Irene Azogu, A. Norta, Ingrid Pappel, Justin Longo, D. Draheim
The role of record keeping and information sharing in the health sector cannot be overemphasized. More recently, there has been renewed interest in finding a solution to the issues pertaining to privacy of health records and how these records can be easily accessed by different healthcare providers in healthcare-service delivery. Thus, such records comprise an individual's health history and other information that facilitates healthcare decisions. Furthermore, easy access to a patient's health information is an important aspect of health-service delivery that must be regulated and monitored because of the sensitivity of the information. Current approaches adopted in many hospitals face challenges of missing files, or records, lack of information sharing between healthcare providers, insecure records and also inaccessibility of patients' health information for healthcare providers that are needed to make informed health decisions. Building from a case study grounded in interviews and document review, we propose a scalable framework that supports the adoption of blockchain technology in addressing the issues of privacy, information sharing, and record keeping in the health sector.
{"title":"A Framework for the Adoption of Blockchain Technology in Healthcare Information Management Systems: A Case Study of Nigeria","authors":"Irene Azogu, A. Norta, Ingrid Pappel, Justin Longo, D. Draheim","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326405","url":null,"abstract":"The role of record keeping and information sharing in the health sector cannot be overemphasized. More recently, there has been renewed interest in finding a solution to the issues pertaining to privacy of health records and how these records can be easily accessed by different healthcare providers in healthcare-service delivery. Thus, such records comprise an individual's health history and other information that facilitates healthcare decisions. Furthermore, easy access to a patient's health information is an important aspect of health-service delivery that must be regulated and monitored because of the sensitivity of the information. Current approaches adopted in many hospitals face challenges of missing files, or records, lack of information sharing between healthcare providers, insecure records and also inaccessibility of patients' health information for healthcare providers that are needed to make informed health decisions. Building from a case study grounded in interviews and document review, we propose a scalable framework that supports the adoption of blockchain technology in addressing the issues of privacy, information sharing, and record keeping in the health sector.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130505578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a developing country like India, where more than half the population, resides in rural spaces, it becomes essential that the policies are made with an orientation towards the rural development. The Ministry of Rural development, as the face of government for rural population, has rolled out a variety of welfare schemes like MGNREGA -- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act and PMAY-G -- Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojna Gramin, aimed at employment and housing for all. These schemes have been the very hallmarks of the social infrastructure of the country. It has fostered equality, and has been holistic and an aggressive attempt at alleviating poverty and for inclusive growth of all places. This has helped reduce migration and urbanization of only few places but has led to holistic growth across locations. However as the scope of these schemes have increased, the conventional approach of the government faced challenges. The widening interest and intersection with technology in governance has reinvigorated the process. Towards this, there has been sustained endeavor in the recent past to marry new emerging areas of technology to government. This has led to better implementation and management of the schemes and bringing e governance to people. To tackle the challenges stunting the progress of the welfare schemes, ICT enabled platforms like Awaassoft Awaas App, Gram Samvaad and NREGAsoft have been introduced. Digital governance has facilitated more transparency and brought the citizen close to the government.
{"title":"e-Governance and Digitalization of Indian Rural Development","authors":"D. Misra, P. Mittal","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326438","url":null,"abstract":"In a developing country like India, where more than half the population, resides in rural spaces, it becomes essential that the policies are made with an orientation towards the rural development. The Ministry of Rural development, as the face of government for rural population, has rolled out a variety of welfare schemes like MGNREGA -- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act and PMAY-G -- Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojna Gramin, aimed at employment and housing for all. These schemes have been the very hallmarks of the social infrastructure of the country. It has fostered equality, and has been holistic and an aggressive attempt at alleviating poverty and for inclusive growth of all places. This has helped reduce migration and urbanization of only few places but has led to holistic growth across locations. However as the scope of these schemes have increased, the conventional approach of the government faced challenges. The widening interest and intersection with technology in governance has reinvigorated the process. Towards this, there has been sustained endeavor in the recent past to marry new emerging areas of technology to government. This has led to better implementation and management of the schemes and bringing e governance to people. To tackle the challenges stunting the progress of the welfare schemes, ICT enabled platforms like Awaassoft Awaas App, Gram Samvaad and NREGAsoft have been introduced. Digital governance has facilitated more transparency and brought the citizen close to the government.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123672365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper evaluates the role of a telecentre project- the Union Digital Centres (UDC) in Bangladesh- in developing entrepreneurship among rural youths under Public-Private Partnership. Contrary to engaging qualified operators in terms of efficiency and investment the UDC has employed local youths who are small scale investors, home grown and amateur in skill. Many operators earn very low and some run off the project leading to closure of centres. In this context understanding the issue of entrepreneurship attains significance for the sustainability of the model. Entrepreneurship is defined in terms of operator's income, his/her satisfaction on income and the level of investment. The study hypothesizes that factors responsible for entrepreneurship development include ICT and internet, services, clients' turnout, stakeholders' involvement and experience of the operator. Based on an internet survey and interview of operators and a review of literature the study explores features of UDC facilitated entrepreneurship. It describes stakeholders' involvement in ensuring inputs and their roles in promoting entrepreneurship. An application of a structural equation model supports the hypotheses validating that operator's own initiative synergized with support from the government influence the development of entrepreneurship among operators. The results specify that the UDC bears potential to develop entrepreneurship among operators given they use a variety of equipment and better quality internet, provide a range of services to a greater volume of clients, receive stakeholder's support and demonstrate computer and managerial skills. The government's role in implementation, human resource management and monitoring of the project influences the process. The study also finds that the project experiences a range of challenges from inadequate involvement of partners. Since deficiency in any partner's role can affect the mission of entrepreneurship development, the author suggests that the government must take the lead role in engaging relevant partners to convert the UDC as an enterprise.
