IIn a geothermal environment, cathodic protection is employed to improve resistance against corrosion fatigue. However, during the cathodic reactions under applied potential, hydrogen is generated and assimilated, leading to a reduced lifetime expectancy of high-alloyed steels. The corrosion fatigue mechanism of a standard duplex stainless steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) specimen loaded with hydrogen was studied in a corrosion chamber specifically designed for the purpose, surrounded by the electrolyte of the Northern German Basin at 369 K. The microstructural reactions resulting in hydrogen incorporation significantly decrease the number of cycles to failure of the specimen. This reduction is attributed to hydrogen enhancing crack propagation and causing early failure, primarily due to the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the ferritic phase rather than corrosion reactions or corrosive degradation.
在地热环境中，采用阴极保护可提高抗腐蚀疲劳的能力。然而，在外加电位下的阴极反应过程中，会产生并同化氢，从而导致高合金钢的预期寿命缩短。在专门为此设计的腐蚀室中，在 369 K 的德国北部盆地电解液的包围下，研究了加载氢的标准双相不锈钢 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) 试样的腐蚀疲劳机理。这种减少归因于氢促进了裂纹扩展并导致早期失效，这主要是由于铁素体相机械性能的恶化，而不是腐蚀反应或腐蚀降解。
{"title":"Influence of Hydrogen on the Failure Mechanism of Standard Duplex Stainless Steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 Exposed to Corrosion Fatigue","authors":"M. Wolf, A. Pfennig","doi":"10.4028/p-QJf7Bl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-QJf7Bl","url":null,"abstract":"IIn a geothermal environment, cathodic protection is employed to improve resistance against corrosion fatigue. However, during the cathodic reactions under applied potential, hydrogen is generated and assimilated, leading to a reduced lifetime expectancy of high-alloyed steels. The corrosion fatigue mechanism of a standard duplex stainless steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) specimen loaded with hydrogen was studied in a corrosion chamber specifically designed for the purpose, surrounded by the electrolyte of the Northern German Basin at 369 K. The microstructural reactions resulting in hydrogen incorporation significantly decrease the number of cycles to failure of the specimen. This reduction is attributed to hydrogen enhancing crack propagation and causing early failure, primarily due to the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the ferritic phase rather than corrosion reactions or corrosive degradation.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":"99 10","pages":"27 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uddipan Agasti, S. Karmakar, S. Kundu, Mili Sarkar, Sayan Chatterjee
Tin oxide (SnO2) holds significance as an n-type semiconductor metal oxide, finding diverse applications across various fields. It has optimal properties as a gas sensing material, fuel cells, batteries, and so on. The main objective of this research is to synthesize SnO2 thin films at a low-cost, easily replicable method and study its crystallographic properties. Here, the thin film was prepared by electrodeposition using tin sulfate, tartaric acid, and potassium nitrate at 2.1 pH followed by annealing the obtained thin film at 773 K. The whole process was conducted at 300 K without any external DC. The synthesized substrate was crystallographic properties were studied using X-ray diffraction. The average crystallite grain size was evaluated to be around 19 nm with degree of crystallinity close to 48.3%. These outcomes show that the method used to create thin films was in an appropriate direction.
