Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2025
A. Irawan
Black Soldier Fly are natural antibiotics. It is expected that the use of BSF larvae in poultry rations as an alternative source of conventional protein will contribute to improving the immune status and maintaining animal health, thereby reducing the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the best type of BSF protein for determining the health status of laying hens based on the activity and capacity of macrophage phagocytosis on the non-protein A bacterium Staphyllococcus aureus. Results of this study indicated that the BSF extract (P3) has the highest phagocytic capacity value. This result proves that the BSF extract can induce macrophage cells to optimally process bacterial cells or foreign phagocyte particles. The highest average activity value, and phagocytic capacity of peritoneal macrophages was resulted from BSF extract (P3), respectively was 91.34 ± 0.38% and 22.84 macrophage-1 bacteria.
{"title":"Supplementation of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) on Activity and Capacity Phagocytic Macrophage of Laying Hens","authors":"A. Irawan","doi":"10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Black Soldier Fly are natural antibiotics. It is expected that the use of BSF larvae in poultry rations as an alternative source of conventional protein will contribute to improving the immune status and maintaining animal health, thereby reducing the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the best type of BSF protein for determining the health status of laying hens based on the activity and capacity of macrophage phagocytosis on the non-protein A bacterium Staphyllococcus aureus. Results of this study indicated that the BSF extract (P3) has the highest phagocytic capacity value. This result proves that the BSF extract can induce macrophage cells to optimally process bacterial cells or foreign phagocyte particles. The highest average activity value, and phagocytic capacity of peritoneal macrophages was resulted from BSF extract (P3), respectively was 91.34 ± 0.38% and 22.84 macrophage-1 bacteria.","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":"74 1","pages":"182-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67032430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2078
E. Kusumaningtyas, -. Masrianti, F. Fitrya
Rhizopus oligosporus (RO) in isolate culture was known to reduce contamination toxigenic mold Aspergillus flavus (AF) and aflatoxin B1 in chicken feed. Application in culture form was not effective. The aim of this research was to evaluate RO activities in extract and inoculum form to reduce contamination of AF and aflatoxin B1 in corn. RO was harvested from agar plate, blended, added with water (ratio 1:1 (w/v)) and centrifuged. Supernatant was filtered using Whatman 41. Inoculum was made by inoculation RO in soy powder and incubated at 28oC for 5 days. Inoculum was dried at 40oC for 24-28 hours. Assay was conducted by addition extract or inoculum to corn. Extract and corn ratio were 1:1 (v/w), while inoculum doses were 5, 25, 50, 1000 dan 200 g/kg corn. Assay for aflatoxin B1 was done using kit ELISA aflatoxin. The result of this research showed that extract was able to reduce AF contamination up to 1 log 10, while the less concentration of inoculum which able to inhibit AF up to 6 log 10 was 100 g/kg corn. Extract RO 125 and 250 mL/kg corn was able to reduce aflatoxin contamination by 93.69 % and 85.84 %. Inoculum at dose 5 and 100 g/kg corn was able to reduce aflatoxin 57.58% and 85%. Based on the result, it could be concluded that RO in extract or inoculum form was able to reduce contamination of AF and aflatoxin B1 in corn. Rhizopus as inoculum was easier to be applied than in extract form.
