The aim of the study was to compare the movement predisposition in the reflection of player functions in elite football players. The research team consisted of 49 probands dividend in to five game functions on the central defenders, full backs, central midfielders, wing midfielder and striker aged 17 to 36 years. Testing took place before the 2018/2019 season and we compared the values of the explosive force of three types of jump and isokinetic force of the lower limbs. There were three types of jump with free hands (CMJFA), jump with out arm (CMJ) and squat jump (SQJ). For isokinetic forces we compared the dominant and non-dominant limbs of the probands. We used the following machines: Kistler B8611A 400 Hz (KISTLER Instrumente AG, Switzerland) with BioWare 4.0.0 and MatlabR2013 software, Cyclone Humac Norm (Cybex NORM®, Humac, CA). We did not find any signifiant differences between the posts. However, it can not be said that there are no differences between player posts. The results of the explosive force show us, we found the highest average value in the CMJFA jump for the attackers. The highest median the CMJ has been measured by full backs and the highest average value is also observed for full backs in the last type of SQJ jump. The highest mean value for the isokinetic force of the knee extensions groups dominant but also in the non-dominant limb is found for central defenders. Central defenders also have the highest median for the isokinetic force of the flexor knee group of the non-dominant limb, and the isokinetic force of the flexor knee of the dominant limb has the highest median measured in the attackers.
{"title":"Differentiating the movement predisposition load with professional football players to individualize the training process","authors":"J. Michálek, T. Malý, F. Zahálka, E. Kunzmann","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.046","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to compare the movement predisposition in the reflection of player functions in elite football players. The research team consisted of 49 probands dividend in to five game functions on the central defenders, full backs, central midfielders, wing midfielder and striker aged 17 to 36 years. Testing took place before the 2018/2019 season and we compared the values of the explosive force of three types of jump and isokinetic force of the lower limbs. There were three types of jump with free hands (CMJFA), jump with out arm (CMJ) and squat jump (SQJ). For isokinetic forces we compared the dominant and non-dominant limbs of the probands. We used the following machines: Kistler B8611A 400 Hz (KISTLER Instrumente AG, Switzerland) with BioWare 4.0.0 and MatlabR2013 software, Cyclone Humac Norm (Cybex NORM®, Humac, CA). We did not find any signifiant differences between the posts. However, it can not be said that there are no differences between player posts. The results of the explosive force show us, we found the highest average value in the CMJFA jump for the attackers. The highest median the CMJ has been measured by full backs and the highest average value is also observed for full backs in the last type of SQJ jump. The highest mean value for the isokinetic force of the knee extensions groups dominant but also in the non-dominant limb is found for central defenders. Central defenders also have the highest median for the isokinetic force of the flexor knee group of the non-dominant limb, and the isokinetic force of the flexor knee of the dominant limb has the highest median measured in the attackers.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133523487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term fluctuation of the red blood count in an elite female runner","authors":"P. Červinka","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133665869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
If a player faces a pitching machine, he/she cannot see some important cues before the ball release, which are available if the player hits the balls delivered from a pitcher. The aim is to find, if hitting balls delivered from a pitching machine or a pitcher affect the players swing timing in softball. This is a case study. The subject hit balls delivered from a pitcher and pitching machine. This action was recorded by a high-speed video camera (200 fps). The swing timing was significantly different in specific phases of the swing. The subject initiated her movement 0,24 s earlier when she faced the pitcher compared to the pitching machine (d = –0,90). T-tests revealed significant difference (p < 0,05) in the backswing and forward swing duration in the pitcher and pitching machine conditions. These differences show change in swing timing, which can affect he movement coordination. Because this is a case study, we can’t generalize the results, but coaches should be aware about these issues.
