Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.2.100
Arimah Arimah, R. Dewanti-Hariyadi, Lilis Nuraida
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin that can be found in coffee. This study aimed to obtain the processing steps commonly applied by coffee shops in Indonesia, calculate the level of OTA in coffee bean and ground coffee, and the risk estimate of OTA exposure from ground coffee in Indonesia. The processing steps were determined through an online survey while the level of OTA in coffee was calculated from available references. The consumption level of ground coffee was determined from the Indonesia total diet study report and the exposure assessment was carried out by deterministic approach. The risk estimates were expressed as % risk towards provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) and margin of exposure (MOE). Based on the survey of coffee shops (n=20), ground coffee is commonly processed using dry method consisting of cherries sorting, sun drying, roasting and grinding. Ground coffee was the most common coffee consumed by adults. Based on references from countries with climate similar to Indonesia, the level of OTA in coffee bean ranged from 0.033 to 168 μg/kg with an average of 12.25 μg/kg and 0.018-55 μg/kg in ground coffee averaging at 5.60 μg/kg. The individual exposure to OTA from drinking coffee is 0.014-0.744 ng/kg bw/day. The risk estimates shows that risk of ochratoxin A from ground coffee consumption is low, with risk percentage of <100 % provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) and a MOE of higher than 10000 for all age groups. The study suggested that adults (19-55 years) have higher exposure and risk than the other age groups.
{"title":"Estimasi Risiko Okratoksin A dari Konsumsi Kopi Bubuk di Indonesia","authors":"Arimah Arimah, R. Dewanti-Hariyadi, Lilis Nuraida","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.2.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.2.100","url":null,"abstract":"Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin that can be found in coffee. This study aimed to obtain the processing steps commonly applied by coffee shops in Indonesia, calculate the level of OTA in coffee bean and ground coffee, and the risk estimate of OTA exposure from ground coffee in Indonesia. The processing steps were determined through an online survey while the level of OTA in coffee was calculated from available references. The consumption level of ground coffee was determined from the Indonesia total diet study report and the exposure assessment was carried out by deterministic approach. The risk estimates were expressed as % risk towards provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) and margin of exposure (MOE). Based on the survey of coffee shops (n=20), ground coffee is commonly processed using dry method consisting of cherries sorting, sun drying, roasting and grinding. Ground coffee was the most common coffee consumed by adults. Based on references from countries with climate similar to Indonesia, the level of OTA in coffee bean ranged from 0.033 to 168 μg/kg with an average of 12.25 μg/kg and 0.018-55 μg/kg in ground coffee averaging at 5.60 μg/kg. The individual exposure to OTA from drinking coffee is 0.014-0.744 ng/kg bw/day. The risk estimates shows that risk of ochratoxin A from ground coffee consumption is low, with risk percentage of <100 % provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) and a MOE of higher than 10000 for all age groups. The study suggested that adults (19-55 years) have higher exposure and risk than the other age groups.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48426256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.2.119
Christina Mumpuni Erawati, Ardhia Deasy Rosita Dewi
Covid-19 pandemic had limited people’s movement despite the demand to remain productive and maintain good health. Therefore, it was necessary to provide foods which are easy to distribute, durable, nutritious, and easily transformable to increase immunity. This research aims to develop a composite flour (TK) formula with optimal proportion of wheat flour (TT), snakehead fish flour (TIG), pumpkin flour (TBuL), and pumpkin seed flour (TBiL) which then enriched with zinc. The resulting TK is expected to be used as an ingredient for nutritious snacks containing high protein and zinc. The research was conducted in four stages, namely the making of each constituent flour, determining the best formulation with the Response Surface Methodology using Central Composite Design model, characterizing the physicochemical properties of TK and making meatballs, biscuits, and unting-unting from the TK. The three products were tested on experimental animals for their metabolic responses. The optimization of the formula resulted in three optimal formulations, namely formula A, B, and C with the proportion of TT:TIG:TBuL:TBiL respectively as follows 55:20:15:10; 56.65:20:13.35:10; 57.98:20:12.02:10. The most optimal formula of composite flour was formula A with the highest protein (26.12%) and zinc (18.06 mg/kg) content among other formulas. Then, zinc was added into Formula A using microencapsulation, and TK with protein content of 26.74% and zinc of 56.8 mg/kg were obtained. The histopatology observation on experimental animals showed that the three products made from TK did not cause necrosis of the liver or cell infiltration in the kidneys.
