The purpose of this article consists of studying the animals mentioned in the Quran, their use in the verses, methods of using images of animals in the narration and parables of a story to make them impressive, and their peculiarities. The article analyzes the causes and purposes of the verses of the Quran, which state that human activity is directly related to the animal world. Moreover, it studies the Arabic words and synonyms used to express the names of the animals in the verses. Arabic sources state that there are all living beings, all of which are called animals. Indeed, the word animal is the Arabic word that means life. Everything, if there is life in it, is in the state of motion, life is action, and it is life. It is also illustrated in the Quran that animals are as Ummah as humans, and more than 140 verses use them. Thus, the current article also explores these aspects of the issue. For example, in the Quran, animals performed various functions. For instance, the Hudhud bird was in the service of Solomon (p.b.u.h.) and, thus, it had the leading role. In Sura an-Naml, this bird came as a servant of the Prophet Solomon (p.b.u.h.). The article also studies the cases associated with animals in the Prophets’ miracles. Moreover, the article analyzes the verses in the Quran which provide information about some forbidden animals (for Muslims). It is necessary to study whether to eat the meat of animals or not according to Fiqh rules. The current article analyzes how Uzbek language commentators translated Arabic words of animals into the Uzbek language. For instance, various synonyms are used in Arabic to express the age, sex, and other similar aspects of a camel. In addition, in the Quran, there are such words as well. To depict the word camel the words such as ibil, bair, naqa, bahira, soiba were used in the Quran. In the conclusion part, the article reveals the importance of studying the animals mentioned in the Quran and their images.
{"title":"ABOUT ANIMALS MENTIONED IN THE QURAN","authors":"Doniyor Muratov","doi":"10.47980/iiau/2021/2/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/iiau/2021/2/3","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article consists of studying the animals mentioned in the Quran, their use in the verses, methods of using images of animals in the narration and parables of a story to make them impressive, and their peculiarities. The article analyzes the causes and purposes of the verses of the Quran, which state that human activity is directly related to the animal world. Moreover, it studies the Arabic words and synonyms used to express the names of the animals in the verses. Arabic sources state that there are all living beings, all of which are called animals. Indeed, the word animal is the Arabic word that means life. Everything, if there is life in it, is in the state of motion, life is action, and it is life. It is also illustrated in the Quran that animals are as Ummah as humans, and more than 140 verses use them. Thus, the current article also explores these aspects of the issue. For example, in the Quran, animals performed various functions. For instance, the Hudhud bird was in the service of Solomon (p.b.u.h.) and, thus, it had the leading role. In Sura an-Naml, this bird came as a servant of the Prophet Solomon (p.b.u.h.). The article also studies the cases associated with animals in the Prophets’ miracles. Moreover, the article analyzes the verses in the Quran which provide information about some forbidden animals (for Muslims). It is necessary to study whether to eat the meat of animals or not according to Fiqh rules. The current article analyzes how Uzbek language commentators translated Arabic words of animals into the Uzbek language. For instance, various synonyms are used in Arabic to express the age, sex, and other similar aspects of a camel. In addition, in the Quran, there are such words as well. To depict the word camel the words such as ibil, bair, naqa, bahira, soiba were used in the Quran. In the conclusion part, the article reveals the importance of studying the animals mentioned in the Quran and their images.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131626962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines the state of the waqf lands in the Turkestan general-governorate, created during the colonization of the Russian Empire, using the example of the Syrdarya region. The study mainly used primary archival sources, materials from the office of the Governor-General of the region, and scientific works on this topic. We analyzed the reasons for the establishment of the waqf lands in the area and their significance, as well as the fact that these lands became abandoned as a result of the colonial policy of the tsarist authorities. The General government in Turkestan was created in 1867 based on the Syrdarya and Semirechensk regions. The Syrdarya region included such ancient cities as Tashkent, Turkestan, and Shymkent. Waqf lands have existed in