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Supramolecular Flame-Retardant Synergist in Combination with Aluminum Diethylphosphinate: A New Strategy for Improving the Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Composites 超分子阻燃增效剂与磷酸二乙酯铝复合:提高天然橡胶复合材料阻燃性能和力学性能的新策略
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500308
Shiyuan Yu, Wenzong Xu, Junsheng Guo, Jiayan Zhang, Zhengqiang Wang

Natural rubber (NR) has high elasticity, high tensile strength, and excellent processing performance, but its high flammability limits its application. Adding aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) to natural rubber can improve its flame retardancy, but its mechanical properties will be greatly reduced. Therefore, it is still a challenge to improve the flame retardancy of NR while maintaining its mechanical properties. In this study, a new flame retardant synergist mDT@Ni was synthesized, which was compounded with ADP and added with NR to study the effect of the composite system on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of NR. The results showed that compared with pure NR, the oxygen index of NR composites with 0.75 phr mDT@Ni and 19.25 phr ADP increased from 19.2% to 25.5%, the total heat release (THR) decreased by 21.1%, and the maximum heat release rate (pHRR) decreased by 25.7%. At the same time, its mechanical properties have also been improved; the tensile strength and elongation at break increased by 14.5% and 18.2%, respectively. In addition, the flame retardant mechanism was studied in detail by residual carbon characterization and TG-FTIR test.

天然橡胶(NR)具有高弹性、高抗拉强度和优良的加工性能,但其高可燃性限制了其应用。在天然橡胶中加入二乙基膦酸铝(ADP)可以提高其阻燃性,但会大大降低其力学性能。因此,如何在保持天然橡胶力学性能的同时提高其阻燃性仍然是一个挑战。在这项研究中,一个新的阻燃增效剂mDT@Ni合成,这是与NR复合添加了ADP和研究的影响复合体系对NR的阻燃性和力学性能。结果表明,与纯NR相比,NR复合材料的氧指数0.75 phr mDT@Ni和19.25 phr ADP从19.2%上升到25.5%,总热释放(刺)下降了21.1%,和最大热释放率(pHRR)下降了25.7%。同时,其力学性能也得到了提高;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了14.5%和18.2%。此外,通过残碳表征和TG-FTIR测试对阻燃机理进行了详细研究。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of PMMA on the Energy Storage Properties of PVDF-Based Polymer Dielectrics Doped with 2D Nanosheets PMMA对二维纳米片掺杂pvdf基聚合物电介质储能性能的影响
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500326
Hongwei Lu, Fumin He, Ting Tian, Shijia Yang, Weitao Su

Ternary composite dielectric films of PMMA/g-C3N4/PVDF were prepared using a simple solution casting method. The small difference in dielectric constant between the graphite phase (g-C3N4) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) reduces local electric field distortion. The g-C3N4 is a ditopic nanomaterial with low conductivity and a wide bandgap. This property can significantly enhance the breakdown strength of composites. The amorphous polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is interspersed within the PVDF molecular chain. This disrupts its orderly arrangement, reducing its crystallinity and decreasing its grain size. The crystallinity of the 60% PMMA/3% g-C3N4/PVDF composite film decreased to 23.36%, and the grain size was reduced to 5.6 nm. Meanwhile, the addition of PMMA hindered the movement of mobile charges, reducing the leakage current of the composite material to 5.28 × 10⁷ A/cm2 and effectively lowering the probability of breakdown. Research indicates that the breakdown strength of the PMMA/3% g-C3N4/PVDF composite material achieves 563.81 MV/m when the PMMA content reaches 50 %, representing an approximately twofold improvement over PVDF. Its energy storage density also reaches 6.58 J/cm3 at this point.