{"title":"Rhizopus oligosporus Activity in Crude Extract and Powder Form to Reduce Aspergillus flavus and Aflatoxin Contamination in Corn","authors":"E. Kusumaningtyas, -. Masrianti, F. Fitrya","doi":"10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2078","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizopus oligosporus (RO) in isolate culture was known to reduce contamination toxigenic mold Aspergillus flavus (AF) and aflatoxin B1 in chicken feed. Application in culture form was not effective. The aim of this research was to evaluate RO activities in extract and inoculum form to reduce contamination of AF and aflatoxin B1 in corn. RO was harvested from agar plate, blended, added with water (ratio 1:1 (w/v)) and centrifuged. Supernatant was filtered using Whatman 41. Inoculum was made by inoculation RO in soy powder and incubated at 28oC for 5 days. Inoculum was dried at 40oC for 24-28 hours. Assay was conducted by addition extract or inoculum to corn. Extract and corn ratio were 1:1 (v/w), while inoculum doses were 5, 25, 50, 1000 dan 200 g/kg corn. Assay for aflatoxin B1 was done using kit ELISA aflatoxin. The result of this research showed that extract was able to reduce AF contamination up to 1 log 10, while the less concentration of inoculum which able to inhibit AF up to 6 log 10 was 100 g/kg corn. Extract RO 125 and 250 mL/kg corn was able to reduce aflatoxin contamination by 93.69 % and 85.84 %. Inoculum at dose 5 and 100 g/kg corn was able to reduce aflatoxin 57.58% and 85%. Based on the result, it could be concluded that RO in extract or inoculum form was able to reduce contamination of AF and aflatoxin B1 in corn. Rhizopus as inoculum was easier to be applied than in extract form.","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47874086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2034
Ibrahim Abu El Naser
Data in this study were collected from live body weight records and milk yield for the first three lactations of Egyptian buffaloes maintained at the Mahallet Mousa Experimental Station of Animal Production Research Institute, relying on 987 records of Egyptian buffaloes spread over 16 years. These data were analyzed to estimate genetic parameters using animal model. Overall means in kilograms of BW, WW, W18, WFC, 1stMY, 2ndMY and 3rdMY were 36.56, 96.95, 322.02, 462.09, 1561.53, 1755 and 1837.71, respectively. Direct additive heritability (h2a) for mentioned traits were 0.31, 0.22, 0.24, 0.27, 0.23, 0.23 and 0.17, respectively. Corresponding computation of maternal heritability (h2m) for same traits were 0.39, 0.34, 0.22, 0.40, 0.29, 0.31 and 0.21, respectively. Evaluation of genetic correlations among different all studied traits were positive and ranged from 0.07 to 0.83, while phenotypic correlations were positive and ranged from 0.02 to 0.55. Accuracy of (PBV's) varying from 62 to 76, 62 to 83 and 41 to 77% for sires, cows and dams, successively; pointing out the genetic improvement could be achieved through any pathway of them. Higher direct and maternal heritability for BW and WFC and genetic correlations between first three lactations milk yield and each of BW and WFC higher than genetic correlations between first three lactations milk yield and WW and W18. Therefore, it is appropriate to select buffalo female calves for live body weight at birth than for live body weights at other ages.
{"title":"Assessment of Genetic Relationships between Growth Traits and Milk Yield in Egyptian Buffaloes","authors":"Ibrahim Abu El Naser","doi":"10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v24i4.2034","url":null,"abstract":"Data in this study were collected from live body weight records and milk yield for the first three lactations of Egyptian buffaloes maintained at the Mahallet Mousa Experimental Station of Animal Production Research Institute, relying on 987 records of Egyptian buffaloes spread over 16 years. These data were analyzed to estimate genetic parameters using animal model. Overall means in kilograms of BW, WW, W18, WFC, 1stMY, 2ndMY and 3rdMY were 36.56, 96.95, 322.02, 462.09, 1561.53, 1755 and 1837.71, respectively. Direct additive heritability (h2a) for mentioned traits were 0.31, 0.22, 0.24, 0.27, 0.23, 0.23 and 0.17, respectively. Corresponding computation of maternal heritability (h2m) for same traits were 0.39, 0.34, 0.22, 0.40, 0.29, 0.31 and 0.21, respectively. Evaluation of genetic correlations among different all studied traits were positive and ranged from 0.07 to 0.83, while phenotypic correlations were positive and ranged from 0.02 to 0.55. Accuracy of (PBV's) varying from 62 to 76, 62 to 83 and 41 to 77% for sires, cows and dams, successively; pointing out the genetic improvement could be achieved through any pathway of them. Higher direct and maternal heritability for BW and WFC and genetic correlations between first three lactations milk yield and each of BW and WFC higher than genetic correlations between first three lactations milk yield and WW and W18. Therefore, it is appropriate to select buffalo female calves for live body weight at birth than for live body weights at other ages.","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41448830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-24DOI: 10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1987