these parts since time immemorial. After the Russian invasion, these cities became the first objects of political experiments of the tsarist administration. In the early stages of local self-government, the Russian government generally adhered to a policy of non-interference concerning waqfs and the Islamic religion in the region. But with the arrival of the first governor-general von Kaufmann in Turkestan, a colonial policy concerning the lands began. Some of the land owned by the waqfs was transferred to the state account, while others were left unattended. With the cessation of income from waqf lands, mosques, madrassas, and other sacred places Muslims were deprived of their financial resources. This situation harmed the socio-economic life of the peasants who worked on these waqf lands. We investigated this issue based on the principle of historicism. In the study, we used quantitative, systematic, content analysis, and problem-chronological methods of microhistory
{"title":"THE WAQF LANDS IN TURKESTAN DURING THE COLONIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE ( IN 1865-1881 ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SYRDARYA REGION)","authors":"Odil Zaripov","doi":"10.47980/iiau/2021/2/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/iiau/2021/2/2","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the state of the waqf lands\u0000in the Turkestan general-governorate, created during the\u0000colonization of the Russian Empire, using the example of the\u0000Syrdarya region. The study mainly used primary archival\u0000sources, materials from the office of the Governor-General\u0000of the region, and scientific works on this topic. We analyzed\u0000the reasons for the establishment of the waqf lands in the\u0000area and their significance, as well as the fact that these\u0000lands became abandoned as a result of the colonial policy of\u0000the tsarist authorities. The General government in Turkestan\u0000was created in 1867 based on the Syrdarya and Semirechensk\u0000regions. The Syrdarya region included such ancient cities as\u0000Tashkent, Turkestan, and Shymkent. Waqf lands have existed\u0000in these parts since time immemorial. After the Russian\u0000invasion, these cities became the first objects of political\u0000experiments of the tsarist administration. In the early stages\u0000of local self-government, the Russian government generally\u0000adhered to a policy of non-interference concerning waqfs and\u0000the Islamic religion in the region. But with the arrival of the\u0000first governor-general von Kaufmann in Turkestan, a colonial\u0000policy concerning the lands began. Some of the land owned by\u0000the waqfs was transferred to the state account, while others\u0000were left unattended. With the cessation of income from waqf\u0000lands, mosques, madrassas, and other sacred places Muslims\u0000were deprived of their financial resources. This situation\u0000harmed the socio-economic life of the peasants who worked\u0000on these waqf lands. We investigated this issue based on the\u0000principle of historicism. In the study, we used quantitative,\u0000systematic, content analysis, and problem-chronological\u0000methods of microhistory","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132826230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines the state administration of Amir Temur and his belief in the spiritual heritage, religious values, customs and traditions is considered as a factor in the development of the mentality of the people. People are naturally united only in justice, equality, faith and other values. Determining the socio-political status of values in public administration, the public activity of the state is actually ensured. Therefore, it is emphasized that in ancient times our ancestors created appropriate political systems based on values, paid special attention to the divine source of power, the pursuit of justice, truth and good deeds was an integral part of political power. The beginning of human civilization and the process of statehood have been preserved at a cultural distance from Zoroastrianism to Islam, and one of the greatest legacies of Amir Temur in state building is the creation of a philosophical structure of political power. The role and place of each in the relationship of society, state, religion is based on the fact that these institutions have always been relevant as key issues in the corresponding period and culture, defining the external forms of this single civilizational structure and internal architecture of any state. Therefore, the study of issues of interaction between power and religion allows you to find mutually beneficial forms of the state. Historical experience shows that the greatness of the state creates a legal (fair) environment only through the values of society. Historical examples of how Amir Temur in his policy, by the will of the Creator, achieved the image of greatness and reached the eternity of such power are considered.
