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Proteomics screening after pediatric allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reveals an association between increased expression of inhibitory receptor FCRL6 on γδ T cells and cytomegalovirus reactivation 小儿异基因造血干细胞移植后的蛋白质组学筛选显示,γδ T 细胞上抑制性受体 FCRL6 的表达增加与巨细胞病毒再活化有关。
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12762
Adam Alexandersson, Mikko S Venäläinen, Nelli Heikkilä, Xiaobo Huang, Mervi Taskinen, Pasi Huttunen, Laura L Elo, Minna Koskenvuo, Eliisa Kekäläinen

We studied the associations between inflammation-related proteins in circulation and complications after pediatric allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), to reveal proteomic signatures or individual soluble proteins associated with specific complications after HSCT. We used a proteomics method called Proximity Extension Assay to repeatedly measure 180 different proteins together with clinical variables, cellular immune reconstitution and blood viral copy numbers in 27 children (1–18 years of age) during a 2-year follow-up after allogenic HSCT. Protein profile analysis was performed using unsupervised hierarchical clustering and a regression-based method, while the Bonferroni-corrected Mann–Whitney U-test was used for time point–specific comparison of individual proteins against outcome. At 6 months after allogenic HSCT, we could identify a protein profile pattern associated with occurrence of the complications such as chronic graft-versus-host disease, viral infections, relapse and death. When protein markers were analyzed separately, the plasma concentration of the inhibitory and cytotoxic T-cell surface protein FCRL6 (Fc receptor-like 6) was higher in patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia [log2-fold change 1.5 (P = 0.00099), 2.5 (P = 0.00035) and 2.2 (P = 0.045) at time points 6, 12 and 24 months]. Flow cytometry confirmed that FCRL6 expression was higher in innate-like γδ T cells, indicating that these cells are involved in controlling CMV reactivation in HSCT recipients. In conclusion, the potentially druggable FCRL6 receptor on cytotoxic T cells appears to have a role in controlling CMV viremia after HSCT. Furthermore, our results suggest that system-level analysis is a useful addition to the studying of single biomarkers in allogenic HSCT.

我们研究了血液循环中的炎症相关蛋白与小儿异基因造血干细胞移植(HSCT)后并发症之间的关联,以揭示与造血干细胞移植后特定并发症相关的蛋白质组特征或单个可溶性蛋白。在异基因造血干细胞移植后两年的随访期间,我们使用一种名为 "接近延伸测定"(Proximity Extension Assay)的蛋白质组学方法,对27名儿童(1-18岁)的180种不同蛋白质以及临床变量、细胞免疫重建和血液病毒拷贝数进行了反复测定。使用无监督分层聚类和基于回归的方法对蛋白质概况进行了分析,同时使用经 Bonferroni 校正的 Mann-Whitney U 检验来比较单个蛋白质与结果的时间点特异性。异基因造血干细胞移植后6个月时,我们可以发现蛋白质特征模式与慢性移植物抗宿主病、病毒感染、复发和死亡等并发症的发生有关。在对蛋白质标记物进行单独分析时,有巨细胞病毒(CMV)病毒血症的患者血浆中抑制性和细胞毒性T细胞表面蛋白FCRL6(Fc受体样6)的浓度较高[在6、12和24个月的时间点,其对数倍变化分别为1.5(P = 0.00099)、2.5(P = 0.00035)和2.2(P = 0.045)]。流式细胞术证实,先天性γδT细胞中的FCRL6表达较高,表明这些细胞参与控制造血干细胞移植受者的CMV再激活。总之,细胞毒性 T 细胞上潜在的可药用 FCRL6 受体似乎在造血干细胞移植后控制 CMV 病毒血症中发挥作用。此外,我们的研究结果表明,系统级分析是对异基因造血干细胞移植中单一生物标志物研究的有益补充。
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引用次数: 0
Making science accessible for blind and low-vision people, and those with diverse needs 让盲人、低视力者和有不同需求的人都能接触到科学。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12760
Jessica G Borger

The May–June 2024 issue of Immunology & Cell Biology contains an Immunology Futures Special Feature on Disability Inclusion in Science. Diverse groups do better in science, yet individuals with disabilities face barriers to accessing education and opportunities within scientific disciplines. The Monash Sensory Science program, led by Professor Jamie Rossjohn and legally blind artist in residence Dr Erica Tandori, has transformed the accessibility for those with blindness, low vision and diverse needs (BLVDN) to experience biomedical data visualization through the form of multisensory scientific communication. The Monash Sensory Science Exhibition, first hosted in 2018 with the support of Monash University and the Australian Research Council, utilizes tactile multisensory and multimodal artworks, interactive displays and multisensory science books for BLVDN participants. In this Special Feature, scientists and researchers involved in the 2023 Autoimmunity Monash Sensory Science Exhibition discuss the novel models and displays designed to improve the scientific understanding of complex autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, celiac disease, psoriasis and type 1 diabetes. This Special Feature aims to inform the inclusive teaching of immunology and raise discussions of how to improve access to all within our scientific institutions.

