Türkiye, which has a complex climate structure, is shown among the countries that will be most affected by climate change with the effect of global warming. These effects will differ in different regions due to their topographic structure, location, and orographic characteristics. Trend analyzes are used to determine the direction and magnitude of this variability. In this study, trend analysis was carried out by using hydrometeorological data obtained from streamflow and meteorology stations located in the Karasu Sub-Basin located in the Euphrates-Tigris Basin. Three innovative trend methods, namely the Şen-Innovative Trend Analysis, Onyutha Trend Test, Combination of Wilcoxon Test and Scatter Diagram trend tests, were used together with the classical Mann-Kendall method in the monthly scale analysis of hydrometeorological data of the 1979-2020 period. Both graphical and statistical trend analysis can be done with innovative methods. The results obtained in the study, in which trend analyses were evaluated at the α=0.05 significance level, reveal significant and insignificant decreasing trends in the parameters of mean streamflow, maximum precipitation, total precipitation, mean and minimum relative humidity. Significant and insignificant increasing trends were determined in the maximum, minimum, and mean temperature, maximum relative humidity, and mean wind speed data. The trends obtained in the methods used in general are consistent with each other. The findings of this study could lead to a better knowledge of the region's hydrology and contribute sustainable water management. The trend analysis methods used in the study are thought to be quite helpful in the analysis of hydro-meteorological time series.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF INNOVATIVE TREND ANALYSIS METHODS FOR HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE KARASU SUB-BASIN","authors":"Cihangir Köyceği̇z, Meral Büyükyildiz","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1291179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1291179","url":null,"abstract":"Türkiye, which has a complex climate structure, is shown among the countries that will be most affected by climate change with the effect of global warming. These effects will differ in different regions due to their topographic structure, location, and orographic characteristics. Trend analyzes are used to determine the direction and magnitude of this variability. In this study, trend analysis was carried out by using hydrometeorological data obtained from streamflow and meteorology stations located in the Karasu Sub-Basin located in the Euphrates-Tigris Basin. Three innovative trend methods, namely the Şen-Innovative Trend Analysis, Onyutha Trend Test, Combination of Wilcoxon Test and Scatter Diagram trend tests, were used together with the classical Mann-Kendall method in the monthly scale analysis of hydrometeorological data of the 1979-2020 period. Both graphical and statistical trend analysis can be done with innovative methods. The results obtained in the study, in which trend analyses were evaluated at the α=0.05 significance level, reveal significant and insignificant decreasing trends in the parameters of mean streamflow, maximum precipitation, total precipitation, mean and minimum relative humidity. Significant and insignificant increasing trends were determined in the maximum, minimum, and mean temperature, maximum relative humidity, and mean wind speed data. The trends obtained in the methods used in general are consistent with each other. The findings of this study could lead to a better knowledge of the region's hydrology and contribute sustainable water management. The trend analysis methods used in the study are thought to be quite helpful in the analysis of hydro-meteorological time series.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73423435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Located 145 km away from Konya, the Körükini cave is one of the most important caves of the Derebucak area. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the stability of the Körükini cave. For this purpose, we conducted geological field trips, took block samples and made in-situ field tests. Following these steps, we applied laboratory tests to determine physico-mechanical properties on rock samples taken from the cave. Based on the RMR, GSI, Q, RMi classification, rock mass values were determined for the Körükini Cave. Thus, average RMR is 60, average Q is 8.2, average GSI is 75 and average RMi 11.64. the obtained data show that the Körükini Cave is unstable in all locations according to empirical stability evaluation. Thus, support (e.g. systematic bolting, fibre reinforced shotcrete and bolting, and fibre reinforced shotcrete and bolting) is needed for the Körükini Cave.
