A. Kistan, S. Mohan, S. Mahalakshmi, A. Jayanthi, A. J. Ramya, P. S. Karthik
Photocatalysis using semiconductor metal oxide stands out as a highly effective and efficient method for eliminating organic pollutants from wastewater. This study aims to assess the photocatalytic capabilities of Mn doped ZnO nanocomposites in degrading methylene blue (MB) dye under ultra-violet light exposure. This study details the synthesis of ZnO photocatalysts through a straightforward one-step sol-gel method, incorporating varying levels of Mn-doping (0%, 2% & 4%). The structural and optical attributes were examined using techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra. X-ray diffraction analyses verified the presence of a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure in all synthesized samples, exhibiting a high degree of crystallinity. In addition, an investigation into the impact of Mn impurities on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO catalysts was conducted in the context of methylene blue (MB) degradation. The experimental findings revealed that the Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles produced exhibited significantly superior photocatalytic performance compared to pure ZnO when used in breaking down methylene blue under UV-light exposure. This study proposes that these Mn doped ZnO could serve as a highly effective photocatalyst for treating water contaminated with certain chemically persistent synthetic organic dyes. The improved photocatalytic capabilities of ZnO nanostructures doped with Mn were ascribed to the synergistic impact of increased surface area in ZnO nanosphere and enhanced efficiency in charge separation resulting from optimized Mn doping. A potential explanation for the heightened photocatalytic performance of Mn-doped ZnO nanostructures is proposed tentatively.
{"title":"Sol-Gel technique, characterization and photocatalytic degradation activity of Manganese doped ZnO nanoparticles","authors":"A. Kistan, S. Mohan, S. Mahalakshmi, A. Jayanthi, A. J. Ramya, P. S. Karthik","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230067","url":null,"abstract":"Photocatalysis using semiconductor metal oxide stands out as a highly effective and efficient method for eliminating organic pollutants from wastewater. This study aims to assess the photocatalytic capabilities of Mn doped ZnO nanocomposites in degrading methylene blue (MB) dye under ultra-violet light exposure. This study details the synthesis of ZnO photocatalysts through a straightforward one-step sol-gel method, incorporating varying levels of Mn-doping (0%, 2% & 4%). The structural and optical attributes were examined using techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra. X-ray diffraction analyses verified the presence of a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure in all synthesized samples, exhibiting a high degree of crystallinity. In addition, an investigation into the impact of Mn impurities on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO catalysts was conducted in the context of methylene blue (MB) degradation. The experimental findings revealed that the Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles produced exhibited significantly superior photocatalytic performance compared to pure ZnO when used in breaking down methylene blue under UV-light exposure. This study proposes that these Mn doped ZnO could serve as a highly effective photocatalyst for treating water contaminated with certain chemically persistent synthetic organic dyes. The improved photocatalytic capabilities of ZnO nanostructures doped with Mn were ascribed to the synergistic impact of increased surface area in ZnO nanosphere and enhanced efficiency in charge separation resulting from optimized Mn doping. A potential explanation for the heightened photocatalytic performance of Mn-doped ZnO nanostructures is proposed tentatively.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arun K. Dubey, Rajesh K. Yadav, Vittal L. Gole, Satyam Singh, Rajat Singhal, Satyendra K. Pandey, Atul P. Singh
A novel and efficient method has been developed for synthesizing the g-C3N4@CR composite using a simple mingling and heating technique. This method involves the decoration of one-dimensional carmine (CR) onto graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). The light-harvesting composites produced through this process underwent characterization using various spectroscopic techniques, including UV, XRD, FT-IR, Raman, and XPS spectroscopy. To assess the photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4@CR Composite, its degradation efficiency was investigated by examining its performance in degrading fast green and nitrophenol dyes under outdoor solar light irradiation. The mechanism of degradation for these dyes by the newly designed g-C3N4@CR composite was elucidated through degradation kinetics analysis, involving the determination of parameters such as half-life time, rate constant, and degradation efficiency.
