Christos Ganidis, A. Nikolaidis, C. Gogos, E. Koulaouzidou
Over the last decades many concerns have been raised regarding the migration of potentially toxic metals from the orthodontic appliances to the oral environment due to the dynamic dominant conditions. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the oral environment acidity and aging time on the ion release from orthodontic archwires. For this purpose, dental archwires consisted of three different alloys were immersed in artificial saliva of varied pH values for 7 and 30 days at 37±1°C. The liquid extracts were then analyzed with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). It was found that the released ion species and the measured concentrations were not in accordance with manufacturers’ data. Furthermore, the leachates were mainly enriched with Cr and Ni ions by decreasing the saliva pH, while most of the archwires released the highest amounts of Ni, Mn and Cr ions after 30 days aging at pH = 3.5. Independent of the material type or the aging conditions, the total release of Ni and Cr ions was within the considered average dietary intake levels.
{"title":"Determination of metal ions release from orthodontic archwires in artificial saliva using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES)","authors":"Christos Ganidis, A. Nikolaidis, C. Gogos, E. Koulaouzidou","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220013","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decades many concerns have been raised regarding the migration of potentially toxic metals from the orthodontic appliances to the oral environment due to the dynamic dominant conditions. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the oral environment acidity and aging time on the ion release from orthodontic archwires. For this purpose, dental archwires consisted of three different alloys were immersed in artificial saliva of varied pH values for 7 and 30 days at 37±1°C. The liquid extracts were then analyzed with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). It was found that the released ion species and the measured concentrations were not in accordance with manufacturers’ data. Furthermore, the leachates were mainly enriched with Cr and Ni ions by decreasing the saliva pH, while most of the archwires released the highest amounts of Ni, Mn and Cr ions after 30 days aging at pH = 3.5. Independent of the material type or the aging conditions, the total release of Ni and Cr ions was within the considered average dietary intake levels.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76541012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to examine in detail the effect of experiential learning in analytical chemistry laboratory on preservice teachers’ scientific attitudes and to examine their views on the qualitative analysis in analytical chemistry laboratory. The study group consisted of 27 preservice chemistry teachers. The study was designed by mixed method. The scientific attitude scale and note to self-form were used as data collection tools. From the results, it was observed that the scientific attitudes of preservice chemistry teachers increased significantly. When the scores in the sub-dimensions of the scientific attitude scale are compared, it is noteworthy that there is a significant difference in the third dimension “being a scientist or working in a job.” According to the note to self-form preservice teachers’ notes were categorised as cognitive field note, sensory field note, and psychomotor field note.
{"title":"An analysis of preservice teachers’ scientific attitude in analytical chemistry laboratory with experiential learning","authors":"F. Alkan","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220055","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to examine in detail the effect of experiential learning in analytical chemistry laboratory on preservice teachers’ scientific attitudes and to examine their views on the qualitative analysis in analytical chemistry laboratory. The study group consisted of 27 preservice chemistry teachers. The study was designed by mixed method. The scientific attitude scale and note to self-form were used as data collection tools. From the results, it was observed that the scientific attitudes of preservice chemistry teachers increased significantly. When the scores in the sub-dimensions of the scientific attitude scale are compared, it is noteworthy that there is a significant difference in the third dimension “being a scientist or working in a job.” According to the note to self-form preservice teachers’ notes were categorised as cognitive field note, sensory field note, and psychomotor field note.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90606247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Abdelwahed, Hanene Cherif, Bilel Bejaoui, Ilhem Saadouli, T. Hajji, N. Ben Halim, A. Ouertani, I. Ouzari, A. Cherif, W. Mnif, A. Mosbah, A. Masmoudi
The detection and quantification of Indole -3 Acetic Acid (IAA) produced by Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) rely on a standard well-documented assay, which remains time-consuming, laborious, and costly. These drawbacks led to sway interest to economic and reliable assays. The aim of this work is to validate and standardize a fast, reliable, and cost-effective microassay to quantify IAA produced by bacteria with an easy microplate method. In order to validate the accuracy of the IAA microplate assay, bacterial samples from different genera were assayed using two methods: the conventional IAA estimation assay and the IAA micro- assay. The microassay shows a prominent reduction in used bacterial supernatant volume as well as Salkowski reagent volume of about 92.5%. It is considerably cheaper than the conventional one of around 56%. The newly performed microplate assay is 23 times faster. The result of IAA quantitative analysis for 13 bacterial strains showed that Bacillus muralis and Bacillus toyonensis produced the highest IAA concentration (23.64±0.003μg/ml and 23.35±0.006μg/ml, respectively). The obtained data from both methods were highly correlated with an R-value of 0.979. The microassay offers the ability to read the optical density of all samples simultaneously since used volumes of bacterial supernatants and Salkowski reagent were minimized to place the mixture in 96-well microplates, which reduces greatly required labor. Furthermore, the application of the IAA micro-plate assay reduces drastically the reagent waste and toxicity hazard of Salkowski reagent in the environment, thus, we can classify it as eco-friendly respecting the Green Chemistry concept according to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The IAA microassay is a, reliable, rapid and cost-effective and eco-friendly method to screen plant growth promoting potential of more than 23 bacterial strains by microplate. It could be an alternative for the conventional IAA assay as a routine research tool.