采用简单溶液铸造法制备了PMMA/g-C3N4/PVDF三元复合介电膜。石墨相(g-C3N4)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)之间介电常数的微小差异减小了局部电场畸变。g-C3N4是一种具有低电导率和宽带隙的双取向纳米材料。这种性能可以显著提高复合材料的抗击穿强度。无定形聚合物聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)散布在PVDF分子链中。这会破坏其有序排列,降低其结晶度并减小其晶粒尺寸。60% PMMA/3% g-C3N4/PVDF复合膜的结晶度降至23.36%,晶粒尺寸降至5.6 nm。同时,PMMA的加入阻碍了移动电荷的移动,将复合材料的泄漏电流降低到5.28 × 10−⁷A/cm2,有效降低了击穿的概率。研究表明,当PMMA含量达到50%时,PMMA/3% g-C3N4/PVDF复合材料的击穿强度达到563.81 MV/m,比PVDF提高了约2倍。此时其储能密度也达到6.58 J/cm3。
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引用次数: 0
Tailoring the Properties of Polydiacetylene Nanosystems for Enhanced Cell Tracking Through Poly(glycerol Adipate) Blending: an In Vitro and In Vivo Investigation 调整聚二乙炔纳米系统的性能,通过聚己二酸甘油混合增强细胞跟踪:体外和体内研究
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500259
Benedetta Brugnoli, Eleni Axioti, Philippa L. Jacob, Nana A. Berfi, Lei Lei, Benoit Couturaud, Veeren M. Chauhan, Robert J. Cavanagh, Luciano Galantini, Iolanda Francolini, Vincenzo Taresco

This study presents novel mixed nanosystems composed of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) and biodegradable, enzymatically synthesized polymers—PGA, PGAHEX, or PGABDM — designed to alter and exploit PCDA's chromatic properties. These nanoparticles offer a cost-effective, non-leachable tracking system suitable for both in vitro and in vivo biological assays. Notably, they enable real-time monitoring without the need for additional fluorescent dyes, a common requirement in conventional systems. Fabricated via a simple nanoprecipitation method, the nanoparticles exhibit a narrow size distribution, zeta potential, and spherical morphology. Their enhanced stability in response to temperature and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is attributed to hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and ππ stacking within the polymeric matrix. Preliminary cytotoxicity assessments using MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and the invertebrate model Caenorhabditis elegans—aligned with the 3R principle of replacing higher animals—demonstrated good biocompatibility. Importantly, both cellular and nematode uptake of PCDA and PCDA/PGA nanoparticles was successfully achieved, confirming their utility for both in vitro and in vivo tracking without the need for additional dyes.

本研究提出了一种新的混合纳米系统,由10,12-五甲酸(PCDA)和可生物降解的酶合成聚合物- pga, PGAHEX或PGABDM组成,旨在改变和利用PCDA的色性。这些纳米颗粒提供了一种具有成本效益的,不可浸出的跟踪系统,适用于体外和体内生物测定。值得注意的是,它们可以实现实时监测,而不需要额外的荧光染料,这是传统系统中常见的要求。通过简单的纳米沉淀法制备,纳米颗粒具有狭窄的尺寸分布,zeta电位和球形形貌。它们对温度和磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)的响应稳定性增强归因于聚合物基质内的氢键、疏水相互作用和π -π堆叠。使用MCF-7人类乳腺癌细胞和无脊椎动物模型秀丽隐杆线虫进行的初步细胞毒性评估-符合取代高等动物的3R原则-显示出良好的生物相容性。重要的是,细胞和线虫都成功地摄取了PCDA和PCDA/PGA纳米颗粒,证实了它们在体外和体内跟踪的实用性,而不需要额外的染料。
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引用次数: 0
Spermine-Based Nanocarriers for siRNA Delivery in Fibroblast-Driven Diseases: A Proof-of-Concept Study 基于精胺的siRNA纳米载体在成纤维细胞驱动的疾病中的传递:概念验证研究
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500295
Leon Reger, Alessia Giglio, Johannes Hommel, Enrica Chiesa, Elisa Sgarbi, Gessica Marchini, Daniela Pizzirani, Simone Pinto Carneiro, Ida Genta, Friederike Adams, Olivia M. Merkel