氧化锡（SnO2）作为一种 n 型半导体金属氧化物，在各个领域都有广泛的应用。它具有作为气体传感材料、燃料电池、电池等的最佳特性。本研究的主要目的是以低成本、易复制的方法合成二氧化锰薄膜，并研究其晶体学特性。在这里，薄膜是通过使用硫酸亚锡、酒石酸和硝酸钾在 pH 值为 2.1 的条件下进行电沉积制备的，然后将获得的薄膜在 773 K 下退火。用 X 射线衍射法研究了合成基底的晶体学特性。平均晶粒大小约为 19 纳米，结晶度接近 48.3%。这些结果表明，制造薄膜的方法是正确的。
{"title":"Crystallinity Study of Electrodeposited SnO2 on FTO Substrate","authors":"Uddipan Agasti, S. Karmakar, S. Kundu, Mili Sarkar, Sayan Chatterjee","doi":"10.4028/p-5z5lce","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-5z5lce","url":null,"abstract":"Tin oxide (SnO2) holds significance as an n-type semiconductor metal oxide, finding diverse applications across various fields. It has optimal properties as a gas sensing material, fuel cells, batteries, and so on. The main objective of this research is to synthesize SnO2 thin films at a low-cost, easily replicable method and study its crystallographic properties. Here, the thin film was prepared by electrodeposition using tin sulfate, tartaric acid, and potassium nitrate at 2.1 pH followed by annealing the obtained thin film at 773 K. The whole process was conducted at 300 K without any external DC. The synthesized substrate was crystallographic properties were studied using X-ray diffraction. The average crystallite grain size was evaluated to be around 19 nm with degree of crystallinity close to 48.3%. These outcomes show that the method used to create thin films was in an appropriate direction.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno Castanie, Ramesh K. Agarwal, Sandip A. Kale, Shanmugam Thillikkani
{"title":"Processing and Application of Engineering Materials","authors":"Bruno Castanie, Ramesh K. Agarwal, Sandip A. Kale, Shanmugam Thillikkani","doi":"10.4028/b-7dfrjt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/b-7dfrjt","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ria Grace P. Abdon, Shanlaine F. Barbastro, Kian James C. Francisco, Cedric John D. Quicay
Plastic waste is one of the most problematic wastes produced daily. A potential solution to this problem is to recycle and convert them into filaments for 3D printing. This study aims to prepare recycled polypropylene (rPP) from plastic cups and convert them into filaments for 3D printing using an extrusion process. It also aims to produce a quality printout and compare its mechanical properties with a commercial filament, polylactic acid (PLA). In this study, rPP cups were collected and treated to undergo an extrusion process. A temperature calibration tower was then fabricated to determine the ideal temperature settings for printing. Lastly a total of 24 tensile and flexural specimens were printed utilizing both rPP and PLA, facilitating a comparative evaluation of their mechanical properties. Results showed that the best extruder heater settings were 240°C, 235°C, 210°C, and 180°C from heat zone 1 to 4. The ideal printing temperature for rPP material was established at 230°C. The application of polypropylene packaging tapes, hairspray, and incorporation of a brim around the model proved effective in mitigating warpage during the printing process. Mechanical testing indicated an average tensile strength and flexural strength of 24.5 MPa and 45 MPa, respectively. In contrast the average tensile strength and flexural strength for PLA was measured at 43 MPa and 80 MPa respectively. It is clear that PLA demonstrated higher outcomes, but it lacks durability and flexibility exhibited by rPP.
{"title":"Evaluation of Recycled Polypropylene (PP) Made from Plastic Cups as Filaments for Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Ria Grace P. Abdon, Shanlaine F. Barbastro, Kian James C. Francisco, Cedric John D. Quicay","doi":"10.4028/p-p4o9jk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-p4o9jk","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic waste is one of the most problematic wastes produced daily. A potential solution to this problem is to recycle and convert them into filaments for 3D printing. This study aims to prepare recycled polypropylene (rPP) from plastic cups and convert them into filaments for 3D printing using an extrusion process. It also aims to produce a quality printout and compare its mechanical properties with a commercial filament, polylactic acid (PLA). In this study, rPP cups were collected and treated to undergo an extrusion process. A temperature calibration tower was then fabricated to determine the ideal temperature settings for printing. Lastly a total of 24 tensile and flexural specimens were printed utilizing both rPP and PLA, facilitating a comparative evaluation of their mechanical properties. Results showed that the best extruder heater settings were 240°C, 235°C, 210°C, and 180°C from heat zone 1 to 4. The ideal printing temperature for rPP material was established at 230°C. The application of polypropylene packaging tapes, hairspray, and incorporation of a brim around the model proved effective in mitigating warpage during the printing process. Mechanical testing indicated an average tensile strength and flexural strength of 24.5 MPa and 45 MPa, respectively. In contrast the average tensile strength and flexural strength for PLA was measured at 43 MPa and 80 MPa respectively. It is clear that PLA demonstrated higher outcomes, but it lacks durability and flexibility exhibited by rPP.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel Raïssa Ngono Mvondo, René Oum Lissouck, Sophie Grigoletto