{"title":"THE EMPIRICAL STABILITY EVALUATION OF THE KÖRÜKINI CAVE, DEREBUCAK, KONYA","authors":"A. F. Bayram, Naji Alqubali̇","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1326824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1326824","url":null,"abstract":"Located 145 km away from Konya, the Körükini cave is one of the most important caves of the Derebucak area. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the stability of the Körükini cave. For this purpose, we conducted geological field trips, took block samples and made in-situ field tests. Following these steps, we applied laboratory tests to determine physico-mechanical properties on rock samples taken from the cave.\u0000Based on the RMR, GSI, Q, RMi classification, rock mass values were determined for the Körükini Cave. Thus, average RMR is 60, average Q is 8.2, average GSI is 75 and average RMi 11.64. the obtained data show that the Körükini Cave is unstable in all locations according to empirical stability evaluation. Thus, support (e.g. systematic bolting, fibre reinforced shotcrete and bolting, and fibre reinforced shotcrete and bolting) is needed for the Körükini Cave.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80454750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The application of new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Method (M-EDM) in Turkey needs a huge data about the materials properties under specific climate and traffic conditions. Sensitivity Analysis (SA) can reduce time, effort and cost required for the determination and collection of this data. One-At-a-Time (OAT) SA was conducted using different Quantitative and Qualitative methods. Graphical, Normalized Sensitivity Index NSI and Distance Sensitivity Index DSI were used to determine the most sensitive factors (property). DSI was used for the first time in this study to conduct SA for both continuous and categorical parameters using one equation. Two climate regions, three traffic categories and different types of asphalt were used. MnPave software was used to conduct Mechanistic-Empirical analysis. The results were important and many conclusions and recommendations were reported.
{"title":"NEW METRIC FOR THE CALCULATION OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS INDEX OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT USING MECHANISTIC-EMPIRICAL APPROACH, TURKEY-CASE STUDY","authors":"Saadoon Obaid Eyada, O. Çelik, Nibras Y. Abdulla","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1303333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1303333","url":null,"abstract":"The application of new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Method (M-EDM) in Turkey needs a huge data about the materials properties under specific climate and traffic conditions. Sensitivity Analysis (SA) can reduce time, effort and cost required for the determination and collection of this data. One-At-a-Time (OAT) SA was conducted using different Quantitative and Qualitative methods. Graphical, Normalized Sensitivity Index NSI and Distance Sensitivity Index DSI were used to determine the most sensitive factors (property). DSI was used for the first time in this study to conduct SA for both continuous and categorical parameters using one equation. Two climate regions, three traffic categories and different types of asphalt were used. MnPave software was used to conduct Mechanistic-Empirical analysis. The results were important and many conclusions and recommendations were reported.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87062913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Buse Bayram, Mert Kara, Rabia Yumuşak, Ahmet Cürebal, Tamer Eren
Günümüzde artan nüfusla birlikte bireysel araç sayısı ve dolayısıyla trafik yoğunluğu da her geçen gün artmaktadır. Hem şehir içi hem de şehirlerarası trafik yoğunluğunu azaltmaya yönelik olarak çalışmalar yapılmakta olup, şehirleri daha hızlı ve ekonomik bir şekilde birbirlerine bağlayan yüksek hızlı tren (YHT) projesi bunlardan biridir. Kırıkkale ilinde YHT istasyonunun kurulacak olması, efektif ilçe bağlantıları yapılarak daha fazla insanın kolay bir şekilde YHT hizmetini kullanması trafik yoğunluğu sorununa büyük etki edecektir. Bu bağlamda belediye otobüslerinin YHT istasyonu için ilçe bağlantılarının sağlanmasında Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to An Ideal Solution) ve PROMETHEE (The Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation) entegre şekilde kullanılmıştır. Yöntem sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında Kırıkkale Üniversitesi – Osmangazi hattı için 2. güzergâhın seçildiği görülmekte olup, diğer ilçeler için de alternatif güzergâhların sıralamaları elde edilmiştir. Çalışma, Kırıkkale’de açılacak YHT durağı ile ilçelerin ve binlerce öğrencisi bulunan üniversitenin bağlantısını sağlamakta olduğundan, il bazında yapılmış en kapsamlı çalışma özelliğini taşımasının yanı sıra YHT için güzergâh belirleme çalışması olarak da literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır.