The development of nanocarriers for nucleic acid delivery has gained significant attention as a promising strategy to regulate protein expression. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a powerful tool for gene silencing; however, it is rapidly degraded in the human body and cannot passively cross cell membranes due to its size and strong negative charge. To protect siRNA and facilitate intracellular delivery, a spermine-based polyacrylamide with a hydrophobic side chain was utilized as a carrier system. This polymer demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency, forming nanoparticles below 150 nm in size with a slightly positive zeta potential and low polydispersity at N/P ratios of 5 and 7. Additionally, the formulation process proved to be highly reproducible and scalable using a microfluidic mixing method. Moreover, siRNA-polyplexes exhibited good biocompatibility and maintained high cell viability post-transfection. In vitro, they demonstrated strong knockdown efficiency in murine fibroblasts (L929), murine lung epithelial cells (MLE12), human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549), and human cervix adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa-GFP). Furthermore, the polyplexes promoted rapid cellular uptake and efficient endosomal escape, ensuring effective intracellular delivery. Given the therapeutic potential of siRNA, particularly for diseases lacking effective treatments, this approach holds significant promise for targeting solid tumors and fibrotic disorders.

作为一种有前途的调节蛋白质表达的策略,核酸递送纳米载体的发展已经引起了人们的极大关注。小干扰RNA (siRNA)是基因沉默的有力工具;但由于其体积大、负电荷强,在人体内降解迅速,不能被动穿过细胞膜。为了保护siRNA并促进细胞内递送,采用了一种带有疏水侧链的基于精子胺的聚丙烯酰胺作为载体系统。该聚合物具有较高的包封效率,在N/P比为5和7时,形成尺寸小于150 nm的纳米颗粒,具有略正的zeta电位和较低的多分散性。此外,该配方过程使用微流体混合方法被证明具有高度可重复性和可扩展性。此外,sirna复合物在转染后表现出良好的生物相容性并保持较高的细胞活力。在体外,它们在小鼠成纤维细胞(L929)、小鼠肺上皮细胞(MLE12)、人肺腺癌细胞(A549)和人宫颈腺癌细胞(HeLa-GFP)中表现出很强的敲除效率。此外,多聚体促进细胞快速摄取和有效的内体逃逸,确保有效的细胞内递送。考虑到siRNA的治疗潜力,特别是对于缺乏有效治疗的疾病,这种方法在针对实体肿瘤和纤维化疾病方面具有重要的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Immobilization of Catalase on Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS)-Based Matrix and Its Catalytical Activity in 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) Oxidation 多面体低聚硅氧烷(POSS)基质上过氧化氢酶的固定化及其对3,3 ',5,5 ' -四甲基联苯胺(TMB)氧化的催化活性
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500296
Sneha A. Wahurwagh, Shivani Bhagat, Ankit Verma, Umesh R. Pratap

Catalase is an enzyme that is useful for the degradation of toxic H2O2, which has been used for immobilization by using chemically modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) as a support matrix. This work presents a study on the immobilization of catalase on functionalized POSS structure to enhance its stability and performance. The synthesized Cat@Glu@OAPOSS was extensively characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) to confirm its immobilization and structural integrity. It was observed that 24.8 mg g−1 of catalase was immobilized on the POSS matrix. The developed composite, i.e., Cat@Glu@OAPOSS, was efficiently used for the evaluation of catalytic activity in the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). By altering the parameters such as pH, Cat@Glu@OAPOSS dosage, TMB, and H2O2 concentration were optimized for TMB oxidation. Enzyme kinetics were examined using the Michaelis-Menten plot and the Lineweaver-Burk plot; the findings show that the enzyme-substrate affinity and reaction rate are favorable, with the value of Km and Vmax as 1.05 mM and 0.98 mM sec−1, respectively. The innovative utilization of modified POSS as an immobilization scaffold provides improved enzyme stability and reusability.

