The world is witnessing an increasing number of natural disasters. Technology has helped to combat major aspects of the same while economic and financial losses of the victims are largely unavoidable. Disaster recovery involves collaborative role of governance, technology and financial aid. The present study aims to study the behavioural aspect of financial donors who offer monetary help for financial resilience of the victims. The study uses Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and extends it by measuring the effect of "voluntariness" in understanding the behaviour. The paper studies the floods in Kerala, India, and aims to understand how online financial donors helped in e-governance and rebuilding the State. The study collects primary data of 308 financial donors and tests it against eight hypotheses. The results show that while voluntariness acts as a mediating variable for performance expectancy and its relationship with behavioural intention, it has insignificant effect on effort expectancy. The study found four out of eight hypotheses were giving significant results. The results also confirm that e-governance portals and voluntariness activities were much higher in Kerala than any other state in the country. An important conclusion was that both societal influence and facilitating conditions played a significant role in inclining the financial donors to contribute using e-governance portals. The results could be inspiration to studies in areas where there are recurring disasters. The study also offers both practical and theoretical insights to the field of e-governance and financial resilience. Study can further be extended to geographical areas with recurring disasters to test the consistency of results.
{"title":"Study of E-governance and online donors for achieving financial resilience post natural disasters","authors":"Abhishek Behl, Pankaj Dutta, Meena Chavan","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326370","url":null,"abstract":"The world is witnessing an increasing number of natural disasters. Technology has helped to combat major aspects of the same while economic and financial losses of the victims are largely unavoidable. Disaster recovery involves collaborative role of governance, technology and financial aid. The present study aims to study the behavioural aspect of financial donors who offer monetary help for financial resilience of the victims. The study uses Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and extends it by measuring the effect of \"voluntariness\" in understanding the behaviour. The paper studies the floods in Kerala, India, and aims to understand how online financial donors helped in e-governance and rebuilding the State. The study collects primary data of 308 financial donors and tests it against eight hypotheses. The results show that while voluntariness acts as a mediating variable for performance expectancy and its relationship with behavioural intention, it has insignificant effect on effort expectancy. The study found four out of eight hypotheses were giving significant results. The results also confirm that e-governance portals and voluntariness activities were much higher in Kerala than any other state in the country. An important conclusion was that both societal influence and facilitating conditions played a significant role in inclining the financial donors to contribute using e-governance portals. The results could be inspiration to studies in areas where there are recurring disasters. The study also offers both practical and theoretical insights to the field of e-governance and financial resilience. Study can further be extended to geographical areas with recurring disasters to test the consistency of results.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"226 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116846378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores on how Data Retention Obligation (DRO) relates to public Wi-Fi (PWF) service provision in Australia, highlighting PWF metadata as a product of applying DRO to PWF networks. Following an introductory overview of DRO regulation in Australia and issues associated with privacy and getting access to metadata, focus is then shift to the particular case of PWF metadata, with three emerging themes: the organizational model of PWF provision with relation to DRO, privacy of PWF metadata compared to the privacy of communication data in general, and practical example of quantitative metadata analysis on a real-life dataset generated within public Wi-Fi network.
{"title":"Public Wi-Fi metadata in data-driven urban governance","authors":"V. Grechyn","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326379","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores on how Data Retention Obligation (DRO) relates to public Wi-Fi (PWF) service provision in Australia, highlighting PWF metadata as a product of applying DRO to PWF networks. Following an introductory overview of DRO regulation in Australia and issues associated with privacy and getting access to metadata, focus is then shift to the particular case of PWF metadata, with three emerging themes: the organizational model of PWF provision with relation to DRO, privacy of PWF metadata compared to the privacy of communication data in general, and practical example of quantitative metadata analysis on a real-life dataset generated within public Wi-Fi network.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114655332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital government has been seen as a strategy to improve public services, foster engagement with citizens, and modernize government agencies. Regardless of the recognition of this important role in government transformation, there is no consistent evidence in terms of the determinants and results of digital government strategies. More specifically, there is no clarity about what leads to successful digital government initiatives. Stage-based maturity models have been used to better understand the current situation of digital government in terms of results. They are also seen as useful in helping to understand the resources and capabilities of government agencies and how they contribute to successful digital government projects. However, existing maturity models have been criticised due to their lack of theory, oversimplification of reality, and linear thinking. In an attempt to overcome some of these shortcomings, this paper proposes what we call an enabler-based digital government maturity model. Our proposed model not only argues for a multidimensional view, but also suggests how to think about specific mechanisms of impact. By specifying the mechanisms of influence, our proposal starts a necessary conversation about maturity models and the potential complementarity of stage-based and enabler-based approaches.