免疫学与细胞生物学》(Immunology & Cell Biology)2024 年 5-6 月刊刊载了一篇关于科学中的残疾包容的免疫学未来特写。多元化群体在科学领域的表现更为出色,然而残疾人在接受科学学科教育和获得机会方面却面临着重重障碍。由杰米-罗斯约翰(Jamie Rossjohn)教授和驻校盲人艺术家埃里卡-坦多利(Erica Tandori)博士领导的蒙纳士感官科学项目,通过多感官科学交流的形式,改变了盲人、低视力者和有不同需求者(BLVDN)体验生物医学数据可视化的无障碍环境。在莫纳什大学和澳大利亚研究理事会的支持下,莫纳什感官科学展于2018年首次举办,利用触觉多感官和多模态艺术作品、互动展示和多感官科学书籍为BLVDN参与者提供服务。在本特稿中,参与 2023 年自身免疫莫纳什感官科学展的科学家和研究人员讨论了新颖的模型和展示,这些模型和展示旨在提高人们对复杂的自身免疫疾病(包括类风湿性关节炎、狼疮、乳糜泻、银屑病和 1 型糖尿病)的科学认识。本特刊旨在为免疫学的包容性教学提供信息,并就如何在我们的科研机构内提高所有人的机会展开讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in common in vitro cellular models of pulmonary fibrosis 肺纤维化常见体外细胞模型的研究进展。
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12756
Die Li, Xinyue Zhang, Ziqiong Song, Shan Zhao, Yuan Huang, Weibin Qian, Xinrui Cai

The development of in vitro models is essential for a comprehensive understanding and investigation of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) at both cellular and molecular levels. This study presents a literature review and an analysis of various cellular models used in scientific studies, specifically focusing on their applications in elucidating the pathogenesis of PF. Our study highlights the importance of taking a comprehensive approach to studing PF, emphasizing the necessity of considering multiple cell types and organs and integrating diverse analytical perspectives. Notably, primary cells demonstrate remarkable cell growth characteristics and gene expression profiles; however, their limited availability, maintenance challenges, inability for continuous propagation and susceptibility to phenotypic changes over time significantly limit their utility in scientific investigation. By contrast, immortalized cell lines are easily accessible, cultured and continuously propagated, although they may have some phenotypic differences from primary cells. Furthermore, in vitro coculture models offer a more practical and precise method to explore complex interactions among cells, tissues and organs. Consequently, when developing models of PF, researchers should thoroughly assess the advantages, limitations and relevant mechanisms of different cell models to ensure their selection is consistent with the research objectives.

开发体外模型对于从细胞和分子水平全面了解和研究肺纤维化(PF)至关重要。本研究对科学研究中使用的各种细胞模型进行了文献综述和分析,特别侧重于它们在阐明肺纤维化发病机制方面的应用。我们的研究强调了采取综合方法研究 PF 的重要性,强调了考虑多种细胞类型和器官以及整合不同分析视角的必要性。值得注意的是,原代细胞表现出显著的细胞生长特性和基因表达谱;然而,由于其可用性有限、维护困难、无法持续繁殖以及表型易随时间发生变化等原因,大大限制了其在科学研究中的应用。相比之下,永生化细胞系很容易获得、培养和持续繁殖,尽管它们可能与原代细胞有一些表型差异。此外,体外共培养模型为探索细胞、组织和器官之间复杂的相互作用提供了更实用、更精确的方法。因此,在开发 PF 模型时,研究人员应全面评估不同细胞模型的优势、局限性和相关机制,以确保其选择符合研究目标。
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引用次数: 0
Highlight of 2023: Advances in mast cells 2023 年的亮点:肥大细胞研究进展
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12768
Jasmine Barra, Jean S Marshall

In this article for the Highlights of 2023 Series, we consider the growing understanding of mast cell heterogeneity and interactions that has developed from single cell RNA sequencing studies. We also discuss novel concepts concerning mast cell interactions with the central nervous system and evidence for their role in host defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

在这篇为《2023 年亮点》系列撰写的文章中,我们探讨了单细胞 RNA 测序研究对肥大细胞异质性和相互作用日益加深的理解。我们还讨论了肥大细胞与中枢神经系统相互作用的新概念,以及肥大细胞在宿主防御 SARS-CoV-2 感染中发挥作用的证据。
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引用次数: 0
Affinity alone does not drive long-lived plasma cell differentiation 亲和力本身并不能驱动长寿命浆细胞分化。
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12770
Courtney E McDougal, Marion Pepper

Long-lived plasma cells are important for preventing infection by maintaining baseline antibody titers. However, the cues leading to plasma cell differentiation remain unclear. In this article, we discuss recent work assessing the role of affinity on plasma cell differentiation.

