Macromolecular Symposia最新文献

The need for enhanced preservation strategies is highlighted by the growth of varied media formats and the media's increasing susceptibility to degradation caused by the environment and usage. This study examines how polymer science and artificial intelligence (AI) can work together to create intelligent coatings that will greatly enhance media preservation. By utilizing machine learning methods for data analysis, the research aims to comprehend environmental factors and degradation patterns in order to create polymer formulations that are suitable for a variety of media substrates. In order to lessen the effects of several deteriorative forces, the project also explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for real-time monitoring, adaptive response mechanisms, and self-healing capabilities within polymer coatings. It is anticipated that the results of this study will aid in the creation of intelligent polymer coatings, improving the robustness, quality, and lifespan of media.

This study includes measuring the concentrations of the variable's hormone ricistin, interleukin-6 macromolecules, and tumor necrosis factor. A biochemical study is conducted on 100 blood serum samples, 70 samples of them for patients with cardiovascular diseases aged 25–70 years and 30 samples are collected for healthy people as a control group aged 25–70 years. Using enzyme linked immuno sorbent asaay (ELISA). A number of biochemical variables are measured in the blood serum of the groups in this study. Furthermore, the result of the study shows a high significant increase in the concentration of the hormone ricistin, interleukin-6, and TNF at a probability level (0.01 ≥ p). These results in the blood of patients with cardiovascular diseases compared with the control group of healthy people.

Proton exchange membrane, a key element of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, with perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes notably Nafion has been principally used as it provides high proton conductivity and high mechanical strength with good durability even at high pressure. Nonetheless, at high temperatures, the membrane suffers from conductivity problems due to dehydration, notably at high temperatures. Ionic liquids (ILs) which possess unique properties such as high electrochemical windows, high ionic conductivity, and high thermal stability have been the subject of interest in solving this problem. In this study, a protic ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (BMIMOTf) have been incorporated into the Nafion 117 through the solution casting and immersion method at different weight loading from 5–50 wt.% and tested their ionic conductivity, mechanical strength at different temperatures. It is found that at 20 wt.% loading the resulting composite membrane showed a high conductivity with considerable tensile strength. Furthermore, at different wt.% the incorporated ILs have improved the thermal stability of the membrane.

Pipelines often function in environments characterized by high pressure and low temperatures conditions conducive to hydrate formation. The occurrence of gas hydrate plugs can lead to pipeline blockages, resulting in significant economic losses and posing safety and environmental risks due to potential pipeline failures. In response, the industry is shifting toward low-dosage kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) requiring minimal quantities for effective hydrate inhibition. This study focuses on the synthesis and application of a cyclic amide-based polymer, polyvinyl caprolactam (PVCap), as a kinetic hydrate inhibition. This research also investigates the synergistic interaction between PVCap and monoethylene glycol (EG) where the hydrate inhibition performance of PVCap–EG blends is assessed. The experiments are done in a high pressure autoclave using constant cooling experimental procedure. The results demonstrate that increasing EG concentration in PVCap–EG blends lowers the equilibrium temperature (T_eq), indicating effective hydrate inhibition. Moreover, the addition of EG reduces the hydrate growth rate to gas consumption rate ratio, showing its potential to mitigate hydrate formation.

Micro-drug estimation is performed on pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and ibuprofen macromolecules. The third-order spectrum derivation technique revealed a linearity range of 20–50 µg/mL for both ibuprofen (Ibu) and pseudoephedrine (Psed). A uniform scaling factor of 10 is applied across all drugs. The limits of detection (LOD%) ranged from 0.12366 to 4.73181, and the limits of quantification (LOQ%) ranged from 0.370454 to 14.3388. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) values varied from 0.002779 to 0.020325, while the recovery (Rec%) values ranged between 96.8 and 100.734. Specifically, for ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine, the LOD% values are between 0.370454 and 14.3388, the RSD% values ranged from 0.005413 to 6.8824, and the Rec% values are observed within the range of 97.4719 to 104.487.

