Macromolecular Symposia最新文献

Biologically active benzimidazole derivatives are successfully prepared. The produced compound 2-hydrazinobenzimidazole (N1) and 5-methoxy-2-hydrazinobenzimidazole (N2) have been synthesized via reacting aqueous hydrazine with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) and 5-methoxy-2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MMBI), respectively. These two compounds are used to prepare the compounds N3–N11. The synthesized compounds are characterized by physical and spectroscopic techniques. Molecular docking of synthesized compounds indicates that compound N5, N10, and N11 have good antitumor properties. Furthermore, the theoretical studies prove that all the synthetic compounds in the study showed good lipophilicity, with a range of 0.132–3.739.

In this work, indole-3-carboxaldehyde is used as a synthon to prepare chalcone-based Schiff base. The reaction includes the treatment of indole-3-carboxaldehyde with 1-(4-amino-2-fluorophenyl)ethanone to afford ES1, which reacts with paramethylthiobenzaldehyde to give ES2 with high yield (>95%). The product is characterized by FTIR, CHN, melting point, and ¹H NMR. The compound ES2 is decorated on the silver nanoparticles to give a nanoproduct named as Ag NPs-ES. The presented nanocomposite is characterized by XRD and TEM, and the results prove that the product is highly pure and formed as quasisphere nanoparticles within the range of 20–51 nm. The nanoproduct is used for the treatment of breast cancer cell lines (in vitro) that consist of 77% of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 10% of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), and 2% of tubular carcinoma, in addition to 11% of invasive papillary, medullary carcinoma. The results demonstrate that the nanoproduct is able to give only 2% of cancer cell viability with IC₅₀ equal to 1.726 mg/ml with no toxicity on the normal human cell line (HDFn).

The growth in the demand of sustainable materials being used in engineering has created a need for research into new and alternative materials. This research article is intended to explore the potential of hemp fiber composites in different promising areas, including environmentally friendly engineering applications. An in-depth analysis of hemp fiber properties has been conducted with a focus on the mechanical thermal and their chemical characteristics which makes hemp fiber more suitable in various engineering applications. Among the mechanical and thermal properties of hemp fiber reinforced composites, careful evaluation of tensile strength, elastic modulus, impact resistance and thermal stability is most important. A detailed study of basic processing methods has been conducted highlighting the recent advances and challenges in the extraction and preparation of hemp fibers. Further in this research the hemp is analyzed in comparison to other alternative materials including natural and synthetic fibres so that the unique benefits of hemp can be highlighted for various engineering applications. The environmental sustainability of hemp fiber composites is also thoroughly studied, emphasizing their biodegradability and positive contribution to life cycle assessment.

The present study reports the synthesis of novel selenium containing 24 (1)- and 28 (2)-membered macrocyclic Schiff base ligands and their reactivity with Hg(II) metal ion to form complex 3 and 4, respectively. The synthesis of the ligands are carried out by a simple condensation of 2,6-dibenzoyl-4-methylphenol and bis(aminoethyl/propyl)selenides in [2+2] dipodal manner in dry acetonitrile solvent under inert atmosphere. Furthermore, the reaction between the 24- and 28-membered selenium containing ligands and Hg(II) metal ion are carried out in dry methanol in argon atmosphere. Following the complexation of both the ligands, 1 (C₅₀H₄₈O₂N₄Se₂) and 2 (C₅₄H₅₆O₂N₄Se₂) when reacted with HgBr₂ yields monometallic complexes 3 and 4 with molecular composition of C₅₀H₅₀O₃N₄Se₂HgBr₂ and C₅₄H₅₈O₃N₄Se₂HgBr₂, respectively, as calculated via elemental analysis and mass spectrometry. Moreover, the synthesized compounds are also characterized by various physicochemical techniques to determine the structure and reactivity, which includes UV–vis, FT-IR, multinuclear (¹H and ⁷⁷Se) NMR, and cyclic voltammetry.