{"title":"Determination of District Routes of Municipal Buses for YHT Station with MCDM: The Case of Kirikkale Province","authors":"Buse Bayram, Mert Kara, Rabia Yumuşak, Ahmet Cürebal, Tamer Eren","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1131214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1131214","url":null,"abstract":"Günümüzde artan nüfusla birlikte bireysel araç sayısı ve dolayısıyla trafik yoğunluğu da her geçen gün artmaktadır. Hem şehir içi hem de şehirlerarası trafik yoğunluğunu azaltmaya yönelik olarak çalışmalar yapılmakta olup, şehirleri daha hızlı ve ekonomik bir şekilde birbirlerine bağlayan yüksek hızlı tren (YHT) projesi bunlardan biridir. Kırıkkale ilinde YHT istasyonunun kurulacak olması, efektif ilçe bağlantıları yapılarak daha fazla insanın kolay bir şekilde YHT hizmetini kullanması trafik yoğunluğu sorununa büyük etki edecektir. Bu bağlamda belediye otobüslerinin YHT istasyonu için ilçe bağlantılarının sağlanmasında Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to An Ideal Solution) ve PROMETHEE (The Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation) entegre şekilde kullanılmıştır. Yöntem sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında Kırıkkale Üniversitesi – Osmangazi hattı için 2. güzergâhın seçildiği görülmekte olup, diğer ilçeler için de alternatif güzergâhların sıralamaları elde edilmiştir. Çalışma, Kırıkkale’de açılacak YHT durağı ile ilçelerin ve binlerce öğrencisi bulunan üniversitenin bağlantısını sağlamakta olduğundan, il bazında yapılmış en kapsamlı çalışma özelliğini taşımasının yanı sıra YHT için güzergâh belirleme çalışması olarak da literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83364002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is used to elevate health-related disorders. This technology is now an important therapeutic system for medical science. In this system, the electrical current pulse is applied over the skin through the inner layers via electrodes to activate excitable tissue layers. Activating other excitable tissue layers may cause discomfort. Thus, it is vital to design electrode configuration arrangements to activate the target anatomical layers without affecting the neighboring ones. A device for primary headaches showed mixed results. This may be related to the electrode position that requires higher stimulus current levels to activate target nerve fibers. This may stimulate neighboring nerve fibers which resulted in the discomfort of patients. A feasible solution is to identify the optimal electrode configuration based on the activation function which is the second derivative of the electric potential along an axon. This may guide to estimate of the possibility of action potential generation on the neural tissue layer using a specified electrode arrangement. In this study, the multilayered human head was developed based on MRI data set using pre and post-processing. Then multi-electrode arrangements were developed to examine the possible nerve activation location. Results showed that the nerve fibers were activated at the same location of the trajectory for the anodal and cathodal stimulation. This may be proof that the activation function can be used to define the optimal location of nerve activation. This may lead to lower thresholds for similar therapeutic benefits in transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with decreased power consumption.
