Pub Date : 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02126-z
Ai Fu,Zhi-Hong Zhang,Jiahao Xiong,Xuan Zhang,Zhiyuan Ye,Jun Xiong,Zhi-Peng Wei,Shuang Zhang,Shuang-Peng Wang,Hong-Chao Liu
The rapid evolution of eavesdropping technologies has encouraged regular updates and improvement of encryption systems. Developing a detector-dependent optical encryption scheme to tightly connect the decryption and imaging processes offers great potential to prevent eavesdropping. By designing an optically programmable dual-band photodetector, a color image encryption scheme where the photodetector functions as both a detector and a critical decryption key is demonstrated here. The distinctive optically programmable property of the photodetector enables the manipulation of its long-wavelength sensitivity via short-wavelength photonic stimulation, leading to different imaging outputs between single-pixel imaging and point-scan imaging, which therefore demonstrates a capability to decrypt information hidden in color images. This detector-dependent decryption method can effectively prevent potential information leaks when other detectors are used as eavesdropping devices. Our encryption paradigm opens new avenues for color image encryption using photodetectors, enhancing encryption security by introducing a device-based dimension.
{"title":"Optically programmable dual-band perovskite single-pixel detector for color image encryption.","authors":"Ai Fu,Zhi-Hong Zhang,Jiahao Xiong,Xuan Zhang,Zhiyuan Ye,Jun Xiong,Zhi-Peng Wei,Shuang Zhang,Shuang-Peng Wang,Hong-Chao Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02126-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02126-z","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid evolution of eavesdropping technologies has encouraged regular updates and improvement of encryption systems. Developing a detector-dependent optical encryption scheme to tightly connect the decryption and imaging processes offers great potential to prevent eavesdropping. By designing an optically programmable dual-band photodetector, a color image encryption scheme where the photodetector functions as both a detector and a critical decryption key is demonstrated here. The distinctive optically programmable property of the photodetector enables the manipulation of its long-wavelength sensitivity via short-wavelength photonic stimulation, leading to different imaging outputs between single-pixel imaging and point-scan imaging, which therefore demonstrates a capability to decrypt information hidden in color images. This detector-dependent decryption method can effectively prevent potential information leaks when other detectors are used as eavesdropping devices. Our encryption paradigm opens new avenues for color image encryption using photodetectors, enhancing encryption security by introducing a device-based dimension.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147329339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02224-6
Bing Wei,Junjie Du
A multidimensional camouflage approach is proposed to effectively counter the combined hyperspectral, thermal infrared, and polarization detection. Its innovative integration of surface roughening and silver nanomesh offers enhanced optical and thermal management, with potential applications in military stealth, environmental monitoring, and advanced defense technologies.
{"title":"Nanostructural engineering presents an opportunity for next-generation multi-dimensional camouflage.","authors":"Bing Wei,Junjie Du","doi":"10.1038/s41377-026-02224-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-026-02224-6","url":null,"abstract":"A multidimensional camouflage approach is proposed to effectively counter the combined hyperspectral, thermal infrared, and polarization detection. Its innovative integration of surface roughening and silver nanomesh offers enhanced optical and thermal management, with potential applications in military stealth, environmental monitoring, and advanced defense technologies.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147329337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-28DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8
Maimaitizi Hujiabudula, Hans Ågren, Guanying Chen
The development of pure-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) still lags behind that of green and red-emitting PeLEDs. Mixed halide (Br/Cl) perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) are commonly employed for blue emission but suffer from halide vacancies and ion migration. Here, we present a passivation strategy using the multifunctional fluorinated phosphonic acid molecule (1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodec-1-yl)phosphonic acid (HFPA), which possesses active functional groups that improve the stability and electroluminescence performance of CsPb(Br/Cl)3 NCs. The HFPA molecule is shown to interact with uncoordinated Pb2+ on the PeNC surface through the phosphonate groups, concurrently establishing hydrogen bonds with adjacent halide ions. Moreover, the presence of fluorine atoms promotes ionic bond formation with the halide octahedra, thereby stabilizing the octahedral structure. The fabricated PeNC-LEDs exhibited a spectrally stable pure-blue emission peak at 467 nm, achieving a significantly improved external quantum efficiency (14.8%, 9-fold higher), maximum luminance (1052 cd·m-2, 10-fold higher), and half-life (342 s, 13-fold higher) compared to the device fabricated with unmodified CsPb(Br/Cl)3 NCs. Furthermore, the effective passivation of surface vacancies and stabilization of halogen ions by the HFPA molecules successfully suppressed ion migration in the PeNC-LEDs, thereby significantly enhancing the stability of the device.
