Life Sciences in Space Research最新文献_第4页

Impact of gravitational forces on Red Blood Cell dynamics in biofluid suspension 生物流体悬浮液中重力对红细胞动力学的影响

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.012

Anirudh Murali , Ram Rup Sarkar

The growing interest in space exploration and human spaceflight has highlighted the critical challenges posed by microgravity on human physiology. Among these, a significant issue is space anemia, which adversely affects Red Blood Cells (RBC) and alters its behavior. RBC depends on biofluids, for their systemic transport, a process that experiences disruption in the microgravity environment. This study aims to quantitatively address the puzzle of how red blood cells are influenced by gravity when they are suspended in bio-fluid. Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) approach was used to model blood and the cell by applying gravity as an external force along the vertical axis and varied from 0g to 2g during parameter sweeps. Key metrics, including Elongation and Deformation indices, pitch angle, and normalized center of mass, were utilized to assess cellular behavior. Results revealed that gravity induces shape changes and spatial alignment in red blood cells. The Elongation Index and the normalized center of mass declined linearly with the applied gravity. Correlation analysis showed a strong correlation between applied gravity and the aforementioned variables. Additionally, forces acting on the cell, such as drag, shear stress, and solid forces, diminished as gravitational force increased. Further analysis indicates that increasing gravity affected the cell’s velocity, resulting in prolonged proximity to vessel walls and intensified viscous interactions with surrounding fluid particles, thereby triggering morphological changes. This study provides crucial insights into the biophysical effects of gravity on the red blood cell and presents a significant step toward understanding cellular dynamics under altered gravitational conditions.

人们对空间探索和载人航天的兴趣日益浓厚，这凸显了微重力对人体生理构成的严峻挑战。其中，一个重要的问题是空间贫血，它对红细胞（RBC）产生不利影响并改变其行为。红细胞依靠生物体液进行全身运输，这一过程在微重力环境下会受到破坏。这项研究旨在定量地解决红细胞悬浮在生物液体中是如何受到重力影响的难题。耗散粒子动力学（DPD）方法通过施加重力作为沿垂直轴的外力来模拟血液和细胞，在参数扫描期间从0g到2g不等。关键指标，包括伸长率和变形指数，俯仰角和标准化质心，被用来评估细胞的行为。结果表明，重力诱导红细胞的形状变化和空间排列。伸长率和归一化质心随重力的增加呈线性下降。相关分析表明，施加重力与上述变量之间存在较强的相关性。此外，作用在电池上的力，如阻力、剪切应力和固体力，随着重力的增加而减小。进一步分析表明，重力的增加影响了细胞的速度，导致细胞与血管壁的距离延长，与周围流体颗粒的粘性相互作用加剧，从而引发形态变化。这项研究为了解重力对红细胞的生物物理影响提供了重要的见解，并为理解改变重力条件下的细胞动力学迈出了重要的一步。

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引用次数: 0

Decreased myocardial glucose uptake precedes cardiac dysfunction in hindlimb unloading mice revealed by dynamic 18F-FDG PET imaging 动态18F-FDG PET显像显示后肢卸荷小鼠心肌糖摄取减少先于心功能障碍

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.010

Min Yang , Yifan Qiu , Lei Bi , Jianzhong Xian , Zhijun Li , Jijin Yao , Hongjun Jin

This study aimed to quantify the changes in myocardial glucose uptake in simulated microgravity hindlimb unloading (HU) mice via dynamic ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging and explore whether Shenqi Fuzheng injection (SFI) could improve myocardial abnormalities. FDG PET quantification suggested that the LV myocardial glucose uptake of HU mice decreased rapidly during the first week of HU, which rebounded temporarily in the second week but declined again during the third and fourth weeks. LV structure (LVAWd, LVAWs, LVPWd, and LV mass) and function (CO, FS and EF) decreased at the fourth week but not at the first week. The SFI improved myocardial glucose uptake during the first week of HU. A positive correlation between global_Ki and LV EF was found. The serum TG and NEFA levels of HU mice were reduced, whereas glucose, insulin and H&E staining revealed no obvious changes. SFI partially ameliorated glycogen accumulation and myocardial fibrosis. RNA sequencing suggested that the SFI might partially improve cardiac function through the TGF-β and apelin signaling pathways. Our results indicated that decreased myocardial glucose uptake might precede and trigger the onset of heart dysfunction induced by HU and that the SFI ameliorated myocardial glucose uptake at the early stage of HU.