{"title":"OPTIMAL LOCATION OF ACTION POTENTIAL GENERATION BASED ON ACTIVATION FUNCTION USING COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING","authors":"E. Salkim","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1240153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1240153","url":null,"abstract":"Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is used to elevate health-related disorders. This technology is now an important therapeutic system for medical science. In this system, the electrical current pulse is applied over the skin through the inner layers via electrodes to activate excitable tissue layers. Activating other excitable tissue layers may cause discomfort. Thus, it is vital to design electrode configuration arrangements to activate the target anatomical layers without affecting the neighboring ones. A device for primary headaches showed mixed results. This may be related to the electrode position that requires higher stimulus current levels to activate target nerve fibers. This may stimulate neighboring nerve fibers which resulted in the discomfort of patients. A feasible solution is to identify the optimal electrode configuration based on the activation function which is the second derivative of the electric potential along an axon. This may guide to estimate of the possibility of action potential generation on the neural tissue layer using a specified electrode arrangement. In this study, the multilayered human head was developed based on MRI data set using pre and post-processing. Then multi-electrode arrangements were developed to examine the possible nerve activation location. Results showed that the nerve fibers were activated at the same location of the trajectory for the anodal and cathodal stimulation. This may be proof that the activation function can be used to define the optimal location of nerve activation. This may lead to lower thresholds for similar therapeutic benefits in transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with decreased power consumption.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89602860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seral Özşen, Yasin Koca, G. Tezel, Sena Çeper, Serkan Küççüktürk, H. Vatansev
Spending too much time on manual sleep staging is tiring and challenging for sleep specialists. In addition, experience in sleep staging also creates different decisions for sleep experts. The search for finding an effective automatic sleep staging system has been accelerated in the last few years. There are many studies dealing with this problem but very few of them were conducted with real sleep data. Studies have been carried out on mostly processed and cleaned-ready data sets. In addition, there are few studies in which the data distribution in sleep stages is balanced (equal numbers of epochs from each stage are used), and it is seen that the performance of these studies is quite low compared to other studies. When the literature studies are examined, there is a wide range of studies in which many features are extracted, many feature selection methods are used, many classifiers are applied and various combinations of these are available. For this reason, to determine the best-performing features and the most powerful features, 168 features were extracted from the real EEG, EOG, and EMG signals of 124 patients. These features were selected with 7 different feature selection methods, and classification was carried out with 4 classifiers. In general, the ReliefF feature selection method has performed best, and the Bagged Tree classifier has reached the highest classification accuracy of 67.92% with the use of nonlinear features.
{"title":"DETERMINING THE MOST POWERFUL FEATURES IN THE DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATIC SLEEP STAGING SYSTEM","authors":"Seral Özşen, Yasin Koca, G. Tezel, Sena Çeper, Serkan Küççüktürk, H. Vatansev","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1073932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1073932","url":null,"abstract":"Spending too much time on manual sleep staging is tiring and challenging for sleep specialists. In addition, experience in sleep staging also creates different decisions for sleep experts. The search for finding an effective automatic sleep staging system has been accelerated in the last few years. There are many studies dealing with this problem but very few of them were conducted with real sleep data. Studies have been carried out on mostly processed and cleaned-ready data sets. In addition, there are few studies in which the data distribution in sleep stages is balanced (equal numbers of epochs from each stage are used), and it is seen that the performance of these studies is quite low compared to other studies. When the literature studies are examined, there is a wide range of studies in which many features are extracted, many feature selection methods are used, many classifiers are applied and various combinations of these are available. For this reason, to determine the best-performing features and the most powerful features, 168 features were extracted from the real EEG, EOG, and EMG signals of 124 patients. These features were selected with 7 different feature selection methods, and classification was carried out with 4 classifiers. In general, the ReliefF feature selection method has performed best, and the Bagged Tree classifier has reached the highest classification accuracy of 67.92% with the use of nonlinear features.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86902713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, ceramics, polymers, and composites have been used to develop biologically and mechanically suitable bone scaffolds. β-tricalcium phosphate（β-TCP) is a widely used bioceramic in bone tissue engineering. It shows excellent osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and good biocompatibility properties, as its chemical composition is similar to the original chemical structure of bone. Herein, we designed β-TCP-PLA composite scaffolds containing two different concentrations of silicate additives. We aimed to investigate the effect of silicate-additive with varying concentrations (0.8% and 1%) on osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) seeded flexible bone grafts. The morphological structure of β-TCP-PLA-based bone grafts was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the tensile strength of grafts was evaluated. The results showed that scaffolds had porous and flexible structures. hMSCs osteogenic differentiation was evaluated with the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and DNA content measurements. Compared with β-TCP-PLA grafts, these designed synthetic flexible bone grafts with 0.8% and 1% silicate-additive significantly promoted hMSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, 0.8% silicate-additive β-TCP-PLA grafts showed increased ALP activity. The outcomes of the present study suggest that synthetic flexible bone grafts with silicate-additive might be useful for encouraging the regeneration of bone.