长寿命浆细胞对于通过维持抗体滴度基线来预防感染非常重要。然而,导致浆细胞分化的线索仍不清楚。在这篇文章中,我们讨论了最近评估亲和力对浆细胞分化作用的工作。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of the immune repertoire of γδ T-cell receptors in psoriasis 确定银屑病中 γδ T 细胞受体的免疫复合物。
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12765
Yuting Chen, Quanze Fu, Yinjiang Ma, Nan Wang, Ji Yang, Qing Liang, Kejia Wang, Lujuan Gao

The γδ T cells are a subpopulation of T cells that are abundantly found in the skin and mucous membranes. Their reactivity to self-antigens and ability to secrete various cytokines make them a key component in psoriasis development. Although the correlation between the immune repertoire (IR) of γδ T-cell receptors and the occurrence and severity of psoriasis remains incompletely explored, high-throughput sequencing of γδ T cells has led to a deeper understanding of IR in psoriasis. This study investigated the differences between γδ T cells in patients with psoriasis and healthy controls. The γδ T cells were identified via immunofluorescence staining and a correlation analysis was performed according to the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores. The IR sequencing method was used to detect IR in the γδ T-cell receptors. The findings demonstrated more skin γδ T cells in patients with psoriasis, which were positively correlated with the PASI score. There were subtle differences in most variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) gene segments and VJ/VDJ combination segments between patients with psoriasis and healthy controls. However, a higher diversity of complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) was observed in patients with psoriasis. In summary, the IR of skin γδ T cells was significantly altered in patients with psoriasis, and the diversity in the cell's CDR3 population is a promising biomarker for assessment of psoriasis severity.

γδ T 细胞是 T 细胞的一个亚群,大量存在于皮肤和粘膜中。它们对自身抗原的反应性和分泌各种细胞因子的能力使其成为银屑病发病的关键因素。尽管γδ T 细胞受体的免疫复合物(IR)与银屑病的发生和严重程度之间的相关性仍未得到完全探讨,但γδ T 细胞的高通量测序已使人们对银屑病中的 IR 有了更深入的了解。本研究调查了银屑病患者和健康对照组γδ T 细胞之间的差异。通过免疫荧光染色鉴定了γδ T细胞,并根据银屑病面积和严重程度指数(PASI)评分进行了相关分析。IR测序法用于检测γδT细胞受体中的IR。研究结果表明,银屑病患者的皮肤γδT细胞较多,与PASI评分呈正相关。银屑病患者与健康对照组在大多数可变(V)、多样性(D)和连接(J)基因片段以及 VJ/VDJ 组合片段方面存在微妙差异。然而,在银屑病患者中观察到互补性决定区 3(CDR3)的多样性更高。总之,银屑病患者皮肤γδT细胞的IR发生了显著变化,细胞CDR3群的多样性是评估银屑病严重程度的一种有希望的生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
A trainee's perspective on scientific conferences 学员对科学会议的看法。
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12772
Stefanie F Valbon, Vanessa de Carvalho Oliveira, Lauralie Short

Attending and presenting at conferences is a preeminent experience during scientific training. This article provides a trainee's perspective on strategies to promote trainee growth before, during and after scientific meetings, taking the initiatives implemented by the Canadian Society for Immunology (CSI) as an example. A foremost action was the establishment of the Trainee Engagement Committee (TEC) in 2020. The TEC members contribute to the annual symposia by participating in the local organizing committee meetings and organizing trainee-directed events. We propose actions that conference organizers can take to foster the development of the next generation of scientists. In addition, we offer advice to conference presenters on how to craft talks with trainees in mind and to attendees on how to maximize the quality and longevity of conference interactions. We hope this opinion piece evokes reflections and discussions among scientific societies, organizing committees, conference presenters and trainees alike.

