Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164162
V. Aggarwal, M. Patterh
This paper introduces a new quality controlled Discrete Cosine transform (DCT) and Laplacian Pyramid based compression method for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The ECG signal is transformed using DCT and Laplacian Pyramid. The transformed coefficients are thresholded using the bisection algorithm in order to match the predefined user specified percentage root mean square difference (PRD) within the tolerance. Then, the binary lookup table is made to store the position map for zero and non-zero coefficients (NZC). The NZC are quantized by Max-Lloyd quantizer followed by Arithmetic coding. Lookup table is encoded by Huffman coding. The results are presented on different ECG signals of varying characteristic. The results show that DCT gives better performance at low PRD. The results show that Laplacian Pyramid provides better CR over 2.5 PRD value on the normal rhythm (MIT-BIH 117) as compared to DCT, whereas on abnormal rhythm (MIT-BIH 232) the behavior of the transforms is opposite.
{"title":"Quality controlled ECG compression using Discrete Cosine transform (DCT) and Laplacian Pyramid (LP)","authors":"V. Aggarwal, M. Patterh","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164162","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new quality controlled Discrete Cosine transform (DCT) and Laplacian Pyramid based compression method for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The ECG signal is transformed using DCT and Laplacian Pyramid. The transformed coefficients are thresholded using the bisection algorithm in order to match the predefined user specified percentage root mean square difference (PRD) within the tolerance. Then, the binary lookup table is made to store the position map for zero and non-zero coefficients (NZC). The NZC are quantized by Max-Lloyd quantizer followed by Arithmetic coding. Lookup table is encoded by Huffman coding. The results are presented on different ECG signals of varying characteristic. The results show that DCT gives better performance at low PRD. The results show that Laplacian Pyramid provides better CR over 2.5 PRD value on the normal rhythm (MIT-BIH 117) as compared to DCT, whereas on abnormal rhythm (MIT-BIH 232) the behavior of the transforms is opposite.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130127023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164240
A. Taherinia, M. Jamzad
In this paper, we proposed a categorization for most of the existing watermarking algorithms that work in wavelet domain. Then an adaptive watermarking attack for digital images that is based on the proposed categorization is presented. This attack determines the flat regions, edges and textures of the watermarked image and based on known features of each region the proposed attack tries to destroy the watermark information by manipulating the wavelet coefficients of each region separately such that the least visual distortion will be imposed on the attacked image. We have tested the proposed method to attack two recent and robust watermarking methods and the results sound impressive. The average PSNR of the watermarked image after applying the proposed attack is more than 31dB and the average NC for extracted watermark is lowers than 0.4, so the watermark is not detectable. The proposed method does not consider any knowledge about the underlying watermarking algorithm.
{"title":"A new adaptive watermarking attack in wavelet domain","authors":"A. Taherinia, M. Jamzad","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164240","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we proposed a categorization for most of the existing watermarking algorithms that work in wavelet domain. Then an adaptive watermarking attack for digital images that is based on the proposed categorization is presented. This attack determines the flat regions, edges and textures of the watermarked image and based on known features of each region the proposed attack tries to destroy the watermark information by manipulating the wavelet coefficients of each region separately such that the least visual distortion will be imposed on the attacked image. We have tested the proposed method to attack two recent and robust watermarking methods and the results sound impressive. The average PSNR of the watermarked image after applying the proposed attack is more than 31dB and the average NC for extracted watermark is lowers than 0.4, so the watermark is not detectable. The proposed method does not consider any knowledge about the underlying watermarking algorithm.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133830578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164169
S. Esakkirajan, T. Veerakumar, P. Navaneethan
This paper presents a new video compression technique which is based on adaptive vector quantization of multiwavelet coefficients. Three types of redundancies that are common in video sequences are spatial, temporal and psycho visual redundancies. In this work, the spatial redundancy is minimized using Multiwavelet transform, temporal redundancy is minimized using Kite Cross Diamond Search motion estimation algorithm, and the psycho visual redundancy is minimized using adaptive vector quantization technique. The objective of the paper is to develop a low bit rate video coder with acceptable visual quality. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with wavelet based video coder. Simulation results show that multiwavelet based adaptive vector quantization gives better coding performance than wavelet based adaptive vector quantization scheme.