过氧化氢酶是一种用于降解有毒H2O2的酶,已被用于化学修饰的多面体低聚硅氧烷(POSS)作为载体基质的固定化。本文研究了过氧化氢酶在功能化POSS结构上的固定化,以提高其稳定性和性能。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、粉末x射线衍射(PXRD)和场发射电子显微镜(FESEM)对合成的Cat@Glu@OAPOSS进行了广泛的表征,以证实其固定性和结构完整性。结果表明,在POSS基质上固定了24.8 mg g−1过氧化氢酶。开发的复合材料Cat@Glu@OAPOSS在过氧化氢(H2O2)存在下有效地用于评价3,3 ',5,5 ' -四甲基联苯胺(TMB)氧化的催化活性。通过改变pH、Cat@Glu@OAPOSS用量、TMB和H2O2浓度等参数,对TMB的氧化效果进行了优化。采用Michaelis-Menten图和Lineweaver-Burk图检测酶动力学;结果表明,该酶与底物的亲和力和反应速率均较好,Km和Vmax分别为1.05 mM和0.98 mM sec−1。改良POSS作为固定化支架的创新利用,提高了酶的稳定性和可重用性。
{"title":"Immobilization of Catalase on Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS)-Based Matrix and Its Catalytical Activity in 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) Oxidation","authors":"Sneha A. Wahurwagh,&nbsp;Shivani Bhagat,&nbsp;Ankit Verma,&nbsp;Umesh R. Pratap","doi":"10.1002/macp.202500296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.202500296","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Catalase is an enzyme that is useful for the degradation of toxic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, which has been used for immobilization by using chemically modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) as a support matrix. This work presents a study on the immobilization of catalase on functionalized POSS structure to enhance its stability and performance. The synthesized Cat@Glu@OAPOSS was extensively characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) to confirm its immobilization and structural integrity. It was observed that 24.8 mg g<sup>−1</sup> of catalase was immobilized on the POSS matrix. The developed composite, i.e., Cat@Glu@OAPOSS, was efficiently used for the evaluation of catalytic activity in the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). By altering the parameters such as pH, Cat@Glu@OAPOSS dosage, TMB, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration were optimized for TMB oxidation. Enzyme kinetics were examined using the Michaelis-Menten plot and the Lineweaver-Burk plot; the findings show that the enzyme-substrate affinity and reaction rate are favorable, with the value of K<sub>m</sub> and V<sub>max</sub> as 1.05 mM and 0.98 m<span>M</span> sec<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The innovative utilization of modified POSS as an immobilization scaffold provides improved enzyme stability and reusability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18054,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics","volume":"226 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Temperature-Sensitive Polyurethane Self-Healing Material Based on Magnetic Drive 一种基于磁驱动的温度敏感聚氨酯自愈材料
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500280
Wenyu Wan, Han Gu, Pengcheng Deng, Yang Luo, Xing Zhou

In this paper, a novel temperature-sensitive dual self-healing magnetic polyurethane has been developed based on the Diels–Alder (DA) reaction between acrylamide and furfural and the Schiff base reaction between furfural and polyether amino. Unlike other self-healing polymers that require external force, this polymer relies only on magnetic force to close the cross-section, allowing remote control of the polymer without touching it. The polyurethane has a stable structural composition and excellent mechanical properties, exhibiting different properties over a narrow temperature range. By grafting functional groups on the surface of NdFeB to improve the dispersion of NdFeB, the problem of non-uniform dispersion due to NdFeB deposition and aggregation during the polyurethane curing process has been partially solved. The thermal stability of the polymers was determined using a differential scanning calorimeter. The results show that magnetic actuation can make the cross-section tighter than external force. The surface modification of NdFeB effectively improves the aggregation problem of NdFeB and improves the mechanical properties of polyurethane to a certain extent, which has a wide range of applications. Several simple modular magnetic drive models are constructed, which provide examples for more complex magnetic drive models in the future.

本文基于丙烯酰胺与糠醛的Diels-Alder (DA)反应和糠醛与聚醚氨基的席夫碱反应,研制了一种新型的温度敏感双自愈磁性聚氨酯。与其他需要外力的自愈聚合物不同,这种聚合物仅依靠磁力来关闭横截面,无需接触即可远程控制聚合物。该聚氨酯具有稳定的结构组成和优异的机械性能,在较窄的温度范围内表现出不同的性能。通过在NdFeB表面接枝官能团改善NdFeB的分散性,部分解决了聚氨酯固化过程中由于NdFeB沉积和聚集导致的分散性不均匀的问题。用差示扫描量热计测定了聚合物的热稳定性。结果表明,磁驱动比外力驱动能使截面更紧。钕铁硼的表面改性有效地改善了钕铁硼的聚集问题,在一定程度上改善了聚氨酯的力学性能,具有广泛的应用前景。建立了几个简单的模块化磁驱动模型,为今后建立更复杂的磁驱动模型提供了实例。
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引用次数: 0
Interfacial Crystallization of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Induced by Carbon Nanotubes in Single Fiber Composites 碳纳米管诱导聚l -乳酸在单纤维复合材料中的界面结晶
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500297
Justin K. L. Van Staden, David R. Rodgers, Michaela R. Pfau-Cloud, Karina J. Reynolds, Juan P. Fernandez-Blazquez, Juan J. Vilatela, Gregory E. Scott, Shanju Zhang

