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Immunologist Margaret Baird, a trailblazer in science and empowerment 免疫学专家Margaret Baird,科学和赋权领域的开拓者。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12694
Harriet Pope, Sophie Baird, Stephen Baird, Jessica G Borger

Emeritus Professor Margaret Baird forged a luminary career for her pioneering research investigating the role of dendritic cells in cancer and infectious diseases, as an inspirational lecturer at the University of Otago and a role model to many. In this article celebrating the 100-year anniversary of ICB, we discuss Margaret's career and life journey through the eyes of her family and coauthors, as we explore her many publications in ICB and beyond.

名誉教授玛格丽特·贝尔德(Margaret Baird)作为奥塔哥大学(University of Otago)鼓舞人心的讲师和许多人的榜样,因其研究树突细胞在癌症和传染病中的作用的开创性研究而开创了辉煌的职业生涯。在这篇庆祝ICB成立100周年的文章中,我们通过Margaret的家人和合著者的视角来讨论她的职业生涯和人生历程,同时探索她在ICB及其他领域的许多出版物。
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引用次数: 1
Immunology & Cell Biology Publication of the Year Award 2022 2022年度免疫学和细胞生物学出版物奖。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12696
Adrian Liston

Immunology & Cell Biology Publication of the Year Award 2022 winner, Felix Marsh-Wakefield.

《免疫学与细胞生物学》2022年度出版奖得主费利克斯·马什-韦克菲尔德。
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引用次数: 0
Broad spectrum SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity in hospitalized First Nations peoples recovering from COVID-19 新冠肺炎康复的住院第一民族人群的广谱SARS-CoV-2特异性免疫。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12691
Wuji Zhang, E Bridie Clemens, Lukasz Kedzierski, Brendon Y Chua, Mark Mayo, Claire Lonzi, Alexandra Hinchcliff, Vanessa Rigas, Bianca F Middleton, Paula Binks, Louise C Rowntree, Lilith F Allen, Hyon-Xhi Tan, Jan Petersen, Priyanka Chaurasia, Florian Krammer, Adam K Wheatley, Stephen J Kent, Jamie Rossjohn, Adrian Miller, Sarah Lynar, Jane Nelson, Thi HO Nguyen, Jane Davies, Katherine Kedzierska

Indigenous peoples globally are at increased risk of COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality. However, data that describe immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in Indigenous populations are lacking. We evaluated immune responses in Australian First Nations peoples hospitalized with COVID-19. Our work comprehensively mapped out inflammatory, humoral and adaptive immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients were recruited early following the lifting of strict public health measures in the Northern Territory, Australia, between November 2021 and May 2022. Australian First Nations peoples recovering from COVID-19 showed increased levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 cytokines, IgG-antibodies against Delta-RBD and memory SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses prior to hospital discharge in comparison with hospital admission, with resolution of hyperactivated HLA-DR+CD38+ T cells. SARS-CoV-2 infection elicited coordinated ASC, Tfh and CD8+ T cell responses in concert with CD4+ T cell responses. Delta and Omicron RBD-IgG, as well as Ancestral N-IgG antibodies, strongly correlated with Ancestral RBD-IgG antibodies and Spike-specific memory B cells. We provide evidence of broad and robust immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection in Indigenous peoples, resembling those of non-Indigenous COVID-19 hospitalized patients.

全球土著人民与新冠肺炎相关的发病率和死亡率风险增加。然而,缺乏描述土著人群对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染的免疫反应的数据。我们评估了因新冠肺炎住院的澳大利亚原住民的免疫反应。我们的工作全面绘制了严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染后的炎症、体液和适应性免疫反应。2021年11月至2022年5月,澳大利亚北领地解除严格的公共卫生措施后,患者被提前招募。与入院相比,从新冠肺炎中康复的澳大利亚原住民在出院前表现出MCP-1和IL-8细胞因子、针对Delta-RBD的IgG抗体和记忆性SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞反应水平升高,HLA-DR+CD38+T细胞过度活化。严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型感染引起协调的ASC、Tfh和CD8+T细胞反应,与CD4+T细胞响应一致。德尔塔和奥密克戎RBD IgG,以及祖先N-IgG抗体,与祖先RBD IgG抗体和刺突特异性记忆B细胞强相关。我们提供的证据表明,在土著人民感染SARS-CoV-2后,类似于非土著新冠肺炎住院患者的免疫反应广泛而强大。
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引用次数: 0
Artificial intelligence takes center stage: exploring the capabilities and implications of ChatGPT and other AI-assisted technologies in scientific research and education 人工智能占据中心舞台:探索ChatGPT和其他人工智能辅助技术在科学研究和教育中的能力和意义。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12689
Jessica G Borger, Ashley P Ng, Holly Anderton, George W Ashdown, Megan Auld, Marnie E Blewitt, Daniel V Brown, Melissa J Call, Peter Collins, Saskia Freytag, Leonard C Harrison, Eva Hesping, Jaci Hoysted, Anna Johnston, Andrew McInneny, Phil Tang, Lachlan Whitehead, Aaron Jex, Shalin H Naik