{"title":"ENHANCED OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS BY FLEXIBLE β-TCP/PLA BONE GRAFTS WITH SILICATE ADDITIVE","authors":"Günnur Onak Pulat, Gülşah Sunal, O. Karaman","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1198527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1198527","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, ceramics, polymers, and composites have been used to develop biologically and mechanically suitable bone scaffolds. β-tricalcium phosphate（β-TCP) is a widely used bioceramic in bone tissue engineering. It shows excellent osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and good biocompatibility properties, as its chemical composition is similar to the original chemical structure of bone. Herein, we designed β-TCP-PLA composite scaffolds containing two different concentrations of silicate additives. We aimed to investigate the effect of silicate-additive with varying concentrations (0.8% and 1%) on osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) seeded flexible bone grafts. The morphological structure of β-TCP-PLA-based bone grafts was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the tensile strength of grafts was evaluated. The results showed that scaffolds had porous and flexible structures. hMSCs osteogenic differentiation was evaluated with the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and DNA content measurements. Compared with β-TCP-PLA grafts, these designed synthetic flexible bone grafts with 0.8% and 1% silicate-additive significantly promoted hMSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, 0.8% silicate-additive β-TCP-PLA grafts showed increased ALP activity. The outcomes of the present study suggest that synthetic flexible bone grafts with silicate-additive might be useful for encouraging the regeneration of bone.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81602824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, post-weld friction stir processing (FSP) was applied to eliminate the grain coarsening disadvantages encountered in the heat-affected zone when joining AA5754 aluminum alloy with Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). As a result of welding in two passes and with the low heat input by selecting the appropriate welding parameters, all welding seams were produced without macro defects. Despite all these precautions, grain coarsening has occurred in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), as expected. Significant amounts of grain refinement were detected as a result of the FSP applied to the regions with grain coarsening. Consequently, the grain refinement in the HAZ, the tensile strength increased slightly, in contrast with ductility has significantly increased (around from 6% to 19%). In the tensile tests, the rupture occurred in the HAZ in the GTAWed specimens, while the rupture occurred in the base material close to the HAZ in all FSPed specimens. In addition, the high hardness values of HAZ of the GTAWed samples were reduced to the base material hardness values in all FSPed samples, resulting in a more homogeneous hardness distribution.
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF HEAT AFFECTED ZONE OF GTAWed 5754 ALUMINUM ALLOY WITH FSP","authors":"F. Kahraman, G. Gençer, Coşkun Yolcu","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1255353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1255353","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, post-weld friction stir processing (FSP) was applied to eliminate the grain coarsening disadvantages encountered in the heat-affected zone when joining AA5754 aluminum alloy with Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). As a result of welding in two passes and with the low heat input by selecting the appropriate welding parameters, all welding seams were produced without macro defects. Despite all these precautions, grain coarsening has occurred in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), as expected. Significant amounts of grain refinement were detected as a result of the FSP applied to the regions with grain coarsening. Consequently, the grain refinement in the HAZ, the tensile strength increased slightly, in contrast with ductility has significantly increased (around from 6% to 19%). In the tensile tests, the rupture occurred in the HAZ in the GTAWed specimens, while the rupture occurred in the base material close to the HAZ in all FSPed specimens. In addition, the high hardness values of HAZ of the GTAWed samples were reduced to the base material hardness values in all FSPed samples, resulting in a more homogeneous hardness distribution.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75824617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Egemen Özçeli̇k, Clever NG'ANDU, Begum Tabakci, Mustafa Tabakci
As a Zn2+ fluorescent probe, we have designed and synthesized a new type of calixarene Schiff-base ligand (L) possessing a 1-phenylethylamine group as the fluorophore and the receptor. As only Zn2+ caused a significant increase in fluorescence emission intensity at 480 nm and the limit of detection (LOD) reached 4.8 x 10-7 M, the synthesized fluorescent probe L demonstrated high selectivity and sensitivity towards Zn2+ compared to other metal ions. In addition, the formation of a 1:1 complex between probe L and Zn2+ was determined. As a consequence, it was determined that probe L can be utilized for the detection and monitoring of Zn2+ in the environment.