An experimental study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of using concrete compositions containing waste wood for structural and non-structural building applications. First, the inert and wood aggregates used in the composite design were characterized. Five compositions containing a reference, 50% and 100% of wood particles were then produced and characterized in terms of physical and mechanical performance (e.g., apparent density, abrasion, compressive strength, and flexural strength). The selected specimens were used for additional experimental tests. These included water absorption and thermal tests. Increasing wood waste content considerably lower compressive and flexural strengths while improving the thermal insulation quality of wood waste-cement composite. The durability assessment of selected compositions further showed that the abrasion resistance of manufactured specimen decreased by adding wood waste in the cement matrix while there was an increase of the capillarity absorption coefficients. It appears that the incorporation of waste wood particles into mortars decrease their thermal conductivities to 0.3 W/mK. The use of wood waste treated by a lime solution improves the studied properties.
{"title":"Development and Characterization of a Micro-Concrete Based on Wood Waste from Sawmills","authors":"Rachel Raïssa Ngono Mvondo, René Oum Lissouck, Sophie Grigoletto","doi":"10.4028/p-syj2nc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-syj2nc","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of using concrete compositions containing waste wood for structural and non-structural building applications. First, the inert and wood aggregates used in the composite design were characterized. Five compositions containing a reference, 50% and 100% of wood particles were then produced and characterized in terms of physical and mechanical performance (e.g., apparent density, abrasion, compressive strength, and flexural strength). The selected specimens were used for additional experimental tests. These included water absorption and thermal tests. Increasing wood waste content considerably lower compressive and flexural strengths while improving the thermal insulation quality of wood waste-cement composite. The durability assessment of selected compositions further showed that the abrasion resistance of manufactured specimen decreased by adding wood waste in the cement matrix while there was an increase of the capillarity absorption coefficients. It appears that the incorporation of waste wood particles into mortars decrease their thermal conductivities to 0.3 W/mK. The use of wood waste treated by a lime solution improves the studied properties.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos A. Houngbeme, A. Houngan, Armand A. Djossou
In the first stage. an integral saturation test of lignocellulosic materials was carried out on samples of wood under the control of a previously established theoretical basis. At the end of this test. parameters such as the porosity at saturation with water. the basal density. the total volume shrinkage. the linear shrinkages. the density at the saturation of the samples are deduced. The second stage of this work is based on the exploitation of the hot tape method to achieve the thermophysical properties of wood samples over a range of humidity levels from 0% to 60%. The last stage of this research consisted in developing in the laboratory a device for controlling the saturation rate of steam in order to determine the adsorption/desorption isotherms. the mass diffusivity and the water capacity of these same wood species at various temperature. The counting of the results resulting from these tests has pointed out. among other things. that gmelia arborea is a more hygroscopic. lighter and more thermally insulating wood than afzelia wood. It is also noted that the two species of wood have average shrinkage. anisotropy and nervousness suggesting good stability in service. It is also noticed that equilibrium moisture sorption by these species increases with increasing relative humidity at constant temperature. but decreases slightly as temperature increases at constant humidity. In short . this work reinforces the database on tropical woods by providing in particular more local measurements. allowing the reliable dimensioning of wooden structures.