{"title":"Unveiling the power of g-C3N4@CR composite photocatalyst in simulated solar light-assisted degradation of fast green dye and nitrophenol","authors":"Arun K. Dubey, Rajesh K. Yadav, Vittal L. Gole, Satyam Singh, Rajat Singhal, Satyendra K. Pandey, Atul P. Singh","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230070","url":null,"abstract":"A novel and efficient method has been developed for synthesizing the g-C3N4@CR composite using a simple mingling and heating technique. This method involves the decoration of one-dimensional carmine (CR) onto graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). The light-harvesting composites produced through this process underwent characterization using various spectroscopic techniques, including UV, XRD, FT-IR, Raman, and XPS spectroscopy. To assess the photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4@CR Composite, its degradation efficiency was investigated by examining its performance in degrading fast green and nitrophenol dyes under outdoor solar light irradiation. The mechanism of degradation for these dyes by the newly designed g-C3N4@CR composite was elucidated through degradation kinetics analysis, involving the determination of parameters such as half-life time, rate constant, and degradation efficiency.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we reported isotopic effect in H2@X12N12 and H2O@X12N12 (X = B and Al) molecules at LC-ωPBE/6-311 G(d,p) level of theory. Zero-point energies values (ZPEs) of H2, H2O, H2@X12N12 and H2O@X12N12 molecules were calculated. Isotopes influenced the excess energies attained by molecules due to compression. The changes in ZPE of H2@X12N12 and H2O@X12N12 and those isotopic molecules intensely surpass those of the H2 and H2O molecules, subsequent in the great deuterium and tritium isotope effects. The excess of compression energy (Δ ɛ) obtained by the molecule under compression was sensibly, about 5.00–2.60 (X = B) and 1.48–2.63 (X = Al) kcal/mol. Larger kH/kD and kH/kT values were found in the presence of X = B than X = Al. These outcomes were recommended as a probe for analysis molecular compression of enzymatic positions; they may be significant for exploring extremely great experimental isotope effects in various enzymatic reactions, where they were ascribed to the tunneling.
{"title":"Computational investigation of isotopic effect in H2@X12N12 and H2O@X12N12 (X = B and Al) molecules","authors":"Reza Ghiasi, Alireza Valizadeh, Hoda Pasdar","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230074","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we reported isotopic effect in H2@X12N12 and H2O@X12N12 (X = B and Al) molecules at LC-ωPBE/6-311 G(d,p) level of theory. Zero-point energies values (ZPEs) of H2, H2O, H2@X12N12 and H2O@X12N12 molecules were calculated. Isotopes influenced the excess energies attained by molecules due to compression. The changes in ZPE of H2@X12N12 and H2O@X12N12 and those isotopic molecules intensely surpass those of the H2 and H2O molecules, subsequent in the great deuterium and tritium isotope effects. The excess of compression energy (Δ ɛ) obtained by the molecule under compression was sensibly, about 5.00–2.60 (X = B) and 1.48–2.63 (X = Al) kcal/mol. Larger kH/kD and kH/kT values were found in the presence of X = B than X = Al. These outcomes were recommended as a probe for analysis molecular compression of enzymatic positions; they may be significant for exploring extremely great experimental isotope effects in various enzymatic reactions, where they were ascribed to the tunneling.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134945758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we show that organic peroxide is a useful tool for breaking the viscosity or chain of polypropylene during melt processing to provide a regulated rheology product. Reactive extrusion is used to crosslink peroxide and combine it with polypropylene (PP). To achieve end-use applications with performance targets, stabilizers are required to preserve the polymer’s initial strength, flexibility, and toughness properties. Other additives are added to PP in addition to stabilization in order to enhance or change certain of its properties. With the addition of varying levels of organic peroxide [2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane]. The use of peroxide in the manufacturing process of polypropylene is a method of breaking in the polymer chains, which can affect its properties, including its MFI. It is possible that increasing the amount of peroxide used leads to a higher degree of branching or cross-linking, which in turn leads to a higher MFI value. However, it is important to note that the relationship between the amount of peroxide used and the resulting MFI values may not be linear and may depend on other factors as well. In addition to the MFI, other properties of the polypropylene were also measured, including shear and melt flow index, melting and crystallization temperatures, flexural and tensile moduli, and yield stress. These properties are important for understanding the mechanical and thermal behavior of the polymer and can be used to optimize its performance for specific applications.