{"title":"Multifunctional ligand engineering enables high-performance CsPb(Br/Cl)3 nanocrystals toward efficient and stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs","authors":"Maimaitizi Hujiabudula, Hans Ågren, Guanying Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-026-02214-8","url":null,"abstract":"The development of pure-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) still lags behind that of green and red-emitting PeLEDs. Mixed halide (Br/Cl) perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) are commonly employed for blue emission but suffer from halide vacancies and ion migration. Here, we present a passivation strategy using the multifunctional fluorinated phosphonic acid molecule (1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodec-1-yl)phosphonic acid (HFPA), which possesses active functional groups that improve the stability and electroluminescence performance of CsPb(Br/Cl)3 NCs. The HFPA molecule is shown to interact with uncoordinated Pb2+ on the PeNC surface through the phosphonate groups, concurrently establishing hydrogen bonds with adjacent halide ions. Moreover, the presence of fluorine atoms promotes ionic bond formation with the halide octahedra, thereby stabilizing the octahedral structure. The fabricated PeNC-LEDs exhibited a spectrally stable pure-blue emission peak at 467 nm, achieving a significantly improved external quantum efficiency (14.8%, 9-fold higher), maximum luminance (1052 cd·m-2, 10-fold higher), and half-life (342 s, 13-fold higher) compared to the device fabricated with unmodified CsPb(Br/Cl)3 NCs. Furthermore, the effective passivation of surface vacancies and stabilization of halogen ions by the HFPA molecules successfully suppressed ion migration in the PeNC-LEDs, thereby significantly enhancing the stability of the device.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The monolithic photonic-electronic integration is crucial for high-bandwidth optical communication and computing, while existing structures struggle to reconcile compact footprints with performance preservation. Here, graphene-integrated silicon nitride microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators, fabricated via wafer-level nanomembrane self-rolling process, are demonstrated for polarization optical modulation and photodetection in photonic-electronic synergy. The engineered lobe-shaped architecture in the microtube facilitates axial mode quantization, greatly enhancing the optical mode confinement and improving the quality factor. A balanced trade-off between photodetection efficiency and optical resonance is achieved by adjusting the coupling between graphene and microtube resonance, and graphene-integrated microtube resonators with lobe structure demonstrate an efficient optical resonance ((Q) = 2008.36) and high photoresponsivity (2.80 A W−1). Furthermore, fourfold rotational symmetry breaking in microtubes presents a workable structural paradigm for the polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection, overall characteristics presents a promising platform for optical manipulation and multidimensional detection of integrated photonic and optoelectronic systems.
