G. A. Ignatenko, E. Maylyan, D. Lesnichenko, Alexander A. Kaluga, V. M. Golchenko
Background. The high prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis and the insufficient effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy dictate the need to explore alternative methods of treating the disease. These methods include interval hypoxic therapy, but its effect on the cytokine profile in autoimmune thyroiditis has not been studied enough. Aim. To study the effect of interval hypoxic therapy in combination with hormone replacement therapy on cytokine status in autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. Material and methods. 136 women with primary diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism were examined. Half of them (n=68) received only hormone replacement therapy for 12 months. The rest of the women (n=68), along with sodium levothyroxine, underwent sessions of interval hypoxic therapy (every 3 months for 10 days according to the formula 555). The concentrations of interleukins-4, -6, -8, -10 and tumor necrosis factor in blood serum were determined. To compare the results in groups, KruskalWallis rank univariate analysis and Dunn's test were used. The Wilcoxon t-test was used to compare two related samples. Results. Both isolated hormone therapy and its combination with hypoxic therapy did not affect the concentrations of interleukins-4, -8, -10 and tumor necrosis factor in the blood serum of women with initially diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. However, hypoxic therapy caused a decrease (p=0.0001) in the initially elevated concentration of interleukin-6 to the level of the control group, which did not happen with the isolated intake of levothyroxine sodium. Conclusion. The combination of sodium levothyroxine with hypoxic therapy causes a decrease in the level of interleukin-6, which is elevated in women with newly diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism.
{"title":"Influence of hypoxic therapy on the content of individual cytokines in women with autoimmune thyroiditis","authors":"G. A. Ignatenko, E. Maylyan, D. Lesnichenko, Alexander A. Kaluga, V. M. Golchenko","doi":"10.17816/kmj321671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj321671","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The high prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis and the insufficient effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy dictate the need to explore alternative methods of treating the disease. These methods include interval hypoxic therapy, but its effect on the cytokine profile in autoimmune thyroiditis has not been studied enough. \u0000Aim. To study the effect of interval hypoxic therapy in combination with hormone replacement therapy on cytokine status in autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. \u0000Material and methods. 136 women with primary diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism were examined. Half of them (n=68) received only hormone replacement therapy for 12 months. The rest of the women (n=68), along with sodium levothyroxine, underwent sessions of interval hypoxic therapy (every 3 months for 10 days according to the formula 555). The concentrations of interleukins-4, -6, -8, -10 and tumor necrosis factor in blood serum were determined. To compare the results in groups, KruskalWallis rank univariate analysis and Dunn's test were used. The Wilcoxon t-test was used to compare two related samples. \u0000Results. Both isolated hormone therapy and its combination with hypoxic therapy did not affect the concentrations of interleukins-4, -8, -10 and tumor necrosis factor in the blood serum of women with initially diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. However, hypoxic therapy caused a decrease (p=0.0001) in the initially elevated concentration of interleukin-6 to the level of the control group, which did not happen with the isolated intake of levothyroxine sodium. \u0000Conclusion. The combination of sodium levothyroxine with hypoxic therapy causes a decrease in the level of interleukin-6, which is elevated in women with newly diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81472437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. The frequency of dentoalveolar anomalies and the severity of dentoalveolar disorders in children increases with age. Early orthodontic treatment allows to take advantage of the growth and eruption of teeth and stop pathological development before significant compensatory deformities of the dentition occur, which are more difficult to treat. Aim. To study the long-term results of early orthodontic treatment of children aged 35 years. Material and methods. A prospective study of the long-term results of orthodontic treatment in 50 children aged 35 years was carried out. The state of the dentoalveolar system of children was analyzed: the magnitude of the disproportion in the sagittal, transversal and vertical directions; direction and magnitude of displacement of the lower jaw; the presence of anomalies in the development of teeth before and 3.5 years after treatment. Statistical analysis was carried out using the program Statistica 13.3. The ShapiroWilk and KolmogorovSmirnov tests, asymmetry and kurtosis indicators, and the Student's test were used. Results. A high frequency (52%) of cases of severe occlusion disorders was revealed (occlusion disorders in two planes 44%, in three 8%). Often there was a displacement of the lower jaw 72%. These disorders require early orthodontic treatment. When analyzing the results of early orthodontic treatment after 3.5 years, physiological occlusion was established in 86% of cases: a decrease in the size of the direct sagittal fissure (before treatment 3.92.5, after treatment 1.11.5; p=0.000005); elimination of the reverse sagittal fissure (before treatment 0.80.5, after treatment 0.030.1; p=0.000000); decrease in the depth of vertical overlap (before treatment 4.60.6, after treatment 2.21.1; p=0.000043); elimination of the vertical gap (before treatment 3.121.3, after treatment 1.02.0; p=0.05011); elimination of exocclusion (before treatment 4.92.3, after treatment 0.30.9, p=0.000000); elimination of endocclusion (before treatment 5.50.7, after treatment 0.70.3, p=0.033475); elimination of the displacement of the lower jaw. In 14% of cases in children, the occlusion was not ideal, while the physiological development of the dentition was noted. Conclusion. Early orthodontic treatment of children aged 35 years can eliminate severe disorders and, in most cases, create conditions for the physiological development of the dentoalveolar system.