{"title":"HARMONY OF NATIONAL AND RELIGIOUS VALUES IN THE GOVERNMENT OF AMIR TEMUR","authors":"Tulkin Alimardonov","doi":"10.47980/iiau/2021/2/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/iiau/2021/2/1","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the state administration of\u0000Amir Temur and his belief in the spiritual heritage, religious\u0000values, customs and traditions is considered as a factor in\u0000the development of the mentality of the people. People are\u0000naturally united only in justice, equality, faith and other\u0000values. Determining the socio-political status of values\u0000in public administration, the public activity of the state is\u0000actually ensured. Therefore, it is emphasized that in ancient\u0000times our ancestors created appropriate political systems\u0000based on values, paid special attention to the divine source\u0000of power, the pursuit of justice, truth and good deeds was an\u0000integral part of political power.\u0000The beginning of human civilization and the process of\u0000statehood have been preserved at a cultural distance from\u0000Zoroastrianism to Islam, and one of the greatest legacies of\u0000Amir Temur in state building is the creation of a philosophical\u0000structure of political power. The role and place of each in the\u0000relationship of society, state, religion is based on the fact that\u0000these institutions have always been relevant as key issues in\u0000the corresponding period and culture, defining the external\u0000forms of this single civilizational structure and internal\u0000architecture of any state.\u0000Therefore, the study of issues of interaction between\u0000power and religion allows you to find mutually beneficial\u0000forms of the state. Historical experience shows that the\u0000greatness of the state creates a legal (fair) environment only\u0000through the values of society. Historical examples of how Amir\u0000Temur in his policy, by the will of the Creator, achieved the\u0000image of greatness and reached the eternity of such power\u0000are considered.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124406671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article deals with the works of the poets of the poetry school called Poets of the Yassawiya School, founded by Ahmad Yassavi. As its content has come via manuscript sources, the work derives its core from manuscripts kept at the Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni under the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The poets of this school are introduced through examples illustrating comparisons in their works. The research analyses the usage of their work in manuscripts and shows the growth in their number. We have tried to analyze and logically group those manuscripts retained in the institute fund we mentioned. Next, we looked through the writing methods used in various works and made some comparative analyses. The research touched on projects related to poetic storytelling written by the poets and offered several solutions to solve some issues related to their belongingness to this school. It showed the need for serious source study and linguistic analysis. Reflecting on the current problems facing the researchers of Yassawi’s work, we can say that the works of his followers require serious study, that the creation of a catalog of manuscripts is an urgent task. Currently, insufficiencies in research done over Yassawi studies are vivid, this creates a great need to initiate the stud over the works of their followers. Moreover, it illustrates an immense need to study each manuscript, their writing method, and the structure where their projects exist. Here, we did comparative analyses of some poetic text of stories in manuscripts attributed to Ahmad Yassawi from a methodological point of view for compliance with the style of Yassawi before including the results of the research. In the study of the work of Yassawi, there have been no cases of writing poetic stories. We have to take this issue seriously and not rush to conclusions. With this regard, we compared the poems attributed to Yassawi to the works of his followers.
{"title":"ISSUES OF SOURCE STUDIES IN THE WORKS OF THE FOLLOWERS OF YASSAWI","authors":"Maryam Ishmukhamedova","doi":"10.47980/TLOI/2021/1/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/TLOI/2021/1/7","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the works of the poets of the poetry school called Poets of the Yassawiya School, founded by Ahmad Yassavi. As its content has come via manuscript sources, the work derives its core from manuscripts kept at the Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni under the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The poets of this school are introduced through examples illustrating comparisons in their works. The research analyses the usage of their work in manuscripts and shows the growth in their number. We have tried to analyze and logically group those manuscripts retained in the institute fund we mentioned. Next, we looked through the writing methods used in various works and made some comparative analyses. The research touched on projects related to poetic storytelling written by the poets and offered several solutions to solve some issues related to their belongingness to this school. It showed the need for serious source study and linguistic analysis. Reflecting on the current problems facing the researchers of Yassawi’s work, we can say that the works of his followers