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) and assisted artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have revolutionized the way in which we interact with technology. A recent symposium at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute explored the current practical applications of LLMs in medical research and canvassed the emerging ethical, legal and social implications for the use of AI-assisted technologies in the sciences. This paper provides an overview of the symposium's key themes and discussions delivered by diverse speakers, including early career researchers, group leaders, educators and policy-makers highlighting the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead for scientific researchers and educators as we continue to explore the potential of this cutting-edge and emerging technology.

大型语言模型(LLM)和辅助人工智能(AI)技术的出现彻底改变了我们与技术互动的方式。Walter和Eliza Hall研究所最近举行的一次研讨会探讨了LLM在医学研究中的当前实际应用,并探讨了在科学中使用人工智能辅助技术的新伦理、法律和社会影响。本文概述了研讨会的主要主题和不同演讲者的讨论,包括早期职业研究人员、小组领导人、教育工作者和政策制定者,强调了在我们继续探索这一尖端和新兴技术的潜力时,科学研究人员和教育工作者面临的机遇和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Celebrating 100 years of Immunology & Cell Biology – a special focus on the field of tumor immunology in Australia 庆祝100 免疫学和细胞生物学多年,特别关注澳大利亚肿瘤免疫学领域
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12690
Snehlata Kumari, Rachael M Zemek, Umaimainthan Palendira, Lisa M Ebert

In this Commentary article, as part of the 100-year celebrations of the journal, we reflect on the contribution of articles published in ICB in the field of tumor immunology. A highlight is a series of interviews conducted with three Australian-based ICB authors who have contributed key papers over the years: Rajiv Khanna, Delia Nelson and Ian Frazer.

在这篇评论文章中,作为该杂志百年庆典的一部分,我们回顾了发表在ICB上的文章在肿瘤免疫学领域的贡献。一个亮点是对三位澳大利亚洲际弹道导弹作者进行的一系列采访,他们多年来贡献了关键论文:Rajiv Khanna、Delia Nelson和Ian Frazer。
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引用次数: 1
Defining the proteomic landscape of cultured macrophages and their polarization continuum 定义培养巨噬细胞的蛋白质组景观及其极化连续体。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12687
Tiah CL Oates, Pedro L Moura, Stephen Cross, Kiren Roberts, Holly E Baum, Katy L Haydn-Smith, Marieangela C Wilson, Kate J Heesom, Charlotte E Severn, Ashley M Toye

Macrophages have previously been characterized based on phenotypical and functional differences into suggested simplified subtypes of MØ, M1, M2a and M2c. These macrophage subtypes can be generated in a well-established primary monocyte culture model that produces cells expressing accepted subtype surface markers. To determine how these subtypes retain functional similarities and better understand their formation, we generated all four subtypes from the same donors. Comparative whole-cell proteomics confirmed that four distinct macrophage subtypes could be induced from the same donor material, with > 50% of 5435 identified proteins being significantly altered in abundance between subtypes. Functional assessment highlighted that these distinct protein expression profiles are primed to enable specific cell functions, indicating that this shifting proteome is predictive of meaningful changes in cell characteristics. Importantly, the 2552 proteins remained consistent in abundance across all macrophage subtypes examined, demonstrating maintenance of a stable core proteome that likely enables swift polarity changes. We next explored the cross-polarization capabilities of preactivated M1 macrophages treated with dexamethasone. Importantly, these treated cells undergo a partial repolarization toward the M2c surface markers but still retain the M1 functional phenotype. Our investigation of polarized macrophage subtypes therefore provides evidence of a sliding scale of macrophage functionality, with these data sets providing a valuable benchmark resource for further studies of macrophage polarity, with relevance for cell therapy development and drug discovery.