{"title":"Microassay validation for bacterial IAA estimation as a new fine-tuned PGPR screening assay","authors":"S. Abdelwahed, Hanene Cherif, Bilel Bejaoui, Ilhem Saadouli, T. Hajji, N. Ben Halim, A. Ouertani, I. Ouzari, A. Cherif, W. Mnif, A. Mosbah, A. Masmoudi","doi":"10.3233/mgc-210124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-210124","url":null,"abstract":"The detection and quantification of Indole -3 Acetic Acid (IAA) produced by Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) rely on a standard well-documented assay, which remains time-consuming, laborious, and costly. These drawbacks led to sway interest to economic and reliable assays. The aim of this work is to validate and standardize a fast, reliable, and cost-effective microassay to quantify IAA produced by bacteria with an easy microplate method. In order to validate the accuracy of the IAA microplate assay, bacterial samples from different genera were assayed using two methods: the conventional IAA estimation assay and the IAA micro- assay. The microassay shows a prominent reduction in used bacterial supernatant volume as well as Salkowski reagent volume of about 92.5%. It is considerably cheaper than the conventional one of around 56%. The newly performed microplate assay is 23 times faster. The result of IAA quantitative analysis for 13 bacterial strains showed that Bacillus muralis and Bacillus toyonensis produced the highest IAA concentration (23.64±0.003μg/ml and 23.35±0.006μg/ml, respectively). The obtained data from both methods were highly correlated with an R-value of 0.979. The microassay offers the ability to read the optical density of all samples simultaneously since used volumes of bacterial supernatants and Salkowski reagent were minimized to place the mixture in 96-well microplates, which reduces greatly required labor. Furthermore, the application of the IAA micro-plate assay reduces drastically the reagent waste and toxicity hazard of Salkowski reagent in the environment, thus, we can classify it as eco-friendly respecting the Green Chemistry concept according to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The IAA microassay is a, reliable, rapid and cost-effective and eco-friendly method to screen plant growth promoting potential of more than 23 bacterial strains by microplate. It could be an alternative for the conventional IAA assay as a routine research tool.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85168263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yazdi, Azam Najafloo, Hossein Sakhaeinia, Amirhossein Saali, V. Pirouzfar
In this paper, we applied PC-SAFT and SAFT-HR equations of state so as to reproduce the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous diethanolamine solution. By using these equations, we have been able to model the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous amine solution in more than 350 experimental data points with wide range of amine molar concentration (0.01–0.12), temperature (300 K –478 K), carbon dioxide partial pressure (0.0001 KPa –5473 KPa), and carbon dioxide loading (0.04 –1.1). Ternary systems including water, carbon dioxide and diethanolamine have also been modeled by PC-SAFT and SAFT-HR equations of state based on bubble pressure algorithm. Binary interaction parameters are set to zero to show the genuine capability of equations of state in reproducing such experimental data. Provided modeling results have been obtained from MATLAB R2019b software for PC-SAFT equation of state are less deviated with experimental data. Overall average relative deviation of SAFT-HR and PC-SAFT are 45.452% and 4.374% respectively which show that PC-SAFT is a robust equation of state in predicting the solubility data of carbon dioxide in aqueous alkanolamine solutions.