require serious study, that the creation of a catalog of manuscripts is an urgent task. Currently, insufficiencies in research done over Yassawi studies are vivid, this creates a great need to initiate the stud over the works of their followers. Moreover, it illustrates an immense need to study each manuscript, their writing method, and the structure where their projects exist. Here, we did comparative analyses of some poetic text of stories in manuscripts attributed to Ahmad Yassawi from a methodological point of view for compliance with the style of Yassawi before including the results of the research. In the study of the work of Yassawi, there have been no cases of writing poetic stories. We have to take this issue seriously \u0000and not rush to conclusions. With this regard, we compared the poems attributed to Yassawi to the works of his followers.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130574156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is dedicated to the life and work of historians of the Mamluk period (1250-1517) in Egypt and the rich heritage left by them. In the XIII-XV centuries, Egypt had a special place among the countries of the Middle East due to the activities of the Mamluks. The prestige of the Mamluk sultans increased due to their victories in the fght against the Crusaders and the Mongols in the Middle East. The establishment of Mamluk rule in the history of Egypt, the growth of the superiority of military Mamluks in the country, the rise of the Bakhrit Mamluk sultans (1250-1382) and the political processes of the Burjit (Circassian) Mamluk period (1282-1517) are of particular interest for s this study. This article provides extensive information on the activities and works of medieval historians such as Abu alMahasin, Ibn Daud Al-Sayraf, Abd Ar-Rahman As-Sahawi, Jalal ad-Din As-Suyuti, Ibn Iyas Muhammad ibn Ahmad and Ibn Zanbal Ar-Rummal, Ali ibn Ahmad Ibn al-Asir, Abd Ar-Rahman Ibn Khaldun, al-Umari, Shahab ad-din alKalkashandi, Taki ad-din Al-Makrizi, Az-Zahiri, Khalil ibn Shahin. Relevance: After Uzbekistan gained independence, orientalists have new opportunities to search, study and disseminate information about Islam and the history of Islam among the general public. When studying the period of the history of the Mamluks in Egypt, many aspects of the history of Mavaraunnahr of that time are also revealed. Studying the primary sources containing information on this topic makes it possible to objectively evaluate the political, social and economic processes of this period. Methods. The article uses generally accepted historical methods based on the principles of historicity, structurality and objectivity. Conclusions: Also, it must be pointed out that objective coverage of the history of this period, in addition to the historical works of the above authors of the 13th-15th centuries, is facilitated by the study of various scientifc treatises, commentaries, shortened versions of works (almukhtasar), dictionaries, prose and poetic works.
{"title":"ABOUT MEDIEVAL EGYPTIAN HISTORIANS","authors":"Zukhra Aripova","doi":"10.47980/tloi/2020/4/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/tloi/2020/4/4","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to the life and work of historians of the Mamluk period (1250-1517) in Egypt and the rich heritage left by them. In the XIII-XV centuries, Egypt had a special place among the countries of the Middle East due to the activities of the Mamluks. The prestige of the Mamluk sultans increased due to their victories in the fght against the Crusaders and the Mongols in the Middle East. The establishment of Mamluk rule in the history of Egypt, the growth of the superiority of military Mamluks in the country, the rise of the Bakhrit Mamluk sultans (1250-1382) and the political processes of the Burjit (Circassian) Mamluk period (1282-1517) are of particular interest for s this study. This article provides extensive information on the activities and works of medieval historians such as Abu alMahasin, Ibn Daud Al-Sayraf, Abd Ar-Rahman As-Sahawi, Jalal ad-Din As-Suyuti, Ibn Iyas Muhammad ibn Ahmad and Ibn Zanbal Ar-Rummal, Ali ibn Ahmad Ibn al-Asir, Abd Ar-Rahman Ibn Khaldun, al-Umari, Shahab ad-din alKalkashandi, Taki ad-din Al-Makrizi, Az-Zahiri, Khalil ibn Shahin. Relevance: After Uzbekistan gained independence, orientalists have new opportunities to search, study and disseminate information about Islam and the history of Islam among the general public. When studying the period of the history of the Mamluks in Egypt, many aspects of the history of Mavaraunnahr of that time are also revealed. Studying the primary sources containing information on this topic makes it possible to objectively evaluate the political, social and economic processes of this period. Methods. The article uses generally accepted historical methods based on the principles of historicity, structurality and objectivity. Conclusions: Also, it must be pointed out that objective coverage of the history of this period, in addition to the historical works of the above authors of the 13th-15th centuries, is facilitated by the study of various scientifc treatises, commentaries, shortened versions of works (almukhtasar), dictionaries, prose and poetic works.