{"title":"Toward an Enabler-Based Digital Government Maturity Framework: A Preliminary Proposal Based on Theories of Change","authors":"C. Renteria, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, T. Pardo","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326419","url":null,"abstract":"Digital government has been seen as a strategy to improve public services, foster engagement with citizens, and modernize government agencies. Regardless of the recognition of this important role in government transformation, there is no consistent evidence in terms of the determinants and results of digital government strategies. More specifically, there is no clarity about what leads to successful digital government initiatives. Stage-based maturity models have been used to better understand the current situation of digital government in terms of results. They are also seen as useful in helping to understand the resources and capabilities of government agencies and how they contribute to successful digital government projects. However, existing maturity models have been criticised due to their lack of theory, oversimplification of reality, and linear thinking. In an attempt to overcome some of these shortcomings, this paper proposes what we call an enabler-based digital government maturity model. Our proposed model not only argues for a multidimensional view, but also suggests how to think about specific mechanisms of impact. By specifying the mechanisms of influence, our proposal starts a necessary conversation about maturity models and the potential complementarity of stage-based and enabler-based approaches.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128253524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bargh, R. Meijer, M. Vink, S. V. D. Braak, Sunil Choenni
Disclosure of personal data is considered as one of the main threats for data opening. In this contribution we consider the data that are sensitive in GDPR terms (for example, criminal justice data within the Dutch justice domain) and discuss how they can be opened. According to Dutch laws, such data can be opened if they are without personal information. Subsequently, we distinguish two cases for having no personal information in data sets based on whether the data controller cannot or can revert the data protection process. These two cases are related to two GDPR concepts of data being anonymous or pseudonymized in its GDPR sense, respectively. In this contribution we highlight the need for deciding on which GDPR concept should be adopted for opening sensitive data sets (i.e., whether the opened data should be protected against data controllers or not). For making this decision, we recommend policymakers to consider also the impacts of realizing the prevalent concept on, e.g., data utility.
{"title":"On opening sensitive data sets in light of GDPR","authors":"M. Bargh, R. Meijer, M. Vink, S. V. D. Braak, Sunil Choenni","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326444","url":null,"abstract":"Disclosure of personal data is considered as one of the main threats for data opening. In this contribution we consider the data that are sensitive in GDPR terms (for example, criminal justice data within the Dutch justice domain) and discuss how they can be opened. According to Dutch laws, such data can be opened if they are without personal information. Subsequently, we distinguish two cases for having no personal information in data sets based on whether the data controller cannot or can revert the data protection process. These two cases are related to two GDPR concepts of data being anonymous or pseudonymized in its GDPR sense, respectively. In this contribution we highlight the need for deciding on which GDPR concept should be adopted for opening sensitive data sets (i.e., whether the opened data should be protected against data controllers or not). For making this decision, we recommend policymakers to consider also the impacts of realizing the prevalent concept on, e.g., data utility.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128915253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Charalabidis, M. Loutsaris, Shefali Virkar, C. Alexopoulos, Anna-Sophie Novak, Zoi Lachana
Europe's vision is to establish a well-functioning Digital Single Market, where Europeans are able to move and trade among the EU member states. On the other hand the large amount of information about laws that apply in each EU country has posed significant barriers in this vision. Moreover only legal experts can follow the latest legislation in each country consuming a large amount of business resources in order to follow the current legislation. However, Mass customization tools can help to filter and thereby reduce the flood of legal information and make it easier to be followed from businesses and citizens without legal expertise. The proposed solution is a novel ICT architecture utilising and built upon text mining, advanced processing and semantic analysis of legal information towards the provision of a set of services for citizens, businesses, and administrations of the European Union. In order to provide the most appealing, comprehensive and added value services in the legal domain, this paper presents six use case scenarios based on the opinion of different target groups. Conducting interviews and focus groups, we were able to identify the novel functionalities and services of great importance for the users highlighting and addressing users' daily problems regarding legal information. Generally, interviews with the different target groups reveal that at this point, users prioritise their needs towards more basic services such as search functionalities and correlation with previous laws. Lawyers on the other hand as more competent target group asked for summarisation and reporting services. All target groups where eager on the implementation of this service which as it seems it will directly impact their everyday professional and personal use of legal information.