The present study outlines a meticulously devised and accurate spectrophotometric method for the determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHEPH) in both its pure drug form and drop formulation. The methodology hinges upon a diazo-coupling reaction, whereby PHEPH undergoes coupling with diazotized 4-bromoaniline under alkaline conditions. The resulting yellowish-orange azo-dye demonstrates a remarkable sensitivity, quantified by the molar absorptivity value of 4.684 × 10³ L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹. The pinnacle of absorption occurs at 459 nm, and the linearity of the method is impeccably upheld within the concentration range of 3–48 µg 10 mL⁻¹ of PHEPH, as dictated by Beer's law. An aspect of paramount significance is the enduring stability of the product's coloration, evincing minimal alteration in absorbance over duration of up to 60 min. Notably, the recovery percentage stands at an impressive 100.1376%, testifying to the method's accuracy, while the relative standard deviation (RSD%) of a mere 0.310178% underscores its precision. The applicability of this method extends seamlessly to the estimation of PHEPH within nasal drop formulations, yielding results of commendable reliability and consistency.

This study aims to encapsulate the carotenoid nanoemulsion from red melinjo peel as an alternative for food fortification. Nanocarotenoid emulsion is obtained by homogenizing red melinjo extract using ultraturrax (11 000 rpm) ps followed by ultrasonic for 1 h, confirmed with particle size analysis. The encapsulated nanocarotenoid formula is developed by adding maltodextrin to carotenoid nanoemulsion. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), encapsulation efficiency of maltodextrin, and carotenoid content are also characterized. The treatment of 1 h ultrasonication successfully reduces the particle size, with a diameter of 99.54 ± 0.03 nm. Maltodextrin added to nanoemulsion at the level of 100% shows the highest encapsulation efficiency at 54.33% ± 1.36%. Additionally, the sample treated with 1 h of sonication exhibits a higher β-carotene content (8.50 ppm) compared to the control sample (6.0 ppm), while the sonicated sample has lower carotenoid content (600 ppm) than the nonsonicated sample (625 ppm).

The study encompasses an investigation of a local natural mineral material found in the Nimrud region/Ibrahim Al-Khalil village (40 km southeast of Mosul city). This is achieved through chemical analysis and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to identify its various elemental components. Subsequently, X-ray diffraction (XRD) is employed to determine the percentage ratios of clay minerals (natural zeolites) and nonclay minerals comprising the natural mineral ore. The natural zeolite is then selectively concentrated by removing carbonates, iron, and reactive silica (amorphous silica) followed by impregnation with nickel using the compound Ni(NO₃)₂.6H₂O. The properties and characteristics of the prepared zeolites (impregnated and nonimpregnated) are investigated using XRF, XRD, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The analysis reveals its compliance with both chemical and crystalline specifications of zeolites, in addition to good surface area, selective porous channels, and thermal stability.

This study aimed to identify the relationship between glucose levels and thyroid disorders in children admitted in the Emergency Children's Hospital. This study is carried-out on 60 children that divided into three groups that divided into 1^st group consists of 20 patients of normal thyroid function and glucose level and considered as a control group, 2^nd group that consists of 20 patients that suffering from hyperthyroidism and the 3^rd group that consists of 20 patients, which are suffering from hypothyroidism. Our study concluded that, in T1DM patients with normal thyroid function, thyroid hormone levels are closely related to glucose and lipid metabolism, so it is particularly important to detect thyroid feature in T1DM patients, which is useful for early detection and correction of bizarre thyroid function, and similarly, it might also enhance the ailment of glucose and lipid metabolism and forestall the complications of T1DM. The results also cleared that, in children with hyperthyroidism have a higher level of blood glucose than the normal control patients, while in hypothyroidism, the blood glucose level decreased than the normal control group and the increasing level of glucose in hyperthyroidism is associated with decreasing level of Vitamin D and increasing level of serum lipids total cholesterol, serum triglycerides LDL-C, VLDL-C, and increasing the athrogenic index.