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115840583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article considers the impact of small business on the development of the national economy, expansion of production, improving the quality of goods and services, increasing employment, strengthening export potential, and efcient organization of imports. In this regard, the analysis of the conditions created in our country, and the basis of the achieved results were done. Also, future challenges and areas for improvement were identifed. One of the priorities in the development of a modern sociallyoriented market economy in our country is to strengthen small business and private entrepreneurship. Economic reforms are underway and a system has been set up to enhance the role of small business. The legal and regulatory framework guaranteeing entrepreneurial activity and structures to assist entrepreneurs have been formed. Small businesses have the opportunity to create new jobs without large capital and to reduce the shortage of certain goods, or even to provide them in full. Nowadays, it is important to analyze regularly the role of small business, which plays a key role in strengthening the productive capacity of the national economy and improving the welfare of the population, based on the conditions and opportunities of our country and draw perspective conclusions about them. At the same time, to substantiate and further improve the results of the ongoing socioeconomic reforms in society, it is necessary to study the development of small business and private entrepreneurship, as well as all sectors of the national economy. This article is the fulfllment of the tasks aimed at achieving these goals. The development of small and medium-sized businesses in the national economy, support for private and entrepreneurial activities will speed up production and ensure a stable supply of goods to the consumer market. As a result, the employment rate in the country will rise and the existing labor force will be able to create value. This process will increase national income and lead to an increase in per capita income. As a result, the national economy will develop, the well-being of the population will increase, and the socio-economic power and political position of the state at the international level will strengthen.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF SMALL BUSINESS WITHIN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY","authors":"Z. Sodikov","doi":"10.47980/tloi/2020/4/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/tloi/2020/4/17","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the impact of small business on the development of the national economy, expansion of production, improving the quality of goods and services, increasing employment, strengthening export potential, and efcient organization of imports. In this regard, the analysis of the conditions created in our country, and the basis of the achieved results were done. Also, future challenges and areas for improvement were identifed. One of the priorities in the development of a modern sociallyoriented market economy in our country is to strengthen small business and private entrepreneurship. Economic reforms are underway and a system has been set up to enhance the role of small business. The legal and regulatory framework guaranteeing entrepreneurial activity and structures to assist entrepreneurs have been formed. Small businesses have the opportunity to create new jobs without large capital and to reduce the shortage of certain goods, or even to provide them in full. Nowadays, it is important to analyze regularly the role of small business, which plays a key role in strengthening the productive capacity of the national economy and improving the welfare of the population, based on the conditions and opportunities of our country and draw perspective conclusions about them. At the same time, to substantiate and further improve the results of the ongoing socioeconomic reforms in society, it is necessary to study the development of small business and private entrepreneurship, as well as all sectors of the national economy. This article is the fulfllment of the tasks aimed at achieving these goals. The development of small and medium-sized businesses in the national economy, support for private and entrepreneurial activities will speed up production and ensure a stable supply of goods to the consumer market. As a result, the employment rate in the country will rise and the existing labor force will be able to create value. This process will increase national income and lead to an increase in per capita income. As a result, the national economy will develop, the well-being of the population will increase, and the socio-economic power and political position of the state at the international level will strengthen.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115430572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To identify the problems of Tafsir was applied to the method of analysis. It revealed the main methodology of the work, its sources and features, as well as the main issues of Islamic law and faith in the interpretation of Surah al-Fatiha. In particular, it was revealed that the theologian raised issues related to the “Basmallah”, the obligation to read al-Fatih in prayer, divine attributes, and istita’a. This made it possible to compare the Tafsir al-Maturidi with the well-known Tafsir at-Tabari and revealed that the frst one is no less signifcant in its content than the second one. The synthesis of data made it possible to conclude that al-Maturidi, within the framework of the interpretation of the Surah “al-Fatiha”, made an apology for the Hanaf theological school.