{"title":"PHENYLETHYLAMINE DERIVATIVE OF CALIX[4]ARENE SCHIFF BASE FOR FLUOROMETRIC DETECTION OF ZINC ION","authors":"Egemen Özçeli̇k, Clever NG'ANDU, Begum Tabakci, Mustafa Tabakci","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1299268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1299268","url":null,"abstract":"As a Zn2+ fluorescent probe, we have designed and synthesized a new type of calixarene Schiff-base ligand (L) possessing a 1-phenylethylamine group as the fluorophore and the receptor. As only Zn2+ caused a significant increase in fluorescence emission intensity at 480 nm and the limit of detection (LOD) reached 4.8 x 10-7 M, the synthesized fluorescent probe L demonstrated high selectivity and sensitivity towards Zn2+ compared to other metal ions. In addition, the formation of a 1:1 complex between probe L and Zn2+ was determined. As a consequence, it was determined that probe L can be utilized for the detection and monitoring of Zn2+ in the environment.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81381814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optimization problems occur in three different structures: continuous, discrete, and hybrid. Metaheuristic algorithms, which are frequently preferred in the solution of optimization problems today, are mostly proposed for continuous problems and are discretized with subsequent modifications. In this study, a novel binary version (Bin_MRFOA) of the manta ray foraging optimization algorithm, which was frequently used in the solution of continuous optimization problems before, was proposed to be used in the solution of binary optimization problems. The Bin_MRFOA was first tested on ten classical benchmark functions, and the effect of the transfer function on performance was examined by comparing the variants obtained using eight different transfer functions. Then the most successful Bin_MRFOA variant was run on the eighteen CEC2005 benchmark functions. The results were compared with the algorithms in the literature and interpreted with Wilcoxon signed-rank and Friedman tests, which are nonparametric tests. The results revealed that Bin_MRFOA is a successful, competitive, and preferable algorithm compared to the literature.
{"title":"BIN_MRFOA: İkili Optimizasyon İçin Yeni Bir Manta Vatozu Beslenme Optimizasyonu Algoritması","authors":"Gülnur YILDIZDAN","doi":"10.36306/konjes.1165964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1165964","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization problems occur in three different structures: continuous, discrete, and hybrid. Metaheuristic algorithms, which are frequently preferred in the solution of optimization problems today, are mostly proposed for continuous problems and are discretized with subsequent modifications. In this study, a novel binary version (Bin_MRFOA) of the manta ray foraging optimization algorithm, which was frequently used in the solution of continuous optimization problems before, was proposed to be used in the solution of binary optimization problems. The Bin_MRFOA was first tested on ten classical benchmark functions, and the effect of the transfer function on performance was examined by comparing the variants obtained using eight different transfer functions. Then the most successful Bin_MRFOA variant was run on the eighteen CEC2005 benchmark functions. The results were compared with the algorithms in the literature and interpreted with Wilcoxon signed-rank and Friedman tests, which are nonparametric tests. The results revealed that Bin_MRFOA is a successful, competitive, and preferable algorithm compared to the literature.","PeriodicalId":17899,"journal":{"name":"Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135674277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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