{"title":"The Role of Telecentre in Developing Entrepreneurship: a Case Study on Union Digital Centres in Bangladesh","authors":"Md Gofran Faroqi","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326424","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the role of a telecentre project- the Union Digital Centres (UDC) in Bangladesh- in developing entrepreneurship among rural youths under Public-Private Partnership. Contrary to engaging qualified operators in terms of efficiency and investment the UDC has employed local youths who are small scale investors, home grown and amateur in skill. Many operators earn very low and some run off the project leading to closure of centres. In this context understanding the issue of entrepreneurship attains significance for the sustainability of the model. Entrepreneurship is defined in terms of operator's income, his/her satisfaction on income and the level of investment. The study hypothesizes that factors responsible for entrepreneurship development include ICT and internet, services, clients' turnout, stakeholders' involvement and experience of the operator. Based on an internet survey and interview of operators and a review of literature the study explores features of UDC facilitated entrepreneurship. It describes stakeholders' involvement in ensuring inputs and their roles in promoting entrepreneurship. An application of a structural equation model supports the hypotheses validating that operator's own initiative synergized with support from the government influence the development of entrepreneurship among operators. The results specify that the UDC bears potential to develop entrepreneurship among operators given they use a variety of equipment and better quality internet, provide a range of services to a greater volume of clients, receive stakeholder's support and demonstrate computer and managerial skills. The government's role in implementation, human resource management and monitoring of the project influences the process. The study also finds that the project experiences a range of challenges from inadequate involvement of partners. Since deficiency in any partner's role can affect the mission of entrepreneurship development, the author suggests that the government must take the lead role in engaging relevant partners to convert the UDC as an enterprise.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122590834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Government web portals are central to governments' web strategy, yet their rationale, design and effectiveness is scarcely studied. This paper comparatively examines the hyperlink structure of the government web portals of Australia, Canada, France, UK and USA. Websites are conceptualized as operating within web and informational ecologies in which governments seek to position their portal at the center. This paper investigates the different ways governments approach this task by analyzing the various sizes and shapes of the portal in terms of webpages and hyperlinks, and the makeup of webpages externally linked from the portal. This research highlights different design approaches between information repository portals and referral portals, as well as considerable differences in the presence of social media platforms for the operation of online government, revealing an interactive webportal design. The paper provides the basis for assessing the effectiveness of different portal designs and investigating how portal designs arise out of varied government institutional settings.