{"title":"THEOLOGICAL DISCOURSE THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE INTERPRETATION OF “AL-FATIHA” IN THE TAFSIR OF ABU MANSUR AL-MATURIDI “TA’WILAT AHL AS-SUNNAH”","authors":"R. Adygamov","doi":"10.47980/tloi/2020/4/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/tloi/2020/4/1","url":null,"abstract":"To identify the problems of Tafsir was applied to the method of analysis. It revealed the main methodology of the work, its sources and features, as well as the main issues of Islamic law and faith in the interpretation of Surah al-Fatiha. In particular, it was revealed that the theologian raised issues related to the “Basmallah”, the obligation to read al-Fatih in prayer, divine attributes, and istita’a. This made it possible to compare the Tafsir al-Maturidi with the well-known Tafsir at-Tabari and revealed that the frst one is no less signifcant in its content than the second one. The synthesis of data made it possible to conclude that al-Maturidi, within the framework of the interpretation of the Surah “al-Fatiha”, made an apology for the Hanaf theological school.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127718346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article introduces us to the Arabic-language magazine of the Dagestani Muslim reformers of the first third of the XX century “Bayan al-Haqa’iq” In a short introduction, the author explains the policy of tsarism towards the Muslims of Dagestan in the pre-revolutionary period, and then the Bolsheviks in the first years of Soviet power, explains the reason for the permission of the Soviet government to publish an Arabic-language magazineand gives a description of the main goals and objectives of this magazine. Topics that took place in the Islamic discourse of Muslim reformers of Dagestan on the pages of the magazine are highlighted, in particular, such issues of fiqh as the prohibition of images of a person in Islam in the form of paintings and monuments, visiting graves; questions of ijtihad and taqlid; education and enlightenment issues; literature; questions covering the political situation in a particular region. A significant part of the magazine is occupied by articles on the issues of Wahhabism, which then existed mainly in the Hejaz and Nejd districts of the Arabian Peninsula, as well as articles on Sufi topics: sheikhdom and false sheikhism in tariqah, reading the Friday sermon (khutbah) in Arabic, etc. The issues of the magazine published materials not only of Dagestanis, but also very important and interesting for Dagestani Muslims articles of famous scholars in the Middle East such as Abd al-Wahhab ash-Sha’rani (died in 1565), Muhammad Abdo (1849- 1905) and others. The topics of the published articles are actual for clarifying the current confessional situation in the region. The questions explained on the pages of the magazine more than 90 years ago continue to remain extremely relevant and in-demand today in Dagestan. Therefore, the role of the journal “Bayan al-Haqa’iq” in the popularization and enlightenment of broad strata of the population in Islamic issues at the present stage can hardly be overestimated.
{"title":"SUFI ISSUES ON THE PAGES OF THE SPIRITUAL JOURNAL OF THE ARABISTS OF DAGESTAN “BAYAN AL-HAQA’IQ” (1925-1928)","authors":"Amir R. Navruzov","doi":"10.47980/tloi/2020/4/11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/tloi/2020/4/11","url":null,"abstract":"The article introduces us to the Arabic-language magazine of the Dagestani Muslim reformers of the\u0000first third of the XX century “Bayan al-Haqa’iq”\u0000In a short introduction, the author explains the policy of\u0000tsarism towards the Muslims of Dagestan in the pre-revolutionary period, and then the Bolsheviks in the first years of\u0000Soviet power, explains the reason for the permission of the\u0000Soviet government to publish an Arabic-language magazineand gives a description of the main goals and objectives of\u0000this magazine.\u0000Topics that took place in the Islamic discourse of Muslim reformers of Dagestan on the pages of the magazine are\u0000highlighted, in particular, such issues of fiqh as the prohibition of images of a person in Islam in the form of paintings\u0000and monuments, visiting graves; questions of ijtihad and\u0000taqlid; education and enlightenment issues; literature; questions covering the political situation in a particular region.\u0000A significant part of the magazine is occupied by articles\u0000on the issues of Wahhabism, which then existed mainly in\u0000the Hejaz and Nejd districts of the Arabian Peninsula, as well\u0000as articles on Sufi topics: sheikhdom and false sheikhism in\u0000tariqah, reading the Friday sermon (khutbah) in Arabic, etc.\u0000The issues of the magazine published materials not only\u0000of Dagestanis, but also very important and interesting for\u0000Dagestani Muslims articles of famous scholars in the Middle\u0000East such as Abd al-Wahhab ash-Sha’rani (died in 1565),\u0000Muhammad Abdo (1849- 1905) and others.