本研究旨在通过动态18F-FDG PET/CT成像量化模拟微重力后肢卸荷（HU）小鼠心肌葡萄糖摄取的变化，探讨参芪扶正注射液（SFI）是否能改善心肌异常。FDG PET定量显示，HU小鼠左室心肌葡萄糖摄取在HU第一周迅速下降，在第二周暂时回升，但在第三和第四周再次下降。左室结构（LVAWd、LVAWs、LVPWd和左室质量）和功能（CO、FS和EF）在第四周下降，而在第一周没有下降。在HU的第一周，SFI改善了心肌葡萄糖摄取。global_Ki与左室EF呈正相关。HU小鼠血清TG和NEFA水平降低，而葡萄糖、胰岛素和H&；E染色未见明显变化。SFI部分改善了糖原积累和心肌纤维化。RNA测序提示SFI可能通过TGF-β和apelin信号通路部分改善心功能。我们的研究结果表明，心肌葡萄糖摄取的减少可能先于并触发HU引起的心功能障碍的发生，SFI改善了HU早期心肌葡萄糖摄取。

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引用次数: 0

Plasma exchange as a neuroprotective strategy for post-spaceflight neuroinflammation in astronauts 血浆交换作为宇航员航天后神经炎症的神经保护策略

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.004

Yamac Akgun

Extended space missions, such as upcoming crewed explorations to Mars, pose significant physiological challenges, including neuroinflammation due to microgravity, cosmic radiation, and prolonged confinement. This article explores therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) as a potential countermeasure to mitigate post-spaceflight neuroinflammation by reducing circulating neurotoxic factors, stabilizing the blood-brain barrier, and replenishing protective plasma proteins. By examining parallels between spaceflight-induced neurological effects and terrestrial neurodegenerative conditions, we propose that TPE could serve as a viable intervention for astronaut health. The implementation of space-compatible apheresis technologies could play a crucial role in sustaining cognitive function and long-term brain health for deep-space travelers.

延长的太空任务，如即将到来的火星载人探索，会带来重大的生理挑战，包括微重力、宇宙辐射和长时间禁闭造成的神经炎症。本文探讨了治疗性血浆交换（TPE）作为一种通过减少循环神经毒性因子、稳定血脑屏障和补充保护性血浆蛋白来减轻航天后神经炎症的潜在对策。通过研究太空飞行引起的神经系统影响与陆地神经退行性疾病之间的相似之处，我们提出TPE可以作为一种可行的宇航员健康干预措施。实施与空间兼容的分离技术可以在维持深空旅行者的认知功能和长期大脑健康方面发挥至关重要的作用。

引用次数: 0

Transcriptional changes at different developmental stages of rice (Oryza sativa L.) following lunar orbit flight 月球轨道飞行后水稻不同发育阶段的转录变化

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.007

Xiaohui Du, Yan Zhang, Qing Yang, Meng Zhang, Yeqing Sun

Plants are regarded as a core component of the life support system for crewed space missions, particularly in deep-space endeavors such as lunar and Martian missions. Therefore, understanding the responses of plants to deep-space flight is considered essential. Japonica rice dry seeds (Oryza sativa L.) were carried aboard the Chang'e 5 spacecraft on a flight to the lunar orbit for 23 days. Following their return to Earth, these seeds were planted and cultivated until the tillering and heading stages. Through comparative transcriptomic analysis with the ground control, it was found that rice plants exhibited a significantly higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the tillering stage after lunar orbital flight compared to the heading stage, with distinct transcriptional regulatory patterns observed between the two developmental stages. During the tillering stage, dysregulated biological pathways included starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and cellular wall organization and biogenesis. These pathways also interacted with each other in a complex pattern. During the heading stage, pathways were enriched in glutathione metabolism and photosynthesis. Additionally, certain biological pathways related to defense, development, and secondary metabolism were represented in both developmental stages. In summary, our research reveals stage-specific differences in transcriptional response patterns in rice following lunar orbital flight.