参加会议并发表演讲是科学培训期间的重要经历。本文以加拿大免疫学会(CSI)实施的举措为例,从学员的角度阐述了在科学会议之前、期间和之后促进学员成长的策略。其中最重要的一项行动是在 2020 年成立了受训人员参与委员会 (TEC)。TEC 成员通过参加当地组委会会议和组织由受训人员主导的活动,为年度研讨会做出贡献。我们提出了会议组织者可以采取的行动,以促进下一代科学家的发展。此外,我们还为会议发言人提供了如何以受训人员为中心进行演讲的建议,并为与会者提供了如何最大限度地提高会议互动质量和延长互动时间的建议。我们希望这篇观点文章能唤起科学协会、组委会、会议发言人和受训人员的思考和讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Inclusive multisensory science and immunology books for blind, low-vision and diverse-needs audiences 为盲人、低视力和有不同需求的读者提供包容性的多感官科学和免疫学书籍。
IF 4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12758
Stuart Favilla, Erica Tandori, James Marshall

This paper presents interdisciplinary research exploring the development of inclusive multisensory science books, communicating immunology data for blind, low-vision and diverse-needs audiences. The research adopted an inductive theory-building approach, practice-based art methods and music and design methods, leveraging the lived experience of a legally blind artist. The research also involved designers and scientists in a cocreation process, producing books that incorporate tactile artworks, Braille-inspired protein models, image sonification and interaction. Two multisensory book titles, “The Heroes Within You: A Multisensory Exploration of Infection and Immunity” and “My Goodness: A Multisensory Exploration of Nutrition and Immunity”, were developed for the Monash Sensory Science 2023 Exhibition Day. The books offer an innovative way to make science and art more accessible and engaging, addressing the limitations of traditional museum methods. Feedback from audiences has been positive, emphasizing the fascination, sensory engagement and ease of understanding. This paper highlights the potential for an interdisciplinary and inclusive approach to science and art, demonstrating the value of multisensory books as tools for science communication. The findings highlight the positive reception of this novel approach and suggest its potential for broader applications, promoting inclusivity and accessibility.

本文介绍了跨学科研究,探索开发包容性多感官科学书籍,为盲人、低视力和有不同需求的受众传播免疫学数据。该研究采用了归纳式理论构建方法、基于实践的艺术方法以及音乐和设计方法,并充分利用了一位失明艺术家的生活经验。该研究还让设计师和科学家参与到共同创作过程中,制作出融合了触觉艺术作品、盲文启发的蛋白质模型、图像声化和互动的书籍。两本多感官图书名为《你内心的英雄》(The Heroes Within You:感染与免疫的多感官探索》和《我的天哪:这两本多感官图书是为 "2023 年蒙纳士感官科学展览日"(Monash Sensory Science 2023 Exhibition Day)编写的。这两本书提供了一种创新的方式,使科学和艺术更易于理解和参与,解决了传统博物馆方法的局限性。观众的反馈非常积极,强调了这本书的吸引力、感官参与度和易懂性。本文强调了跨学科和包容性科学与艺术方法的潜力,展示了多感官图书作为科学传播工具的价值。研究结果凸显了这种新方法的积极意义,并表明其具有更广泛的应用潜力,可促进包容性和可及性。
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引用次数: 0
Highlight of 2023: Tregs in the lungs 2023 年亮点:肺中的集落细胞
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12771
Ntombizodwa Makuyana, Adrian Liston

In this article for the Highlights of the 2023 Series, we discuss recent discoveries on regulatory T cells in the lungs and their multifaceted roles in various contexts. Key advancements in Treg immunology have broadened our understanding of lung tissue homeostasis and the potential role of Tregs in pathological processes.

在这篇《2023 年亮点》系列文章中,我们将讨论肺部调节性 T 细胞的最新发现及其在各种情况下的多方面作用。Treg免疫学的主要进展拓宽了我们对肺组织稳态和Tregs在病理过程中潜在作用的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Highlight of 2023: Unlocking the therapeutic potential of natural killer cells—advances in adaptive functions, cellular engineering and immunotherapy 2023 年的亮点:挖掘自然杀伤细胞的治疗潜力--适应性功能、细胞工程和免疫疗法方面的进展。
IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12769
Pui Yeng Lam, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes

Natural killer (NK) cells possess potent cytotoxicity against infected and cancerous cells and hold promise in the development of new immunotherapies. This article for the Highlights of 2023 Series focuses on current advances in NK cell biology in cancerous and infectious settings and highlights opportunities for therapeutic interventions, including engineered NK cell therapies and advancements in feeder cell technologies.

自然杀伤(NK)细胞对感染细胞和癌细胞具有强大的细胞毒性,有望开发出新的免疫疗法。这篇为《2023 年亮点》系列撰写的文章重点介绍了癌症和感染性环境中 NK 细胞生物学的最新进展,并强调了治疗干预的机会,包括工程 NK 细胞疗法和饲养细胞技术的进步。
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引用次数: 0
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Immunology & Cell Biology
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