{"title":"Long-term results of early orthodontic treatment of children aged 3–5 years","authors":"A. S. Shishmareva, E. S. Bimbas","doi":"10.17816/kmj112136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj112136","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The frequency of dentoalveolar anomalies and the severity of dentoalveolar disorders in children increases with age. Early orthodontic treatment allows to take advantage of the growth and eruption of teeth and stop pathological development before significant compensatory deformities of the dentition occur, which are more difficult to treat. \u0000Aim. To study the long-term results of early orthodontic treatment of children aged 35 years. \u0000Material and methods. A prospective study of the long-term results of orthodontic treatment in 50 children aged 35 years was carried out. The state of the dentoalveolar system of children was analyzed: the magnitude of the disproportion in the sagittal, transversal and vertical directions; direction and magnitude of displacement of the lower jaw; the presence of anomalies in the development of teeth before and 3.5 years after treatment. Statistical analysis was carried out using the program Statistica 13.3. The ShapiroWilk and KolmogorovSmirnov tests, asymmetry and kurtosis indicators, and the Student's test were used. \u0000Results. A high frequency (52%) of cases of severe occlusion disorders was revealed (occlusion disorders in two planes 44%, in three 8%). Often there was a displacement of the lower jaw 72%. These disorders require early orthodontic treatment. When analyzing the results of early orthodontic treatment after 3.5 years, physiological occlusion was established in 86% of cases: a decrease in the size of the direct sagittal fissure (before treatment 3.92.5, after treatment 1.11.5; p=0.000005); elimination of the reverse sagittal fissure (before treatment 0.80.5, after treatment 0.030.1; p=0.000000); decrease in the depth of vertical overlap (before treatment 4.60.6, after treatment 2.21.1; p=0.000043); elimination of the vertical gap (before treatment 3.121.3, after treatment 1.02.0; p=0.05011); elimination of exocclusion (before treatment 4.92.3, after treatment 0.30.9, p=0.000000); elimination of endocclusion (before treatment 5.50.7, after treatment 0.70.3, p=0.033475); elimination of the displacement of the lower jaw. In 14% of cases in children, the occlusion was not ideal, while the physiological development of the dentition was noted. \u0000Conclusion. Early orthodontic treatment of children aged 35 years can eliminate severe disorders and, in most cases, create conditions for the physiological development of the dentoalveolar system.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80406413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In colorectal cancer immunotherapy, the use of antibodies against the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoints showed low efficacy and the development of a number of side effects with damage to the liver, lung, and thyroid gland. For this reason, to stimulate the antitumor immune response, it is necessary to search for other targets, which can be used as retroelements. Epigenetic activation of their expression with inhibitors of histone methyltransferases and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) leads to the formation of double-stranded ribonucleic acids (RNA) that stimulate the antiviral response of interferon, which causes apoptosis of tumor cells. This method of viral mimicry shows an objective response in colorectal cancer and other malignant neoplasms. However, activation of retrotransposons is an inducer of carcinogenesis and a necessary condition for clonal evolution and the development of chemoresistance. Therefore, the most rational combination of the method of viral mimicry is with selective inhibition of retroelements involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. For this purpose, specific miRNAs, that recruit DNA methyltransferases to the loci of the location of retroelements due to the complementarity of nucleotide sequences, which is due to their evolutionary relationship, can be used. An analysis of the scientific literature revealed 28miRNAs derived from transposons and associated with colorectal cancer, some of which exhibit oncosuppressive activity, while others exhibit oncogenic activity. These miRNAs can be used as guides for epigenetic effects on retroelements involved in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis.
