Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100410
Marcella Hermida de Paula, J. Gonçalez, R. Ananías, G. Janin
This study had the objective to heat treated angelim vermelho (red) wood and then to analyze its effects on the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the wood. The wood was treated at 180 ºC and 215 °C for 20 min and 40 min in a muffle furnace. The basic density, shrinkage, anisotropy, the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, as well as the holocellulose, lignin, extractives and ash content values were obtained for the treated and untreated (control) wood. The results indicated that the basic density was not changed and there was a decrease in volumetric shrinkage in the most severe treatment. The modulus of rupture did not change and the chemical analysis indicated a decrease in the holocellulose and extractives content resulting in lignin content percentage increase, mainly in the most severe test.
{"title":"Effect of heat treatment on physical, mechanical and chemical properties of angelim wood","authors":"Marcella Hermida de Paula, J. Gonçalez, R. Ananías, G. Janin","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100410","url":null,"abstract":"This study had the objective to heat treated angelim vermelho (red) wood and then to analyze its effects on the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the wood. The wood was treated at 180 ºC and 215 °C for 20 min and 40 min in a muffle furnace. The basic density, shrinkage, anisotropy, the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, as well as the holocellulose, lignin, extractives and ash content values were obtained for the treated and untreated (control) wood. The results indicated that the basic density was not changed and there was a decrease in volumetric shrinkage in the most severe treatment. The modulus of rupture did not change and the chemical analysis indicated a decrease in the holocellulose and extractives content resulting in lignin content percentage increase, mainly in the most severe test.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73822987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100409
Timothy Palpali, John Riwasino
Planted forest plays vital role in tree biomass which stored as carbon through carbon sequestration process and help reduce global warming and climate change effect. Estimation of biomass volume is the important process to determine the carbon contents stored in planted forest trees. Study was conducted to estimate the biomass and carbon content of Pinus caribaea trees using allometry models at Bulolo forest plantation in Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea. Study involves center plot of the cluster design in order to collect field data as sample size The field data was collected by measuring stem of Pinus caribaea tree species using two variables, diameter at breast height (DBH) and height. Finding reveals that first and highest rank biomass stem content and carbon stocking was 472,4 biomass/ha, followed by 407,076 biomass/ha and the least was 320,97 biomass/ha. Study reveals that biomass stem content and carbon stocking with 407,076 biomass/ha was the more suitable and applicable model for calculation of Pinus caribaea in Bulolo forest plantation. Study recommends the log formula derived from the biomass stem content and carbon stocking of 407,076 biomass/ ha, as the reliable model to be used for estimation of biomass content and carbon stock of Pinus caribaea tree species Bulolo forest plantation and else way in Papua New Guinea.
{"title":"Estimation of above ground biomass and carbon of Pinus caribaea in Bulolo forest plantation, Papua New Guinea","authors":"Timothy Palpali, John Riwasino","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100409","url":null,"abstract":"Planted forest plays vital role in tree biomass which stored as carbon through carbon sequestration process and help reduce global warming and climate change effect. Estimation of biomass volume is the important process to determine the carbon contents stored in planted forest trees. Study was conducted to estimate the biomass and carbon content of Pinus caribaea trees using allometry models at Bulolo forest plantation in Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea. Study involves center plot of the cluster design in order to collect field data as sample size The field data was collected by measuring stem of Pinus caribaea tree species using two variables, diameter at breast height (DBH) and height. Finding reveals that first and highest rank biomass stem content and carbon stocking was 472,4 biomass/ha, followed by 407,076 biomass/ha and the least was 320,97 biomass/ha. Study reveals that biomass stem content and carbon stocking with 407,076 biomass/ha was the more suitable and applicable model for calculation of Pinus caribaea in Bulolo forest plantation. Study recommends the log formula derived from the biomass stem content and carbon stocking of 407,076 biomass/ ha, as the reliable model to be used for estimation of biomass content and carbon stock of Pinus caribaea tree species Bulolo forest plantation and else way in Papua New Guinea.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90432138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100402
E. Gavilán, R. Alzamora, L. Apiolaza, K. Sáez, J. Elissetche, A. Pinto
We run logit models to explain the variability of Pinus radiata structural lumber in 71 second and third unpruned logs. The response variable was the proportion of lumber with a static modulus of elasticity greater or equal than 8000 MPa, p MSG8+, and the explanatory variables were log volume, branch index, largest branch, log internode index, wood basic density, and acoustic velocity. The average p MSG8+ volume was 44,30 % and 36,18 % in the second and third log respectively. Ten models were selected based on meeting statistical assumptions, their goodness of fit, and the statistical significance of their parameters. The best models (R 2 - adj. > 0,75) included acoustic velocity (AV) as explanatory variable, which explained 56,25 % of the variability of p MSG8+. Models without AV presented goodness of fit ranging from 0,60 to 0,75 (R 2 - adj.), and variables with the highest weight to explain the variability of p MSG8+ were volume, followed by wood basic density, branch index, and largest branch. It is possible to model p MSG8+ from log variables even when acoustic velocity is not available; however, this requires wood basic density models calibrated for the Pinus radiata growing zone.
