） ATCC/VR261的抗病毒作用。对于雾化研究，MHV-1在封闭的隔间中使用电子扩散器雾化。将病毒颗粒暴露在PMEE中10分钟和15分钟。在表面研究中，病毒在钢铁和层压板表面干燥，然后在距离1米和5米的地方暴露在PMEE中。通过斑块实验，在A9 ATCC/CCL 1.4细胞中培养MHV-1，评估PMEE的抗病毒潜力。PMEE发射强度在展台内为1.44 ~ 1.86mV，展台外为0.83 ~ 1.86mV。产生的气溶胶颗粒平均粒径为3.0±0.3µm。暴露10min后，对孔径为2.1µm、1.1µm和0.65µm的颗粒的毒力分别为74.5±11.1%、79±4.9%和96±1.4%。在表面上，在1米处暴露1分钟，钢的磨损减少60±0.5%，层压板的磨损减少43±2.7%。基于pme的系统有效地降低了MHV-1在气溶胶和表面上的传染性，显示出在环境净化应用中的强大潜力。

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