{"title":"Adaptive vector quantization based video compression scheme","authors":"S. Esakkirajan, T. Veerakumar, P. Navaneethan","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164169","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new video compression technique which is based on adaptive vector quantization of multiwavelet coefficients. Three types of redundancies that are common in video sequences are spatial, temporal and psycho visual redundancies. In this work, the spatial redundancy is minimized using Multiwavelet transform, temporal redundancy is minimized using Kite Cross Diamond Search motion estimation algorithm, and the psycho visual redundancy is minimized using adaptive vector quantization technique. The objective of the paper is to develop a low bit rate video coder with acceptable visual quality. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with wavelet based video coder. Simulation results show that multiwavelet based adaptive vector quantization gives better coding performance than wavelet based adaptive vector quantization scheme.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164160
R. Thandan Babu Naik, D. Srinagesh, R. V. Raghavan, H. Satyanarayana, D. Shashidhar
This paper addresses the problem of improved earthquake parameter estimation of seismic signal in the presence of seismic noise recorded by Digital Seismic Recorder. A novel algorithm is investigated in two stages. First, the noisy earthquake signal power spectrum is estimated and the second step is to eliminate the estimated noise from the observed signal by spectral subtraction or Wiener filtering. This algorithm preserves the earthquake signal information and gives accurate earthquake parameters after enhancement process.
{"title":"Seismic signal enhancement through statistical (Wiener) approach","authors":"R. Thandan Babu Naik, D. Srinagesh, R. V. Raghavan, H. Satyanarayana, D. Shashidhar","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164160","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of improved earthquake parameter estimation of seismic signal in the presence of seismic noise recorded by Digital Seismic Recorder. A novel algorithm is investigated in two stages. First, the noisy earthquake signal power spectrum is estimated and the second step is to eliminate the estimated noise from the observed signal by spectral subtraction or Wiener filtering. This algorithm preserves the earthquake signal information and gives accurate earthquake parameters after enhancement process.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114841117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164168
Anchal Jain
Video data compression uses interframe coding to remove temporal redundancy and motion compensation plays a vital role in it. Generally, the block matching techniques are used for motion compensation and the matching criterions used are Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) and Mean Square Error (MSE). MSE has more computation than MAD and therefore, MAD is the most preferred block matching criterion for its low computation and simplicity. It has been found that MAD does not satisfies the low bit rate requirement for coding purposes as it considers the average value of the residue frame. In this paper, an efficient block matching criterion for motion compensation is being proposed and compared with MAD and MSE. Experimental results show that the proposed criterion gives better results in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and average bits/pixel value.
{"title":"Bit reduction based matching criterion for motion compensation in video coding","authors":"Anchal Jain","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164168","url":null,"abstract":"Video data compression uses interframe coding to remove temporal redundancy and motion compensation plays a vital role in it. Generally, the block matching techniques are used for motion compensation and the matching criterions used are Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) and Mean Square Error (MSE). MSE has more computation than MAD and therefore, MAD is the most preferred block matching criterion for its low computation and simplicity. It has been found that MAD does not satisfies the low bit rate requirement for coding purposes as it considers the average value of the residue frame. In this paper, an efficient block matching criterion for motion compensation is being proposed and compared with MAD and MSE. Experimental results show that the proposed criterion gives better results in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and average bits/pixel value.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123475759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164233
Musheer Ahmad, Chanki Gupta, Ankit Varshney
In the past decade, a number of image encryption algorithms based on chaotic maps have been proposed. Recently, an image encryption algorithm based on chaotic map lattice (CML) is proposed that allows direct encryption and decryption of color digital images. In this paper, we propose an enhanced CML based algorithm for image encryption to improve the security of the algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed through computer simulations. It is shown that the enhanced algorithm successfully and completely encrypts the color images and provides more distortion to the plainimages than previously proposed CML based algorithm for the same set of parameters. It is also shown that the proposed algorithm is more sensitive to a small change in plainimages, number of iterations and number of cycles. This makes the proposed algorithm more efficient and improves the level of security provided by the algorithm.
{"title":"Digital image encryption based on chaotic map for secure transmission","authors":"Musheer Ahmad, Chanki Gupta, Ankit Varshney","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164233","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decade, a number of image encryption algorithms based on chaotic maps have been proposed. Recently, an image encryption algorithm based on chaotic map lattice (CML) is proposed that allows direct encryption and decryption of color digital images. In this paper, we propose an enhanced CML based algorithm for image encryption to improve the security of the algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed through computer simulations. It is shown that the enhanced algorithm successfully and completely encrypts the color images and provides more distortion to the plainimages than previously proposed CML based algorithm for the same set of parameters. It is also shown that the proposed algorithm is more sensitive to a small change in plainimages, number of iterations and number of cycles. This makes the proposed algorithm more efficient and improves the level of security provided by the algorithm.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132094042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164170
S. Swamy, S. Joshi, E.Y. Naresh kumar
The dual-tree complex wavelet transform (CWT) is a relatively recent enhancement to the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). It is nearly shift invariant and directionally selective in two and higher dimensions. Firstly the works of A.Gupta is studied for real wavelets and on the similar lines equations are formulated for real signal and complex -valued filter coefficients for 2-channel complex filter bank. Secondly the equations are written for complex inputs and complex filters. The matched wavelet filter bank concept is implemented for the dual tree system with the help of derived equations.