{"title":"Options for the development of colorectal cancer immunotherapy","authors":"R. Mustafin","doi":"10.17816/kmj120105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj120105","url":null,"abstract":"In colorectal cancer immunotherapy, the use of antibodies against the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoints showed low efficacy and the development of a number of side effects with damage to the liver, lung, and thyroid gland. For this reason, to stimulate the antitumor immune response, it is necessary to search for other targets, which can be used as retroelements. Epigenetic activation of their expression with inhibitors of histone methyltransferases and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) leads to the formation of double-stranded ribonucleic acids (RNA) that stimulate the antiviral response of interferon, which causes apoptosis of tumor cells. This method of viral mimicry shows an objective response in colorectal cancer and other malignant neoplasms. However, activation of retrotransposons is an inducer of carcinogenesis and a necessary condition for clonal evolution and the development of chemoresistance. Therefore, the most rational combination of the method of viral mimicry is with selective inhibition of retroelements involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. For this purpose, specific miRNAs, that recruit DNA methyltransferases to the loci of the location of retroelements due to the complementarity of nucleotide sequences, which is due to their evolutionary relationship, can be used. An analysis of the scientific literature revealed 28miRNAs derived from transposons and associated with colorectal cancer, some of which exhibit oncosuppressive activity, while others exhibit oncogenic activity. These miRNAs can be used as guides for epigenetic effects on retroelements involved in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86207445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. V. Shirolapov, O. Maslova, Kseniya M. Barashkina, Yu. S. Komarova, V. Pyatin
With the projected growth of the world population, an increase in food production on a sustainable commercial scale, the search for alternative sources of protein and a shift to new eating strategies are needed. The article provides an overview of the existing relevant scientific information based on the analysis of publications in international (PubMed, MedLine, Google Scholar) and domestic (RSCI) electronic databases. The review considers the phenomenon of entomophagy as a potential solution to the problem of food shortage in the world, its biomedical, ecological, sociocultural, evolutionary and economic features. The species of the most commonly used edible insects and the countries in which insect biomass products have become traditional in the diet of the population are described. The nutritional value and consumer attitude to such products are highlighted. Insect biomass products are characterized by a high content of proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and are superior in calories to traditional sources of animal and vegetable protein. In this regard, entomophagy has a preventive potential in the preparation of a diet and treatment for metabolic disorders, osteoporosis and other nosologies. The article notes gender differences in relation to adherence to entomophagy in Russia. Despite the revealed values of entomophagy, the issue of food safety for humans remains unresolved. Among the main concerns are the development of possible allergic reactions, the content of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful substances in the composition of food from insect biomass. The review presents the prospects for increasing the share of consumption of insect products and the economic benefits that the globalization of entomophagy will entail.
{"title":"Entomophagy as an alternative source of protein and a new food strategy","authors":"I. V. Shirolapov, O. Maslova, Kseniya M. Barashkina, Yu. S. Komarova, V. Pyatin","doi":"10.17816/kmj123526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj123526","url":null,"abstract":"With the projected growth of the world population, an increase in food production on a sustainable commercial scale, the search for alternative sources of protein and a shift to new eating strategies are needed. The article provides an overview of the existing relevant scientific information based on the analysis of publications in international (PubMed, MedLine, Google Scholar) and domestic (RSCI) electronic databases. The review considers the phenomenon of entomophagy as a potential solution to the problem of food shortage in the world, its biomedical, ecological, sociocultural, evolutionary and economic features. The species of the most commonly used edible insects and the countries in which insect biomass products have become traditional in the diet of the population are described. The nutritional value and consumer attitude to such products are highlighted. Insect biomass products are characterized by a high content of proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins and are superior in calories to traditional sources of animal and vegetable protein. In this regard, entomophagy has a preventive potential in the preparation of a diet and treatment for metabolic disorders, osteoporosis and other nosologies. The article notes gender differences in relation to adherence to entomophagy in Russia. Despite the revealed values of entomophagy, the issue of food safety for humans remains unresolved. Among the main concerns are the development of possible allergic reactions, the content of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful substances in the composition of food from insect biomass. The review presents the prospects for increasing the share of consumption of insect products and the economic benefits that the globalization of entomophagy will entail.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76502058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. It is known that the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes increases with the development of periodontitis. However, their role in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis has not been fully defined. Aim. To study the pathogenetic role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the development of chronic periodontitis, realized by microvesicles and aggression factors (metalloproteinases, myeloperoxidase, calprotectin, lipocaine 2). Material and methods. 