植物被认为是载人航天任务中生命维持系统的核心组成部分，特别是在月球和火星等深空任务中。因此，了解植物对深空飞行的反应被认为是必不可少的。“嫦娥五号”飞船在绕月轨道飞行了23天，搭载了粳稻干种子。在它们返回地球后，这些种子被种植和栽培，直到分蘖和抽穗阶段。通过与地面对照比较转录组学分析，发现水稻在月球轨道飞行后分蘖期的差异表达基因（deg）数量明显高于抽穗期，且两个发育阶段的转录调控模式不同。在分蘖期，失调的生物途径包括淀粉和蔗糖代谢、糖酵解/糖异生、氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢、植物激素信号转导以及细胞壁组织和生物发生。这些通路也以一种复杂的模式相互作用。抽穗期，谷胱甘肽代谢和光合作用途径富集。此外，与防御、发育和次生代谢相关的某些生物学途径在两个发育阶段都有体现。总之，我们的研究揭示了水稻在月球轨道飞行后转录反应模式的阶段性差异。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring microgravity-induced changes to the coagulation system using thrombelastograph - a topical review 利用血栓描记仪探索微重力诱导的凝血系统变化——局部综述

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.008

Ivy Mayor , Karsten Lindgaard , Bijan Harandi , Jakob Stensballe , Jesper Mølgaard

An internal jugular venous thrombus in an astronaut was first identified in 2020 following a two-month microgravity exposure. This raised concerns about thromboembolic events (TE) during spaceflights. Studies have suggested that microgravity can induce changes in blood composition, venous flow and endothelial dysfunction, which might all contribute to a hypercoagulable state. However, whether these proposed mechanisms translate into a clinically significant increase in TE risk remains unclear since, even though humans have spent >200 person-years in space, no studies of blood coagulation in microgravity have been carried out. Additionally, the specific risks and implications of microgravity-induced coagulation changes in diverse populations, including future spacefarers with varying health conditions and ages, remain unclear. The precise risks and effects of microgravity-induced coagulation, especially as they relate to diverse groups such as future space travellers with different health conditions and age ranges, remain ambiguous and require further exploration. Thrombelastography (TEG), often used in trauma, surgery and anesthesiology, offers a comprehensive assessment of whole blood coagulation dynamics, providing a more holistic view compared to traditional coagulation assays. In particular, TEG has the ability to predict the hypercoagulable state associated with TE. A previous study of coagulation disorders in a 60-day bedrest setting has provided valuable insights into blood coagulation dynamics, although TEG did not differ in this specific study. However, the transferability of these findings to true microgravity environments remains to be elucidated. Understanding the effects of microgravity on the coagulation process is crucial for ensuring the health and safety of astronauts during space missions. By leveraging thrombelastography to study the end-result of the coagulation cascade, we can obtain valuable insights into the impact of microgravity on the coagulation system and comprehensively evaluate the risk of TE. Furthermore, this knowledge could inform preventive strategies and enhance the safety of future long-duration missions and diverse populations participating in future low-cost spaceflight ventures.

2020年，一名宇航员在经历了两个月的微重力暴露后，首次发现了颈内静脉血栓。这引起了人们对航天飞行中血栓栓塞事件（TE）的关注。研究表明，微重力可引起血液成分、静脉流动和内皮功能障碍的改变，这些都可能导致高凝状态。然而，这些提出的机制是否转化为临床显著的TE风险增加仍不清楚，因为尽管人类在太空中度过了200人年，但尚未进行过微重力下血液凝固的研究。此外，微重力诱导的凝血变化对不同人群的具体风险和影响，包括具有不同健康状况和年龄的未来太空旅行者，仍不清楚。微重力诱导凝血的确切风险和影响，特别是因为它们涉及不同群体，如健康状况和年龄范围不同的未来太空旅行者，仍然模糊不清，需要进一步探索。血栓造影（TEG）通常用于创伤、外科和麻醉学，它提供了全血凝血动力学的全面评估，与传统的凝血分析相比，提供了更全面的观点。特别是TEG能够预测与TE相关的高凝状态。先前的一项针对60天卧床的凝血障碍的研究为凝血动力学提供了有价值的见解，尽管TEG在该特定研究中没有差异。然而，这些发现在真正的微重力环境中的可转移性仍有待阐明。了解微重力对凝固过程的影响对于确保太空任务期间宇航员的健康和安全至关重要。通过血栓造影研究凝血级联的最终结果，我们可以获得微重力对凝血系统影响的有价值的见解，并全面评估TE的风险。此外，这种知识可以为预防战略提供信息，并提高未来长期飞行任务和参与未来低成本航天事业的各种人口的安全性。

