Macromolecular Symposia最新文献

Achieving highly efficient absorption in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) spectral region is crucial for advancing numerous technologies. SWIR absorption enhances energy harvesting in solar cells, improves the sensitivity of infrared sensors, and enables precise control of thermal radiative properties in thermal emission devices. These advancements are essential for applications such as thermal imaging, night vision, and thermophotovoltaic systems. The study presents a simple, cost-effective design of a polymer-coated multilayer perfect absorber (MPA) metamaterial optimized for the SWIR spectral region. The proposed MPA structure is composed of four distinct layers: a top layer made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer, a second layer featuring arrays of circular titanium nitride (TiN) disks, a dielectric middle layer consisting of a pure zinc oxide (ZnO) film, and a bottom metallic layer formed by a thin film of TiN. The results demonstrate that the MPA achieves near-perfect absorption, with a remarkable 99% efficiency centered at a wavelength of 1.3 µm. The absorption properties are further investigated with respect to various structural parameters to ensure better performance of the absorber. These absorbers hold great promise for applications in energy absorption, infrared sensing, thermal emission, and related fields.

Nanotechnology has enormous, economic, social, and environmental ramifications. Due to their capacity to survive in complex processes, inorganic nanomaterials like metal/metal oxides have received substantial study during the past decade. Nanoparticles have antibacterial, magnetic, electrical, and catalytic characteristics due to their greater surface area. There are several methods to develop nanoparticles but environment friendly behavior with no toxic byproducts attracts researchers toward biological process of nanoparticles. This work synthesizes copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles and zinc oxide (ZnO) with Aloe barbadensis (Aloe vera) leaves extract and successfully characterizes them with different analytical techniques. The catalytic activity of such nanoparticles tests over different cationic and anionic dyes like methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and methyl red (MR) for different intervals of time and reveals. The degradation efficiency of CuO nanoparticles for MB, MO, and MR dyes are 59.92%, 73.48%, and 73.10% respectively, and for ZnO nanoparticles it is 81.44%, 76.46%, and 63.30% for MB, MO, and MR dyes respectively under the exposure of sunlight for 8 h. The present work successfully develops an ecofriendly process of dye degradation by biologically synthesized nanoparticles.

The present overview discusses the putative aphrodisiac properties of carbohydrates. It comprehensively investigates the intricate interplay between the physiological systems that govern sexual arousal and the consumption of carbohydrates in the diet. One method to achieve this is by examining the historical origins of aphrodisiacs in various civilizations. It highlights the significance of carbohydrates as essential macronutrients and explores their function in crucial biochemical processes associated with libido and sexual response. In order to understand the impact of dietary carbs on sexual health, the study examines the correlation among sex hormones, insulin sensitivity, and blood glucose levels. To understand how particular diets high in carbohydrates can improve sexual arousal, performance and desire the analysis looks at scientific research informing that some diets have aphrodisiac properties. The present research examines the influence of carbohydrates on mood, stress levels, and overall well-being to gain a deeper understanding of the psychological underpinnings of sexual function. The points elucidated in this analysis enhance the understanding of the complex interrelationships between dietary components, specifically carbs, and sexual health. Results have implications for lifestyle modifications aimed at improving sexual well-being. The information contained here will also be beneficial to individuals and healthcare professionals who are looking for evidence-based approaches to improve their sexual well-being.

Fiber reinforced composites are made by reinforcing fibers in a polymeric matrix and shaping them to fit. Natural fibers, on the other hand, such as jute sisal, hemp, flax etc. are increasingly commonly utilized as reinforcements and perform similarly to artificial fibers. Man-made fibers like as carbon, glass, and kevlar are utilized as reinforcements in the start and have shown to be the best in terms of characteristics, reinforcing capacity, and usefulness. Research investigations also show that when man-made and natural reinforcements are combined in a hybrid form, the composite characteristics increase significantly. The composite material obtains all of the better qualities of individual fibers as a result of this combination, and when the composite is subjected to varying loads, each fiber gives its own maximal resistance. The chemical and physical properties are further enhanced by including particular reinforcements into polymer matrix composites, which provide whole new features (which has transformed the aerospace, marine, defence, and automobile industry). As a result, the composite would be better in all attributes. The current study provides a thorough examination of the different challenges concerning the synthesis and mechanical characterization of natural fiber reinforces hybrid polymer composites. Future difficulties, as well as areas of use for polymer matrix composites, have been investigated that may aid in the elimination of plastic waste and the reduction of environmental pollution.

The current investigation conducts a thorough analysis of the nonlinear optical properties, binding characteristics, and electronic features of 1-proplene-3-methylimidazolium (PMIM)-X ionic liquid (IL) crystal. These findings reveal that the dissociation energy of PMIM-X indicates a preference for ionic dissociation over neutral dissociation. Notably, the ionic dissociation energy shows an increasing trend with both the electron affinity (EA) and the size of X. In the process of forming the IL crystal PMIM-X, this study observes a charge transfer from PMIM to X species. It is noteworthy that the extent of charge transfer intensifies with the increasing size of X. Additionally, the calculated energy gap exhibits a positive correlation with both EA and the size of X. Although these results suggest promising nonlinear optical behavior for PMIM-X, it is crucial to acknowledge the limitations of the study. All calculations are conducted on single atoms in the gas phase, overlooking potential effects that may arise in the liquid phase or bulk conditions. Therefore, future investigations should consider these factors for a more comprehensive understanding of the behavior of PMIM-X in practical applications.

