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IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

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IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

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Gypsophytes and the use of Martian Gypsum: A review of their potential for agriculture on Mars 火星石膏和火星石膏的使用：对其在火星农业上的潜力的回顾

IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.09.009

Miguel de Luis , Jordi López-Pujol , Juan Mota , M. Encarna Merlo , Julio Álvarez-Jiménez , Jose Ignacio Aparicio , Carmen Bartolomé , Jens Ormö , Laura M. Parro

Gypsophytes are plants that thrive on gypsum soils on Earth. They possess some adaptive traits that could constitute pre-adaptations to the conditions for potential cultivation in a controlled habitat on Mars. Martian agriculture should utilize substrates obtained directly from the planet itself. However, the detection of perchlorates in the soil of Mars raises doubts about this possibility. These molecules are distributed globally and in concentrations toxic to both humans and plants. The polar winds may preserve some Martian gypsum outcrops from the effects of perchlorates. If so, using this Martian gypsum as a growing substrate for gypsophytes may be a viable option. In the medium term, implementing gypsophyte adaptations on staple crops would also be possible using CRISPR-Cas9 and/or other gene-editing technologies. According to the literature reviewed, Gypsophila struthium subsp. struthium shows a high degree of colonization capacity and high resistance to drought. This taxon serves as an ecological facilitator for other species, and its germination appears to be favored by the presence of gypsum. Several experimental results suggest it would be worthwhile to test the cultivation of this and other plants on reliable simulants or Martian gypsum through sample return missions or on a mission that would perform the cultivation on Mars itself.

石膏植物是在地球上的石膏土壤上茁壮成长的植物。它们具有一些适应特征，可以构成对火星上受控栖息地潜在培育条件的预适应。火星农业应该利用直接从火星上获取的基质。然而，在火星土壤中检测到的高氯酸盐引起了人们对这种可能性的怀疑。这些分子分布在全球，其浓度对人类和植物都是有毒的。极地风可能会保护一些火星上的露头石膏不受高氯酸盐的影响。如果是这样的话，使用这种火星石膏作为石膏菌生长的基质可能是一个可行的选择。从中期来看，利用CRISPR-Cas9和/或其他基因编辑技术，也有可能在主要作物上实现石膏菌的适应性。根据文献综述，石膏霉属植物。锶具有很高的定殖能力和抗旱性。这个分类群作为其他物种的生态促进者，它的发芽似乎受到石膏的存在的青睐。一些实验结果表明，在可靠的模拟物或火星石膏上通过样本返回任务或在火星上进行种植的任务来测试这种植物和其他植物的种植是值得的。

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Enhanced accuracy in radiation dose estimation for astronauts using mesh-type reference computational phantoms 利用网格型参考计算幻影提高宇航员辐射剂量估计的精度

IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.11.012

Vivek Kaushik , Sabyasachi Paul , Sunder Sahayanathan , S Anand

With the increasing ambition of deep space missions, the accurate estimation of radiation doses to astronauts has become a critical concern. Traditional radiation dose estimation methods may often overestimate the biological impact due to their limitations in accurately modelling thin-layered organs. This study employs advanced Mesh-type Reference Computational Phantoms (MRCPs) along with the Geant4 simulation toolkit to calculate dose conversion coefficients and quality factors for various radiations, including protons, alpha particles, carbon, magnesium, and iron ions using both ICRP and NASA radiation quality factor models. The results demonstrate improvements in dose estimations, particularly for organs with thin structures, such as the skin. For example, at energies below 10 MeV/u, the absorbed dose to the skin calculated using the MRCP phantom was up to 30 % lower than that obtained from the Voxel-type Reference Computational Phantoms (VRCPs), due to the MRCP's ability to distinguish between sensitive and insensitive skin layers. Similarly, the quality factors for heavy ions (e.g., iron and magnesium) calculated using the MRCP were 10–20 % lower at intermediate energies (10–100 MeV/u) compared to VRCP-based values, reflecting more accurate LET-dependent biological effectiveness calculations. Additionally, the body-mean quality factor for protons at low energies (<100 MeV/u) showed a 15 % reduction when using MRCPs, correcting previous estimations from VRCP-based methods. The improved accuracy in dose and quality factor calculations enables better-informed decisions regarding mission planning, shielding requirements, and radiation protection strategies.