{"title":"Optimasi Formula Tepung Komposit Tinggi Protein dan Seng dengan Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Christina Mumpuni Erawati, Ardhia Deasy Rosita Dewi","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.2.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.2.119","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 pandemic had limited people’s movement despite the demand to remain productive and maintain good health. Therefore, it was necessary to provide foods which are easy to distribute, durable, nutritious, and easily transformable to increase immunity. This research aims to develop a composite flour (TK) formula with optimal proportion of wheat flour (TT), snakehead fish flour (TIG), pumpkin flour (TBuL), and pumpkin seed flour (TBiL) which then enriched with zinc. The resulting TK is expected to be used as an ingredient for nutritious snacks containing high protein and zinc. The research was conducted in four stages, namely the making of each constituent flour, determining the best formulation with the Response Surface Methodology using Central Composite Design model, characterizing the physicochemical properties of TK and making meatballs, biscuits, and unting-unting from the TK. The three products were tested on experimental animals for their metabolic responses. The optimization of the formula resulted in three optimal formulations, namely formula A, B, and C with the proportion of TT:TIG:TBuL:TBiL respectively as follows 55:20:15:10; 56.65:20:13.35:10; 57.98:20:12.02:10. The most optimal formula of composite flour was formula A with the highest protein (26.12%) and zinc (18.06 mg/kg) content among other formulas. Then, zinc was added into Formula A using microencapsulation, and TK with protein content of 26.74% and zinc of 56.8 mg/kg were obtained. The histopatology observation on experimental animals showed that the three products made from TK did not cause necrosis of the liver or cell infiltration in the kidneys.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47301308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.21
Citra Pratiwi Prayitno, A. Wijaya, F. Pratama, A. Yanuriati
Mayonnaise contains a substantial amount of fat and water. Therefore, it is easily degraded during storage. Reducing fat and moisture content in mayonnaise could extend its shelf life. It can be done by replacing the egg yolk to octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)-corn starch and then forming it as a premixed block using a binding agent. The research objective was to obtain technology for low-fat mayonnaise making by OSA-cornstarch and corn starch addition but still acceptable by consumers based on its physicochemical and sensory characteristics. The low fat premixed mayonnaise was made by mixing the egg yolks and/or OSA-corn starch, corn starch, mustard, sugar, salt, and xanthan gum. A completely randomized research design was used with three levels of OSA-corn starch (0, 25, and 50%) to replace egg yolk and its combination with corn starch as a binder agent at 43 and 50%. The parameters analyzed on the premixed mayonnaise blocks included moisture and fat content, water absorption index, and water solubility. In contrast, parameters for constituted mayonnaise were moisture content, viscosity, and hedonic sensory analysis by 25 semi-trained panelists. The constituting step of the mayonnaise was the further addition of water, oil, and lime juice before serving. The data were analyzed with ANOVA. The results showed that OSA-corn starch and corn starch addition could reduce the fat content of premixed mayonnaise by 41.7% which was obtained from 50% OSA-corn starch and addition of 43% corn starch. The resulted mayonnaise was slightly liked by the semi-trained panelists (scored 3).