{"title":"Use Case Scenarios on Legal Text Mining","authors":"Y. Charalabidis, M. Loutsaris, Shefali Virkar, C. Alexopoulos, Anna-Sophie Novak, Zoi Lachana","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326413","url":null,"abstract":"Europe's vision is to establish a well-functioning Digital Single Market, where Europeans are able to move and trade among the EU member states. On the other hand the large amount of information about laws that apply in each EU country has posed significant barriers in this vision. Moreover only legal experts can follow the latest legislation in each country consuming a large amount of business resources in order to follow the current legislation. However, Mass customization tools can help to filter and thereby reduce the flood of legal information and make it easier to be followed from businesses and citizens without legal expertise. The proposed solution is a novel ICT architecture utilising and built upon text mining, advanced processing and semantic analysis of legal information towards the provision of a set of services for citizens, businesses, and administrations of the European Union. In order to provide the most appealing, comprehensive and added value services in the legal domain, this paper presents six use case scenarios based on the opinion of different target groups. Conducting interviews and focus groups, we were able to identify the novel functionalities and services of great importance for the users highlighting and addressing users' daily problems regarding legal information. Generally, interviews with the different target groups reveal that at this point, users prioritise their needs towards more basic services such as search functionalities and correlation with previous laws. Lawyers on the other hand as more competent target group asked for summarisation and reporting services. All target groups where eager on the implementation of this service which as it seems it will directly impact their everyday professional and personal use of legal information.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125389579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a systematic literature review of governance issues in Africa. The study focuses on the evaluation of governance for sustainable development. This study contributes to the interdisciplinary research of governance. The study finds that governance can be activated by learning from the interdisciplinary vanguard. Additionally, this study proposes a working definition of governance as an active and sustainable process that functions as an ambidextrous steering mechanism. From the practical perspective, the paper proposes a conceptual framework to better understand the impact of key issues and challenges on African governments' capacity to coordinate governance decision making. Furthermore, the recommendations of this research would assist policymakers in Africa to better address governance challenges and work towards achieving the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
{"title":"Towards Sustainable Development Goals: A Literature Review and a Conceptual Framework of Governance Issues in Africa","authors":"Mohamed H. Farah, Alvedi Sabani","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326392","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a systematic literature review of governance issues in Africa. The study focuses on the evaluation of governance for sustainable development. This study contributes to the interdisciplinary research of governance. The study finds that governance can be activated by learning from the interdisciplinary vanguard. Additionally, this study proposes a working definition of governance as an active and sustainable process that functions as an ambidextrous steering mechanism. From the practical perspective, the paper proposes a conceptual framework to better understand the impact of key issues and challenges on African governments' capacity to coordinate governance decision making. Furthermore, the recommendations of this research would assist policymakers in Africa to better address governance challenges and work towards achieving the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123073413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jimena Hernández Varela, Matías Jackson Bertón, Jorge Prego Acosta
This paper explores the path followed by Uruguay in the consolidation of a digital identification framework. The main objective followed by the regulatory entity was to provide legal equivalence between physical presence and digital identification as well as compatibility with international standards. The essay will serve as an input for other countries looking for upgrading their electronic signature framework.
{"title":"Building a framework for Trust Services in Uruguay","authors":"Jimena Hernández Varela, Matías Jackson Bertón, Jorge Prego Acosta","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326436","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the path followed by Uruguay in the consolidation of a digital identification framework. The main objective followed by the regulatory entity was to provide legal equivalence between physical presence and digital identification as well as compatibility with international standards. The essay will serve as an input for other countries looking for upgrading their electronic signature framework.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124795185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital India is a flagship program of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. This transformation requires not only the restructuring and refocusing of existing programs to align them with the principles of Digital India but also the launching of new programs, all to be implemented in a synchronized manner. This paper establishes, first through technical research that it is necessary to adopt a suitable framework for implementation and evaluation of the digital transformation initiatives in the government. It then presents a structured, goal-based, data-centric framework designed for program management of the e-governance project portfolio of the States in India. In conclusion, the paper validates this successfully implemented framework to demonstrate that a structured framework can effectively monitor, evaluate and accelerate the country's digital transformation process.