本文应用PC-SAFT和SAFT-HR状态方程再现了二氧化碳在二乙醇胺水溶液中的溶解度。通过使用这些方程，我们已经能够在350多个实验数据点上模拟二氧化碳在胺水溶液中的溶解度，这些数据点的范围很广，包括胺的摩尔浓度(0.01-0.12)、温度(300 K -478 K)、二氧化碳分压(0.0001 KPa -5473 KPa)和二氧化碳负荷(0.04 -1.1)。基于气泡压力算法的PC-SAFT和SAFT-HR状态方程也对水、二氧化碳和二乙醇胺三元体系进行了建模。二元相互作用参数被设置为零，以显示状态方程再现此类实验数据的真正能力。假设在MATLAB R2019b软件中得到PC-SAFT的建模结果，状态方程与实验数据偏差较小。SAFT-HR和PC-SAFT的总体平均相对偏差分别为45.452%和4.374%，表明PC-SAFT是预测二氧化碳在醇胺水溶液中溶解度数据的稳健状态方程。
{"title":"The comparative modeling of solubility of carbon dioxide in amine solutions using SAFT-HR and PC-SAFT equation of state","authors":"A. Yazdi, Azam Najafloo, Hossein Sakhaeinia, Amirhossein Saali, V. Pirouzfar","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220064","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we applied PC-SAFT and SAFT-HR equations of state so as to reproduce the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous diethanolamine solution. By using these equations, we have been able to model the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous amine solution in more than 350 experimental data points with wide range of amine molar concentration (0.01–0.12), temperature (300 K –478 K), carbon dioxide partial pressure (0.0001 KPa –5473 KPa), and carbon dioxide loading (0.04 –1.1). Ternary systems including water, carbon dioxide and diethanolamine have also been modeled by PC-SAFT and SAFT-HR equations of state based on bubble pressure algorithm. Binary interaction parameters are set to zero to show the genuine capability of equations of state in reproducing such experimental data. Provided modeling results have been obtained from MATLAB R2019b software for PC-SAFT equation of state are less deviated with experimental data. Overall average relative deviation of SAFT-HR and PC-SAFT are 45.452% and 4.374% respectively which show that PC-SAFT is a robust equation of state in predicting the solubility data of carbon dioxide in aqueous alkanolamine solutions.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78377495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, compounds (E)-4-((5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzenesul-fonamide 1, (E)-4-((5-bromo-2-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide 2 and, complex 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetra-[(E)-4-((5-bromo-3-methoxy-2-(λ 1-oxidanyl)benzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridine-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide]phthalocyaninato zinc(II) 3 were synthesized for the first time. Their structures (1 –3) were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as FTIR, 1H NMR,13C NMR, UV–vis, MALDI-TOF mass spectra and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic, aggregation, photophysical and photochemical properties of zinc(II) phthalocyanine 3 in dimethyl sulfoxide were investigated and the effects on the above-mentioned properties were reported as a result of the presence of benzenesulfonamide derivatives containing different bioactive groups, in their peripheral positions. In addition, its above-mentioned properties were also reported by comparing different species with those of their substituted and/or unsubstituted counterparts. The zinc(II) phthalocyanine 3 can be a potential photosensitizer candidate in photodynamic therapy, which is an effective alternative therapy in cancer treatment, due to its good solubility in commonly known solvents and monomeric species, as well as its adequate and favorable fluorescence, singlet oxygen production and photostability.
{"title":"Spectroscopic and photophysicochemical properties of zinc(II) phthalocyanine substituted with benzenesulfonamide units containing schiff base","authors":"Gülen Atiye Öncül, Ö. Öztürk, M. Pişkin","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220067","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, compounds (E)-4-((5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzenesul-fonamide 1, (E)-4-((5-bromo-2-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide 2 and, complex 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetra-[(E)-4-((5-bromo-3-methoxy-2-(λ 1-oxidanyl)benzylidene)amino)-N-(pyridine-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide]phthalocyaninato zinc(II) 3 were synthesized for the first time. Their structures (1 –3) were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as FTIR, 1H NMR,13C NMR, UV–vis, MALDI-TOF mass spectra and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic, aggregation, photophysical and photochemical properties of zinc(II) phthalocyanine 3 in dimethyl sulfoxide were investigated and the effects on the above-mentioned properties were reported as a result of the presence of benzenesulfonamide derivatives containing different bioactive groups, in their peripheral positions. In addition, its above-mentioned properties were also reported by comparing different species with those of their substituted and/or unsubstituted counterparts. The zinc(II) phthalocyanine 3 can be a potential photosensitizer candidate in photodynamic therapy, which is an effective alternative therapy in cancer treatment, due to its good solubility in commonly known solvents and monomeric species, as well as its adequate and favorable fluorescence, singlet oxygen production and photostability.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76755554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper present device model simulation describing the current-voltage characteristics of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cell. In the research paper an organic photovoltaic device with PPV/PCBM [poly (2-methoxy-5-{3’,7’-dimethyloctyloxy}-p-phenylene vinylene) and {6,6}- phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester] was simulated via Silvaco TCAD 2-D simulation tool. PCBM acts as acceptor and PPV is donor. The models used to simulate the device were Langevin for recombination, s.binding and a.singlet. Simulation of these type of devices is an vital approach to project and predict the cell performance. Under the illumination of one sun (AM 1.5) the simulated organic cell showed a short circuit current density (J SC ) of 28 A/m2, open circuit voltage (V OC ) of 0.84 Volt and a fill factor (FF) of 52.51%, the resulting maximum efficiency of the PPV/PCBM organic solar cell is 1.22%.