30 patients aged 30 to 50 years with a diagnosis of chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity (K05.3) and no severe somatic pathology were under observation. The comparison group included 20 people with no inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity, comparable with the main group in terms of gender, age, nationality, and the presence of bad habits. Using a standard set of indices, the state of periodontal tissues was assessed, and all examined patients underwent X-ray examination. In the oral fluid of the examined, the total number of microvesicles and their phenotype, the concentration of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9, myeloperoxidase, calprotectin, lipocaine 2 were determined. The parameters were determined using a flow cytometer. Descriptive statistics are represented by the median and interquartile range (25th and 75th percentiles). Two independent sample sets were compared using the MannWhitney test. Correlation analysis was carried out according to the Spearman method. Results. The total number of microvesicles in the oral fluid in patients with chronic periodontitis was 11 times higher than in healthy volunteers (p=0.00001). More than a third of them had neutrophil markers. The levels of neutrophil aggression factors were also higher in patients with periodontitis and correlated with the value of the periodontal index, the depth of the periodontal pocket, bleeding index, indicators of periodontal health. Thus, a strong positive relationship was found between the total number of microvesicles and the value of the periodontal index (r=0.675), the depth of the periodontal pocket (r=0.763), the bleeding index (r=0.704); the number of neutrophilic microvesicles and indicators of periodontal health r=0.816, r=0.837 and r=0.776, respectively. The content of metalloproteinase-2 correlated with the depth of the periodontal pocket (r=0.754), bleeding index (r=0.811), papillary-marginal-alveolar index (r=0.675). Conclusion. Neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis through the secretion of aggression factors: metalloproteinases, myeloperoxidase, calprotectin, lipocaine 2, and microvesicles.
{"title":"Microvesicles and neutrophil aggression factors in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis","authors":"A. A. Fefelov, N. Tsybikov, E. Fefelova","doi":"10.17816/kmj109459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj109459","url":null,"abstract":"Background. It is known that the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes increases with the development of periodontitis. However, their role in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis has not been fully defined. \u0000Aim. To study the pathogenetic role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the development of chronic periodontitis, realized by microvesicles and aggression factors (metalloproteinases, myeloperoxidase, calprotectin, lipocaine 2). \u0000Material and methods. 30 patients aged 30 to 50 years with a diagnosis of chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity (K05.3) and no severe somatic pathology were under observation. The comparison group included 20 people with no inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity, comparable with the main group in terms of gender, age, nationality, and the presence of bad habits. Using a standard set of indices, the state of periodontal tissues was assessed, and all examined patients underwent X-ray examination. In the oral fluid of the examined, the total number of microvesicles and their phenotype, the concentration of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9, myeloperoxidase, calprotectin, lipocaine 2 were determined. The parameters were determined using a flow cytometer. Descriptive statistics are represented by the median and interquartile range (25th and 75th percentiles). Two independent sample sets were compared using the MannWhitney test. Correlation analysis was carried out according to the Spearman method. \u0000Results. The total number of microvesicles in the oral fluid in patients with chronic periodontitis was 11 times higher than in healthy volunteers (p=0.00001). More than a third of them had neutrophil markers. The levels of neutrophil aggression factors were also higher in patients with periodontitis and correlated with the value of the periodontal index, the depth of the periodontal pocket, bleeding index, indicators of periodontal health. Thus, a strong positive relationship was found between the total number of microvesicles and the value of the periodontal index (r=0.675), the depth of the periodontal pocket (r=0.763), the bleeding index (r=0.704); the number of neutrophilic microvesicles and indicators of periodontal health r=0.816, r=0.837 and r=0.776, respectively. The content of metalloproteinase-2 correlated with the depth of the periodontal pocket (r=0.754), bleeding index (r=0.811), papillary-marginal-alveolar index (r=0.675). \u0000Conclusion. Neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis through the secretion of aggression factors: metalloproteinases, myeloperoxidase, calprotectin, lipocaine 2, and microvesicles.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84019578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ivanyuta, Dmitriy Y. Khristoforando, E. Spevak, Andrey N. Tsymbal
The review article is devoted to one of the new topical problems in medicine necrosis of the organs of the cranio-maxillofacial region in patients with coronavirus infection, which was first discussed at the end of 2020. Later, doctors of various specialties (otolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, maxillofacial surgeons, neurosurgeons, dentists) from many countries of the world met in their practice with inflammatory-necrotic lesions of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, facial skeleton and skull, eyeball, brain. The article highlights the main points of view of scientists about the etiology and pathogenesis of the studied pathology. Summarized data from the largest studies on the epidemiology, risk factors, and symptoms of post-covid necrosis of the cranio-maxillofacial region are presented. The results of various methods for diagnosing this complication multislice computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography, are described in detail. Due to the fact that today the role of fungal flora is recognized as the leading one in the etiology of post-covid necrosis of the cranio-maxillofacial region, much attention is paid to cytological, microbiological and pathohistological research methods, which should be aimed at the search for mycelium. The main approaches to the treatment of patients with this pathology are formulated. The article highlights issues important for practical healthcare: interpretation of national clinical guidelines for coronavirus infection in terms of post-covid necrosis of the cranio-maxillofacial region, classification options according to the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision, the procedure for providing medical care to this category of patients, the economic consequences of the lack of active prevention methods of the presented complication in patients with COVID-19.