{"title":"Accelerating Government Digital Transformation in India: A Case Study","authors":"Sushil Prakash, Ilaventhan Gunalan","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326428","url":null,"abstract":"Digital India is a flagship program of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. This transformation requires not only the restructuring and refocusing of existing programs to align them with the principles of Digital India but also the launching of new programs, all to be implemented in a synchronized manner. This paper establishes, first through technical research that it is necessary to adopt a suitable framework for implementation and evaluation of the digital transformation initiatives in the government. It then presents a structured, goal-based, data-centric framework designed for program management of the e-governance project portfolio of the States in India. In conclusion, the paper validates this successfully implemented framework to demonstrate that a structured framework can effectively monitor, evaluate and accelerate the country's digital transformation process.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117349460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work we investigate which aspects of data protection regulation must be carefully observed when implementing Blockchain-based projects in smart cities. This technology provides interesting properties and allows governments to develop flexible and innovative data management systems. Nevertheless, realizing the benefits of using Blockchains requires understanding the government processes along with the legal framework and political setting imposed on government. Though it is a buzzword, Blockchain may not always be the best solution for data processing, and carrying out a Data Protection Impact Assessment could allow an analysis of the necessity and proportionality of the mechanism. Furthermore, principles relating to security of data remain applicable to Blockchains. We discuss points of interaction between Blockchain technology and the European Union data protection framework, and provide recommendations on how to better develop Blockchain-based projects in smart cities. The findings of the study should provide public sector actors with a guideline to assess the real necessity and better format of a Blockchain-based application.
{"title":"Privacy and Data Protection Concerns Regarding the Use of Blockchains in Smart Cities","authors":"L. F. Ramos, João Marco C. Silva","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326410","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we investigate which aspects of data protection regulation must be carefully observed when implementing Blockchain-based projects in smart cities. This technology provides interesting properties and allows governments to develop flexible and innovative data management systems. Nevertheless, realizing the benefits of using Blockchains requires understanding the government processes along with the legal framework and political setting imposed on government. Though it is a buzzword, Blockchain may not always be the best solution for data processing, and carrying out a Data Protection Impact Assessment could allow an analysis of the necessity and proportionality of the mechanism. Furthermore, principles relating to security of data remain applicable to Blockchains. We discuss points of interaction between Blockchain technology and the European Union data protection framework, and provide recommendations on how to better develop Blockchain-based projects in smart cities. The findings of the study should provide public sector actors with a guideline to assess the real necessity and better format of a Blockchain-based application.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"659 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132125775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Process innovation in public organizations is widely documented and has increasingly been the subject of empirical scrutiny. However, no study has attempted to investigate process innovation in open data organizations in public sector. Guided by the Dynamic Capability Theory and based on the detailed study of four open data organizations, we synthesize a theoretical model and a process model for open data process innovation in public sector organizations. Specifically, the study sought to understand how open data process agility is achieved in these organizations. The results highlight the specific agile mechanisms that enable and improve open data process innovation in public sector organizations. The results also provide perspectives on how open data organizations in public sector can change data processes to transform the way they respond to changing demands and external environment.
{"title":"Agile Mechanisms for Open Data Process Innovation in Public Sector Organizations: Towards Theory Building","authors":"Fatemeh Ahmadi Zeleti, A. Ojo","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326387","url":null,"abstract":"Process innovation in public organizations is widely documented and has increasingly been the subject of empirical scrutiny. However, no study has attempted to investigate process innovation in open data organizations in public sector. Guided by the Dynamic Capability Theory and based on the detailed study of four open data organizations, we synthesize a theoretical model and a process model for open data process innovation in public sector organizations. Specifically, the study sought to understand how open data process agility is achieved in these organizations. The results highlight the specific agile mechanisms that enable and improve open data process innovation in public sector organizations. The results also provide perspectives on how open data organizations in public sector can change data processes to transform the way they respond to changing demands and external environment.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133544545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：