巨噬细胞先前已根据表型和功能差异被表征为Mæ、M1、M2a和M2c的简化亚型。这些巨噬细胞亚型可以在成熟的原代单核细胞培养模型中产生,该模型产生表达可接受的亚型表面标记的细胞。为了确定这些亚型如何保持功能相似性并更好地了解它们的形成,我们从相同的供体中生成了所有四种亚型。比较全细胞蛋白质组学证实,同一供体材料可以诱导四种不同的巨噬细胞亚型,5435种已鉴定的蛋白质中,50%以上的亚型之间的丰度发生了显著变化。功能评估强调,这些不同的蛋白质表达谱是为了实现特定的细胞功能,这表明这种蛋白质组的变化可以预测细胞特征的有意义的变化。重要的是,2552种蛋白质在 检测了所有巨噬细胞亚型的丰度,表明维持了一个稳定的核心蛋白质组,这可能会使极性发生快速变化。接下来,我们探索了地塞米松处理的预活化M1巨噬细胞的交叉极化能力。重要的是,这些处理过的细胞向M2c表面标记物进行部分复极,但仍保留M1功能表型。因此,我们对极化巨噬细胞亚型的研究为巨噬细胞功能的滑动提供了证据,这些数据集为进一步研究巨噬细胞极性提供了有价值的基准资源,与细胞治疗开发和药物发现相关。
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引用次数: 0
A conversation on allergy: recognizing the past and looking to the future 关于过敏的对话:认识过去,展望未来。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12688
Erik Melén, Bart N Lambrecht, Clare M Lloyd, Marc E Rothenberg, Kenji Kabashima, Fabio Luciani, Jonathan M Coquet, Carole Ober, Martijn C Nawijn, Thomas Platts-Mills, Erika von Mutius

Allergy is an ever-evolving group of disorders, which includes asthma, atopic dermatitis, rhinitis and food allergies and that currently affects over 1 billion people worldwide. This group of disorders has exploded in incidence since around the start of the 20th century, implying that genetics is not solely responsible for its development but that environmental factors have an important role. Here, Fabio Luciani and Jonathan Coquet, in their role as editors at Immunology & Cell Biology, asked nine prominent researchers in the field of allergy to define the term ‘allergy’, discuss the role of genetics and the environment, nominate the most important discoveries of the past decade and describe the best strategies to combat allergy at the population level going forward.

过敏是一组不断发展的疾病,包括哮喘、特应性皮炎、鼻炎和食物过敏,目前影响着全球超过10亿人。自20世纪初以来,这类疾病的发病率呈爆炸式增长,这意味着遗传学不仅对其发展负责,而且环境因素也发挥着重要作用。在这里,Fabio Luciani和Jonathan Coquet作为《免疫学与细胞生物学》的编辑,请过敏领域的九位著名研究人员定义“过敏”一词,讨论遗传学和 环境,提名过去十年中最重要的发现,并描述在人群水平上对抗过敏的最佳策略 向前地
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引用次数: 0
Mucosal antibody responses following Vaxzevria vaccination Vaxzevria疫苗接种后的粘膜抗体反应。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12685
Kevin J Selva, Pradhipa Ramanathan, Ebene R Haycroft, Chee Wah Tan, Lin-Fa Wang, Laura E Downie, Samantha K Davis, Ruth A Purcell, Helen E Kent, Jennifer A Juno, Adam K Wheatley, Miles P Davenport, Stephen J Kent, Amy W Chung

Mucosal antibodies play a key role in protection against breakthrough COVID-19 infections and emerging viral variants. Intramuscular adenovirus-based vaccination (Vaxzevria) only weakly induces nasal IgG and IgA responses, unless vaccinees have been previously infected. However, little is known about how Vaxzevria vaccination impacts the ability of mucosal antibodies to induce Fc responses, particularly against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs). Here, we profiled paired mucosal (saliva, tears) and plasma antibodies from COVID-19 vaccinated only vaccinees (uninfected, vaccinated) and COVID-19 recovered vaccinees (COVID-19 recovered, vaccinated) who both received Vaxzevria vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 ancestral-specific IgG antibodies capable of engaging FcγR3a were significantly higher in the mucosal samples of COVID-19 recovered Vaxzevria vaccinees in comparison with vaccinated only vaccinees. However, when IgG and FcγR3a engaging antibodies were tested against a panel of SARS-CoV-2 VoCs, the responses were ancestral-centric with weaker recognition of Omicron strains observed. In contrast, salivary IgA, but not plasma IgA, from Vaxzevria vaccinees displayed broad cross-reactivity across all SARS-CoV-2 VoCs tested. Our data highlight that while intramuscular Vaxzevria vaccination can enhance mucosal antibodies responses in COVID-19 recovered vaccinees, restrictions by ancestral-centric bias may have implications for COVID-19 protection. However, highly cross-reactive mucosal IgA could be key in addressing these gaps in mucosal immunity and may be an important focus of future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.