{"title":"A new method for estimating signal matched dual tree complex wavelet system","authors":"S. Swamy, S. Joshi, E.Y. Naresh kumar","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164170","url":null,"abstract":"The dual-tree complex wavelet transform (CWT) is a relatively recent enhancement to the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). It is nearly shift invariant and directionally selective in two and higher dimensions. Firstly the works of A.Gupta is studied for real wavelets and on the similar lines equations are formulated for real signal and complex -valued filter coefficients for 2-channel complex filter bank. Secondly the equations are written for complex inputs and complex filters. The matched wavelet filter bank concept is implemented for the dual tree system with the help of derived equations.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127849834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164189
M. S. Ansari, Syed Atiqur Rahman
A feedback neural network based CMOS compatible circuit to solve a system of simultaneous linear equations is presented. The circuit has an associated transcendental energy function that ensures fast convergence to the exact solution while enjoying reduction in hardware complexity over existing schemes. HSPICE simulation results are presented for a chosen set of equations and are found to agree exactly with the algebraic solution.
{"title":"A non-linear neural circuit for solving system of simultaneous linear equations","authors":"M. S. Ansari, Syed Atiqur Rahman","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164189","url":null,"abstract":"A feedback neural network based CMOS compatible circuit to solve a system of simultaneous linear equations is presented. The circuit has an associated transcendental energy function that ensures fast convergence to the exact solution while enjoying reduction in hardware complexity over existing schemes. HSPICE simulation results are presented for a chosen set of equations and are found to agree exactly with the algebraic solution.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122786897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164212
S. Maheshwari, B. Chaturvedi
In this paper a new circuit for second-order versatile (current mode as well as voltage mode) quadrature oscillator is proposed. The circuit employs three differential voltage current conveyors and all grounded passive components, ideal for IC implementation. The circuit also possesses non-interactive frequency control. PSPICE simulations using 0.5µ CMOS parameters confirm the validity and practical utility of the proposed circuit.
{"title":"Versatile quadrature oscillator with grounded components","authors":"S. Maheshwari, B. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164212","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new circuit for second-order versatile (current mode as well as voltage mode) quadrature oscillator is proposed. The circuit employs three differential voltage current conveyors and all grounded passive components, ideal for IC implementation. The circuit also possesses non-interactive frequency control. PSPICE simulations using 0.5µ CMOS parameters confirm the validity and practical utility of the proposed circuit.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133763523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-14DOI: 10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164208
B. Ghosh, P. Swami, Tapan Gandhi, J. Santhosh, Sneh Anand
Interhemispheric dominance is an established yet paradoxical concept in neuroscience according to the activity of the body part and nature of the human physiology. The objective of the present study was to compare the various parameters and topography of EEG brain signals between left handed and right handed individuals during primary sensorimotor activity tasks and to find out the cause of hindrance, when a person tries to perform a job usually done by the dominant arm, with the other. Left and right handed normal individuals were asked to write words, which are new and novel to both the categories. These were formulated and presented in a manner such that memory does not play a significant role during the task execution. Subjects were instructed to write the words by using each hand successively in two experimental sessions. The EEG signals were recorded with 16-channel electrodes and were analyzed in time as well as frequency domain paradigm. Results indicate a significant reduction of alpha and beta power over parieto-temporal as well as fronto-central regions in each writing session. It is speculated that brain structures, which have been associated with sensory-motor task get desynchronized during the task execution and the hindrance effect is generated due to the neuronal coupling of both hemisphere in human brain.
{"title":"Interhemispheric interaction and cause of hindrance during handedness activity: An electro-physiological evidence","authors":"B. Ghosh, P. Swami, Tapan Gandhi, J. Santhosh, Sneh Anand","doi":"10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSPCT.2009.5164208","url":null,"abstract":"Interhemispheric dominance is an established yet paradoxical concept in neuroscience according to the activity of the body part and nature of the human physiology. The objective of the present study was to compare the various parameters and topography of EEG brain signals between left handed and right handed individuals during primary sensorimotor activity tasks and to find out the cause of hindrance, when a person tries to perform a job usually done by the dominant arm, with the other. Left and right handed normal individuals were asked to write words, which are new and novel to both the categories. These were formulated and presented in a manner such that memory does not play a significant role during the task execution. Subjects were instructed to write the words by using each hand successively in two experimental sessions. The EEG signals were recorded with 16-channel electrodes and were analyzed in time as well as frequency domain paradigm. Results indicate a significant reduction of alpha and beta power over parieto-temporal as well as fronto-central regions in each writing session. It is speculated that brain structures, which have been associated with sensory-motor task get desynchronized during the task execution and the hindrance effect is generated due to the neuronal coupling of both hemisphere in human brain.","PeriodicalId":179541,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131920873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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