{"title":"Towards a taxonomy of government webportals","authors":"Paul Henman, Timothy Graham","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326368","url":null,"abstract":"Government web portals are central to governments' web strategy, yet their rationale, design and effectiveness is scarcely studied. This paper comparatively examines the hyperlink structure of the government web portals of Australia, Canada, France, UK and USA. Websites are conceptualized as operating within web and informational ecologies in which governments seek to position their portal at the center. This paper investigates the different ways governments approach this task by analyzing the various sizes and shapes of the portal in terms of webpages and hyperlinks, and the makeup of webpages externally linked from the portal. This research highlights different design approaches between information repository portals and referral portals, as well as considerable differences in the presence of social media platforms for the operation of online government, revealing an interactive webportal design. The paper provides the basis for assessing the effectiveness of different portal designs and investigating how portal designs arise out of varied government institutional settings.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122220775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trust is an important factor for the smooth functioning of the government and implementation of its services like e-governance. The political environment today is highly volatile and unpredictable, resulting in declining citizen trust in government systems. This is a key concern for governance, citizen engagement and participation, and service delivery. Today the scholarship on trust in the e-governance arena is developing rapidly. One of the most common instruments to build and promote trust are promises. However, promises are sometimes broken due to intentional and unintentional reasons. Governments may renege due to economic uncertainty, obsolescing bargain, political change and competition. This study is the first to examine a new form of promise "partial promises" i.e., where a promisor (one who makes the promise), signals an intention to carry out what is promised with some probability rather than with certainty. Such promises help maintain a favourable reputation even when the promise is not honoured. This study shows that though individuals trust and utilise standard promises relatively more, partial promises too, are effective in building trust. It is seen that partial promises have fewer negative consequences when broken. They lead to less emotions of anger, sadness, feelings of betrayal, and are punished comparatively less than standard promises. The study recommends following a flexible approach to applying e-government systems that have little public support and trust. It focuses on the highly topical issue of promises made by governments, and whether a more nuanced approach to promises or bargains made, might be made more conditional, and thus be a useful strategy in retaining trust and/or building confidence in e-government systems.
{"title":"Building Trust Through Promises","authors":"Rochelle Wilson","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326390","url":null,"abstract":"Trust is an important factor for the smooth functioning of the government and implementation of its services like e-governance. The political environment today is highly volatile and unpredictable, resulting in declining citizen trust in government systems. This is a key concern for governance, citizen engagement and participation, and service delivery. Today the scholarship on trust in the e-governance arena is developing rapidly. One of the most common instruments to build and promote trust are promises. However, promises are sometimes broken due to intentional and unintentional reasons. Governments may renege due to economic uncertainty, obsolescing bargain, political change and competition. This study is the first to examine a new form of promise \"partial promises\" i.e., where a promisor (one who makes the promise), signals an intention to carry out what is promised with some probability rather than with certainty. Such promises help maintain a favourable reputation even when the promise is not honoured. This study shows that though individuals trust and utilise standard promises relatively more, partial promises too, are effective in building trust. It is seen that partial promises have fewer negative consequences when broken. They lead to less emotions of anger, sadness, feelings of betrayal, and are punished comparatively less than standard promises. The study recommends following a flexible approach to applying e-government systems that have little public support and trust. It focuses on the highly topical issue of promises made by governments, and whether a more nuanced approach to promises or bargains made, might be made more conditional, and thus be a useful strategy in retaining trust and/or building confidence in e-government systems.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123140747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article first introduce a new government initiative emerging after the US presidential election in 2008. Comparing to the more descriptive definitions of e-government, supporters of these new government initiatives emphasize the transformative and normative aspect of the newest generation of Information and Communication Technology (ICTs). They argue that the new initiative redefines how government should operate and transform state-citizen relationships. To understand the core of this initiative and whether it offers new opportunities to solve public problems, we collected and analyzed research papers published in the e-governance area between 2008 and 2017. Our analysis demonstrates that the use of new generation of ICTs has promoted the government information infrastructure. In other words, the application of new ICTs enables the government to accumulate and use a large amount of data, so that the government makes better decisions. The advancement of open data, the wide use of social media, and the potential of data analytics have also generated pressure to address challenging questions and issues in e-democracy. However, the analysis leads us to deliberate on whether the use of new generation of ICTs worldwide have actually achieved their goal. In the conclusion, we present challenges to be addressed before new innovative ICTs realize their potential towards better public governance.