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引用次数: 0

Towards supervisory Model Predictive Control for circular life support systems in long-term space missions 长期空间任务循环生命维持系统的监督模型预测控制研究

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.001

Gionata Cimini , Marco Gatti , Daniele Bernardini , Alberto Bemporad , Chloé Audas , Claude-Gilles Dussap

Regenerative Life Support Systems (LSS) fulfill the essential functions for human survival in space, such as atmosphere revitalization, water recovery, food production, and waste management, and are crucial for long-term space missions where the resupply of resources from Earth is not feasible or reliable. Operating a regenerative LSS poses several challenges, mainly related to its complexity, efficiency, and reliability. A set of heterogeneous subsystems involving mechanical, chemical, biological, and energetic processes has to be optimally coordinated in order to meet the requirements on mass, power, crew time, safety, reliability, sustainability and efficiency. In this paper, we address these challenges by proposing a supervisory control layer based on a nonlinear and time-varying Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach. The mathematical framework for deriving the prediction model addresses generic regenerative LSS. The MELiSSA (Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative) project developed by the European Space Agency is used here as the test case. For the first time, a complete dynamical model including all the MELiSSA compartments connected on all the phases (solid, liquid, gas) is derived, simulated, and controlled by a supervisory MPC. The design of such a controller follows a large set of requirements pre-defined by the MELiSSA project. Results on a mission lasting 14 weeks, which also includes a system failure scenario, are reported and evaluated for a specific MELiSSA network architecture.

再生生命支持系统（LSS）实现了人类在太空生存的基本功能，如大气恢复、水回收、粮食生产和废物管理，对于地球资源补给不可行或不可靠的长期太空任务至关重要。操作再生式LSS面临着一些挑战，主要涉及其复杂性、效率和可靠性。为了满足质量、功率、乘员时间、安全性、可靠性、可持续性和效率方面的要求，一组涉及机械、化学、生物和能量过程的异构子系统必须得到最佳协调。在本文中，我们通过提出基于非线性时变模型预测控制（MPC）方法的监督控制层来解决这些挑战。推导预测模型的数学框架针对一般再生LSS。由欧洲空间局开发的MELiSSA（微生态生命支持系统替代方案）项目在这里被用作测试案例。首次建立了一个完整的动力学模型，包括连接在所有相（固体、液体、气体）上的所有MELiSSA隔室，并由监督MPC进行了模拟和控制。这种控制器的设计遵循MELiSSA项目预先定义的大量需求。为期14周的任务结果，其中还包括系统故障场景，将报告并评估特定的MELiSSA网络架构。

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引用次数: 0

Approaching ocular risks during spaceflight with 3D printing: Technical strategies to protect astronaut vision 利用3D打印技术处理航天飞行中的眼部风险：保护宇航员视力的技术策略

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.005

Saif Pasha , Joshua Ong , Yannie Guo , Ryung Lee , Ethan Waisberg , Andrew G. Lee , Prithul Sarker , Alireza Tavakkoli

Long-duration spaceflight poses significant risks to ocular health due to prolonged microgravity exposure and space environmental stressors, contributing to conditions such as Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) and Spaceflight-Associated Dry Eye Syndrome (SADES). These conditions, along with radiation exposure and risk of ocular trauma in resource-limited environments, necessitate development of innovative countermeasures to safeguard astronauts' vision, particularly for future planetary missions such as Mars. Traditional ophthalmic care depends on specialized equipment and materials impractical for cargo limitations and transport in space, highlighting the need for adaptive solutions.

Advances in 3D printing and bioprinting offer an innovative approach to space ophthalmology by enabling on-demand fabrication of customized eyewear, contact lenses, moisture chambers, radiation-shielding lenses, and surgical tools. Furthermore, emerging bioprinting capabilities may facilitate production of biocompatible tissues for ocular repair. The precision, adaptability, and mission-specific applicability of 3D printing provide a strategic advantage to address preventive and therapeutic ocular health needs. However, challenges include optimizing biocompatible materials, refining high-resolution printing techniques, and ensuring structural and functional viability of printed tissues in space conditions. Further research is required to improve material durability, integrate protective elements such as boron nitride nanotubes, and adapt 3D printing processes to the constraints of microgravity.