{"title":"Low Fat Premixed Mayonnaise Block Used OSA-Corn Starch as Egg Yolk Replacer Plus Corn Starch Binding Agent","authors":"Citra Pratiwi Prayitno, A. Wijaya, F. Pratama, A. Yanuriati","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Mayonnaise contains a substantial amount of fat and water. Therefore, it is easily degraded during storage. Reducing fat and moisture content in mayonnaise could extend its shelf life. It can be done by replacing the egg yolk to octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)-corn starch and then forming it as a premixed block using a binding agent. The research objective was to obtain technology for low-fat mayonnaise making by OSA-cornstarch and corn starch addition but still acceptable by consumers based on its physicochemical and sensory characteristics. The low fat premixed mayonnaise was made by mixing the egg yolks and/or OSA-corn starch, corn starch, mustard, sugar, salt, and xanthan gum. A completely randomized research design was used with three levels of OSA-corn starch (0, 25, and 50%) to replace egg yolk and its combination with corn starch as a binder agent at 43 and 50%. The parameters analyzed on the premixed mayonnaise blocks included moisture and fat content, water absorption index, and water solubility. In contrast, parameters for constituted mayonnaise were moisture content, viscosity, and hedonic sensory analysis by 25 semi-trained panelists. The constituting step of the mayonnaise was the further addition of water, oil, and lime juice before serving. The data were analyzed with ANOVA. The results showed that OSA-corn starch and corn starch addition could reduce the fat content of premixed mayonnaise by 41.7% which was obtained from 50% OSA-corn starch and addition of 43% corn starch. The resulted mayonnaise was slightly liked by the semi-trained panelists (scored 3).","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45533000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.77
C. H. Wijaya, Sigit Suharta, Dase Hunaefi, Yasuyuki Hashidoko†
Sanshool compounds are the trigeminal active compounds in andaliman (Zanthoxylum acantho-podium DC) with a numbing and tingling sensation. The analysis of such compounds is usually done through HPLC approach; however, limited studies have reported that the analysis of such compounds could be conducted with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). This method could save research time and funding by analyzing both sanshools and volatiles simultaneously, which would describe the complete profile of andaliman flavor compounds. This study aimed to confirm the potency of GC-MS in analyzing sanshool compounds and to utilize this method in studying the impact of different drying methods towards andaliman trigeminal active compounds. Andaliman was dried with five drying methods (sun, sunshade, air, oven, and freeze-drying) and was macerated with chloroform, concentrated, and analyzed with GC-MS. The results of this study showed that GC-MS was able to analyze sanshool compounds efficiently. Drying had no statistically significant impact on sanshool quantities extracted from andaliman. Fresh andaliman contained 0.69 % (dry weight basis) of α-sanshool, the main sanshool in andaliman. On the other hand, dried andaliman contained 0.80-1.08% of α-sanshool (dry weight basis). As oven drying managed to produce andaliman with a similar concentration of α-sanshool at a faster time and more affordable cost than other drying methods, oven drying was suggested as the ideal drying method to extend the shelf life of andaliman.
{"title":"Analisis Senyawa Aktif Trigeminal Andaliman dengan Variasi Metode Pengeringan dengan Pendekatan GC-MS","authors":"C. H. Wijaya, Sigit Suharta, Dase Hunaefi, Yasuyuki Hashidoko†","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.77","url":null,"abstract":"Sanshool compounds are the trigeminal active compounds in andaliman (Zanthoxylum acantho-podium DC) with a numbing and tingling sensation. The analysis of such compounds is usually done through HPLC approach; however, limited studies have reported that the analysis of such compounds could be conducted with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). This method could save research time and funding by analyzing both sanshools and volatiles simultaneously, which would describe the complete profile of andaliman flavor compounds. This study aimed to confirm the potency of GC-MS in analyzing sanshool compounds and to utilize this method in studying the impact of different drying methods towards andaliman trigeminal active compounds. Andaliman was dried with five drying methods (sun, sunshade, air, oven, and freeze-drying) and was macerated with chloroform, concentrated, and analyzed with GC-MS. The results of this study showed that GC-MS was able to analyze sanshool compounds efficiently. Drying had no statistically significant impact on sanshool quantities extracted from andaliman. Fresh andaliman contained 0.69 % (dry weight basis) of α-sanshool, the main sanshool in andaliman. On the other hand, dried andaliman contained 0.80-1.08% of α-sanshool (dry weight basis). As oven drying managed to produce andaliman with a similar concentration of α-sanshool at a faster time and more affordable cost than other drying methods, oven drying was suggested as the ideal drying method to extend the shelf life of andaliman.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46733574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sweet potato is a local food that can be used to support food diversification programs. It can be used as a raw material to produce a diverse type of food products, for example noodles. The addition of sago starch and banggai starch to sweet potato noodle dough is to improve the quality of noodles because these two starches are more prone to retrograde. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of starch type, extrusion temperature, and water addition on the sweet potato noodles’ quality. The types of starch added were sago starch and banggai starch, with extrusion temperature settings, which were 90 and 95°C, and the water additions were 40 and 35%. Analysis was carried out on the characterization of the flour and physical properties of sweet potato noodles. The best noodle processing conditions were with the addition of 15% sago starch, 95°C extrusion temperature, and 40% water added. This formula produced sweet potato noodles with low brightness, having redness and yellowish colour. It had a hardness value above 3000 g, with higher elasticity and elongation than the other formulas, and also had lower adhesiveness and cooking loss value.