{"title":"Modelling the influence of radiata pine log variables on structural lumber production","authors":"E. Gavilán, R. Alzamora, L. Apiolaza, K. Sáez, J. Elissetche, A. Pinto","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100402","url":null,"abstract":"We run logit models to explain the variability of Pinus radiata structural lumber in 71 second and third unpruned logs. The response variable was the proportion of lumber with a static modulus of elasticity greater or equal than 8000 MPa, p MSG8+, and the explanatory variables were log volume, branch index, largest branch, log internode index, wood basic density, and acoustic velocity. The average p MSG8+ volume was 44,30 % and 36,18 % in the second and third log respectively. Ten models were selected based on meeting statistical assumptions, their goodness of fit, and the statistical significance of their parameters. The best models (R 2 - adj. > 0,75) included acoustic velocity (AV) as explanatory variable, which explained 56,25 % of the variability of p MSG8+. Models without AV presented goodness of fit ranging from 0,60 to 0,75 (R 2 - adj.), and variables with the highest weight to explain the variability of p MSG8+ were volume, followed by wood basic density, branch index, and largest branch. It is possible to model p MSG8+ from log variables even when acoustic velocity is not available; however, this requires wood basic density models calibrated for the Pinus radiata growing zone.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75701730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100404
Huijun Dong, M. D. Ghalehno, M. Bahmani, E. G. Ardestani, L. Fathi
This article investigates the relationships between soil characteristics (physical and chemical) and wood properties of Persian oak in three different elevation sites. For this purpose, 27 trees were randomly chosen and cut in Zagros forests in western Iran. The test samples were prepared at the stem (breast height) to examine physical and biometrical properties. For each elevation site, four soil samples were obtained at a 0-20 cm soil depth under the canopy of each tree to measure soil properties, including clay, silt soil, sand soil, electrical conductivity, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter content. Then, the relationship of soil and wood properties was determined by principal component analysis. Results specified that there are a posi - tive correlation between wood density and volumetric swelling with clay and available potassium. Moreover, the results revealed a positive correlation between fiber length, cell wall thickness, and fiber diameter with electrical conductivity, sand percentage, and total nitrogen content, respectively.
{"title":"Influence of soil physicochemical properties on biometrical and physical features of persian oak wood","authors":"Huijun Dong, M. D. Ghalehno, M. Bahmani, E. G. Ardestani, L. Fathi","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100404","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the relationships between soil characteristics (physical and chemical) and wood properties of Persian oak in three different elevation sites. For this purpose, 27 trees were randomly chosen and cut in Zagros forests in western Iran. The test samples were prepared at the stem (breast height) to examine physical and biometrical properties. For each elevation site, four soil samples were obtained at a 0-20 cm soil depth under the canopy of each tree to measure soil properties, including clay, silt soil, sand soil, electrical conductivity, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter content. Then, the relationship of soil and wood properties was determined by principal component analysis. Results specified that there are a posi - tive correlation between wood density and volumetric swelling with clay and available potassium. Moreover, the results revealed a positive correlation between fiber length, cell wall thickness, and fiber diameter with electrical conductivity, sand percentage, and total nitrogen content, respectively.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77385627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100406
F. Mascarenhas, Alfredo Manuel Pereira Geraldes Dias, A. Christoforo, Rogério Manuel dos Santos Simões, André Eduardo Palos Cunha
Wood is a material that has been used by humankind for a long time. However, wood researchers and industry have always been concerned about the issues during wood drying and the permeability problems of certain species. In this sense, microwave technology has been applied for wood drying and improving permeability. This paper investigates the microwave drying of two Portuguese wood species, Pinus pinaster sap and heartwood, and Eucalyptus globulus heartwood using small clear specimens. The samples were grouped into six during each microwave treatment run according to their similarity of initial moisture content. Once the drying was completed, control and microwave-treated samples were impregnated with desalinated water to analyze their improvement in water absorption, and the compression strength parallel to the grain was analyzed. The results showed that each wood species behaves differently under microwave drying and initial moisture content. The impregnation results demonstrated that pine and Eucalyptus microwave-treated heartwood samples improved their capability to absorb water. Finally, only the microwave-treated specimens of Eucalyptus heartwood presented a decrease in the values of compression strength parallel to the grain compared to the control group. Therefore, MW treatment presents possibilities for further applications for the wood industry with supporting results.