\u0000The topics of the published articles are actual for clarifying the current confessional situation in the region. The\u0000questions explained on the pages of the magazine more than\u000090 years ago continue to remain extremely relevant and\u0000in-demand today in Dagestan.\u0000Therefore, the role of the journal “Bayan al-Haqa’iq” in\u0000the popularization and enlightenment of broad strata of the\u0000population in Islamic issues at the present stage can hardly\u0000be overestimated.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126893845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines the features of effective interaction between government agencies, NGOs, and other civil institutions on youth issues. State youth policy in Uzbekistan considers revealing the potential of young people and promoting their effective socialization. The article shows the importance of modern education and upbringing, social support of young people in Uzbekistan. The political activity of youth is an indicator of the processes taking place in modern society. The article considers youth policy, the UN international legal documents regulating the youth sphere. The urgency of the youth issue is growing in connection with the deepening of globalization. The solutions to the problems and challenges are impossible without the active participation of young people. Therefore, this issue was always one of the priority tasks of the international community and the UN. Since the middle of the 20th century, the youth issue has been the object of the policy of more than 130 countries in the world. The article examines the policy in the youth sphere of foreign countries and Uzbekistan. And the article notes general aspects and features. In the way the state organizes youth policy, two models stand out – the European and Anglo-Saxon. The European model implies the leading role of the state in the feld of youth policy. The Anglo-Saxon model characterizes an approach to exclusive support volunteer activities and youth organizations. But government agencies have not to take systematic participation in the implementation of youth policy. The article comprehensively surveys the new course of Uzbekistan to increase the role of youth in socio-political life. In this regard, it emphasizes comprehensive support of youth initiatives, both from the state and youth organizations. Open dialogue with youth has become a strategic direction at a new stage of development of Uzbekistan. This strategy gives a key place to increasing the public activity of young people. The process of forming a modern, democratic country involved youth.
{"title":"YOUTH AS A LEADING POWER OF UZBEKISTAN","authors":"M. Nazirov","doi":"10.47980/tloi/2020/4/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/tloi/2020/4/12","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the features of effective interaction between government agencies, NGOs, and other civil institutions on youth issues. State youth policy in Uzbekistan considers revealing the potential of young people and promoting their effective socialization. The article shows the importance of modern education and upbringing, social support of young people in Uzbekistan. The political activity of youth is an indicator of the processes taking place in modern society. The article considers youth policy, the UN international legal documents regulating the youth sphere. The urgency of the youth issue is growing in connection with the deepening of globalization. The solutions to the problems and challenges are impossible without the active participation of young people. Therefore, this issue was always one of the priority tasks of the international community and the UN. Since the middle of the 20th century, the youth issue has been the object of the policy of more than 130 countries in the world. The article examines the policy in the youth sphere of foreign countries and Uzbekistan. And the article notes general aspects and features. In the way the state organizes youth policy, two models stand out – the European and Anglo-Saxon. The European model implies the leading role of the state in the feld of youth policy. The Anglo-Saxon model characterizes an approach to exclusive support volunteer activities and youth organizations. But government agencies have not to take systematic participation in the implementation of youth policy. The article comprehensively surveys the new course of Uzbekistan to increase the role of youth in socio-political life. In this regard, it emphasizes comprehensive support of youth initiatives, both from the state and youth organizations. Open dialogue with youth has become a strategic direction at a new stage of development of Uzbekistan. This strategy gives a key place to increasing the public activity of young people. The process of forming a modern, democratic country involved