{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Study of the Physico-Hygrothermal Behavior of Two Tropical Wood Species","authors":"Carlos A. Houngbeme, A. Houngan, Armand A. Djossou","doi":"10.4028/p-xsva64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-xsva64","url":null,"abstract":"In the first stage. an integral saturation test of lignocellulosic materials was carried out on samples of wood under the control of a previously established theoretical basis. At the end of this test. parameters such as the porosity at saturation with water. the basal density. the total volume shrinkage. the linear shrinkages. the density at the saturation of the samples are deduced. The second stage of this work is based on the exploitation of the hot tape method to achieve the thermophysical properties of wood samples over a range of humidity levels from 0% to 60%. The last stage of this research consisted in developing in the laboratory a device for controlling the saturation rate of steam in order to determine the adsorption/desorption isotherms. the mass diffusivity and the water capacity of these same wood species at various temperature. The counting of the results resulting from these tests has pointed out. among other things. that gmelia arborea is a more hygroscopic. lighter and more thermally insulating wood than afzelia wood. It is also noted that the two species of wood have average shrinkage. anisotropy and nervousness suggesting good stability in service. It is also noticed that equilibrium moisture sorption by these species increases with increasing relative humidity at constant temperature. but decreases slightly as temperature increases at constant humidity. In short . this work reinforces the database on tropical woods by providing in particular more local measurements. allowing the reliable dimensioning of wooden structures.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dame Alemayehu Efa, E. M. Gutema, H. Lemu, Mahesh Gopal
The aviation and automobile sectors have witnessed significant expansion and demand for lightweight metals. The friction stir welding (FSW) procedure is used for joining lightweight and low melting temperature materials. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) utilising COMSOL® Multiphysics 6.0 software is utilised in this article to combine dissimilar metals AA6061-T6 and Mg AZ31-B, and their thermo-mechanical characteristics are explored. The peak temperature was observed to increase to 448K and 928K when the coefficient of friction (COF) increased from 0.01 to 0.4, while other parameters remained constant. When the tool rotational speed is increased to 500, 600, or 700 rpm, the peak temperature climbs to 658 K, 706 K, and 759 K, while all other parameters stay constant. When the welding speed is increased, the peak temperature reduces from 665K, 649K, and 638K to 45mm/min, 60mm/min, and 75mm/min, with all other parameters remained constant in this study. The peak temperature climbed to 632K, 684K, and 759K when the axial force increased to 10 kN, 15 kN, and 20 kN, respectively, which is a tolerable temperature less than the point of melting of materials. Peak temperatures increase to 628K, 630K, and 635K when the shoulder-to-pin diameter ratio increases to 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 with all other parameters remaining constant. As a result, the peak temperature is directly related to tool rotational speed, coefficient of friction, axial force, and shoulder-to-pin diameter ratio, whereas welding speed is inversely proportional.
{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys Using Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Dame Alemayehu Efa, E. M. Gutema, H. Lemu, Mahesh Gopal","doi":"10.4028/p-47wkms","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-47wkms","url":null,"abstract":"The aviation and automobile sectors have witnessed significant expansion and demand for lightweight metals. The friction stir welding (FSW) procedure is used for joining lightweight and low melting temperature materials. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) utilising COMSOL® Multiphysics 6.0 software is utilised in this article to combine dissimilar metals AA6061-T6 and Mg AZ31-B, and their thermo-mechanical characteristics are explored. The peak temperature was observed to increase to 448K and 928K when the coefficient of friction (COF) increased from 0.01 to 0.4, while other parameters remained constant. When the tool rotational speed is increased to 500, 600, or 700 rpm, the peak temperature climbs to 658 K, 706 K, and 759 K, while all other parameters stay constant. When the welding speed is increased, the peak temperature reduces from 665K, 649K, and 638K to 45mm/min, 60mm/min, and 75mm/min, with all other parameters remained constant in this study. The peak temperature climbed to 632K, 684K, and 759K when the axial force increased to 10 kN, 15 kN, and 20 kN, respectively, which is a tolerable temperature less than the point of melting of materials. Peak temperatures increase to 628K, 630K, and 635K when the shoulder-to-pin diameter ratio increases to 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 with all other parameters remaining constant. As a result, the peak temperature is directly related to tool rotational speed, coefficient of friction, axial force, and shoulder-to-pin diameter ratio, whereas welding speed is inversely proportional.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyril O. Ugwuoke, Ahmed Abd El-Moneim, Mohsen Ghali
Inorganic thermoelectric (TE) materials have gained significant attention because of their salient properties. However, they possess some significant drawbacks, including high production costs, high heat loss, and fragility. Recently, Organic conducting polymers presented a promising platform as an alternative TE material because of their great mechanical flexibility, high stretchability, and environmental friendliness. In this work, we report for the first time on the TE properties of n-PEDOT:PSS film prepared using spray coating technique. The structural, optical and TE properties of the obtained n-PEDOT:PSS thin film was investigated using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy and Seebeck coefficient measurement systems, respectively. The n-PEDOT:PSS layer showed excellent optical properties with a band gap ranges from 3.91 to 3.78. In addition, the Seebeck coefficient and power factor (PF) were obtained to be 1096.77 µVK-1 and 298.59 µWm-1K-2 respectively, making n-PEDOT:P PSS to be regarded as efficient TE material.