Sumarningsih Sumarningsih, S. Tarigan, Hemmatzadeh Farhid, J. Ignjatovic
Matrix 2 ectodomain (M2e) protein is a potential antigen for detection of influenza A virus infection in vaccinated poultry (DIVA test). However the M2e antigenicity and immune response it induces in either humans or animals are poorly understood. Seventeen M2e peptides and sixteen recombinant M2e (rM2e) proteins with amino acid (aa) changes introduced at position 10, 11, 12, 13 14, 16, 18 and 20 were compared by western blot (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using mouse anti-M2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 14C2, and anti-M2e peptide chicken and rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb). The mAb 14C had the best discriminating power and indicated that all six positions contributed to the M2e antigenicity. Position 11 was the important immunodominant and affected Mab14C binding to a greatest degree. Changes in the adjacent position 14, 16 and 18 also influenced the binding, and it detected regardless of the method (WB or ELISA), or the antigen used (M2e peptide or rM2e). For chicken pAb and rabbit pAb, the immunodominant aa was position 10 and the antibody reaction was not affected by aa change at 11. The binding of rabbit pAb was also affected by changes at 14 and 16, which confirm the contribution of these positions to the M2e antigenicity. Position 10 was the only important position for the binding of chicken pAb to M2e. Overall, the study showed that the M2e antigenic sites are located between residues 10 – 18 and that aa changes at position 10, 11, 12, 14, 16 and 18 may all affect the antibody binding within the M2e protein.
基质2外结构域(M2e)蛋白是一种潜在的抗原，可用于检测疫苗接种家禽的甲型流感病毒感染(DIVA试验)。然而，M2e抗原性及其在人或动物中诱导的免疫反应尚不清楚。采用小鼠抗m2单克隆抗体(mAb) 14C2和鸡兔抗M2e多肽多克隆抗体(pAb)，采用western blot (WB)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对17个M2e肽和16个重组M2e (rM2e)蛋白在10、11、12、13、14、16、18和20位引入氨基酸(aa)变化的蛋白进行比较。mAb 14C具有最好的鉴别能力，表明所有6个位点都参与了M2e抗原性。11号位点是重要的免疫显性位点，对Mab14C结合影响最大。相邻位置14、16和18的变化也影响了结合，无论采用WB或ELISA方法，或使用抗原(M2e肽或rM2e)，都能检测到。鸡pAb和兔pAb的免疫优势位点为第10位，第11位的aa变化不影响抗体反应。兔pAb的结合也受到14和16位点变化的影响，这证实了这些位点对M2e抗原性的贡献。位置10是鸡pAb与M2e结合的唯一重要位置。综上所述，研究表明M2e抗原位点位于残基10 - 18之间，而aa在10、11、12、14、16和18位的变化都可能影响M2e蛋白内抗体的结合。
{"title":"Characterisation of M2e Antigenicity using anti-M2 Monoclonal Antibody and anti-M2e Polyclonal Antibodies","authors":"Sumarningsih Sumarningsih, S. Tarigan, Hemmatzadeh Farhid, J. Ignjatovic","doi":"10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1987","url":null,"abstract":"Matrix 2 ectodomain (M2e) protein is a potential antigen for detection of influenza A virus infection in vaccinated poultry (DIVA test). However the M2e antigenicity and immune response it induces in either humans or animals are poorly understood. Seventeen M2e peptides and sixteen recombinant M2e (rM2e) proteins with amino acid (aa) changes introduced at position 10, 11, 12, 13 14, 16, 18 and 20 were compared by western blot (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using mouse anti-M2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 14C2, and anti-M2e peptide chicken and rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb). The mAb 14C had the best discriminating power and indicated that all six positions contributed to the M2e antigenicity. Position 11 was the important immunodominant and affected Mab14C binding to a greatest degree. Changes in the adjacent position 14, 16 and 18 also influenced the binding, and it detected regardless of the method (WB or ELISA), or the antigen used (M2e peptide or rM2e). For chicken pAb and rabbit pAb, the immunodominant aa was position 10 and the antibody reaction was not affected by aa change at 11. The binding of rabbit pAb was also affected by changes at 14 and 16, which confirm the contribution of these positions to the M2e antigenicity. Position 10 was the only important position for the binding of chicken pAb to M2e. Overall, the study showed that the M2e antigenic sites are located between residues 10 – 18 and that aa changes at position 10, 11, 12, 14, 16 and 18 may all affect the antibody binding within the M2e protein.","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47274211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-24DOI: 10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1927