Over the course of three decades, benzimidazole as well as benzothiazole and its derivatives have been extensively investigated in oligo-nucleotide therapy for their properties. These derivatives serve as valuable building blocks for creating pharmaceutical and biologically active molecules. With applications ranging across various therapeutic domains, including antiulcer, anticancer, and anthelmintic treatments, substituted benzimidazole/ benzothiazole derivatives have proven their versatility. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in benzimidazole/ benzothiazole-based compounds within medicinal chemistry. These compounds exhibit diverse pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-HIV, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, antihistaminic, antimalarial properties, among others. By presenting insights into the substitution patterns around the benzimidazole/benzothiazole nucleus, this review aims to assist medicinal chemists in developing structure–activity relationships (SAR) for benzimidazole/benzothiazole-based drugs and compounds, thereby aiding in the advancement of medicinal research.

Transdermal drug delivery systems have received a lot of attention due to their noninvasive nature and possible advantages over standard drug administration methods. Because transdermal administration systems skip the gastrointestinal tract and hence avoid hepatic first pass metabolism, also the chance of adverse effects such as liver malfunction and gastrointestinal tract discomfort is low. This comprehensive review explores the various aspects of polymeric advancements in transdermal drug delivery, encompassing their roles as matrix and microreservoir formers, microneedles, pressure sensitive adhesives, rate controlling membranes, and many other components. The article emphasizes the importance of biocompatibility, chemical compatibility, and stability of polymers within the transdermal delivery system. Furthermore, it delves into the recent advancements in synthetic and natural polymer-based transdermal drug delivery systems. Thus, a comprehensive search strategy is conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to write this review paper. The scope of this investigation involves an in-depth study of the various polymeric materials used, their formulations, and the mechanisms that support their efficacy in delivering medications over the skin barrier. Additionally, it explores the challenges associated with stability and safety concerns, while highlighting novel approaches to overcome these problems. Furthermore, the review discusses the biocompatibility of polymeric materials, crucial for ensuring minimal adverse effects and maximum therapeutic efficacy.

Farmers heavily treat crops with fertilizers and pesticides in an effort to maximize production. It causes a great deal of ecological destruction in addition to poor soil health. Crop poisoning can occasionally arise from the overuse of insecticides. Some well-known pesticides, such as chlorpyrifos, carbofuran, and endrin, are members of the organophosphate, organochlorine, and carbamates families and remain in crops for extended periods of time. Remaining organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are thought to be endocrine disruptors and carcinogenic. A person's risk of developing endometriosis, hypopadias, cryptorchidism, and malignancies of the breast, lung, cervix, and prostate may increase if there is an accumulation of OCP in their body. Reports have also linked the effects of OCP exposure to human growth, cerebral development, and psychomotor development. Since they are no longer allowed to be manufactured or used, organochlorine insecticides have raised a great deal of concern because they can still be found in large quantities, even in remote locations. Living things become harmful over an extended period of time when exposed to such chemical residues. Pesticide overuse can have detrimental effects on the food chain and the ecosystem. It entirely changes the pH of the soil and lowers its fertility. Food products can become hazardous to humans if they are consumed soon after a pesticide application. This review study raises important concerns about crops treated with excessive pesticides that endanger human health.

The present work describes the synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) via simple two-step thermal decomposition of urea at a moderate temperature of 550 °C. The as-synthesized GCN is further doped with transition metals like nickel, and both the pure and doped GCN are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD shows the perfect phase formation in the pure GCN, which also remains in the doped sample but with much lesser crystallinity. FESEM shows that after doping, the small chips-like structure of GCN gets transformed to an elongated one. XPS confirms the successful doping by keeping the signature of both nickel 2P_1/2 and 2P_3/2 oxidation states in the spectra, whereas FTIR gave an idea about different bonding present in the sample. The pure sample, when irradiated with an excitation wavelength of 350 nm, gives an intense peak at 457 nm, which gets considerably quenched in the case of the doped sample. However, a new peak appears in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the doped sample at 624 nm. The quenching of PL intensity in the doped sample is assumed to be due to the fact that the dopant-induced state traps the electron, hindering them from immediate recombination. This quenching of PL intensity generates the possibilities of sensing the presence of different metals and thus taking measurable steps for removing them. The CIE chromaticity diagrams for the doped and undoped samples confirm that the emission color changes from blue to cyan region after the doping.

l-Isoleucine is subjected to density and sound velocity measurements in aqueous solutions of potassium (KCl) and sodium chlorides (NaCl) as well as water, from 288.15 to 298.15 K. Through the use of these experimental data, a variety of volumetric and acoustical parameters are calculated, including values for molar volume (V_m), available volume (V_a), adiabatic compressibility (β), nonlinear parameters (B/A), Wada constant (W), Rao's constant (R), and van der Wall's constant (a). The findings shed light on many electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions within the binary system involving electrolytes, water, and amino acids. The interactions between the electrolytes and l-isoleucine are thoroughly examined under varying electrolyte concentrations and temperatures, revealing many interactions. Positive transfer quantities demonstrate the ion-hydrophilic and solute–solvent interaction in the aqueous medium, particularly between l-isoleucine and NaCl and KCl. The influence of electrolyte type and temperature on these interactions is discernible. The culmination of the study's outcomes is elaborated through analyzing solute–solvent and solute–solute interactions. In particular, the interaction hierarchy is identified as l-isoleucine + water + KCl > l-isoleucine + water + NaCl > l-isoleucine + swater.