{"title":"Effect of microwave treatment on drying and water impregnability of Pinus pinaster and Eucalyptus globulus","authors":"F. Mascarenhas, Alfredo Manuel Pereira Geraldes Dias, A. Christoforo, Rogério Manuel dos Santos Simões, André Eduardo Palos Cunha","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100406","url":null,"abstract":"Wood is a material that has been used by humankind for a long time. However, wood researchers and industry have always been concerned about the issues during wood drying and the permeability problems of certain species. In this sense, microwave technology has been applied for wood drying and improving permeability. This paper investigates the microwave drying of two Portuguese wood species, Pinus pinaster sap and heartwood, and Eucalyptus globulus heartwood using small clear specimens. The samples were grouped into six during each microwave treatment run according to their similarity of initial moisture content. Once the drying was completed, control and microwave-treated samples were impregnated with desalinated water to analyze their improvement in water absorption, and the compression strength parallel to the grain was analyzed. The results showed that each wood species behaves differently under microwave drying and initial moisture content. The impregnation results demonstrated that pine and Eucalyptus microwave-treated heartwood samples improved their capability to absorb water. Finally, only the microwave-treated specimens of Eucalyptus heartwood presented a decrease in the values of compression strength parallel to the grain compared to the control group. Therefore, MW treatment presents possibilities for further applications for the wood industry with supporting results.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"526 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77363223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100403
Maria Fernanda Felippe Silva, João Vítor Felippe Silva, H. R. Favarim, C. Campos
Oriented Strand Board is a structural wood composite with applications that require good physical and mechanical performance. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles is an alternative that has been studied in order to improve the properties of Oriented Strand Board panels. However, there is no information about its effect Oriented Strand Board. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles in two different percentages (0,25 % and 0,50 %) on the physical-mechanical properties of Oriented Strand Board panels produced with phenol-formaldehyde resin and on the heat transfer during hot-pressing. Oriented Strand Board panels were produced and tested according to European Standards. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles improved the dimensional stability of the panel, reducing its thickness swelling, and also increased the screw withdraw strength. The heat transfer during hot-pressing increased the temperature more quickly on boards with nanoparticles addition; on the other hand the final temperature of the control treatment was higher.
{"title":"Physical-mechanical properties and heat transfer analysis of OSB produced with phenol-formaldehyde and ZnO nanoparticles addition","authors":"Maria Fernanda Felippe Silva, João Vítor Felippe Silva, H. R. Favarim, C. Campos","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100403","url":null,"abstract":"Oriented Strand Board is a structural wood composite with applications that require good physical and mechanical performance. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles is an alternative that has been studied in order to improve the properties of Oriented Strand Board panels. However, there is no information about its effect Oriented Strand Board. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles in two different percentages (0,25 % and 0,50 %) on the physical-mechanical properties of Oriented Strand Board panels produced with phenol-formaldehyde resin and on the heat transfer during hot-pressing. Oriented Strand Board panels were produced and tested according to European Standards. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles improved the dimensional stability of the panel, reducing its thickness swelling, and also increased the screw withdraw strength. The heat transfer during hot-pressing increased the temperature more quickly on boards with nanoparticles addition; on the other hand the final temperature of the control treatment was higher.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79968345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100405
R. Nogueira, F. Icimoto, Carlito Calil Junior, F. A. Rocco Lahr
Engineered wood products need alternatives of raw materials to their production. The hybrid Eucalyptus urograndis has great potential to supply the demand of this industrial sector. In this context, the present paper aims to analyse the feasibility of using Eucalyptus urograndis in glued laminated timber (glulam) production. To this end, four groups with ten glulam beams each, were produced and tested. An extensive experimental program was performed in order to determine: the stiffness and bending strength of the beams; and the com - pression strength parallel to grain of the beams. The performance of structural adhesives was verified based on shear tests of glue lines. The experimental mean of stiffness was higher than 14675 MPa and the characteristic value of compression strength parallel to grain achieved a value above 40 MPa. Nevertheless, failure mode of the glulam beams showed that finger-joints reduced bending strength. The glulam beams produced with Eucalyptus urograndis proved to be a feasible alternative due to their mechanical properties. However, this material presents difficulties in finger-joints adhesion.