单片光电子集成对于高带宽光通信和计算至关重要，而现有结构难以协调紧凑的足迹和性能保护。在这里，石墨烯集成的氮化硅微管低语廊模式谐振器，通过晶片级纳米膜自滚工艺制造，证明了在光电子协同作用下的偏振光调制和光探测。微管中设计的叶状结构有利于轴向模量化，大大增强了光模约束，提高了质量因子。通过调节石墨烯与微管共振之间的耦合，实现了光探测效率与光共振之间的平衡，具有叶状结构的石墨烯集成微管谐振器具有高效的光共振（(Q) = 2008.36）和高光响应性（2.80 A W−1）。此外，微管中的四重旋转对称破缺为偏振敏感光调制和光探测提供了一种可行的结构范式，其总体特性为集成光子光电系统的光学操作和多维探测提供了一个有前途的平台。
{"title":"Graphene-integrated microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators for polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection","authors":"Tianjun Cai, Ziyu Zhang, Binmin Wu, Jiayang You, Zhi Zheng, Yunqi Wang, Changlu Bian, Yang Wang, Yuan Tian, Yuhang Chi, Qingyu Xiao, Mingze Ma, Li Chen, Junhan Liu, Xiang-zhong Chen, Enming Song, Jizhai Cui, Gaoshan Huang, Yongfeng Mei","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02097-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02097-1","url":null,"abstract":"The monolithic photonic-electronic integration is crucial for high-bandwidth optical communication and computing, while existing structures struggle to reconcile compact footprints with performance preservation. Here, graphene-integrated silicon nitride microtube whispering-gallery mode resonators, fabricated via wafer-level nanomembrane self-rolling process, are demonstrated for polarization optical modulation and photodetection in photonic-electronic synergy. The engineered lobe-shaped architecture in the microtube facilitates axial mode quantization, greatly enhancing the optical mode confinement and improving the quality factor. A balanced trade-off between photodetection efficiency and optical resonance is achieved by adjusting the coupling between graphene and microtube resonance, and graphene-integrated microtube resonators with lobe structure demonstrate an efficient optical resonance ((Q) = 2008.36) and high photoresponsivity (2.80 A W−1). Furthermore, fourfold rotational symmetry breaking in microtubes presents a workable structural paradigm for the polarization-sensitive optical modulation and photodetection, overall characteristics presents a promising platform for optical manipulation and multidimensional detection of integrated photonic and optoelectronic systems.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-28DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02227-3
Yuanpeng Wu, Yixin Xiao, Maddaka Reddeppa, Yakshita Malhotra, Yifu Guo, Jianyang Xiao, Jiangnan Liu, Danhao Wang, Kai Sun, Zetian Mi
InGaN-based micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) are emerging to revolutionize the display and lighting technologies, particularly for their excellent robustness, high brightness, high efficiency and small pixel size. Despite the success of blue LEDs, long-wavelength emission, particularly the red emission, has been a challenge for InGaN-based micro-LEDs. Overcoming the low quantum efficiency, color instability, and broad emission in the red wavelength regime are among the most urgent and critical problems that inhibit the commercial implementation of micro-LED technology. In this work, we utilize a nanowire photonic crystal (PhC) structure to reform the radiation behavior of red-emitting InGaN micro-LEDs. Through detailed optimization on the PhC design and device fabrication, we demonstrate red-emitting micro-LEDs with a peak wavelength at 617 nm and a full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of 5 nm, which is about one order of magnitude narrower than previous reported values and is paramount for achieving high color purity. The chromaticity property is highly stable with varying injection currents due to the coupling of emission to photonic band edge mode. A high external quantum efficiency of over 10% was measured from micro-LEDs with a size of 1 µm2. This work provides a vital strategy for high-performance red-emitting micro-LEDs and a potential pathway for full-color micro-LED technology by using all III-nitride semiconductors.