{"title":"Impact of organic peroxide on a moderate molecular weight homo-polypropylene vis breaking, and mechanism of interaction","authors":"M. Abd El-Wahab, M.G. El-Desouky","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230024","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we show that organic peroxide is a useful tool for breaking the viscosity or chain of polypropylene during melt processing to provide a regulated rheology product. Reactive extrusion is used to crosslink peroxide and combine it with polypropylene (PP). To achieve end-use applications with performance targets, stabilizers are required to preserve the polymer’s initial strength, flexibility, and toughness properties. Other additives are added to PP in addition to stabilization in order to enhance or change certain of its properties. With the addition of varying levels of organic peroxide [2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane]. The use of peroxide in the manufacturing process of polypropylene is a method of breaking in the polymer chains, which can affect its properties, including its MFI. It is possible that increasing the amount of peroxide used leads to a higher degree of branching or cross-linking, which in turn leads to a higher MFI value. However, it is important to note that the relationship between the amount of peroxide used and the resulting MFI values may not be linear and may depend on other factors as well. In addition to the MFI, other properties of the polypropylene were also measured, including shear and melt flow index, melting and crystallization temperatures, flexural and tensile moduli, and yield stress. These properties are important for understanding the mechanical and thermal behavior of the polymer and can be used to optimize its performance for specific applications.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135721769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sheikhi, M. Khaleghian, S. Shahab, H. Yahyaei, M. Ahmadianarog
The adsorption of the dibenzothiophene (DBT) molecule upon the boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) was discussed using the DFT method by M062X/6-311 + G* level of theory in the water solvent. The results of thermochemical parameters display the interaction of the DBT with BNNS is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The UV/Vis absorption analysis was carried out to predict the changes that occurred during the adsorption of the DBT upon the BNNS. Based on the FMO analysis, the value of the energy gap (Eg) of the BNNS reduced after the interaction of the DBT with the BNNS. The negative value of ΔN (-0.0048) of the DBT@BNNS complex confirms the charge transfer from DBT to the BNNS which is inconsistent with the results of the NBO analysis. QTAIM analysis displays an electrostatic interaction between BNNS and DBT. According to the results of NICS calculations, after the interaction of DBT with BNNS, all three rings A, B, and C of DBT have become more aromatic and stable in the presence of the nanosheet magnetic field. We hope that our findings can be used for modeling and designing a suitable adsorbed for the adsorptive desulfurization process.