{"title":"Karakteristik Mi Berbasis Ubi Jalar dengan Substitusi Pati Sagu atau Pati Ubi Banggai","authors":"Karsi Ambarwati, Elvira Syamsir, Sedarnawati Yasni","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet potato is a local food that can be used to support food diversification programs. It can be used as a raw material to produce a diverse type of food products, for example noodles. The addition of sago starch and banggai starch to sweet potato noodle dough is to improve the quality of noodles because these two starches are more prone to retrograde. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of starch type, extrusion temperature, and water addition on the sweet potato noodles’ quality. The types of starch added were sago starch and banggai starch, with extrusion temperature settings, which were 90 and 95°C, and the water additions were 40 and 35%. Analysis was carried out on the characterization of the flour and physical properties of sweet potato noodles. The best noodle processing conditions were with the addition of 15% sago starch, 95°C extrusion temperature, and 40% water added. This formula produced sweet potato noodles with low brightness, having redness and yellowish colour. It had a hardness value above 3000 g, with higher elasticity and elongation than the other formulas, and also had lower adhesiveness and cooking loss value.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43261646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.60
Alfia Aretzy, Elvira Syamsir, A. B. Sitanggang
Tofu whey is a by-product obtained during tofu production that contains proteins and peptides, soluble carbohydrates, soy isoflavone, and minerals. This research aimed to characterize the functional properties of whey protein from tofu through separation using membranes with different pore sizes. The permeate resulted from Whatman No. 3 filtration was subjected to acidity (pH) and protein content measurement, while its protein profile was characterized by SDS-PAGE. electrophoresis. Additionally, this permeate was further sieved using ultrafiltration membranes with 30, 10, and 5 kDa cut-off. The corresponding filtrates were analyzed for antioxidant activity, isoflavone content, and ACE inhibitor activity. The tofu whey had a pH of 3.14, crude protein of 2 g/100 g sample, and soluble protein content of 1.47mg/mL. The separation of protein bands using SDS-PAGE showed that the dominant protein or peptides in tofu whey had molecular weights below 18 kDa. The use of ultrafiltration membranes could increase the bioactivity of permeates. The filtrate resulting from the smallest membrane cut-off (i.e., 5 kDa) had a higher antioxidant activity, isoflavone content, and ACE inhibitory activity.
{"title":"Karakterisasi Aktivitas Fungsional Senyawa Bioaktif dari Whey Hasil Samping Produksi Tahu","authors":"Alfia Aretzy, Elvira Syamsir, A. B. Sitanggang","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.60","url":null,"abstract":"Tofu whey is a by-product obtained during tofu production that contains proteins and peptides, soluble carbohydrates, soy isoflavone, and minerals. This research aimed to characterize the functional properties of whey protein from tofu through separation using membranes with different pore sizes. The permeate resulted from Whatman No. 3 filtration was subjected to acidity (pH) and protein content measurement, while its protein profile was characterized by SDS-PAGE. electrophoresis. Additionally, this permeate was further sieved using ultrafiltration membranes with 30, 10, and 5 kDa cut-off. The corresponding filtrates were analyzed for antioxidant activity, isoflavone content, and ACE inhibitor activity. The tofu whey had a pH of 3.14, crude protein of 2 g/100 g sample, and soluble protein content of 1.47mg/mL. The separation of protein bands using SDS-PAGE showed that the dominant protein or peptides in tofu whey had molecular weights below 18 kDa. The use of ultrafiltration membranes could increase the bioactivity of permeates. The filtrate resulting from the smallest membrane cut-off (i.e., 5 kDa) had a higher antioxidant activity, isoflavone content, and ACE inhibitory activity.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47619971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.87
FaycaRudhatin Swartidyana, N. D. Yuliana, I. K. M. Adnyane, J. Hermanianto, I. Jaswir
Beef price is relatively expensive, which makes this commodity vulnerable to be counterfeited. The development of rapid, cheap and robust analytical methods for meats authentication has therefore become increasingly important. In this study, colorimetric and digital image analysis methods were used to characterize and classify four types of meat (beef, buffalo, pork, wild boar) and two muscle types from each sample (Semitendinosus and Vastus lateralis). Multivariate data analysis (PCA and OPLS-DA) was used to observe classification pattern among species using different color parameters data obtained from meat chromameter and digital image measurement. The results showed that PCA and OPLS-DA successfully classified meat from different species and different muscle type based on color, both in chromameter and in image analysis. It was shown that pork had the highest lightness level, and was the most different among the four types of meat tested. Beef was predominated by yellowish color, while buffalo meat had the highest reddish color level. Semitendinosus and Vastus lateralis muscles had different color intensity where Vastus lateralis exhibited darker color intensity. This study showed that meat color analysis using chromameter and imaging techniques can be used as cheap and quick tools to discriminate meats form different species and different muscles type.