{"title":"Postcovid necrosis of the cranio-maxillofacial region","authors":"S. Ivanyuta, Dmitriy Y. Khristoforando, E. Spevak, Andrey N. Tsymbal","doi":"10.17816/kmj119997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj119997","url":null,"abstract":"The review article is devoted to one of the new topical problems in medicine necrosis of the organs of the cranio-maxillofacial region in patients with coronavirus infection, which was first discussed at the end of 2020. Later, doctors of various specialties (otolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, maxillofacial surgeons, neurosurgeons, dentists) from many countries of the world met in their practice with inflammatory-necrotic lesions of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, facial skeleton and skull, eyeball, brain. The article highlights the main points of view of scientists about the etiology and pathogenesis of the studied pathology. Summarized data from the largest studies on the epidemiology, risk factors, and symptoms of post-covid necrosis of the cranio-maxillofacial region are presented. The results of various methods for diagnosing this complication multislice computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography, are described in detail. Due to the fact that today the role of fungal flora is recognized as the leading one in the etiology of post-covid necrosis of the cranio-maxillofacial region, much attention is paid to cytological, microbiological and pathohistological research methods, which should be aimed at the search for mycelium. The main approaches to the treatment of patients with this pathology are formulated. The article highlights issues important for practical healthcare: interpretation of national clinical guidelines for coronavirus infection in terms of post-covid necrosis of the cranio-maxillofacial region, classification options according to the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision, the procedure for providing medical care to this category of patients, the economic consequences of the lack of active prevention methods of the presented complication in patients with COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85310380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The study of the features of local and systemic indicators in chronic rhinitis. Material and methods. The study groups included 21 patients with chronic allergic rhinitis, 20 patients with chronic vasomotor rhinitis, 9 patients with chronic atrophic rhinitis, 15 patients with chronic infectious rhinitis and 50 people from the control group. Diagnosis of chronic rhinitis, depending on the phenotype, taking into account the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Russia, was carried out by a doctor when the patient applied for treatment, followed by analysis of the data from a full range of instrumental examinations, clinical manifestations, anamnesis, and rhinoendoscopy results. 65 subjects with chronic rhinitis, as well as the control group, underwent a cytological examination of the nasal mucosa and an assessment of hematological parameters. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica 10 package. Differences in groups were assessed using the nonparametric KruskalWallis test (for three or more comparison groups) and MannWhitney test (for pairwise comparison). The critical level of statistical significance in testing scientific hypotheses was p ˂0.05. Results. In chronic allergic rhinitis, three syndromes were locally identified: allergic syndrome (with a statistically significant increase in the absolute number of eosinophils up to 14 per field of view), non-specific inflammation syndrome (with a statistically significant increase in the number of leukocytes up to 9 per field of view) and a syndrome of protective changes in the nasal mucosa. At the same time, changes associated with allergic syndrome were recorded in the blood (with a statistically significant increase in the absolute number of eosinophils up to 0.84109/l). In chronic vasomotor rhinitis, changes in the nasal mucosa did not cause significant changes in the activity of blood cells. In chronic atrophic rhinitis, degenerative changes in the nasal mucosa (with a statistically significant decrease in the number of epithelial cells up to 2 per field of view; p14 0.001, p24 0.001) with local hemorrhagic syndrome were accompanied by the presence of statistically significant anemic (hemoglobin up to 109 g/l; p14 0.001, p24 0.001, p34 0.001, p45 0.001) and inflammatory syndromes in terms of blood parameters (with statistically significant leukocytosis up to 10109/l; p14 0.001, p24 0.001, p34 0.001). In chronic infectious rhinitis, local inflammatory syndrome with a statistically significant increase in the number of leukocytes up to 75 per field of view (p15 0.001, p25 0.001, p35 0.001, p45 0.001) with protective changes in the nasal mucosa confirmed by systemic inflammatory syndrome with statistically significant leukocytosis up to 12109/l (p15 0.001, p25 0.001, p35 0.001, p45=0.04), neutrophilic granulocytosis up to 9109/l (p15 0.001, p25 0.001, p35 0.001, p45=0.03) and an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate up to 22 mm/h (p15 0.001, p25 0.001