{"title":"Hitting balls from a pitching machine and pitcher in softball: case study","authors":"J. Carboch, P. Smejkalova","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.050","url":null,"abstract":"If a player faces a pitching machine, he/she cannot see some important cues before the ball release, which are available if the player hits the balls delivered from a pitcher. The aim is to find, if hitting balls delivered from a pitching machine or a pitcher affect the players swing timing in softball. This is a case study. The subject hit balls delivered from a pitcher and pitching machine. This action was recorded by a high-speed video camera (200 fps). The swing timing was significantly different in specific phases of the swing. The subject initiated her movement 0,24 s earlier when she faced the pitcher compared to the pitching machine (d = –0,90). T-tests revealed significant difference (p < 0,05) in the backswing and forward swing duration in the pitcher and pitching machine conditions. These differences show change in swing timing, which can affect he movement coordination. Because this is a case study, we can’t generalize the results, but coaches should be aware about these issues.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132665009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Football World Championship 2018 in the context of teams' market values","authors":"J. Vorácek","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129790543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of sport preparation to development of agility in top woman's volleyball team","authors":"Ľ. Paška, P. Horička, J. Šimonek, A. Gavronová","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115332548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differences in the assessment of physical education between active and hypoactive students","authors":"K. Králová, L. Fialova","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123542530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claims on bodyguards are not just about psychological resilience, ie. stress management and stressful situations, but also physical readiness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the somatic profile, ie. physical constitution and analysis of parameters of body composition, for members of the Protective Services of the Police of the Czech Republic. The group consisted of 21 volunteers aged 28-55 years (mean age – 37.2 ± 8.2 years, body height – 184.0 ± 4.9 cm, body weight – 90.6 ± 9.7 kg, BMI – 26.7 ± 2.5 kg / m, body fat – 18.3 ± 4.0 %, fat free mass – 73.9 ± 6.7 kg, muscle mass – 70.2 ± 6.4 kg, TBW – 58.5 ± 3.3 %). The average somatotype of group was characterized by a triple number of 2.7 – 6.0 – 1.6, ie. the endomorphic mesomorph (61.9 % of group). At present, there are no legislative directives that would regulate the methodology of physical examination of the members of the Protective Service of the Police. This is despite the fact that the physical characteristics can significantly affect the physical fitness of the individual and hence the profession itself.
{"title":"Somatic profile in bodyguards of the Police of the Czech Republic","authors":"I. Kinkorová, P. Mejsnar, J. Heller, P. Vodicka","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.052","url":null,"abstract":"Claims on bodyguards are not just about psychological resilience, ie. stress management and stressful situations, but also physical readiness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the somatic profile, ie. physical constitution and analysis of parameters of body composition, for members of the Protective Services of the Police of the Czech Republic. The group consisted of 21 volunteers aged 28-55 years (mean age – 37.2 ± 8.2 years, body height – 184.0 ± 4.9 cm, body weight – 90.6 ± 9.7 kg, BMI – 26.7 ± 2.5 kg / m, body fat – 18.3 ± 4.0 %, fat free mass – 73.9 ± 6.7 kg, muscle mass – 70.2 ± 6.4 kg, TBW – 58.5 ± 3.3 %). The average somatotype of group was characterized by a triple number of 2.7 – 6.0 – 1.6, ie. the endomorphic mesomorph (61.9 % of group). At present, there are no legislative directives that would regulate the methodology of physical examination of the members of the Protective Service of the Police. This is despite the fact that the physical characteristics can significantly affect the physical fitness of the individual and hence the profession itself.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132653171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The review article refers to psychosocial factors which play an important role in the explanation of doping behaviour. The first part of the text is focused on elite sports where macro and micro-social impacts modify the attitudes of sportsman toward doping. Psychological factors are also taken into account in the explanation of the final decision to doping. The second part of the article refers to the impact of these factors in recreational sports. Authors speculate about social impacts of the specific background of fitness centers which play a substantial role in forming attitudes toward doping. The main pressuposition of effective doping prevention is the maximal limitation of doping substances. It is also essential to take into account social, psychological and cultural factors which play a substantial role in the explanation of doping behaviour.
{"title":"Doping as a negative psychosocial phenomenon in sport","authors":"J. Macho, P. Slepička","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.054","url":null,"abstract":"The review article refers to psychosocial factors which play an important role in the explanation of doping behaviour. The first part of the text is focused on elite sports where macro and micro-social impacts modify the attitudes of sportsman toward doping. Psychological factors are also taken into account in the explanation of the final decision to doping. The second part of the article refers to the impact of these factors in recreational sports. Authors speculate about social impacts of the specific background of fitness centers which play a substantial role in forming attitudes toward doping. The main pressuposition of effective doping prevention is the maximal limitation of doping substances. It is also essential to take into account social, psychological and cultural factors which play a substantial role in the explanation of doping behaviour.","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124814465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using of anabolic steroids (AS) by recreation bodybuilders","authors":"M. Kastnerová, V. Kukačka, V. Kursová, J. Rohlik","doi":"10.32725/sk.2019.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/sk.2019.044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":179970,"journal":{"name":"Studia Kinanthropologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123348447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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