The incorporation of nanofillers into biodegradable polymers is an effective approach to improve the physical properties and mechanical performance for various practical applications. In particular, the interfacial microstructure between the polymer and nanofillers plays a critical role in determining the macroscopic properties of the resulting polymer nanocomposite. In this work, we report carbon nanotube (CNT) induced interfacial transcrystallization of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) in the single-fiber composite. The dynamic process of PLLA transcrystallization around the single CNT fiber is investigated under isothermal crystallization in the temperature range from 124°C to 136°C using in situ polarized optical microscopy. Transcrystallization kinetics are analyzed based on polymer heterogeneous nucleation and crystallization theories. The interfacial free energy difference parameter (Δσ/σ = 0.057) and the fold surface free energy (σe = 5.82 × 10−2 J/m2) are calculated to assess the nucleation ability and crystallization barrier, respectively. Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis reveals radially aligned edge-on lamellar crystals adjacent to the CNT fiber. Alternative transformation from the edge-on lamellar orientation to a flat-on orientation results in a banded transcrystalline texture. A proposed mechanism is presented that lamellar twisting during the crystal growth is attributed to the banded transcrystals.

在生物可降解聚合物中掺入纳米填料是改善其物理性能和力学性能的有效途径,具有广泛的实际应用价值。特别是,聚合物和纳米填料之间的界面微观结构对聚合物纳米复合材料的宏观性能起着至关重要的作用。在这项工作中,我们报道了碳纳米管(CNT)在单纤维复合材料中诱导聚l -乳酸(PLLA)的界面转结晶。采用原位偏振光显微镜研究了在124 ~ 136℃的等温结晶条件下,单根碳纳米管纤维周围PLLA转晶的动态过程。基于聚合物非均相成核和结晶理论,分析了聚合物的转结晶动力学。通过计算界面自由能差参数(Δσ/σ = 0.057)和折叠面自由能(σe = 5.82 × 10−2 J/m2)分别评价了复合材料的成核能力和结晶势垒。原子力显微镜(AFM)分析显示径向排列的边缘片层晶体毗邻碳纳米管纤维。从边缘上的片层取向到平面上取向的交替转变导致带状跨晶织构。提出了晶体生长过程中片层扭转是由带状跨晶引起的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information: Macromol. Chem. Phys. 19/2025 发布信息:Macromol。化学。理论物理的19/2025
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/macp.70139
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引用次数: 0
Silicone Shell-Encapsulated Cholesteric Liquid Crystals and Their Colorimetric Characterization in HSV Color Space 硅壳封装胆甾液晶及其HSV色空间比色特性研究
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500311
Jueun Lee, Zhitong Lin, Hyun-Joong Chung

Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLCs) display varying color upon the reflection of incident white light, whereby the half-rotation spacing of their helical structures modulate in response to temperature changes. Blending multiple ChLCs allows fine-tuning of the operation temperature. To achieve ChLC-based colorimetric sensor at physiological temperature ranges in aqueous gel environment, current study provides solutions in preventing dissolution of ChLC molecules into the aqueous phase and analyzing molecular ordering of ChLC based on colorimetric information. Here, we developed a two-step fabrication procedure to encapsulate liquid crystals in a silicone shell. A droplet of the ChLC melt was coated with Sylgard 184 base containing platinum (Pt) catalyst. Then, the coated droplets were immersed in a mixture of the base and curing agent. Robustly encapsulated ChLC samples were produced, followed by embedding in a polyacrylamide hydrogel matrix. The ChLC-embedded hydrogel provided a colorimetric temperature sensor operating in physiological conditions. A hue-saturation-value (HSV) analysis of photo image taken by a cell phone camera provides valuable information not only on the ambient temperature, but also on the ordering of ChLC at various length scales. The ordering is correlated with varying temperature and confinement. Our novel fabrication and colorimetric analysis methods provide a second look at often overlooked aspects in ChLC and sensor research.