{"title":"High efficiency, high color purity red micro-light-emitting diodes","authors":"Yuanpeng Wu, Yixin Xiao, Maddaka Reddeppa, Yakshita Malhotra, Yifu Guo, Jianyang Xiao, Jiangnan Liu, Danhao Wang, Kai Sun, Zetian Mi","doi":"10.1038/s41377-026-02227-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-026-02227-3","url":null,"abstract":"InGaN-based micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) are emerging to revolutionize the display and lighting technologies, particularly for their excellent robustness, high brightness, high efficiency and small pixel size. Despite the success of blue LEDs, long-wavelength emission, particularly the red emission, has been a challenge for InGaN-based micro-LEDs. Overcoming the low quantum efficiency, color instability, and broad emission in the red wavelength regime are among the most urgent and critical problems that inhibit the commercial implementation of micro-LED technology. In this work, we utilize a nanowire photonic crystal (PhC) structure to reform the radiation behavior of red-emitting InGaN micro-LEDs. Through detailed optimization on the PhC design and device fabrication, we demonstrate red-emitting micro-LEDs with a peak wavelength at 617 nm and a full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of 5 nm, which is about one order of magnitude narrower than previous reported values and is paramount for achieving high color purity. The chromaticity property is highly stable with varying injection currents due to the coupling of emission to photonic band edge mode. A high external quantum efficiency of over 10% was measured from micro-LEDs with a size of 1 µm2. This work provides a vital strategy for high-performance red-emitting micro-LEDs and a potential pathway for full-color micro-LED technology by using all III-nitride semiconductors.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"178 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-28DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02198-5
Jules Mercadier, Stefan Bittner, Marc Sciamanna
Synchronization is the spontaneous alignment of the dynamics of weakly-coupled oscillators. In addition to temporal dynamics like periodic and chaotic oscillations, also the spatio-temporal dynamics of spatially-extended systems like wildlife populations can synchronize. We exploit here the intrinsic spatio-temporal complex dynamics of broad area lasers to demonstrate such synchronization at lab-scale. Broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (BA-VCSELs) exhibit chaos from the nonlinear coupling between laser modes with different spatial profiles and polarization. When coupling two BA-VCSELs, several synchronization and anti-synchronization regimes are observed, highlighting the complex interplay between oscillating modes with different frequencies and spatial patterns. The correlation coefficient varies between 0.2 and 0.9 depending on the dynamics and on the time scale under analysis. Besides its fundamental interest, our experiment with commercial devices marks the first step towards real-world spatial multiplexing in multiple user physical-layer secure communication based on chaos synchronization.
{"title":"Synchronization of complex spatio-temporal dynamics with lasers","authors":"Jules Mercadier, Stefan Bittner, Marc Sciamanna","doi":"10.1038/s41377-026-02198-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-026-02198-5","url":null,"abstract":"Synchronization is the spontaneous alignment of the dynamics of weakly-coupled oscillators. In addition to temporal dynamics like periodic and chaotic oscillations, also the spatio-temporal dynamics of spatially-extended systems like wildlife populations can synchronize. We exploit here the intrinsic spatio-temporal complex dynamics of broad area lasers to demonstrate such synchronization at lab-scale. Broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (BA-VCSELs) exhibit chaos from the nonlinear coupling between laser modes with different spatial profiles and polarization. When coupling two BA-VCSELs, several synchronization and anti-synchronization regimes are observed, highlighting the complex interplay between oscillating modes with different frequencies and spatial patterns. The correlation coefficient varies between 0.2 and 0.9 depending on the dynamics and on the time scale under analysis. Besides its fundamental interest, our experiment with commercial devices marks the first step towards real-world spatial multiplexing in multiple user physical-layer secure communication based on chaos synchronization.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-28DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02222-8
Gang Wang, Ozan Yakar, Xinru Ji, Marco Clementi, Ji Zhou, Christian Lafforgue, Jiaye Wu, Jianqi Hu, Tobias J. Kippenberg, Camille-Sophie Brès
Integrated green light sources are essential for telecommunications and quantum applications, while the performance of current on-chip green light generation is still limited in power and tunability. In this work, we demonstrate green light generation in silicon nitride microresonators using photo-induced second-order nonlinearities, achieving up to 3.5 mW green power via second-harmonic generation and densely tunable over a 29 nm range. In addition, we report milliwatt-level all-optical poling (AOP) threshold, allowing for amplifier-free continuous-wave AOP. Furthermore, we demonstrate non-cascaded sum-frequency generation, leveraging the combination of AOP and simultaneous coherent frequency combs generation at 1 μm. Such comb-assisted AOP enables switching of the green light generation over an 11 nm range while maintaining the pump within a single resonance. The combination of such highly efficient photo-induced nonlinearity and multi-wavelength AOP enables the realization of low-threshold, high-power, widely-tunable on-chip green sources.