A. Amam, Z. Fanani, B. Hartono, B. Nugroho
Accessibility of resources in theory can affected the development of broiler farming in a region. This research was conducted with the objectives of: 1) to formulate indicators of resource use on the development of partnership system of broiler farming business, and 2) to find the model of the development of resources use accessibility to partnership system of broiler farming business. The research was conducted in August 2017 up to January 2018 in Malang Regency of East Java Province, Indonesia. 100 respondents as partnership system of broiler farmer was participated in this study who was determined by total sampling. The research variables consist of: a) financial resources, b) technology resources, c) physic resources, d) economic resources, e) environmental resources, f) social resources, g) human resources, and h ) business development. The data was analyze used by SEM with SmartPLS 2.0 analysis tool. The results indicate that: 1) The development of partnership system of broiler farming business is directly influenced by the financial resources of 2.421, the physic resources is 1.821, the economic resources 2.445, and the human resources 2.904, but the development of partnership system of broiler farming business direct are not affected by technology resources, environmental resources, and social resources; 2) The development of partnership system of broiler farming business is indirect with quality of human resources is influenced by the financial resources of 2.629, technology resources of 6.092, physic resources of 2.308, and economic resources of 2.312, but the development of partnership system of broiler business is indirectly with the quality of human resources are not influenced by environmental resources and social resources.
{"title":"Model of Resources Development in Partnership System of Broiler Farming Business","authors":"A. Amam, Z. Fanani, B. Hartono, B. Nugroho","doi":"10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1927","url":null,"abstract":"Accessibility of resources in theory can affected the development of broiler farming in a region. This research was conducted with the objectives of: 1) to formulate indicators of resource use on the development of partnership system of broiler farming business, and 2) to find the model of the development of resources use accessibility to partnership system of broiler farming business. The research was conducted in August 2017 up to January 2018 in Malang Regency of East Java Province, Indonesia. 100 respondents as partnership system of broiler farmer was participated in this study who was determined by total sampling. The research variables consist of: a) financial resources, b) technology resources, c) physic resources, d) economic resources, e) environmental resources, f) social resources, g) human resources, and h ) business development. The data was analyze used by SEM with SmartPLS 2.0 analysis tool. The results indicate that: 1) The development of partnership system of broiler farming business is directly influenced by the financial resources of 2.421, the physic resources is 1.821, the economic resources 2.445, and the human resources 2.904, but the development of partnership system of broiler farming business direct are not affected by technology resources, environmental resources, and social resources; 2) The development of partnership system of broiler farming business is indirect with quality of human resources is influenced by the financial resources of 2.629, technology resources of 6.092, physic resources of 2.308, and economic resources of 2.312, but the development of partnership system of broiler business is indirectly with the quality of human resources are not influenced by environmental resources and social resources.","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47055178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-23DOI: 10.14334/JITV.V24I3.2003
H. Abed, O. El-Malky, R. S. Mourad, I. S. Al-Gezery
The study determined the level of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in peripheral blood circulation of buffalo cows suffering from reproductive disorders (dystocia and retained placenta) and weakness body condition score during periparturient period. Twenty multi-parous Egyptian buffalo cows at late pregnancy period were used for two months before parturition. β-endorphin concentrations were higher in buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders groups. Whereas, β-endorphin concentrations were 134.9±4.8 for retained placenta, 121.3±4.9 for dystocia, 114.2±8.4 for weakness and 113.5±6.5 pg/ml for control. In the closer period around parturition both of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol followed the same trend toward a gradually