{"title":"Experimental study on full-scale glulam beams manufactured with Eucalyptus urograndis","authors":"R. Nogueira, F. Icimoto, Carlito Calil Junior, F. A. Rocco Lahr","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2023000100405","url":null,"abstract":"Engineered wood products need alternatives of raw materials to their production. The hybrid Eucalyptus urograndis has great potential to supply the demand of this industrial sector. In this context, the present paper aims to analyse the feasibility of using Eucalyptus urograndis in glued laminated timber (glulam) production. To this end, four groups with ten glulam beams each, were produced and tested. An extensive experimental program was performed in order to determine: the stiffness and bending strength of the beams; and the com - pression strength parallel to grain of the beams. The performance of structural adhesives was verified based on shear tests of glue lines. The experimental mean of stiffness was higher than 14675 MPa and the characteristic value of compression strength parallel to grain achieved a value above 40 MPa. Nevertheless, failure mode of the glulam beams showed that finger-joints reduced bending strength. The glulam beams produced with Eucalyptus urograndis proved to be a feasible alternative due to their mechanical properties. However, this material presents difficulties in finger-joints adhesion.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82234200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100452
Daiane de Moura Borges Maria, N. Calegário, B. C. Soares, Dáfilla Yara Oliveira de Brito, José Tarcísio Lima
The aim of this study was to determine how varying the inputted surface area value of wood samples would affect the determination of kiln-drying schedules using the drastic drying test. For this purpose, eight individuals of two Eucalyptus clones were selected. Specimens were obtained for drastic drying tests at 100 °C, to measure the basic density and to determine the initial moisture content. The initial and final temperatures and the drying potential were calculated in 100 mm × 50 mm × 10 mm samples, considering the surface area to be 130 cm² (Updated Method), in contrast to the surface area of 100 cm ² that is commonly used in the method known as the Standard Method. Based on these findings, kiln-drying schedules were set for the lumber from each clone. Although the significant differences aforementioned, it was observed that the drying schedules developed by Standard Method and Updated Method are similar.
本研究的目的是确定木材样品的输入表面积值的变化如何影响使用剧烈干燥试验的窑干时间表的确定。为此，选取了2个桉树无性系的8个个体。样品在100°C下进行剧烈干燥试验，以测量基本密度并确定初始水分含量。在100 mm × 50 mm × 10 mm样品中计算初始温度和最终温度以及干燥潜力，考虑表面积为130 cm²(更新方法)，而通常在称为标准方法的方法中使用的表面积为100 cm²。根据这些发现，对每个克隆的木材设定了窑干时间表。虽然上述差异显著，但发现标准法和更新法制定的干燥计划是相似的。
{"title":"Changing the calculated surface area of wood samples to define drying schedules for Eucalyptus clones","authors":"Daiane de Moura Borges Maria, N. Calegário, B. C. Soares, Dáfilla Yara Oliveira de Brito, José Tarcísio Lima","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100452","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine how varying the inputted surface area value of wood samples would affect the determination of kiln-drying schedules using the drastic drying test. For this purpose, eight individuals of two Eucalyptus clones were selected. Specimens were obtained for drastic drying tests at 100 °C, to measure the basic density and to determine the initial moisture content. The initial and final temperatures and the drying potential were calculated in 100 mm × 50 mm × 10 mm samples, considering the surface area to be 130 cm² (Updated Method), in contrast to the surface area of 100 cm ² that is commonly used in the method known as the Standard Method. Based on these findings, kiln-drying schedules were set for the lumber from each clone. Although the significant differences aforementioned, it was observed that the drying schedules developed by Standard Method and Updated Method are similar.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77875345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100453
Tawani Lorena Naide, Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de Cademartori, S. Nisgoski, G. I. Bolzon de Muniz
The wood is exposed to possible damages caused by weather, requiring the application of a finishing coat to provide extra protection. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the addition of microfibrillated cellulose in waterborne varnish on the colorimetric parameters, wettability and finish characteristics of wood products. Color was evaluated with a CM-5 spectrophotometer; surface wettability was analyzed by contact angle measurement using a drop shape analysis goniometer; and abrasion, adhesion and impact tests were performed to evaluate the quality of the coating. The coating’s optical characteristics were not affected by the addition of microfibrillated cellulose. The changes in wood wettability were small, with no statistical difference between the wood treated with plain varnish and that with unbleached microfibrillated cellulose. In the analysis of the variation of the contact angle during the elapsed time, the coating containing unbleached microfibrillated cellulose presented the best results. The results of finish quality did not show numerical changes after the addition of the microfibrillated cellulose, but qualitatively the microfibrillated cellulose caused better anchoring of the coating to the specimens. Therefore, the use of microfibrillated cellu - lose as reinforcement in coatings has potential, but tests with different consistencies and tests of other proper - ties are necessary.