{"title":"What is the role of New Generation of ICTs in transforming government operation and redefining State-citizen relationship in the last decade?","authors":"S. Liu, Liting Pan, Y. Lei","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326374","url":null,"abstract":"This article first introduce a new government initiative emerging after the US presidential election in 2008. Comparing to the more descriptive definitions of e-government, supporters of these new government initiatives emphasize the transformative and normative aspect of the newest generation of Information and Communication Technology (ICTs). They argue that the new initiative redefines how government should operate and transform state-citizen relationships. To understand the core of this initiative and whether it offers new opportunities to solve public problems, we collected and analyzed research papers published in the e-governance area between 2008 and 2017. Our analysis demonstrates that the use of new generation of ICTs has promoted the government information infrastructure. In other words, the application of new ICTs enables the government to accumulate and use a large amount of data, so that the government makes better decisions. The advancement of open data, the wide use of social media, and the potential of data analytics have also generated pressure to address challenging questions and issues in e-democracy. However, the analysis leads us to deliberate on whether the use of new generation of ICTs worldwide have actually achieved their goal. In the conclusion, we present challenges to be addressed before new innovative ICTs realize their potential towards better public governance.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123570665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Legard, G. Giannoumis, Sissel Hovik, C. Paupini
Why are some cities more eager to adopt e-participation schemes than others, and why do e-participation practices vary among cities who adopts them? Current comparative research on e-participation in local government normally uses large-scale samples to identify determinants of e-participation adoption. Although these samples typically identify significant variables such as political will, modernization ambitions and political crisis, they often lack fine-grained explanations of the causal patterns leading to different forms of e-participation. In this on-going research paper, we therefore compare e-participation strategies and platforms in three cities: Oslo, Melbourne and Madrid. All cities are major urban centers within their countries and have affluent, highly educated and digitally connected populations. They do, however, have very different approaches to e-participation. We base our preliminary findings on government documents. Our analysis of these texts focuses on how these actors seek to attribute meaning or change practices through their communication with audiences in the field. Through the interviews, we both seek to elaborate on views presented in the documents, but also to trace the role these actors have played in developing the cities' e-participatory practices. The aim of this process tracing is to understand the causal processes and complex decision-making leading to the adoption of the particular form of e-participation in the cities. The goal is to complement the existing large sample literature on determinants of e-participation adoption. In addition, we want to develop a richer understanding of the differences between the various forms of e-participation adopted in the cities, which is often lost in the coarse typologies used in large n studies.
{"title":"Variation in E-Participation Schemes and Strategies: Comparative Case Study of Oslo, Madrid, and Melbourne","authors":"S. Legard, G. Giannoumis, Sissel Hovik, C. Paupini","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326384","url":null,"abstract":"Why are some cities more eager to adopt e-participation schemes than others, and why do e-participation practices vary among cities who adopts them? Current comparative research on e-participation in local government normally uses large-scale samples to identify determinants of e-participation adoption. Although these samples typically identify significant variables such as political will, modernization ambitions and political crisis, they often lack fine-grained explanations of the causal patterns leading to different forms of e-participation. In this on-going research paper, we therefore compare e-participation strategies and platforms in three cities: Oslo, Melbourne and Madrid. All cities are major urban centers within their countries and have affluent, highly educated and digitally connected populations. They do, however, have very different approaches to e-participation. We base our preliminary findings on government documents. Our analysis of these texts focuses on how these actors seek to attribute meaning or change practices through their communication with audiences in the field. Through the interviews, we both seek to elaborate on views presented in the documents, but also to trace the role these actors have played in developing the cities' e-participatory practices. The aim of this process tracing is to understand the causal processes and complex decision-making leading to the adoption of the particular form of e-participation in the cities. The goal is to complement the existing large sample literature on determinants of e-participation adoption. In addition, we want to develop a richer understanding of the differences between the various forms of e-participation adopted in the cities, which is often lost in the coarse typologies used in large n studies.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127727535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organizations of any kind, including companies and government institutions, understand the need to incorporate information technologies (IT) to improve internal and external communication, faster access to information, modernize decision making and provide better service to their customers. Integrating IT into operations and management requires changes at various levels of the organization (services, processes, forms of work, technology and organizational structure) and brings up several challenges. Considering the level of maturity of existing IT solutions, the acquisition and implantation of ready-to-use software applications is, nowadays, a standard way of gaining access to IT solutions. However, there is a lack of models to guide this process. The objective of this article is to propose such a model. The proposed model is grounded on the findings of a case study carried out in medium size municipality that recently went through the implantation process of an ERP IT application. The study allowed to identify critical features in different facets of the implantation process. The study mainly involved interviews with key participants in the process. The model proposed in this article emerged during this study and accounts for the issues and concerns identified.