{"title":"Features of local and systemic indicators in chronic rhinitis","authors":"Natalya S. Goncharova, O. Smirnova","doi":"10.17816/kmj115032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj115032","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The study of the features of local and systemic indicators in chronic rhinitis. \u0000Material and methods. The study groups included 21 patients with chronic allergic rhinitis, 20 patients with chronic vasomotor rhinitis, 9 patients with chronic atrophic rhinitis, 15 patients with chronic infectious rhinitis and 50 people from the control group. Diagnosis of chronic rhinitis, depending on the phenotype, taking into account the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Russia, was carried out by a doctor when the patient applied for treatment, followed by analysis of the data from a full range of instrumental examinations, clinical manifestations, anamnesis, and rhinoendoscopy results. 65 subjects with chronic rhinitis, as well as the control group, underwent a cytological examination of the nasal mucosa and an assessment of hematological parameters. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica 10 package. Differences in groups were assessed using the nonparametric KruskalWallis test (for three or more comparison groups) and MannWhitney test (for pairwise comparison). The critical level of statistical significance in testing scientific hypotheses was p ˂0.05. \u0000Results. In chronic allergic rhinitis, three syndromes were locally identified: allergic syndrome (with a statistically significant increase in the absolute number of eosinophils up to 14 per field of view), non-specific inflammation syndrome (with a statistically significant increase in the number of leukocytes up to 9 per field of view) and a syndrome of protective changes in the nasal mucosa. At the same time, changes associated with allergic syndrome were recorded in the blood (with a statistically significant increase in the absolute number of eosinophils up to 0.84109/l). In chronic vasomotor rhinitis, changes in the nasal mucosa did not cause significant changes in the activity of blood cells. In chronic atrophic rhinitis, degenerative changes in the nasal mucosa (with a statistically significant decrease in the number of epithelial cells up to 2 per field of view; p14 0.001, p24 0.001) with local hemorrhagic syndrome were accompanied by the presence of statistically significant anemic (hemoglobin up to 109 g/l; p14 0.001, p24 0.001, p34 0.001, p45 0.001) and inflammatory syndromes in terms of blood parameters (with statistically significant leukocytosis up to 10109/l; p14 0.001, p24 0.001, p34 0.001). In chronic infectious rhinitis, local inflammatory syndrome with a statistically significant increase in the number of leukocytes up to 75 per field of view (p15 0.001, p25 0.001, p35 0.001, p45 0.001) with protective changes in the nasal mucosa confirmed by systemic inflammatory syndrome with statistically significant leukocytosis up to 12109/l (p15 0.001, p25 0.001, p35 0.001, p45=0.04), neutrophilic granulocytosis up to 9109/l (p15 0.001, p25 0.001, p35 0.001, p45=0.03) and an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate up to 22 mm/h (p15 0.001, p25 0.001","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84311695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irina A. Egorova, Artem V. Dyupin, Aleksandr A. Liverko, A. Chervotok, Mariya N. Filimonova
Background. The postoperative period is often accompanied by pain and limited mobility in the ankle joint. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of additional rehabilitation methods in the late postoperative period. Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of complex (standard + osteopathic) treatment compared with standard restorative treatment in patients with distal tibia fractures in the late postoperative period. Material and methods. In the course of a randomized study, patients in the late postoperative period (68 weeks after surgery; n=40) were divided into two groups: the main group (n=20) received a standard rehabilitation treatment regimen and osteopathic treatment (correction of identified somatic dysfunctions); the comparison group (n=20) only the standard rehabilitation treatment regimen. The amplitude of motion of the affected ankle joint was assessed using a goniometer, the level of pain in the affected ankle joint was assessed using a visual analogue scale, and the level of quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Data are presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation M (SD). When analyzing intergroup differences, the nonparametric MannWhitney test (U-test) was used; when analyzing intragroup differences, the nonparametric Wilcoxon test (W-test) was used. The critical level of statistical significance was taken as 5% (p=0.05). Results. The addition of osteopathic treatment to the standard scheme led to a significant decrease in the level of pain (0.3 points in the main group, 1.5 points in the comparison group; p=0.0026), an increase in the amplitude of active movements in the ankle joint (64.7 in the main group, 51.8 in the comparison group; p=0.000217), improvement in the quality of life physical functioning (an increase in the indicator in the main group by 39 points, in the comparison group by 26 points), general health (an increase in the indicator in the main group by 47 points, in the comparison group by 28 points). Conclusion. Combined treatment (standard plus osteopathic) improves the results of restorative treatment compared with standard therapy alone in patients with fractures of the distal tibia in the late postoperative period.