{"title":"Differentiation of beef, buffalo, pork, and wild boar meats using colorimetric and digital image analysis coupled with multivariate data analysis","authors":"FaycaRudhatin Swartidyana, N. D. Yuliana, I. K. M. Adnyane, J. Hermanianto, I. Jaswir","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.87","url":null,"abstract":"Beef price is relatively expensive, which makes this commodity vulnerable to be counterfeited. The development of rapid, cheap and robust analytical methods for meats authentication has therefore become increasingly important. In this study, colorimetric and digital image analysis methods were used to characterize and classify four types of meat (beef, buffalo, pork, wild boar) and two muscle types from each sample (Semitendinosus and Vastus lateralis). Multivariate data analysis (PCA and OPLS-DA) was used to observe classification pattern among species using different color parameters data obtained from meat chromameter and digital image measurement. The results showed that PCA and OPLS-DA successfully classified meat from different species and different muscle type based on color, both in chromameter and in image analysis. It was shown that pork had the highest lightness level, and was the most different among the four types of meat tested. Beef was predominated by yellowish color, while buffalo meat had the highest reddish color level. Semitendinosus and Vastus lateralis muscles had different color intensity where Vastus lateralis exhibited darker color intensity. This study showed that meat color analysis using chromameter and imaging techniques can be used as cheap and quick tools to discriminate meats form different species and different muscles type.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49613694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.52
Riyanti Ekafitri, D. Desnilasari, Rhestu Isworo, D. Affandi, Rohmah Lutfiyanti
Beans are good protein sources for producing banana bars for emergency foods. According to the previous reports, the baking temperatures and times affect the quality of the banana bar. This study aims to evaluate the effect of bean flour types (soybean, mung, and winged bean) as well as the baking temperatures and times on the banana bars chemical characteristics, organoleptic, and microbiological quality. The above three bean flour types were used, and three baking methods were also compared. The baking processes were (1) 40 min at 120°C followed by 10 min at 100°C, (2) 40 min at 125°C and (3) 40 min at 105°C followed by 10 min at 120°C. Additionally, the proximate, total energy, organoleptic, and total bacterial counts were evaluated. The results showed that all banana bars can be classified as high-energy foods based on protein, fat, carbohydrate, and total energy. The organoleptic properties using different baking methods were not significantly different, and the highest score was found in the banana bar added with mung bean flour. In addition, the total bacterial count all products did not exceed the standard.