{"title":"Implanting IT Applications in Government Institutions: A Process Model Emerging from a Case Study in a Medium-Sized Municipality","authors":"Irving Reascos, J. Carvalho, Sonia Bossano","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326376","url":null,"abstract":"Organizations of any kind, including companies and government institutions, understand the need to incorporate information technologies (IT) to improve internal and external communication, faster access to information, modernize decision making and provide better service to their customers. Integrating IT into operations and management requires changes at various levels of the organization (services, processes, forms of work, technology and organizational structure) and brings up several challenges. Considering the level of maturity of existing IT solutions, the acquisition and implantation of ready-to-use software applications is, nowadays, a standard way of gaining access to IT solutions. However, there is a lack of models to guide this process. The objective of this article is to propose such a model. The proposed model is grounded on the findings of a case study carried out in medium size municipality that recently went through the implantation process of an ERP IT application. The study allowed to identify critical features in different facets of the implantation process. The study mainly involved interviews with key participants in the process. The model proposed in this article emerged during this study and accounts for the issues and concerns identified.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"18 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132737715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adrià Rodríguez-Pérez, Pol Valletbó-Montfort, Jordi Cucurull-Juan
The transmission and tabulation of results are critical steps in the election process. If election results are provided quickly and transparently, they may inspire trust and confidence in the overall management of the contest. On the contrary, the late and questionable delivery of results might raise concerns and suspicion. In some cases, improper counting and tabulation procedures have brought candidates to question election results and even spurred long periods of violence. In this paper, we explore the potential of blockchain technology to enhance the counting and tabulation procedures during elections. Blockchains are distributed ledgers technologies whose transactions are protected cryptographically. It means that their contents cannot be tampered with nor modified in the long term. We argue that blockchain technology meets the requirements for electronic transmission and consolidation of election results. To prove so, we have implemented a proof of concept with a smart contract running on an Ethereum blockchain that registers the address of several polling stations and records the tally sheets that these submit at the end of the election. We also resort to the smart contract for the automatic and accurate consolidation of the election results once they have been submitted.
{"title":"Bringing transparency and trust to elections: using blockchains for the transmission and tabulation of results","authors":"Adrià Rodríguez-Pérez, Pol Valletbó-Montfort, Jordi Cucurull-Juan","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326372","url":null,"abstract":"The transmission and tabulation of results are critical steps in the election process. If election results are provided quickly and transparently, they may inspire trust and confidence in the overall management of the contest. On the contrary, the late and questionable delivery of results might raise concerns and suspicion. In some cases, improper counting and tabulation procedures have brought candidates to question election results and even spurred long periods of violence. In this paper, we explore the potential of blockchain technology to enhance the counting and tabulation procedures during elections. Blockchains are distributed ledgers technologies whose transactions are protected cryptographically. It means that their contents cannot be tampered with nor modified in the long term. We argue that blockchain technology meets the requirements for electronic transmission and consolidation of election results. To prove so, we have implemented a proof of concept with a smart contract running on an Ethereum blockchain that registers the address of several polling stations and records the tally sheets that these submit at the end of the election. We also resort to the smart contract for the automatic and accurate consolidation of the election results once they have been submitted.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130090351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Giannoumis, S. Legard, Sissel Hovik, C. Paupini
This on-going research paper reports initial evidence gathered as part of the Democratic Urban Development in the Digital Age (DEMUDIG) project, which aims to investigate citizens' use of the internet and new media as channels for participation in urban development processes, with a focus on city governments' efforts to promote and make use of citizen initiatives through such channels. This on-going research paper focuses specifically on the new media platforms used to establish interactive dialogues with local communities. Preliminary results show that Oslo, Melbourne, and Madrid have used new media platforms for engaging public participation in a variety of urban development processes. Local districts in Oslo have begun to experiment with using social networking sites in conjunction with more traditional forms of digital communication such as email and SMS. In contrast, Melbourne has adopted Your City Your Voice, where citizens can engage with local government through surveys. Finally, the Decide Madrid platform has allowed citizens to directly impact area-based initiatives in the city and local districts of Madrid. The results additionally indicate that Oslo has relied to a greater extent than Melbourne or Madrid on mainstream new media platforms - i.e., Facebook.
{"title":"Design and Use of New Media in Urban Development Processes","authors":"G. Giannoumis, S. Legard, Sissel Hovik, C. Paupini","doi":"10.1145/3326365.3326395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326395","url":null,"abstract":"This on-going research paper reports initial evidence gathered as part of the Democratic Urban Development in the Digital Age (DEMUDIG) project, which aims to investigate citizens' use of the internet and new media as channels for participation in urban development processes, with a focus on city governments' efforts to promote and make use of citizen initiatives through such channels. This on-going research paper focuses specifically on the new media platforms used to establish interactive dialogues with local communities. Preliminary results show that Oslo, Melbourne, and Madrid have used new media platforms for engaging public participation in a variety of urban development processes. Local districts in Oslo have begun to experiment with using social networking sites in conjunction with more traditional forms of digital communication such as email and SMS. In contrast, Melbourne has adopted Your City Your Voice, where citizens can engage with local government through surveys. Finally, the Decide Madrid platform has allowed citizens to directly impact area-based initiatives in the city and local districts of Madrid. The results additionally indicate that Oslo has relied to a greater extent than Melbourne or Madrid on mainstream new media platforms - i.e., Facebook.","PeriodicalId":178287,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130369873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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