increased values during -2,-1days and zero time in all groups. A concomitant trend was noticed in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in postpartum period with reduce values were observed in all groups after parturition continued for month or more. Buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders were showed a high relative values in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations. A significant differences (P<0.01) were observed between the experimental groups. Generally, buffaloes suffering reproductive disorders had a clear impact on blood plasma β-endorphin concentration around parturition process.The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between various reproductive disorders as a stress factors with plasma β–endorphin and cortisol in buffalo cows around parturition and changes in these parameters could be used as an objective measure of the stress associated labour. Stress has been hypothesized to be a cause of impaired reproductive efficiency. Stress may cause an overproduction of beta-endorphins and free radicals
{"title":"Plasma Β-Endorphin and Cortisol Profiles around Periparturient Period at Stressful Conditions in Egyptian Buffalo","authors":"H. Abed, O. El-Malky, R. S. Mourad, I. S. Al-Gezery","doi":"10.14334/JITV.V24I3.2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/JITV.V24I3.2003","url":null,"abstract":"The study determined the level of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in peripheral blood circulation of buffalo cows suffering from reproductive disorders (dystocia and retained placenta) and weakness body condition score during periparturient period. Twenty multi-parous Egyptian buffalo cows at late pregnancy period were used for two months before parturition. β-endorphin concentrations were higher in buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders groups. Whereas, β-endorphin concentrations were 134.9±4.8 for retained placenta, 121.3±4.9 for dystocia, 114.2±8.4 for weakness and 113.5±6.5 pg/ml for control. In the closer period around parturition both of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol followed the same trend toward a gradually increased values during -2,-1days and zero time in all groups. A concomitant trend was noticed in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in postpartum period with reduce values were observed in all groups after parturition continued for month or more. Buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders were showed a high relative values in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations. A significant differences (P<0.01) were observed between the experimental groups. Generally, buffaloes suffering reproductive disorders had a clear impact on blood plasma β-endorphin concentration around parturition process.The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between various reproductive disorders as a stress factors with plasma β–endorphin and cortisol in buffalo cows around parturition and changes in these parameters could be used as an objective measure of the stress associated labour. Stress has been hypothesized to be a cause of impaired reproductive efficiency. Stress may cause an overproduction of beta-endorphins and free radicals","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46524702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-23DOI: 10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1976
E. Kusumaningtyas, D. Subekti, D. F. Fitaningtyas
Mare milk protein contains bioactive peptide which beneficial for human and animal health. Peptides in the fraction and single may show different activities. The objectives of the study were to evaluate antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activities of the fraction and single peptide derived from mare milk protein. Antimicrobial assay was conducted by testing antibacterial and antifungal activities of fraction <3 kDa, peptide HPYFYAPELLYYANK, LVNELTEFAK and LANSLTEFAK against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Anti-inflammation effect was detected by interleukin 1-β (IL- 1β) and Tumor Necrosis Factor -α (TNF-α) production in mice after administration of Escherichia coli’s lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and combined with fraction or single peptide. The result showed that antibacterial and antifungal of fraction <3 kDa was higher than all of single peptide. This may because of synergistic interaction among peptide in the fraction which increase the activities. Fraction <3 kDa was also able to decrease production of IL-1β and TNF-α better than single peptide indicated its ability to decrease inflammation. Based on the results, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activities fraction <3 kDa was better than single peptide.