{"title":"Evaluation of osteopathic treatment of patients with distal tibia fractures in the late postoperative period","authors":"Irina A. Egorova, Artem V. Dyupin, Aleksandr A. Liverko, A. Chervotok, Mariya N. Filimonova","doi":"10.17816/kmj237553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj237553","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The postoperative period is often accompanied by pain and limited mobility in the ankle joint. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of additional rehabilitation methods in the late postoperative period. \u0000Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of complex (standard + osteopathic) treatment compared with standard restorative treatment in patients with distal tibia fractures in the late postoperative period. \u0000Material and methods. In the course of a randomized study, patients in the late postoperative period (68 weeks after surgery; n=40) were divided into two groups: the main group (n=20) received a standard rehabilitation treatment regimen and osteopathic treatment (correction of identified somatic dysfunctions); the comparison group (n=20) only the standard rehabilitation treatment regimen. The amplitude of motion of the affected ankle joint was assessed using a goniometer, the level of pain in the affected ankle joint was assessed using a visual analogue scale, and the level of quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Data are presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation M (SD). When analyzing intergroup differences, the nonparametric MannWhitney test (U-test) was used; when analyzing intragroup differences, the nonparametric Wilcoxon test (W-test) was used. The critical level of statistical significance was taken as 5% (p=0.05). \u0000Results. The addition of osteopathic treatment to the standard scheme led to a significant decrease in the level of pain (0.3 points in the main group, 1.5 points in the comparison group; p=0.0026), an increase in the amplitude of active movements in the ankle joint (64.7 in the main group, 51.8 in the comparison group; p=0.000217), improvement in the quality of life physical functioning (an increase in the indicator in the main group by 39 points, in the comparison group by 26 points), general health (an increase in the indicator in the main group by 47 points, in the comparison group by 28 points). \u0000Conclusion. Combined treatment (standard plus osteopathic) improves the results of restorative treatment compared with standard therapy alone in patients with fractures of the distal tibia in the late postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81045889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Cashin AG, Wand BM, O'Connell NE, Lee H, Rizzo RRN, Bagg MK, O'Hagan E, Maher CG, Furlan AD, van Tulder MW, McAuley JH. Pharmacological treatments for low back pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2023. Issue 4. Art. No.: CD013815. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013815.pub2.