无机热电（TE）材料因其突出的特性而备受关注。然而，它们也有一些明显的缺点，包括生产成本高、热损耗大和易碎。最近，有机导电聚合物因其良好的机械柔韧性、高伸展性和环境友好性，成为一种很有前途的热电半导体材料替代平台。在这项研究中，我们首次报道了利用喷涂技术制备的 n-PEDOT:PSS 薄膜的 TE 特性。利用 X 射线衍射光谱、紫外可见光谱和塞贝克系数测量系统分别研究了所制备 n-PEDOT:PSS 薄膜的结构、光学和 TE 性能。n-PEDOT:PSS 层显示出优异的光学特性，其带隙范围为 3.91 至 3.78。此外，塞贝克系数和功率因数（PF）分别为 1096.77 µVK-1 和 298.59 µWm-1K-2，使 n-PEDOT:PSS 成为高效 TE 材料。
{"title":"Thermoelectric Properties of Spray Coated n-Type PEDOT:PSS Film","authors":"Cyril O. Ugwuoke, Ahmed Abd El-Moneim, Mohsen Ghali","doi":"10.4028/p-so3x5d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-so3x5d","url":null,"abstract":"Inorganic thermoelectric (TE) materials have gained significant attention because of their salient properties. However, they possess some significant drawbacks, including high production costs, high heat loss, and fragility. Recently, Organic conducting polymers presented a promising platform as an alternative TE material because of their great mechanical flexibility, high stretchability, and environmental friendliness. In this work, we report for the first time on the TE properties of n-PEDOT:PSS film prepared using spray coating technique. The structural, optical and TE properties of the obtained n-PEDOT:PSS thin film was investigated using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy and Seebeck coefficient measurement systems, respectively. The n-PEDOT:PSS layer showed excellent optical properties with a band gap ranges from 3.91 to 3.78. In addition, the Seebeck coefficient and power factor (PF) were obtained to be 1096.77 µVK-1 and 298.59 µWm-1K-2 respectively, making n-PEDOT:P PSS to be regarded as efficient TE material.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felicité Ronelngar Modjinguem, Malloum Soultan, Jacques Jay, Michel Querry
The present work focuses on the effect of local materials on the energy performance and thermal comfort of residential and tertiary buildings in the Sahelian climate. Within the framework of the CABET project (Construction Alternative à Basse Energie au Tchad), two buildings were built, one in compacted and additivated raw earth bricks, the other in concrete blocks. These two buildings of same dimensions without floor and single-room were instrumented with temperature and relative humidity sensors since 2019. A weather station is used to monitor outdoor condition. By comparing the experimental data, differences in thermal comfort can be estimated. A heat balance was calculated in the two air volumes inside each building: the room and the space between the ceiling and the roof. An improvement in thermal comfort was experienced by the users after the installation of plant mats on the roof of the concrete block building.