{"title":"Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammation Activities of Fraction and Single Peptides Derived from Mare Milk Protein","authors":"E. Kusumaningtyas, D. Subekti, D. F. Fitaningtyas","doi":"10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/JITV.V24I3.1976","url":null,"abstract":"Mare milk protein contains bioactive peptide which beneficial for human and animal health. Peptides in the fraction and single may show different activities. The objectives of the study were to evaluate antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activities of the fraction and single peptide derived from mare milk protein. Antimicrobial assay was conducted by testing antibacterial and antifungal activities of fraction <3 kDa, peptide HPYFYAPELLYYANK, LVNELTEFAK and LANSLTEFAK against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Anti-inflammation effect was detected by interleukin 1-β (IL- 1β) and Tumor Necrosis Factor -α (TNF-α) production in mice after administration of Escherichia coli’s lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and combined with fraction or single peptide. The result showed that antibacterial and antifungal of fraction <3 kDa was higher than all of single peptide. This may because of synergistic interaction among peptide in the fraction which increase the activities. Fraction <3 kDa was also able to decrease production of IL-1β and TNF-α better than single peptide indicated its ability to decrease inflammation. Based on the results, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activities fraction <3 kDa was better than single peptide. ","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48642921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-23DOI: 10.14334/JITV.V24I3.2002
R. S. Mourad
The present study was carried out in the veterinary units on 14 normal cows and 32 cows with Retained Placenta. Cows were chosen after about 6 to 12 hours from parturition in Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt. Results show that there was very highly significant increase of concentrations of all blood biochemical components, macro elements and micro elements in normal cows than those in retained fetal membranes cows except in globulin, Sodium and Manganese. On the other hand, plasma concentrations of biochemical components were highly significant between summer and winter in cholesterol, total protein and albumin but it wasn’t significant in glucose, globulin and A/G ratio. Moreover, there was very highly significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all macro elements except potassium and Ca/P ratio. Also, there was very highly significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all micro elements except Manganese. Meanwhile, plasma concentrations of biochemical components were not significant between parities except in A/G ratio. Furthermore, there was no significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all macro elements. But, there was very highly significant (P≤0.01) in plasma concentration of Cu and Cd between summer and winter, and it was significant (P≤0.05) in Fe and Se but, there was no significant in Co, Zn, Mn, and Mo. The aim of this study was to determine blood plasma constituents and inorganic macro and micro elements in the case of retained placenta in crossbred cattle under Egyptian conditions.
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Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.14334/JITV.V24I3.2020
H. Iskandar, H. Sonjaya, M. Yusuf
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding Insulin Transferrin Selenium (ITS) in the medium on maturation and fertilization rates of Bali cattle oocytes. The ovarium of Bali cows were sliced to produce oocytes, then the collected oocytes were subsequently selected based on their quality. Those oocytes were maturated for 24 hours and then fertilized for 18 hours in the incubators of 5% CO2 with temperature of 38.5ºC. Oocytes were stained using 2% of aceto orcein, and observed under a microscope. This study was divided into four treatments at different addition of ITS in the medium and replicated four times, and analized using a Factorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD)at each treatment. The treatments consisted of P0 as control, P1 (5 ng/ml), P2 (10 ng/ml), and P3 (15 ng/ml). Parameters observed in this study were the stages of oocytes maturation rate that consisted of germinal vesicle (GV), germinal vesicle break down (GVBD), metaphase I (M-I), and metaphase II (M-II), and fertilization rate that consisted of absence of pronucleus (P0), 1 pronucleus (PN1), 2 pronucleus (PN2), and more than two pronucleus (>2PN). The results of this study showed that addition of ITS at 5-15 ng/ml did not effect maturation and fertilization rates of Bali cows oocytes.The conculision of the study is addition of ITS at 5 ng / ml produces the best level of maturation and for the best level of fertilization with addition ITS at 15 ng / ml.