youth.","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116793975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medieval Arab linguists traditionally began their scientifc works with questions of inflection [declension]. Case inflection is the main factor that determines the word’s grammatical function in a sentence and the meaning that it carries. It is well known that there are three cases in the Arabic language with special diacritical markings ( تاكرحHarakaat). The ability of a word to have a particular case leads to its categorization as “complete”, “incomplete” or “non-declining”. The endings of a word in a sentence may change due to the [influencing] factor, or even if the [influencing] factors change, their ending may not change. The frst of them is called «mu’rab» which means «declension (conjugation)» and the second – “mabniy” which means “immutability, non-inflection”. Change under the influence of factors [at the end of the word] is called “i’rab” (that is inflection) and non-change under the influence of factors is called “bino” (that is «non-inflection in cases). “I’rab” is a marking that represents an influence factor at the end of a word. The ending of a word as a result of this factor can be “marfuu’ ” [damma-nominative], “mansuub” [fatha-accusative], “majruur” [cassative] or “jazm” [sukunconditional]. Linguists identify the types of “damma”, “fatha”, “kasra” and “sukun” according to the movements at the end of non- declining words. Arab linguists study words by dividing them into two groups in accordance with the case change: these are the words “mabni” and “mu’rab”. If a word is associated with another word or an active factor precedes it but it does not change its case ending (the last pronunciation of the word does not change) such words are called “mabni” and these words do not change at all. Non-declining words include all prepositions, the past tense verb, the imperative mood of the verb, the verb to which the afrmative “nun” is attached or the verb with the ending feminine “nun” and some nouns. Verbs and prepositions do not change initially. It should be noted that the auxiliary words are not changed because there is no need for that. Conjugation is only necessary when there is a basic structural meaning. Auxiliary words by themselves never make sense (semantic meaning)
{"title":"THE SIGNS AND FEATURES OF ARABIC NON-DECLINABLE WORDS","authors":"Malika Nasirova","doi":"10.47980/tloi/2020/4/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47980/tloi/2020/4/14","url":null,"abstract":"Medieval Arab linguists traditionally began their scientifc works with questions of inflection [declension]. Case inflection is the main factor that determines the word’s grammatical function in a sentence and the meaning that it carries. It is well known that there are three cases in the Arabic language with special diacritical markings ( تاكرحHarakaat). The ability of a word to have a particular case leads to its categorization as “complete”, “incomplete” or “non-declining”. The endings of a word in a sentence may change due to the [influencing] factor, or even if the [influencing] factors change, their ending may not change. The frst of them is called «mu’rab» which means «declension (conjugation)» and the second – “mabniy” which means “immutability, non-inflection”. Change under the influence of factors [at the end of the word] is called “i’rab” (that is inflection) and non-change under the influence of factors is called “bino” (that is «non-inflection in cases). “I’rab” is a marking that represents an influence factor at the end of a word. The ending of a word as a result of this factor can be “marfuu’ ” [damma-nominative], “mansuub” [fatha-accusative], “majruur” [cassative] or “jazm” [sukunconditional]. Linguists identify the types of “damma”, “fatha”, “kasra” and “sukun” according to the movements at the end of non- declining words. Arab linguists study words by dividing them into two groups in accordance with the case change: these are the words “mabni” and “mu’rab”. If a word is associated with another word or an active factor precedes it but it does not change its case ending (the last pronunciation of the word does not change) such words are called “mabni” and these words do not change at all. Non-declining words include all prepositions, the past tense verb, the imperative mood of the verb, the verb to which the afrmative “nun” is attached or the verb with the ending feminine “nun” and some nouns. Verbs and prepositions do not change initially. It should be noted that the auxiliary words are not changed because there is no need for that. Conjugation is only necessary when there is a basic structural meaning. Auxiliary words by themselves never make sense (semantic meaning)","PeriodicalId":180207,"journal":{"name":"The Light of Islam","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126804474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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