粘膜抗体在预防突破性新冠肺炎感染和新出现的病毒变异方面发挥着关键作用。基于腺病毒的肌肉内疫苗接种(Vaxzevria)只能微弱地诱导鼻腔IgG和IgA反应,除非接种者以前感染过。然而,关于Vaxzevria疫苗接种如何影响粘膜抗体诱导Fc反应的能力,尤其是针对SARS-CoV-2变异毒株(VoCs)的能力,目前知之甚少。在这里,我们描述了新冠肺炎疫苗接种者(未感染、接种)和新冠肺炎康复疫苗接种者的成对粘膜(唾液、眼泪)和血浆抗体(新冠肺炎康复、接种),他们都接种了Vaxzevria疫苗。与仅接种疫苗的接种者相比,新冠肺炎康复Vaxzevria疫苗接种者粘膜样本中能够与FcγR3a结合的SARS-CoV-2癌症特异性IgG抗体显著更高。然而,当IgG和FcγR3a结合抗体针对一组严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型VOC进行测试时,反应以祖先为中心,观察到对奥密克戎毒株的识别较弱。相反,来自Vaxzevria疫苗接种者的唾液IgA,而不是血浆IgA,在所有测试的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型VOC中显示出广泛的交叉反应性。我们的数据强调,虽然肌肉注射Vaxzevria疫苗可以增强新冠肺炎康复疫苗接种者的粘膜抗体反应,但以癌症为中心的偏见的限制可能会对新冠肺炎的保护产生影响。然而,高度交叉反应的粘膜IgA可能是解决粘膜免疫缺口的关键,也可能是未来严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型疫苗开发的重要重点。
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引用次数: 0
From chasing funding to a funding body 从追逐资金到资助机构。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12673
Ravinder Singh

In this article, I discuss how my scientific career has evolved, starting in an immunology lab and ending up at the Medical Research Council of the UK.

在这篇文章中,我将讨论我的科学生涯是如何发展的,从免疫学实验室开始,到英国医学研究委员会。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the anti-inflammatory activity of sulforaphane 萝卜硫素抗炎活性的研究
IF 4 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12686
Katie Treasure, James Harris, Gary Williamson

Dysregulation of innate immune responses can result in chronic inflammatory conditions. Glucocorticoids, the current frontline therapy, are effective immunosuppressive drugs but come with a trade-off of cumulative and serious side effects. Therefore, alternative drug options with improved safety profiles are urgently needed. Sulforaphane, a phytochemical derived from plants of the brassica family, is a potent inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes via nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2–related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling. Moreover, a growing body of evidence suggests additional diverse anti-inflammatory properties of sulforaphane through interactions with mediators of key signaling pathways and inflammatory cytokines. Multiple studies support a role for sulforaphane as a negative regulator of nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation and subsequent cytokine release, inflammasome activation and direct regulation of the activity of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Significantly, studies have also highlighted potential steroid-sparing activity for sulforaphane, suggesting that it may have potential as an adjunctive therapy for some inflammatory conditions. This review discusses published research on sulforaphane, including proposed mechanisms of action, and poses questions for future studies that might help progress our understanding of the potential clinical applications of this intriguing molecule.

先天免疫反应的失调会导致慢性炎症。糖皮质激素是目前的一线治疗药物,是有效的免疫抑制药物,但也有累积和严重副作用的权衡。因此,迫切需要具有改进的安全性的替代药物选择。硫醚菌胺是一种来源于芸苔科植物的植物化学物质,是通过核因子-红系因子2相关因子2(NRF2)信号传导的II期解毒酶的有效诱导剂。此外,越来越多的证据表明,莱菔硫素通过与关键信号通路和炎症细胞因子的介质相互作用,具有额外的多种抗炎特性。多项研究支持萝卜硫素作为核因子-κB轻链增强子的负调节因子的作用,激活B细胞(NF-κB)并随后释放细胞因子、炎症小体激活和直接调节巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子的活性。值得注意的是,研究还强调了莱菔硫素潜在的类固醇保留活性,表明它可能有潜力作为某些炎症条件的辅助治疗。这篇综述讨论了已发表的关于萝卜硫素的研究,包括拟议的作用机制,并对未来的研究提出了问题,这些研究可能有助于我们进一步了解这种有趣分子的潜在临床应用。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Immunology & Cell Biology
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