{"title":"Theoretical investigation of the adsorption behavior of dibenzothiophene molecule on the surface of the pristine boron nitride nanosheet","authors":"M. Sheikhi, M. Khaleghian, S. Shahab, H. Yahyaei, M. Ahmadianarog","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230002","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorption of the dibenzothiophene (DBT) molecule upon the boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) was discussed using the DFT method by M062X/6-311 + G* level of theory in the water solvent. The results of thermochemical parameters display the interaction of the DBT with BNNS is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The UV/Vis absorption analysis was carried out to predict the changes that occurred during the adsorption of the DBT upon the BNNS. Based on the FMO analysis, the value of the energy gap (Eg) of the BNNS reduced after the interaction of the DBT with the BNNS. The negative value of ΔN (-0.0048) of the DBT@BNNS complex confirms the charge transfer from DBT to the BNNS which is inconsistent with the results of the NBO analysis. QTAIM analysis displays an electrostatic interaction between BNNS and DBT. According to the results of NICS calculations, after the interaction of DBT with BNNS, all three rings A, B, and C of DBT have become more aromatic and stable in the presence of the nanosheet magnetic field. We hope that our findings can be used for modeling and designing a suitable adsorbed for the adsorptive desulfurization process.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85238847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamad Shobeirinia, R. J. Yengejeh, E. Derikvand, Maryam Mohammadi Rouzbehani
The purpose of this study was the evaluation the Electro-Fenton (EF) and Photo Elecro-Fennton (PEF) efficiencies to remove of some pollution indicators from effluents of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) petrochemical industries affected by the operational parameters such as operation time, pH, current density, and concentration of H2O2. The EF and PEF reactors were made and a batch study was performed to optimize the operational parameters. The optimum operating conditions were determined as pH 5, reaction time 60 min, H2O2 concentration 50 mmol/lit and current density 20 mA/cm2 for EF process and pH 5, operation time 30 min, H2O2 concentration 25 mmol/lit, current density of 20 mA/cm2 for PEF process. The highest removal efficiencies of COD (chemical oxygen demand), turbidity, total kejaldahl nitrogen (TKN) and total suspended solids (TSS) by EF and PEF processes under optimal conditions were obtained 86.7, 88.1, 67.9 and 64.1% for EF and 92.4, 93.7, 70.5 and 67.2% for PEF process, respectively. The PEF process resulted in higher removal efficiencies than that of the EF process to remove COD and TKN especially. Also, the amount of energy consumption for EF and PEF were obtained 10.1 and 9.3 kW h/m3, respectively. The PEF process was more capable to remove the pollutants from wastewater, than the EF process in a shorter time and with a lower H2O2 concentration due to the presence of UV radiation, which causes the photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants.
{"title":"Comparison of Electro-Fenton and Photoelectro-Fenton for removal of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) from petrochemical wastewater","authors":"Mohamad Shobeirinia, R. J. Yengejeh, E. Derikvand, Maryam Mohammadi Rouzbehani","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230063","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was the evaluation the Electro-Fenton (EF) and Photo Elecro-Fennton (PEF) efficiencies to remove of some pollution indicators from effluents of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) petrochemical industries affected by the operational parameters such as operation time, pH, current density, and concentration of H2O2. The EF and PEF reactors were made and a batch study was performed to optimize the operational parameters. The optimum operating conditions were determined as pH 5, reaction time 60 min, H2O2 concentration 50 mmol/lit and current density 20 mA/cm2 for EF process and pH 5, operation time 30 min, H2O2 concentration 25 mmol/lit, current density of 20 mA/cm2 for PEF process. The highest removal efficiencies of COD (chemical oxygen demand), turbidity, total kejaldahl nitrogen (TKN) and total suspended solids (TSS) by EF and PEF processes under optimal conditions were obtained 86.7, 88.1, 67.9 and 64.1% for EF and 92.4, 93.7, 70.5 and 67.2% for PEF process, respectively. The PEF process resulted in higher removal efficiencies than that of the EF process to remove COD and TKN especially. Also, the amount of energy consumption for EF and PEF were obtained 10.1 and 9.3 kW h/m3, respectively. The PEF process was more capable to remove the pollutants from wastewater, than the EF process in a shorter time and with a lower H2O2 concentration due to the presence of UV radiation, which causes the photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83029597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sillenite-structured bismuth titanate (Bi12TiO20) is thought to be a viable photocatalyst for environmental remediation. However, the performance of Bi12TiO20 as a photocatalyst is severely constrained by its limited range of light sensitivity and the rapid photoinduced electron-hole pair recombination. A practical and effective way to overcome these limitations is to combine Bi12TiO20 with adequate photocatalysts to create heterojunctions. Here, a one-step solvothermal technique is used to synthesize Bi12TiO20/Bi4Ti3O12 heterojunction (BTO). The electric field that exists between B12TiO20, Bi4Ti3O12 and the closed interfacial contacts had a synergistic effect on the constructed composites, which resulted in high charge transfer abilities. Therefore, the BTO heterojunction demonstrated increased photocatalytic efficacy in the presence of ultraviolet irradiation. The MO removal efficiency of optimal BTO was 97.15%, significantly higher than that of pure Bi2O3 (46.9%). Furthermore, the cycling experiment demonstrated that the BTO heterojunction is stable and reusable. The probable mechanism of photocatalytic MO oxidation over BTO heterojunction was studied by various scavengers. The •OH radicals and holes played essential roles in BTO system of photocatalytic oxidation process.