本出版物是Cochrane系统评价的简明语言摘要(PLS)的俄语翻译:Cashin AG, Wand BM, O'Connell NE, Lee H, Rizzo RRN, Bagg MK, O'Hagan E, Maher CG, Furlan AD, van Tulder MW, McAuley JH。成人腰痛的药物治疗:Cochrane综述。Cochrane数据库系统评价。2023。问题4。艺术。不。: CD013815。cd013815.pub2 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.。
{"title":"Pharmacological treatments for low back pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews","authors":"- - -","doi":"10.17816/kmj456421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj456421","url":null,"abstract":"This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Cashin AG, Wand BM, O'Connell NE, Lee H, Rizzo RRN, Bagg MK, O'Hagan E, Maher CG, Furlan AD, van Tulder MW, McAuley JH. Pharmacological treatments for low back pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2023. Issue 4. Art. No.: CD013815. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013815.pub2.","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88411117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. The level of awareness of future doctors is an important factor that can further affect the quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorders. The problem has both scientific significance due to the lack of such studies in domestic science, and practical significance for identifying problem areas in the system of pediatric education. Aim. To identify the level of awareness of pediatric faculties students about autism spectrum disorders, methods for their diagnosis and treatment, technologies for non-medical intervention. Material and methods. A questionnaire, aimed at identifying the awareness of medical students about autism, methods of its diagnosis, patient routing and self-assessment of knowledge, was developed. The questionnaire included 29 questions, which could be conditionally divided into blocks: questions on knowledge about autism, action scenarios and routing, self-assessment of awareness of autism spectrum disorders, assessment of environmental components for children with such disorders, passport. Data collection was carried out using Google forms. The survey involved 408 students of pediatric faculties of 7 Russian medical universities of Kazan, Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Izhevsk, Kirov. The survey was conducted in December 2020. The type of research can be defined as a questionnaire survey, which was carried out in two stages (field and analytical) from December 2020 to March 2021. The survey was conducted among 14th year (144 people), 5th year (116 people) and 6th year students (125 people). The selection of subgroups was due to the specifics of the educational process: until the second semester of the 4th year, pediatric students do not study disciplines related to the problem of autism spectrum disorders, 5th year students study neurology and psychiatry, 6th year students additionally have experience in outpatient practice. The obtained data were processed using the SPSS package. Results. Officially accepted in Russia at the time of the survey, the medical interpretation of autism spectrum disorders as a group of complex disintegrative disorders of mental development was indicated by only a third (32.8%) of the medical students surveyed. Another part of the respondents (28.7%) considered autism to be a genetic disorder in the development of the nervous system due to the lack of inhibition of certain genes. The high proportion of students (21.1%) who define autism as mental retardation associated with socio-pedagogical neglect, causes concern. Senior students were more likely to give more relevant answers about the factors of autism spectrum disorders (2=22.318 at p=0.034). Only 14.2% of students were able to indicate the age of the child for screening the risk of such disorders, 19.1% correctly named the scale used for screening. 71.3% of students did not know about non-medical interventions for autism spectrum disorders, more than 90% did not have information about institutions tha
{"title":"Awareness of medical students about autism spectrum disorders","authors":"L. M. Mukharyamova, Z. Saveleva","doi":"10.17816/kmj456419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/kmj456419","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The level of awareness of future doctors is an important factor that can further affect the quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorders. The problem has both scientific significance due to the lack of such studies in domestic science, and practical significance for identifying problem areas in the system of pediatric education. \u0000Aim. To identify the level of awareness of pediatric faculties students about autism spectrum disorders, methods for their diagnosis and treatment, technologies for non-medical intervention. \u0000Material and methods. A questionnaire, aimed at identifying the awareness of medical students about autism, methods of its diagnosis, patient routing and self-assessment of knowledge, was developed. The questionnaire included 29 questions, which could be conditionally divided into blocks: questions on knowledge about autism, action scenarios and routing, self-assessment of awareness of autism spectrum disorders, assessment of environmental components for children with such disorders, passport. Data collection was carried out using Google forms. The survey involved 408 students of pediatric faculties of 7 Russian medical universities of Kazan, Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Izhevsk, Kirov. The survey was conducted in December 2020. The type of research can be defined as a questionnaire survey, which was carried out in two stages (field and analytical) from December 2020 to March 2021. The survey was conducted among 14th year (144 people), 5th year (116 people) and 6th year students (125 people). The selection of subgroups was due to the specifics of the educational process: until the second semester of the 4th year, pediatric students do not study disciplines related to the problem of autism spectrum disorders, 5th year students study neurology and psychiatry, 6th year students additionally have experience in outpatient practice. The obtained data were processed using the SPSS package. \u0000Results. Officially accepted in Russia at the time of the survey, the medical interpretation of autism spectrum disorders as a group of complex disintegrative disorders of mental development was indicated by only a third (32.8%) of the medical students surveyed. Another part of the respondents (28.7%) considered autism to be a genetic disorder in the development of the nervous system due to the lack of inhibition of certain genes. The high proportion of students (21.1%) who define autism as mental retardation associated with socio-pedagogical neglect, causes concern. Senior students were more likely to give more relevant answers about the factors of autism spectrum disorders (2=22.318 at p=0.034). Only 14.2% of students were able to indicate the age of the child for screening the risk of such disorders, 19.1% correctly named the scale used for screening. 71.3% of students did not know about non-medical interventions for autism spectrum disorders, more than 90% did not have information about institutions tha","PeriodicalId":17750,"journal":{"name":"Kazan medical journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82697512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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