{"title":"The Effect of Beans and Baking on Banana Bar Qualities","authors":"Riyanti Ekafitri, D. Desnilasari, Rhestu Isworo, D. Affandi, Rohmah Lutfiyanti","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.52","url":null,"abstract":"Beans are good protein sources for producing banana bars for emergency foods. According to the previous reports, the baking temperatures and times affect the quality of the banana bar. This study aims to evaluate the effect of bean flour types (soybean, mung, and winged bean) as well as the baking temperatures and times on the banana bars chemical characteristics, organoleptic, and microbiological quality. The above three bean flour types were used, and three baking methods were also compared. The baking processes were (1) 40 min at 120°C followed by 10 min at 100°C, (2) 40 min at 125°C and (3) 40 min at 105°C followed by 10 min at 120°C. Additionally, the proximate, total energy, organoleptic, and total bacterial counts were evaluated. The results showed that all banana bars can be classified as high-energy foods based on protein, fat, carbohydrate, and total energy. The organoleptic properties using different baking methods were not significantly different, and the highest score was found in the banana bar added with mung bean flour. In addition, the total bacterial count all products did not exceed the standard.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48594902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.39
Dirayati Hanifah, N. Andarwulan, Dian Herawati
Liberica coffee is one of the coffee species in commercial trade in Indonesia. The coffee is produced in Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi, Indonesia which distributed into 5 sub-districts (Betara, Bram Itam, Kuala Betara, Pengabuan, Senyerang). Information about liberica coffee from Jambi is still limited, thus more exploration is needed. The objectives of this study were to characterize the morphology of the leaf and fruit, the physicochemical characteristics which include the dimension (length, width, thickness), mass, bulk density, colour (L*, a*, b*), moisture contents, TSS (total soluble solids), pH, and antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC50, FRAP) of green and roasted (commercial level) liberica coffee from the above 5 sub-districts. The studies showed that liberica coffee from 5 sub-districts in Tanjung Jabung Barat Rgency, Jambi had various leaf and fruit appearances which were characterized by various size and colour of coffee cherries. Green coffee from different sub-districts owned various physicochemical (width, volume, mass, bulk density, moisture content, TSS) and antioxidant capacity of green coffee. Green coffee from Betara and Pengabuan were associated with high TSS, L* and b* value, while green coffee from Bram Itam and Senyerang were associated with high mass, moisture content and a* value. The highest anti-oxidant capacity was produced by green coffee from Betara and Kuala Betara (DPPH IC50). Meanwhile, roasted coffee produced from green coffee from the 5 sub-districts with similar roasting level (similar L*) produced similar a*, b* value, mass and TSS. However, physicochemical characteristics (length, width, volume, bulk density, moisture content) and antioxidant capacity of these roasted beans varied.
Liberica咖啡是印度尼西亚商业贸易中的咖啡品种之一。咖啡产于印度尼西亚占碑丹戎贾邦巴拉特县，分布在5个分区（Betara、Bram Itam、Kuala Betara、Pengabuan、Senyerang）。关于来自占碑的liberica咖啡的信息仍然有限，因此需要更多的探索。本研究的目的是表征叶片和果实的形态，包括尺寸（长度、宽度、厚度）、质量、堆积密度、颜色（L*、a*、b*）、水分含量、TSS（总可溶性固体）、pH、，以及来自上述5个分区的绿咖啡和烤咖啡（商业水平）的抗氧化能力（DPPH-IC50、FRAP）。研究表明，来自占碑丹戎Jabung Barat Rgency 5个分区的liberica咖啡具有不同的叶子和果实外观，其特征是咖啡樱桃的大小和颜色不同。不同分区的绿咖啡具有不同的理化性质（宽度、体积、质量、堆积密度、含水量、TSS）和抗氧化能力。Betara和Pengabuan的绿咖啡与高TSS、L*和b*值有关，而Bram Itam和Senyerang的绿咖啡则与高质量、高水分和高a*值有关。Betara和Kuala Betara的生咖啡抗氧化能力最高（DPPH IC50）。同时，来自5个烘焙水平相似（L*相似）的分区的生咖啡生产的烘焙咖啡产生了相似的a*、b*值、质量和TSS。然而，这些烤豆的物理化学特性（长度、宽度、体积、堆积密度、水分含量）和抗氧化能力各不相同。
{"title":"Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Kapasitas Antioksidan Kopi Liberika dari Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi","authors":"Dirayati Hanifah, N. Andarwulan, Dian Herawati","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.39","url":null,"abstract":"Liberica coffee is one of the coffee species in commercial trade in Indonesia. The coffee is produced in Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi, Indonesia which distributed into 5 sub-districts (Betara, Bram Itam, Kuala Betara, Pengabuan, Senyerang). Information about liberica coffee from Jambi is still limited, thus more exploration is needed. The objectives of this study were to characterize the morphology of the leaf and fruit, the physicochemical characteristics which include the dimension (length, width, thickness), mass, bulk density, colour (L*, a*, b*), moisture contents, TSS (total soluble solids), pH, and antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC50, FRAP) of green and roasted (commercial level) liberica coffee from the above 5 sub-districts. The studies showed that liberica coffee from 5 sub-districts