Beyond space medicine, 3D printing applications in space can drive innovations for ophthalmic care on Earth, from customized intraocular lenses to regenerative therapies. This review highlights the critical role of 3D printing in space ophthalmology and need for continued development and deployment to ensure success of future deep-space missions.

由于长时间的微重力暴露和空间环境压力源，长时间航天飞行对眼部健康构成重大风险，导致诸如航天飞行相关神经-眼综合征（SANS）和航天飞行相关干眼综合征（SADES）等病症。这些情况，以及资源有限环境中的辐射暴露和眼外伤风险，需要开发创新对策，以保护宇航员的视力，特别是未来的火星等行星任务。传统的眼科护理依赖于特殊的设备和材料，由于货物限制和空间运输的限制，这突出了适应性解决方案的必要性。3D打印和生物打印技术的进步为太空眼科提供了一种创新的方法，可以按需制造定制眼镜、隐形眼镜、保湿室、辐射屏蔽镜片和手术工具。此外，新兴的生物打印能力可能促进用于眼部修复的生物相容性组织的生产。3D打印的精确性、适应性和特定任务的适用性为解决预防和治疗性眼部健康需求提供了战略优势。然而，挑战包括优化生物相容性材料，改进高分辨率打印技术，以及确保打印组织在太空条件下的结构和功能可行性。需要进一步的研究来提高材料的耐久性，整合氮化硼纳米管等保护元件，并使3D打印工艺适应微重力的限制。除了太空医学，3D打印在太空的应用还可以推动地球上眼科护理的创新，从定制人工晶状体到再生疗法。这篇综述强调了3D打印在太空眼科中的关键作用，以及继续发展和部署以确保未来深空任务成功的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

An emerging paradigm for scientific decision: the AI evaluation of space science projects 科学决策的新兴范例：空间科学项目的人工智能评估

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.006

Qiwen Deng , Yanzhong Wen , Chaosen Liu , Xinyang Yue , Jianfei Sun , Yuexia Han

In the past six decades, the progress of spaceflight projects has won the admiration of the whole world. However, how to evaluate the values of research projects remains an esoteric and cost effective question. To improve the selections in space science projects, we utilized AI tools to provide an overall framework for broader audience. Our work conducted a three-phased study. We explored space life science research as it is one of the most intensively researched areas in space science. We learned the domain science data and constructed a space science knowledge graph. Subsequently, to better extract semantic features, we introduced SpaceBERT, a pre-trained language model fine-tuned with contrastive learning. We then developed SpaceGL, a deep learning framework tailored for predicting frontier research. Lastly, we prioritized candidate space experimental projects based on AI model and compared with the real results from the science panel judges and the “Lottery model.”

在过去的60年里，航天工程的进展赢得了全世界的钦佩。然而，如何评估研究项目的价值仍然是一个深奥和成本效益的问题。为了改进空间科学项目的选择，我们利用人工智能工具为更广泛的受众提供了一个整体框架。我们的研究分为三个阶段。空间生命科学是空间科学中研究最深入的领域之一，我们开展了空间生命科学研究。学习领域科学数据，构建空间科学知识图谱。随后，为了更好地提取语义特征，我们引入了SpaceBERT，这是一个经过对比学习微调的预训练语言模型。然后，我们开发了SpaceGL，这是一个专门用于预测前沿研究的深度学习框架。最后，我们根据人工智能模型对候选空间实验项目进行了排序，并与科学评委会评委的实际结果和“抽奖模型”进行了比较。

引用次数: 0

Space radiation and risk for ocular surface malignancies: Exposure risk, current mitigation strategies, and management considerations for a mission to Mars 空间辐射和眼表恶性肿瘤的风险：暴露风险、当前缓解战略和火星任务的管理考虑

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.06.002

Raghuram V. Reddy , Joshua Ong , Ryung Lee , Ritu Sampige , Ethan Waisberg , C.Robert Gibson , John Berdahl , Thomas H. Mader

Ocular surface tumors, originating from either the conjunctiva or the cornea, primarily fall into three categories of malignant or premalignant neoplasms: ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), ocular surface melanocytic tumors, and conjunctival lymphoid tumors. These neoplasms can originate from either the conjunctiva or the cornea. Exposure to space radiation, particularly galactic cosmic rays, and solar particle events, poses a significant threat to astronaut health, including the development of ocular malignancies. As such, the objective of this study was to describe the exposure risk for ocular surface malignancies, current mitigation strategies, and management considerations for a mission to Mars. The current mitigation strategies for space radiation include physical and structural shielding along with dietary interventions. Additionally, management of ocular health during a Mars mission can include holoportation, AI-powered diagnostics, newest in-space surgical technology, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and more. Conclusively, further research and collaboration amongst space and healthcare professionals is necessary to ensure the safety and well-being of astronauts during future space exploration endeavors.