The unique properties of nanocones attract increasing attention from a scientific point of view due to their wide range of electronic applications. Band gap engineering in nanocones is a powerful technique for designing new devices for lasers, light-emitting diodes, flat panel displays, and solar cells. Therefore, in this research, a detailed theoretical study of the behavior of three different types of nanocones is presented, and one of its most notable findings is the band gaps reduction as a result of introducing the hydrogen atom outside nanocone. The study has presented a complete set of band gap calculations, considering not only pure nanocones, CNCs (carbon nanocones), BNNCs (born nitride nanocons), and SiCNCs (silicon carbide nanocons) but also endohedral and exohedral mono hydrogenated nanocones using density functional theory (DFT). The results show that the band reduction can be up to 72% due to mono hydrogenation of CBNCs as the band gap changes from 4.4 eV for pure BNNCs to 1.2 eV for mono hydrogenated BNNCs. The wide range of band gaps for various hydrogenated nanocones may allow the fundamental control needed to design next-generation electronic components.

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of the crosslinking agent on the blend bioplolymerized hydroxyethyl cellulose and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with cellulose nanocrystal porous scaffolds. The hydroxyethyl cellulose/PVA/crystal nanocellulose (HEC/PVA/CNC) is crosslinked by using two different polymer solutions which are glutaraldehyde (GA) (1 wt.%) and calcium chloride (20 wt.%). The comparison on the physicochemical properties of the crosslinked scaffolds is characterized via field electron scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), TGA, degradation, and mechanical properties studies. The results show that the properties of fabricated scaffolds are improved by crosslinking process with more prominent results on GA organic compound. Overall, the HEC/PVA/CNC scaffolds are exhibited good physicochemical properties and can be considered as potential substrate for tissue engineering applications.

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This issue of Macromolecular Symposia contains selected papers presented at the 2nd Online International Conference on Environment and Energy Materials 2023 (INCEEM-2023), held as a plenary talk in online conference in Sharda University, India from December 06 to December 09, 2023. The cover shows a figure provided by the Guest Editor, Pramod Kumar Singh.

Moringa seed peels are chemically treated with sulfuric acid to produce a bioadsorbent to remove methylene blue from the aquatic environment. Various techniques are used to examine the properties of the adsorbents such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface specification, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption parameters such as adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, temperature, and pH are studied to predict the optimum conditions. The adsorption equilibrium data and adsorption rate data are evaluated using different isotherm and kinetic models. The isotherm results show that the Langmuir model give positive results for the studied equilibrium data. The adsorption kinetic data better follow the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic variables such as ∆S°, ∆H°, and ∆G° are also evaluated. The calculated parameters indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic in nature.

In the present work, a study of boron removal from water using molecularly imprinted polymer-boric acid (MIP-BA) is conducted. This study is significant as it can be an addition for removing boric species, particularly in cases when carbon in tertiary treatment is ineffective. Kinetic study, saturation study and pH effect are among the parameters chosen to characterize the sorption characteristics of MIP-BA using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) detection. In the kinetic study in batch mode, boron is removed at an efficiency removal of 80.18% after 5 mins before stabilizing over 60 min. The adsorption process is deduced to be chemisorption in adsorption kinetic modelling studies. In the saturation study, the adsorption capacity of MIP-BA is increased. The adsorption isotherm study conveyed that there is a monolayer adsorption on homogenous surface of MIP-BA as Langmuir's model posted a R² value of 0.9932 bettering 0.9832 posted by Freundlich's model. The optimal pH for boron removal is pH 8.7 (87.93%). The hydroxyl group readily forms covalent bonds with boron when reacted with boric acid in alkali medium. Non imprinted polymer (NIP) is effective at extracting boron from water, reducing the cost of cleaning the polymer with a Soxhlet equipment.

This study focuses on the development and characterization of bioactive patches derived from Aloe Vera (AV) and Nata De Coco (NDC) for advanced wound dressing applications. Utilizing the solution casting method, biocomposite films are developed using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with varied bio-filler content (2%−10%) w/w. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirms the miscibility and compatibility of PVA and bio-fillers via intermolecular hydrogen bonding. PVA/NDC10 demonstrates the highest water-holding capacity (WHC), exhibiting an increase from 157.17% (neat PVA) to 286.01%, resulting in an 82.0% enhancement. Conversely, increasing NDC content leads to a gradual decrease in tensile strength. Notably, the hybrid biocomposite film (PVA/AV/NDC) shows a significant 20.82% improvement in tensile strength, reaching 30.79 MPa. The study underscores the promise of AV and NDC bioactive patches for advanced wound dressing. Additionally, the hybrid approach shows synergistic improvements in water retention and mechanical strength, offering a comprehensive solution for effective wound management.