{"title":"Preliminary evaluation of the incorporation of cellulose nanofibers as reinforcement in waterborne wood coatings","authors":"Tawani Lorena Naide, Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de Cademartori, S. Nisgoski, G. I. Bolzon de Muniz","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100453","url":null,"abstract":"The wood is exposed to possible damages caused by weather, requiring the application of a finishing coat to provide extra protection. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the addition of microfibrillated cellulose in waterborne varnish on the colorimetric parameters, wettability and finish characteristics of wood products. Color was evaluated with a CM-5 spectrophotometer; surface wettability was analyzed by contact angle measurement using a drop shape analysis goniometer; and abrasion, adhesion and impact tests were performed to evaluate the quality of the coating. The coating’s optical characteristics were not affected by the addition of microfibrillated cellulose. The changes in wood wettability were small, with no statistical difference between the wood treated with plain varnish and that with unbleached microfibrillated cellulose. In the analysis of the variation of the contact angle during the elapsed time, the coating containing unbleached microfibrillated cellulose presented the best results. The results of finish quality did not show numerical changes after the addition of the microfibrillated cellulose, but qualitatively the microfibrillated cellulose caused better anchoring of the coating to the specimens. Therefore, the use of microfibrillated cellu - lose as reinforcement in coatings has potential, but tests with different consistencies and tests of other proper - ties are necessary.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75069481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100454
Carolina A. Barros Oliveira, K. A. de Oliveira, Vinicius Borges de Moura Aquino, A. Christoforo, J. C. Molina
Aiming to provide greater visibility for the wood species Acrocarpus fraxinifolius , the present study sought to analyze the influence of heat treatment on an industrial scale applied to wood species, also popularly known as Indian cedar. The heat treatment was carried out in an autoclave, with temperature and pressure control, and with saturated steam injection, for temperatures 155 ºC, 165 ºC, 175 ºC, and 185 ºC. Physical, chemical, and mechanical tests were carried out for the analyzed wood. The content of holocellulose and total lignin decreased, while the content of extractives showed a substantial increase. The density increased after the heat treatment, however the treated wood showed cracks, and these cracks influenced the significant loss of the values of the mechanical properties of compression, tension, and flexion. The shear showed strength gain for the temperature of 155 ºC, and the wood treated at 165 ºC was equivalent to untreated wood. The woods submitted to temperatures of 175 ºC and 185 ºC presented strength losses. The heat treatment in question con-tributes to increase the visibility, use and market value of wood.
{"title":"Characterization of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius wood submitted to heat treatment","authors":"Carolina A. Barros Oliveira, K. A. de Oliveira, Vinicius Borges de Moura Aquino, A. Christoforo, J. C. Molina","doi":"10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-221x2022000100454","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming to provide greater visibility for the wood species Acrocarpus fraxinifolius , the present study sought to analyze the influence of heat treatment on an industrial scale applied to wood species, also popularly known as Indian cedar. The heat treatment was carried out in an autoclave, with temperature and pressure control, and with saturated steam injection, for temperatures 155 ºC, 165 ºC, 175 ºC, and 185 ºC. Physical, chemical, and mechanical tests were carried out for the analyzed wood. The content of holocellulose and total lignin decreased, while the content of extractives showed a substantial increase. The density increased after the heat treatment, however the treated wood showed cracks, and these cracks influenced the significant loss of the values of the mechanical properties of compression, tension, and flexion. The shear showed strength gain for the temperature of 155 ºC, and the wood treated at 165 ºC was equivalent to untreated wood. The woods submitted to temperatures of 175 ºC and 185 ºC presented strength losses. The heat treatment in question con-tributes to increase the visibility, use and market value of wood.","PeriodicalId":18092,"journal":{"name":"Maderas-ciencia Y Tecnologia","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85509231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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