{"title":"Solvothermal synthesis of Bi12TiO20/Bi4Ti3O12 heterostructure with highly efficient photodegradation of MO under UV irradiation","authors":"Saad Aarich, M. Saidi, N. Chouaibi, K. Ziat","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230060","url":null,"abstract":"The sillenite-structured bismuth titanate (Bi12TiO20) is thought to be a viable photocatalyst for environmental remediation. However, the performance of Bi12TiO20 as a photocatalyst is severely constrained by its limited range of light sensitivity and the rapid photoinduced electron-hole pair recombination. A practical and effective way to overcome these limitations is to combine Bi12TiO20 with adequate photocatalysts to create heterojunctions. Here, a one-step solvothermal technique is used to synthesize Bi12TiO20/Bi4Ti3O12 heterojunction (BTO). The electric field that exists between B12TiO20, Bi4Ti3O12 and the closed interfacial contacts had a synergistic effect on the constructed composites, which resulted in high charge transfer abilities. Therefore, the BTO heterojunction demonstrated increased photocatalytic efficacy in the presence of ultraviolet irradiation. The MO removal efficiency of optimal BTO was 97.15%, significantly higher than that of pure Bi2O3 (46.9%). Furthermore, the cycling experiment demonstrated that the BTO heterojunction is stable and reusable. The probable mechanism of photocatalytic MO oxidation over BTO heterojunction was studied by various scavengers. The •OH radicals and holes played essential roles in BTO system of photocatalytic oxidation process.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88908202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In consumer electronics, Organic LED (OLED) has become mainstream display technology. Using organic materials, opto-electronics devices have become extensively desirable for various reasons. One of the fundamental properties i.e., flexibility permits to fabricate electronic circuits on flexible substrates to make these devices bendable and stretchable. This paper provides a review on various terms of OLED like fabrication methods, operation of OLED, its categorization, few OTFT driven OLEDs, stability issues of white OLED and various applications of OLED based on sensors, display, and lighting. Different lighting devices like incandescent bulb, tube light, CFL, LED and OLED are compared on the basis of their efficiency and lifetime. The comparison highlights that the LED provides good lifetime, however, for OLED it depends on the organic semiconducting materials responsible for emission. Different layers such as charge injection layers, transport layers and blocking layer to refine the properties of organic LEDs are also studied and compared. Addition to this, a low-cost methodology is also incorporated for the fabrication of flexible devices.