本研究旨在研究在培养基中添加胰岛素转铁蛋白硒(ITS)对巴厘牛卵母细胞成熟率和受精率的影响。对巴厘牛卵巢进行切片生产卵母细胞，并根据卵母细胞的质量进行筛选。卵母细胞成熟24小时后，在5% CO2、38.5℃的培养箱中受精18小时。卵母细胞用2%乙酰胆碱染色，在显微镜下观察。本研究分为4个处理，在培养基中添加不同的ITS，重复4次，在每个处理使用析因完全随机设计(CRD)进行分析。对照组分别为P0、P1 (5 ng/ml)、P2 (10 ng/ml)、P3 (15 ng/ml)。本研究观察的参数为卵母细胞成熟率的分期，包括生发囊泡(GV)、生发囊泡破裂(GVBD)、中期I (M-I)和中期II (M-II)，受精率包括无原核(P0)、1个原核(PN1)、2个原核(PN2)和2个以上原核(>2PN)。结果表明，添加5 ~ 15 ng/ml ITS对巴厘牛卵母细胞的成熟率和受精率没有影响。本研究的结论是，添加5 ng / ml的ITS可产生最佳的成熟水平，添加15 ng / ml的ITS可产生最佳的受精水平。
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Pub Date : 2019-07-16DOI: 10.14334/JITV.V24I2.1963
S. Chathurika, S. Sujani, A. Manawadu, T. Seresinhe
Recently the utilization of biological feed additives over chemical feed additives in animal feeds have increased. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing wild guinea grass (panicum maximum) with two plant species, artocarpus heterophyllus (jack leaves; ah) and tridax procumbens (Tp) containing plant secondary metabolites tannin and saponin, respectively and the enzyme product dyadic cellulase (Ce) and yeast (Ye). For each suplement two levels of treatments were tested. In plant-based suplements 20 (Aht1, Tpt1) and 30% (Aht2 and Tpt2) substituted the base substrate. The enzyme was applied as 10 µl (Cet1) and 20 µl (Cet2) and yeast as 4 mg (Yet1) and 6 mg (Yet2). the experimental design was a randomized complete block design (rcbd) and the period of in vitro rumen fermentation incubation was 72 hrs. All treatments significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the in vitro gas production (Ivgp) compared with the control. Treatments of ah and ce significantly (P < 0.05) improved the in vitro rumen dry matter degradability (ivrdmd). All treatments significantly (P<0.05) suppressed the ruminal protozoa population as compared to the control. Ammonia nitrogen (Nh3-N) production was not significantly (P>0.05) influenced with supplements. in conclusion, treatments enhanced the rumen fermentation in means of enhanced ivgp, ivrdmd and reduced protozoa numbers.
{"title":"Enhance in-vitro rumen fermentation of Panicum maximum with biological supplements","authors":"S. Chathurika, S. Sujani, A. Manawadu, T. Seresinhe","doi":"10.14334/JITV.V24I2.1963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14334/JITV.V24I2.1963","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the utilization of biological feed additives over chemical feed additives in animal feeds have increased. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing wild guinea grass (panicum maximum) with two plant species, artocarpus heterophyllus (jack leaves; ah) and tridax procumbens (Tp) containing plant secondary metabolites tannin and saponin, respectively and the enzyme product dyadic cellulase (Ce) and yeast (Ye). For each suplement two levels of treatments were tested. In plant-based suplements 20 (Aht1, Tpt1) and 30% (Aht2 and Tpt2) substituted the base substrate. The enzyme was applied as 10 µl (Cet1) and 20 µl (Cet2) and yeast as 4 mg (Yet1) and 6 mg (Yet2). the experimental design was a randomized complete block design (rcbd) and the period of in vitro rumen fermentation incubation was 72 hrs. All treatments significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the in vitro gas production (Ivgp) compared with the control. Treatments of ah and ce significantly (P < 0.05) improved the in vitro rumen dry matter degradability (ivrdmd). All treatments significantly (P<0.05) suppressed the ruminal protozoa population as compared to the control. Ammonia nitrogen (Nh3-N) production was not significantly (P>0.05) influenced with supplements. in conclusion, treatments enhanced the rumen fermentation in means of enhanced ivgp, ivrdmd and reduced protozoa numbers.","PeriodicalId":17806,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45827313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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