随着深空任务的日益雄心勃勃，对宇航员辐射剂量的准确估计已成为一个关键问题。传统的辐射剂量估计方法由于不能准确地模拟薄层器官，往往会高估辐射的生物学影响。本研究采用先进的网格型参考计算幻影（MRCPs）以及Geant4模拟工具包，使用ICRP和NASA辐射质量因子模型计算各种辐射的剂量转换系数和质量因子，包括质子、α粒子、碳、镁和铁离子。结果表明，剂量估计有所改善，特别是对于具有薄结构的器官，如皮肤。例如，在能量低于10 MeV/u时，由于MRCP能够区分敏感和不敏感的皮肤层，使用MRCP模体计算的皮肤吸收剂量比从体素型参考计算模体（VRCPs）获得的剂量低30%。同样，与基于vrcp的值相比，使用MRCP计算的重离子（如铁和镁）的质量因子在中等能量（10-100 MeV/u）下降低了10 - 20%，反映了更准确的let依赖生物有效性计算。此外，当使用mrcp时，低能（100 MeV/u）质子的体平均质量因子降低了15%，修正了先前基于vrcp方法的估计。剂量和质量因子计算精度的提高使任务规划、屏蔽要求和辐射防护策略方面的决策更加明智。

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IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Dose-specific lncRNA–mRNA networks modulate DNA damage and immune responses in CD4⁺ T cells under simulated space UVC irradiation 剂量特异性lncRNA-mRNA网络在模拟空间UVC照射下调节CD4 + T细胞的DNA损伤和免疫反应

IF 2.8 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.09.010

Xiaolin Ding , Yue Pang , Boxiang Zhang , Lei Zhao , Xiaoyan Niu , Dan Xu

Ultraviolet-C (UVC) irradiation is a prevalent component of the extraterrestrial radiation spectrum. To explore how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) orchestrate cellular responses under simulated space UVC radiation, we exposed human CD4⁺ T cells to varying doses of UVC (100–800 J/m²). High-dose (400 and 800 J /m²) exposure significantly reduced cell viability and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, whereas low-dose (100 and 200 J/m²) exposure triggered only modest ROS increases without compromising cell survival. At 24 h post-irradiation, microarray profiling revealed that the low-dose group was found to have a total of 155 mRNAs and 62 lncRNAs with altered expression, which were enriched in DNA damage response and p53 signaling pathways. In contrast, the high-dose group exhibited 913 mRNAs and 913 lncRNAs linked to immune and metabolic pathways. Co-expression analyses identified distinct lncRNA–mRNA networks in response to different UVC doses. Specifically, three lncRNAs were found to be positively or negatively correlated with eight DNA-repair transcripts in the low-dose group, while four lncRNAs showed positive correlations with six immune-related mRNAs in the high-dose group. These expression changes were confirmed by RT-qPCR. Notably, survival analyses in melanoma datasets implicated CDKN1A, MDM2 and lncRNA CMAHP as potential prognostic targets. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that space-level UVC doses are interpreted by dose-specific lncRNA–mRNA networks that direct either DNA damage response or immune-defense programs in CD4⁺ T cells.

紫外线- c （UVC）辐射是地外辐射光谱的一个普遍组成部分。为了探索非编码rna （lncRNAs）在模拟空间UVC辐射下协调细胞反应的时间，我们将人类CD4 + T细胞暴露于不同剂量的UVC （100-800 J/m²）中。高剂量（400和800 J/m²）暴露会显著降低细胞活力和提高活性氧（ROS）水平，而低剂量（100和200 J/m²）暴露只会引起适度的ROS增加，而不会影响细胞存活。照射24 h后，微阵列分析显示，低剂量组共发现155个mrna和62个lncrna表达改变，这些mrna和lncrna在DNA损伤反应和p53信号通路中富集。相比之下，高剂量组表现出913个与免疫和代谢途径相关的mrna和913个lncrna。共表达分析发现不同的lncRNA-mRNA网络响应不同的UVC剂量。具体而言，在低剂量组中发现3种lncrna与8种dna修复转录物呈正相关或负相关，而在高剂量组中发现4种lncrna与6种免疫相关mrna呈正相关。RT-qPCR证实了这些表达变化。值得注意的是，黑色素瘤数据集的生存分析表明CDKN1A、MDM2和lncRNA CMAHP是潜在的预后靶点。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，空间级UVC剂量可以通过剂量特异性的lncRNA-mRNA网络来解释，该网络可以指导CD4 + T细胞中的DNA损伤反应或免疫防御程序。

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