{"title":"Architectural design, fabrication techniques, characteristics parameters and different applications for OLED along with some OTFT driven OLEDs: A review","authors":"Sugandha Yadav, P. Mittal, S. Negi","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220088","url":null,"abstract":"In consumer electronics, Organic LED (OLED) has become mainstream display technology. Using organic materials, opto-electronics devices have become extensively desirable for various reasons. One of the fundamental properties i.e., flexibility permits to fabricate electronic circuits on flexible substrates to make these devices bendable and stretchable. This paper provides a review on various terms of OLED like fabrication methods, operation of OLED, its categorization, few OTFT driven OLEDs, stability issues of white OLED and various applications of OLED based on sensors, display, and lighting. Different lighting devices like incandescent bulb, tube light, CFL, LED and OLED are compared on the basis of their efficiency and lifetime. The comparison highlights that the LED provides good lifetime, however, for OLED it depends on the organic semiconducting materials responsible for emission. Different layers such as charge injection layers, transport layers and blocking layer to refine the properties of organic LEDs are also studied and compared. Addition to this, a low-cost methodology is also incorporated for the fabrication of flexible devices.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75101882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tri-organotin(IV) complex of composition [n-Bu3Sn(C6H5OCH2CONHO)] has been synthesized by using Bu3SnCl and potassium phenoxyacetohydroxamate ligand (KPAH) in pre-determined molar ratio of methanol and tetrahydrofuran. These are characterized by spectral techniques like FTIR, 1 H NMR and mass spectrometry. Studies on electrochemical processes are carried out using cyclic voltammetry. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities performed by using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method has revealed complex as biologically active. Molecular docking of the ligand and complex has been performed against the fungal receptor (PDB ID: 1UKC) to study the interactions between compound and receptor.
{"title":"Tri-butyltin(IV)phenoxyacetohydroxamate: Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies","authors":"Vandna Sharma, V. Choudhary","doi":"10.3233/mgc-230008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-230008","url":null,"abstract":"The tri-organotin(IV) complex of composition [n-Bu3Sn(C6H5OCH2CONHO)] has been synthesized by using Bu3SnCl and potassium phenoxyacetohydroxamate ligand (KPAH) in pre-determined molar ratio of methanol and tetrahydrofuran. These are characterized by spectral techniques like FTIR, 1 H NMR and mass spectrometry. Studies on electrochemical processes are carried out using cyclic voltammetry. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities performed by using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method has revealed complex as biologically active. Molecular docking of the ligand and complex has been performed against the fungal receptor (PDB ID: 1UKC) to study the interactions between compound and receptor.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86846561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Sakaya Sheela, B. Anna Benedict, B. Jebasingh, V. Manickam, J. Sumathi
In our current study, we demonstrate that lanthanum and yttrium ortho ferrites can be synthesized using a combustion process called self-propagating, high-temperature synthesis (SHS) using lanthanum(III) oxide and yttrium(III)oxide, chromium oxide, Iron metal, and potassium perchlorate as raw materials. Synthesized lanthanide and yttrium orthoferrites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The results show that the synthesized orthoferrites are of high quality with particle sizes less than 100 nm and showing less agglomeration. Synthesized lanthanum and yttrium orthoferrites exhibited electrical conductivities around 50 kHz for different temperatures ranging from 35 to 500°C. The rise in conductivity is found to be linear with an increase in temperature. Herein, our work paves way for low-cost, large-scale production of lanthanide orthoferrites without the need for reaction solvents, which greatly opens up the scope for combustion-based synthesis approaches.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and applications of lanthanide ortho ferrites","authors":"L. Sakaya Sheela, B. Anna Benedict, B. Jebasingh, V. Manickam, J. Sumathi","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220072","url":null,"abstract":"In our current study, we demonstrate that lanthanum and yttrium ortho ferrites can be synthesized using a combustion process called self-propagating, high-temperature synthesis (SHS) using lanthanum(III) oxide and yttrium(III)oxide, chromium oxide, Iron metal, and potassium perchlorate as raw materials. Synthesized lanthanide and yttrium orthoferrites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The results show that the synthesized orthoferrites are of high quality with particle sizes less than 100 nm and showing less agglomeration. Synthesized lanthanum and yttrium orthoferrites exhibited electrical conductivities around 50 kHz for different temperatures ranging from 35 to 500°C. The rise in conductivity is found to be linear with an increase in temperature. Herein, our work paves way for low-cost, large-scale production of lanthanide orthoferrites without the need for reaction solvents, which greatly opens up the scope for combustion-based synthesis approaches.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135525432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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