本文对聚合物/富勒烯异质结太阳能电池的电流电压特性进行了器件模型仿真。本文利用Silvaco TCAD二维仿真工具对PPV/PCBM[聚(2-甲氧基-5-{3′，7′-二甲基辛基}-对苯基乙烯基)和{6,6}-苯基c61 -丁酸甲酯]的有机光伏器件进行了仿真。PCBM为受体，PPV为供体。用于模拟该装置的模型分别为重组朗格万模型、结合朗格万模型和单线态朗格万模型。这类器件的仿真是预测和预测电池性能的重要方法。在一个太阳光照(AM 1.5)下，模拟有机电池的短路电流密度(jsc)为28 a /m2，开路电压(V OC)为0.84伏，填充系数(FF)为52.51%，所得PPV/PCBM有机太阳能电池的最大效率为1.22%。
{"title":"Parametric extraction and internal analysis of fullerene-based polymer bulk heterojunction solar cell","authors":"Paritosh Chamola, P. Mittal","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220038","url":null,"abstract":"This paper present device model simulation describing the current-voltage characteristics of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cell. In the research paper an organic photovoltaic device with PPV/PCBM [poly (2-methoxy-5-{3’,7’-dimethyloctyloxy}-p-phenylene vinylene) and {6,6}- phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester] was simulated via Silvaco TCAD 2-D simulation tool. PCBM acts as acceptor and PPV is donor. The models used to simulate the device were Langevin for recombination, s.binding and a.singlet. Simulation of these type of devices is an vital approach to project and predict the cell performance. Under the illumination of one sun (AM 1.5) the simulated organic cell showed a short circuit current density (J SC ) of 28 A/m2, open circuit voltage (V OC ) of 0.84 Volt and a fill factor (FF) of 52.51%, the resulting maximum efficiency of the PPV/PCBM organic solar cell is 1.22%.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90556228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retraction notice regarding several articles published in Main Group Chemistry","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74625057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sandhu, A. Singh, S. Pandey, V. Ghule, R. K. Tittal, R. Yadav, R. Shrivastava
The development of small molecule based drugs as an antimicrobial agent is an important area of research nowadays. In the present work, two new molecular entities based on dialkylated erythrosin B has been synthesized via Arbuzov type of rearrangement using dialkyl sulphite as a reagent in the presence of Et3N. Ethyl and methyl based dialkylated derivatives of erythrosin B were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS data. Keeping in mind the biological safety of erythrosin B, synthesized derivatives were checked for their antimicrobial activity against the microbial strains Escherichia coli (E.coli). The two were found to be effective against the E. coli with the antimicrobial activity similar to that of Ampicillin. Further, the trend of antimicrobial activity has been supported by DFT data analysis and it was observed that compound, B with low HOMO (–5.93 eV) and LUMO (–3.11 eV) energies is a better antimicrobial agent than compound A.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization of dialkylated erythrosin B derivatives and their utility as a propitious anti-microbial agent","authors":"N. Sandhu, A. Singh, S. Pandey, V. Ghule, R. K. Tittal, R. Yadav, R. Shrivastava","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220026","url":null,"abstract":"The development of small molecule based drugs as an antimicrobial agent is an important area of research nowadays. In the present work, two new molecular entities based on dialkylated erythrosin B has been synthesized via Arbuzov type of rearrangement using dialkyl sulphite as a reagent in the presence of Et3N. Ethyl and methyl based dialkylated derivatives of erythrosin B were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS data. Keeping in mind the biological safety of erythrosin B, synthesized derivatives were checked for their antimicrobial activity against the microbial strains Escherichia coli (E.coli). The two were found to be effective against the E. coli with the antimicrobial activity similar to that of Ampicillin. Further, the trend of antimicrobial activity has been supported by DFT data analysis and it was observed that compound, B with low HOMO (–5.93 eV) and LUMO (–3.11 eV) energies is a better antimicrobial agent than compound A.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72869129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bahar Ghasemzadeh, Amir Abbas Matin, Mostafa Ebadi, Biuck Habibi
Biodiesel is a renewable energy source, which is produced through transesterification reactions. Despite great attention to develop enzymatic biodiesel production, there are serious obstacles to the industrial development of it such as its cost and slow reaction rate. Along with disadvantages, there are several advantages for enzymatic biodiesel production. Higher purity of fuel and glycerol is known as the most important achievement of enzymatic process. In this study, performance of four different fungi for lipase production was investigated and Aspergillus niger was selected as enzyme source. Lipase production were optimized using experimental design and the optimized factors were determined as pH 5, temperature 30 °C, Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) 3 % w/v, olive oil 1.50 % v/v, with maximum lipase activity of 42.8±0.51 U/mg. In order to interfacial activation of the lipase, effect of surfactants was studied. Therefore, surfactant-enzyme aggregates were used as biocatalyst for transesterification reaction. Effects of factors on biodiesel yield were studied too. The yield was 96.41±1.20 % at the optimized conditions (methanol/oil molar ratio (5.50:1), enzyme concentration 19 % v/ w, Tween 80 concentration 19 mg L– 1, temperature 40 °C and reaction time 46 h).