{"title":"Integrated tunable green light source on silicon nitride","authors":"Gang Wang, Ozan Yakar, Xinru Ji, Marco Clementi, Ji Zhou, Christian Lafforgue, Jiaye Wu, Jianqi Hu, Tobias J. Kippenberg, Camille-Sophie Brès","doi":"10.1038/s41377-026-02222-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-026-02222-8","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated green light sources are essential for telecommunications and quantum applications, while the performance of current on-chip green light generation is still limited in power and tunability. In this work, we demonstrate green light generation in silicon nitride microresonators using photo-induced second-order nonlinearities, achieving up to 3.5 mW green power via second-harmonic generation and densely tunable over a 29 nm range. In addition, we report milliwatt-level all-optical poling (AOP) threshold, allowing for amplifier-free continuous-wave AOP. Furthermore, we demonstrate non-cascaded sum-frequency generation, leveraging the combination of AOP and simultaneous coherent frequency combs generation at 1 μm. Such comb-assisted AOP enables switching of the green light generation over an 11 nm range while maintaining the pump within a single resonance. The combination of such highly efficient photo-induced nonlinearity and multi-wavelength AOP enables the realization of low-threshold, high-power, widely-tunable on-chip green sources.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-28DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02228-2
Joo Hwan Ko, Hyo Eun Jeong, Serim Kim, Doeun Kim, Se Yeon Kim, Young Jin Yoo, Hyeon-Ho Jeong, Young Min Song
Achieving vibrant, energy-efficient colour modulation across micrometre-scale pixels is a critical challenge in modern display technology. Conventional approaches face limitations in scalability, high operating voltages, and light loss. Emerging monopixel designs with active materials promise a path to dynamic colour modulation without these drawbacks. However, achieving uniform, energy-efficient colour modulation across the full visible spectrum has remained difficult. Here, we introduce a full-colour, electrically reconfigurable Gires-Tournois (r-GT) resonator integrated with the conductive polymer (polyaniline, PANI), representing a significant advance in monopixel display technology. This system enables modulation of complex refractive indices within a sub-1-volt range, producing vibrant colour shifts that exceed complementary hue ranges. The r-GT resonator operates at CMOS-compatible voltages with ultralow-power consumption (90 μW cm−2), offering scalability from ultrahigh pixel densities (~16,900 PPI) to wafer-scale fabrication. Furthermore, PANI’s metastable states enable memory-in-pixel operation, significantly reducing energy consumption compared to emissive displays. The successful demonstration of a 5 × 5 monopixel array system validates its potential for scalable, energy-efficient, and high-performance photonic applications.
{"title":"Sub-1-volt, reconfigurable Gires-Tournois resonators for full-coloured monopixel array","authors":"Joo Hwan Ko, Hyo Eun Jeong, Serim Kim, Doeun Kim, Se Yeon Kim, Young Jin Yoo, Hyeon-Ho Jeong, Young Min Song","doi":"10.1038/s41377-026-02228-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-026-02228-2","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving vibrant, energy-efficient colour modulation across micrometre-scale pixels is a critical challenge in modern display technology. Conventional approaches face limitations in scalability, high operating voltages, and light loss. Emerging monopixel designs with active materials promise a path to dynamic colour modulation without these drawbacks. However, achieving uniform, energy-efficient colour modulation across the full visible spectrum has remained difficult. Here, we introduce a full-colour, electrically reconfigurable Gires-Tournois (r-GT) resonator integrated with the conductive polymer (polyaniline, PANI), representing a significant advance in monopixel display technology. This system enables modulation of complex refractive indices within a sub-1-volt range, producing vibrant colour shifts that exceed complementary hue ranges. The r-GT resonator operates at CMOS-compatible voltages with ultralow-power consumption (90 μW cm−2), offering scalability from ultrahigh pixel densities (~16,900 PPI) to wafer-scale fabrication. Furthermore, PANI’s metastable states enable memory-in-pixel operation, significantly reducing energy consumption compared to emissive displays. The successful demonstration of a 5 × 5 monopixel array system validates its potential for scalable, energy-efficient, and high-performance photonic applications.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-25DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02205-9