胆甾相液晶(ChLCs)在入射白光的反射下显示出不同的颜色,其螺旋结构的半旋转间距随温度变化而调节。混合多个chlc允许微调操作温度。为了在水凝胶环境下实现基于ChLC的生理温度范围的比色传感器,目前的研究提供了防止ChLC分子溶解到水相中的解决方案,以及基于比色信息分析ChLC的分子顺序。在这里,我们开发了一种两步制造程序,将液晶封装在硅胶外壳中。将含铂(Pt)催化剂的Sylgard 184碱包覆在ChLC熔体液滴上。然后,将涂覆的液滴浸入基材和固化剂的混合物中。制备了牢固封装的ChLC样品,然后将其包埋在聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶基质中。chlc包埋水凝胶提供了在生理条件下工作的比色温度传感器。对手机相机拍摄的照片进行色调-饱和度-值(HSV)分析,不仅可以提供有关环境温度的宝贵信息,还可以提供不同长度尺度下ChLC的排序信息。排序与温度和约束的变化有关。我们新颖的制造和比色分析方法为ChLC和传感器研究中经常被忽视的方面提供了第二个视角。
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引用次数: 0
Interpenetrating Hybrid Particles of Polyurethane and Polymethacrylates Synthesized by a “One-Pot” Tandem Step-Growth and Radical Polymerizations 用“一锅”串联步长和自由基聚合合成聚氨酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯互穿杂化颗粒
IF 2.7 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202500362
Guochen Wang, Yucheng Zi, Changtong Song, Jiabo Wang, Dan Zhao, Dong Chen, Yuhong Ma, Wantai Yang

This study presents a one-pot emulsion polymerization that combines step-growth process of methylene-bis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (HMDI) and polyether polyol (EP-330N) to form polyurethane (PU) and chain growth radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and crosslinker ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) to produce crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The as-prepared interpenetrating PU-PMMA hybrid latexes have features of tailored cross-linking densities (gel content as high as 49.8%, controlled by the molar ratio of ─NCO/─OH, namely R-value), yielding colloidally stable particles (90–110 nm) with a spherical morphology. FTIR and Soxhlet extraction are employed to characterize the successful synthesis of hybrid particles. As-proof of application, the PU-PMMA particles have been used as a toughening modifier of poly(vinyl chloride) resin (PVC). The impact strength of PVC blends increases from 2.6 to 4.6 kJ/m2 with 0–10 phr PU-PMMA addition. These results demonstrate that the one-pot emulsion polymerization integrating radical and step-growth mechanisms could be considered as a straightforward, green emulsification method to synthesize interpenetrating hybrid particles with tunable properties.

本研究采用一锅乳液聚合的方法,将亚甲基-双(4-环己基异氰酸酯)(HMDI)和聚醚多元醇(EP-330N)的阶梯生长工艺合成聚氨酯(PU),将甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和交联剂二甲基丙烯酸乙酯(EDMA)的链式生长自由基聚合工艺合成交联聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)。所制备的互穿PU-PMMA杂化乳胶具有定制交联密度的特点(凝胶含量高达49.8%,由NCO/ OH的摩尔比(r值)控制),生成的胶体稳定颗粒(90-110 nm)具有球形形貌。利用FTIR和索氏萃取对成功合成的杂化粒子进行了表征。作为应用证明,PU-PMMA颗粒已被用作聚氯乙烯树脂(PVC)的增韧改性剂。当PU-PMMA添加量为0-10 phr时,PVC共混物的冲击强度由2.6 kJ/m2提高到4.6 kJ/m2。这些结果表明,结合自由基和阶梯生长机制的一锅乳液聚合可以被认为是一种简单、绿色的乳化方法,可以合成具有可调性能的互穿杂化颗粒。
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引用次数: 0
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Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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