in Tanjung Jabung Barat Rgency, Jambi had various leaf and fruit appearances which were characterized by various size and colour of coffee cherries. Green coffee from different sub-districts owned various physicochemical (width, volume, mass, bulk density, moisture content, TSS) and antioxidant capacity of green coffee. Green coffee from Betara and Pengabuan were associated with high TSS, L* and b* value, while green coffee from Bram Itam and Senyerang were associated with high mass, moisture content and a* value. The highest anti-oxidant capacity was produced by green coffee from Betara and Kuala Betara (DPPH IC50). Meanwhile, roasted coffee produced from green coffee from the 5 sub-districts with similar roasting level (similar L*) produced similar a*, b* value, mass and TSS. However, physicochemical characteristics (length, width, volume, bulk density, moisture content) and antioxidant capacity of these roasted beans varied.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42996626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Black garlic is produced by processing multi-bulb garlic (Allium sativum) or single-bulb garlic in high temperature and high humidity for several days. Black garlic has many health benefits, such as an antioxidant activity resulting from its compound, including groups of flavonoid and phenolic compounds. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aging time on multi-bulb and single-bulb black garlic on the content of total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity. Black garlic was processed at a 60-70°C heating temperature and 70-80% relative humidity for 25 days. Determination of total phenol and flavonoid contents was conducted using spectrophotometric methods with gallic acid as a standard of total phenolic and quercetin as a standard of flavonoid, while the antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical reduction. The results showed that total phenolic contents (% w/w GAE), flavonoids contents (% w/w QE), and EC50 values at 0 until day 25 increased on a particular day in multi-bulb and single-bulb black garlic. The optimal total phenolic content of both black garlic was obtained by heating for 20 days, flavonoid content of multi-bulb garlic for 10 days, and single-bulb black garlic for 15 days. Highest antioxidant activity was obtained on days 20 and 25 for single-bulb black garlic and multi-bulb black garlic, respectively. The aging time of black garlic affects total phenolic, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. In general, longer processing time caused an increase in the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of both black garlics. Multi-bulb black garlic showed higher phenolic or flavonoid content and antioxidant activity than single-bulb black garlic.
{"title":"The Effects of Processing Time on the Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Multi Bulb and Single Bulb Black Garlic","authors":"Alfian Hendra Krisnawan, R. Budiono, Albina Natarika, Arum Mirani, Novia Andarini","doi":"10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2022.33.1.69","url":null,"abstract":"Black garlic is produced by processing multi-bulb garlic (Allium sativum) or single-bulb garlic in high temperature and high humidity for several days. Black garlic has many health benefits, such as an antioxidant activity resulting from its compound, including groups of flavonoid and phenolic compounds. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aging time on multi-bulb and single-bulb black garlic on the content of total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity. Black garlic was processed at a 60-70°C heating temperature and 70-80% relative humidity for 25 days. Determination of total phenol and flavonoid contents was conducted using spectrophotometric methods with gallic acid as a standard of total phenolic and quercetin as a standard of flavonoid, while the antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical reduction. The results showed that total phenolic contents (% w/w GAE), flavonoids contents (% w/w QE), and EC50 values at 0 until day 25 increased on a particular day in multi-bulb and single-bulb black garlic. The optimal total phenolic content of both black garlic was obtained by heating for 20 days, flavonoid content of multi-bulb garlic for 10 days, and single-bulb black garlic for 15 days. Highest antioxidant activity was obtained on days 20 and 25 for single-bulb black garlic and multi-bulb black garlic, respectively. The aging time of black garlic affects total phenolic, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. In general, longer processing time caused an increase in the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of both black garlics. Multi-bulb black garlic showed higher phenolic or flavonoid content and antioxidant activity than single-bulb black garlic.","PeriodicalId":17790,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42077434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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