Jipeng Wang, Joscha Hanel, Zenghui Jiang, Raphael Joos, Michael Jetter, Eddy Patrick Rugeramigabo, Simone Luca Portalupi, Peter Michler, Xiao-Yu Cao, Hua-Lei Yin, Lei Shan, Jingzhong Yang, Michael Zopf, Fei Ding
Quantum key distribution (QKD) with deterministic single photon sources has been demonstrated over intercity fiber and free-space channels. The previous implementations relied mainly on polarization encoding schemes, which are susceptible to birefringence, polarization-mode dispersion and polarization-dependent loss in practical fiber networks. In contrast, time-bin encoding offers inherent robustness and has been widely adopted in mature QKD systems using weak coherent laser pulses. However, its feasibility in conjunction with a deterministic single-photon source has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. In this work, we construct a time-bin encoded QKD system employing a high-brightness quantum dot (QD) single-photon source operating at telecom wavelength. Our proof-of-concept experiment successfully demonstrates the possibility of secure key distribution over fiber link of 120 km, while maintaining extraordinary long-term stability over 6 h of continuous operation, that is highest secure key rate among the time-bin QKDs based on single-photon sources. This work provides the first experimental validation of integrating a QD single-photon source with time-bin encoding in a telecom-band QKD system. This development signifies a substantial advancement in the establishment of a robust and scalable QKD network based on solid-state single-photon technology.
{"title":"Time-bin encoded quantum key distribution over 120 km with a telecom quantum dot source","authors":"Jipeng Wang, Joscha Hanel, Zenghui Jiang, Raphael Joos, Michael Jetter, Eddy Patrick Rugeramigabo, Simone Luca Portalupi, Peter Michler, Xiao-Yu Cao, Hua-Lei Yin, Lei Shan, Jingzhong Yang, Michael Zopf, Fei Ding","doi":"10.1038/s41377-026-02205-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-026-02205-9","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) with deterministic single photon sources has been demonstrated over intercity fiber and free-space channels. The previous implementations relied mainly on polarization encoding schemes, which are susceptible to birefringence, polarization-mode dispersion and polarization-dependent loss in practical fiber networks. In contrast, time-bin encoding offers inherent robustness and has been widely adopted in mature QKD systems using weak coherent laser pulses. However, its feasibility in conjunction with a deterministic single-photon source has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. In this work, we construct a time-bin encoded QKD system employing a high-brightness quantum dot (QD) single-photon source operating at telecom wavelength. Our proof-of-concept experiment successfully demonstrates the possibility of secure key distribution over fiber link of 120 km, while maintaining extraordinary long-term stability over 6 h of continuous operation, that is highest secure key rate among the time-bin QKDs based on single-photon sources. This work provides the first experimental validation of integrating a QD single-photon source with time-bin encoding in a telecom-band QKD system. This development signifies a substantial advancement in the establishment of a robust and scalable QKD network based on solid-state single-photon technology.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147278575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-24DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02118-z
KyeoReh Lee, Herve Hugonnet, Jae-Hong Lim, YongKeun Park
Three-dimensional quantitative phase imaging has been extensively studied in X-ray microtomography to improve the sensitivity and specificity of measurements, especially for low atomic number materials. However, obtaining quantitative phase images typically requires additional measurements or assumptions, which significantly limit the practical applicability. Here, we present preconditioned Wirtinger flow (PWF) to realize an assumption-free, single-shot, quantitative X-ray microtomography. Accurate phase retrieval is demonstrated using a specialized gradient-based algorithm with an accurate physical model. Partial coherence of the source is taken into account, extending the potential applications to bench-top sources. Improved accuracy and spatial resolution over conventional speckle tracking methods are experimentally demonstrated. The various samples are explored to demonstrate the robustness and versatility of PWF.
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