{"title":"Aspergillus niger based lipase-tween 80 aggregates as interfacial activated biocatalyst for biodiesel production: Optimization using response surface methodology","authors":"Bahar Ghasemzadeh, Amir Abbas Matin, Mostafa Ebadi, Biuck Habibi","doi":"10.3233/mgc-220010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-220010","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel is a renewable energy source, which is produced through transesterification reactions. Despite great attention to develop enzymatic biodiesel production, there are serious obstacles to the industrial development of it such as its cost and slow reaction rate. Along with disadvantages, there are several advantages for enzymatic biodiesel production. Higher purity of fuel and glycerol is known as the most important achievement of enzymatic process. In this study, performance of four different fungi for lipase production was investigated and Aspergillus niger was selected as enzyme source. Lipase production were optimized using experimental design and the optimized factors were determined as pH 5, temperature 30 °C, Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) 3 % w/v, olive oil 1.50 % v/v, with maximum lipase activity of 42.8±0.51 U/mg. In order to interfacial activation of the lipase, effect of surfactants was studied. Therefore, surfactant-enzyme aggregates were used as biocatalyst for transesterification reaction. Effects of factors on biodiesel yield were studied too. The yield was 96.41±1.20 % at the optimized conditions (methanol/oil molar ratio (5.50:1), enzyme concentration 19 % v/ w, Tween 80 concentration 19 mg L–\u00001, temperature 40 °C and reaction time 46 h).","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138508631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper has mainly focused on the technology of transforming potassium minerals from phosphate-potassium associated minerals into soluble potassium by acid hydrolysis, and discussed the leaching mechanism of potassium in the process of leaching. As it is shown from the research, in the acid leaching system, [H +] = 8.71 mol L–1, m NH4F:m phosphorushboxpotassiumassociatedore = 0.25, the leaching rate of potassium reaches 74% at 413 K for 2 h. And the release of potassium ion is the result of the interaction of “oxidation” and “ion exchange”. It was found from the Eh-pH diagram of K-(Si)-(P)-(F)-H2O system that, when P-F or Si-F appeared in K-H2O system, the K + stable region became narrow, and the excess fluorine was not conducive to the stability of K + in aqueous solution.
{"title":"Study on the mechanism and thermodynamics of potassium leaching from phosphorus-potassium associated ore","authors":"Yan Zhu, Liang Li, Quan Qi","doi":"10.3233/mgc-210177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/mgc-210177","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has mainly focused on the technology of transforming potassium minerals from phosphate-potassium associated minerals into soluble potassium by acid hydrolysis, and discussed the leaching mechanism of potassium in the process of leaching. As it is shown from the research, in the acid leaching system, [H +] = 8.71 mol L–1, m NH4F:m phosphorushboxpotassiumassociatedore = 0.25, the leaching rate of potassium reaches 74% at 413 K for 2 h. And the release of potassium ion is the result of the interaction of “oxidation” and “ion exchange”. It was found from the Eh-pH diagram of K-(Si)-(P)-(F)-H2O system that, when P-F or Si-F appeared in K-H2O system, the K + stable region became narrow, and the excess fluorine was not conducive to the stability of K + in aqueous solution.","PeriodicalId":18027,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Chemistry","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78052998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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