眼表肿瘤起源于结膜或角膜，主要分为三类恶性或癌前肿瘤：眼表鳞状瘤变（OSSN）、眼表黑色素细胞瘤和结膜淋巴样瘤。这些肿瘤可起源于结膜或角膜。暴露于空间辐射，特别是银河宇宙射线和太阳粒子事件，对宇航员的健康构成重大威胁，包括形成眼部恶性肿瘤。因此，本研究的目的是描述眼表恶性肿瘤的暴露风险、目前的缓解战略以及火星任务的管理考虑。目前的空间辐射减缓战略包括物理和结构屏蔽以及饮食干预。此外，火星任务期间的眼部健康管理可以包括全息传送、人工智能诊断、最新的太空手术技术、光学相干断层扫描（OCT）等。最后，有必要在空间和保健专业人员之间进行进一步的研究和合作，以确保宇航员在未来的空间探索努力期间的安全和福祉。

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引用次数: 0

Directional astronaut radiation dose for hemispherical galactic cosmic ray irradiation 半球形星系宇宙射线辐照的定向宇航员辐射剂量

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Life Sciences in Space Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2025.05.008

Ran Huo , Songying Xu , Xuemei Chen

While galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are inherently isotropic, in several important cases they are constrained to certain solid angle region. This directional irradiation leads to non-trivial deviations in radiation exposure from simple solid angle proportionality, since human organs/tissue sensitive to radiation also exhibit distinct spatial orientations within body. In this paper we investigate GCR incidence patterns through two characteristic geometries: the upper and anterior (front) hemispherical incidence relative to the ICRP110 human voxel phantom, and make comparison with the isotropic incidence. The fluence-to-dose-equivalent conversion coefficients are calculated by the particle physics Monte Carlo toolkit GEANT4, for all the

Z = 1 - 28

ions and

27 - 36

energy points for each ions. Our analysis encompasses both the unshielded configuration and a shielded configuration with a uniform 5 g/cm

^{2}

aluminum shell, approximating spacecraft habitat shielding. We found that upper hemispherical incidence demonstrates

≲ 10 %

dose coefficient variation compared to the isotropic baselines, while anterior incidence exhibits pronounced

\sim 80 %

higher dose coefficients within the 10 MeV/n to 1000 MeV/n energy range for the unshielded configuration. Dose equivalent rates with hemispherically filtered GCR fluxes show corresponding differences. Interestingly the deviation from solid angle proportionality can be utilized, that strategic astronaut orientation (Earth-facing with eastern alignment) may reduce cumulative radiation exposure by

\sim 15 %

.

虽然银河宇宙射线本身是各向同性的，但在一些重要的情况下，它们被限制在一定的立体角区域。由于对辐射敏感的人体器官/组织在体内也表现出明显的空间取向，因此这种定向照射会导致辐射暴露与简单的立体角比例性产生重大偏差。本文通过两种特征几何图形：相对于ICRP110人体体素幻体的上半球和前（前）半球入射来研究GCR的入射模式，并与各向同性入射进行比较。通过粒子物理蒙特卡罗工具包GEANT4计算了所有Z=1−28个离子和每个离子27−36个能量点的影响-剂量当量转换系数。我们的分析包括非屏蔽配置和屏蔽配置，其均匀的5 g/cm2铝外壳，近似于航天器栖息地屏蔽。我们发现，与各向同性基线相比，上半球入射的剂量系数变化约为10%，而在非屏蔽配置的10 MeV/n至1000 MeV/n能量范围内，前半球入射的剂量系数明显高出约80%。半球形过滤GCR通量的剂量当量率显示出相应的差异。有趣的是，可以利用与立体角比例的偏差，即宇航员的战略方向（面向地球与东方对齐）可以减少累积辐射暴露约15%。

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引用次数: 0