本研究的重点是当地材料对萨赫勒气候条件下住宅和第三产业建筑的能效和热舒适性的影响。在 CABET 项目（Construction Alternative à Basse Energie au Tchad）的框架内，我们建造了两栋建筑，一栋是用压实和添加剂的生土砖建造的，另一栋是用混凝土砌块建造的。自 2019 年起，这两栋尺寸相同、不带地板和单间的建筑都安装了温度和相对湿度传感器。一个气象站用于监测室外情况。通过比较实验数据，可以估算出热舒适度的差异。计算了每栋建筑内部两个空气体积的热平衡：房间以及天花板和屋顶之间的空间。在混凝土砌块建筑的屋顶安装植物垫后，用户的热舒适度得到了改善。
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Local Materials Effects on Two Buildings Thermal Behaviours in Sahelian Climate","authors":"Felicité Ronelngar Modjinguem, Malloum Soultan, Jacques Jay, Michel Querry","doi":"10.4028/p-l3tgxq","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-l3tgxq","url":null,"abstract":"The present work focuses on the effect of local materials on the energy performance and thermal comfort of residential and tertiary buildings in the Sahelian climate. Within the framework of the CABET project (Construction Alternative à Basse Energie au Tchad), two buildings were built, one in compacted and additivated raw earth bricks, the other in concrete blocks. These two buildings of same dimensions without floor and single-room were instrumented with temperature and relative humidity sensors since 2019. A weather station is used to monitor outdoor condition. By comparing the experimental data, differences in thermal comfort can be estimated. A heat balance was calculated in the two air volumes inside each building: the room and the space between the ceiling and the roof. An improvement in thermal comfort was experienced by the users after the installation of plant mats on the roof of the concrete block building.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dame Alemayehu Efa, E. M. Gutema, H. Lemu, Mahesh Gopal
Manufacture of intricate components, products without the need for tooling, shorter lead times and material grading are the most beneficial applications of Additive Manufacturing (AM). The goal of this study is to develop a design optimization framework for developing an aircraft component using additive manufacturing utilizing topology and lattice optimization techniques. Solid works were used to create a 3D model of an aircraft bracket made of Titanium alloy. To minimize mass and maximize frequency and stiffness, the optimization was performed using Altair Inspire 2022.1 software. Component optimization was performed using the finite element method, which entails reducing material while maintaining the proper function of the modelled component. The optimal performance of the designed aerospace component using topology with lattice infill is achieved with minimization of mass from 2.24810 kg to 0.16235 kg and the volume from 5.07579x105 mm3 to 4.70922x102 mm3, frequency is increased from 0.02 kHz to 13.9537 kHz, stiffness is maximized from 1,485,884.1 N/m to 4,558,924.0939 N/m with a factor of safety of 1.73. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the optimized model can full fill its overall performance.
{"title":"Optimization of Titanium Alloy-Ti-6Al-4V to Minimize Mass, Maximize Stiffness and Frequency in Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Dame Alemayehu Efa, E. M. Gutema, H. Lemu, Mahesh Gopal","doi":"10.4028/p-so6m4z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-so6m4z","url":null,"abstract":"Manufacture of intricate components, products without the need for tooling, shorter lead times and material grading are the most beneficial applications of Additive Manufacturing (AM). The goal of this study is to develop a design optimization framework for developing an aircraft component using additive manufacturing utilizing topology and lattice optimization techniques. Solid works were used to create a 3D model of an aircraft bracket made of Titanium alloy. To minimize mass and maximize frequency and stiffness, the optimization was performed using Altair Inspire 2022.1 software. Component optimization was performed using the finite element method, which entails reducing material while maintaining the proper function of the modelled component. The optimal performance of the designed aerospace component using topology with lattice infill is achieved with minimization of mass from 2.24810 kg to 0.16235 kg and the volume from 5.07579x105 mm3 to 4.70922x102 mm3, frequency is increased from 0.02 kHz to 13.9537 kHz, stiffness is maximized from 1,485,884.1 N/m to 4,558,924.0939 N/m with a factor of safety of 1.73. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the optimized model can full fill its overall performance.","PeriodicalId":17714,"journal":{"name":"Key Engineering Materials","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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