Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2023.2211220
Zeyana Al-Ghafri, A. Al-Habsi, Michael J. Barry
ABSTRACT The pharmaceuticals atorvastatin and gemfibrozil are prescribed for the treatment of high blood cholesterol. Atorvastatin has been detected in surface waters at a concentrations of 250 ng/L while gemfibrozil at 0.5 μg/L. We tested the effects of atorvastatin and gemfibrozil individually and in combination on the swimming behavior and response of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to a conspecific alarm cue. We also measured whole-body cortisol and the effect of the alarm on metabolic rate. Fish exposed to nominal concentrations of 0.075 and 7.5 μg/L atorvastatin showed exaggerated responses to the alarm. In contrast, a high gemfibrozil concentration (nominal: 250 μg/L) alone and in combination with atorvastatin inhibited the alarm response suggesting an antagonistic effect. Neither drug affected total cortisol. After exposure to the alarm chemical the metabolic rate of control fish increased, but all other treatments decreased. This study shows that these drugs can effect behaviour at environmentally relevant concentrations.
{"title":"Atorvastatin and gemfibrozil alter zebrafish behavior","authors":"Zeyana Al-Ghafri, A. Al-Habsi, Michael J. Barry","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2023.2211220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2023.2211220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The pharmaceuticals atorvastatin and gemfibrozil are prescribed for the treatment of high blood cholesterol. Atorvastatin has been detected in surface waters at a concentrations of 250 ng/L while gemfibrozil at 0.5 μg/L. We tested the effects of atorvastatin and gemfibrozil individually and in combination on the swimming behavior and response of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to a conspecific alarm cue. We also measured whole-body cortisol and the effect of the alarm on metabolic rate. Fish exposed to nominal concentrations of 0.075 and 7.5 μg/L atorvastatin showed exaggerated responses to the alarm. In contrast, a high gemfibrozil concentration (nominal: 250 μg/L) alone and in combination with atorvastatin inhibited the alarm response suggesting an antagonistic effect. Neither drug affected total cortisol. After exposure to the alarm chemical the metabolic rate of control fish increased, but all other treatments decreased. This study shows that these drugs can effect behaviour at environmentally relevant concentrations.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86314550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2023.2208724
Melissa A. May, P. Rawson
ABSTRACT Previous transcriptomic studies have suggested that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) expression in Mytilids (Mytilus spp.) may be a critical component of the osmotic stress response. Ornithine is catabolized into polyamines by ODC or into glutamate or proline by ornithine aminotransferase (OAT). To better understand how ornithine is metabolized under low salinity conditions, we examined species-specific variation in OAT and ODC expression for three species that vary in their salinity tolerance (M. trossulus, M. edulis, and M. galloprovincialis). We found a consistent decrease in ODC expression during hypoosmotic exposure in all three species but pronounced species-specific increases in OAT expression. During hyperosmotic stress, the patterns of expression of these genes reversed, suggesting that proline or glutamate synthesis is important during low salinity exposure, while polyamine synthesis may be more important during hyperosmotic exposure. These responses were most pronounced in M. galloprovincialis, with an 18-fold increase in OAT during hypoosmotic exposure.
先前的转录组学研究表明，鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)在Mytilus spp.)中的表达可能是渗透胁迫反应的关键组成部分。鸟氨酸通过ODC分解为多胺，或通过鸟氨酸转氨酶(OAT)分解为谷氨酸或脯氨酸。为了更好地了解鸟氨酸在低盐度条件下是如何代谢的，我们研究了三种耐盐性不同的物种(M. trossulus, M. edulis和M. galloprovincialis) OAT和ODC表达的物种特异性变化。我们发现，在低渗暴露期间，所有三个物种的ODC表达一致下降，但OAT表达明显增加。在高渗胁迫下，这些基因的表达模式发生了逆转，这表明脯氨酸或谷氨酸的合成在低盐度环境下很重要，而多胺的合成在高渗环境下可能更重要。这些反应在加洛省分枝杆菌中最为明显，在低渗暴露期间OAT增加了18倍。
{"title":"Ornithine metabolism and the osmotic stress response in mytilid congeners","authors":"Melissa A. May, P. Rawson","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2023.2208724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2023.2208724","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Previous transcriptomic studies have suggested that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) expression in Mytilids (Mytilus spp.) may be a critical component of the osmotic stress response. Ornithine is catabolized into polyamines by ODC or into glutamate or proline by ornithine aminotransferase (OAT). To better understand how ornithine is metabolized under low salinity conditions, we examined species-specific variation in OAT and ODC expression for three species that vary in their salinity tolerance (M. trossulus, M. edulis, and M. galloprovincialis). We found a consistent decrease in ODC expression during hypoosmotic exposure in all three species but pronounced species-specific increases in OAT expression. During hyperosmotic stress, the patterns of expression of these genes reversed, suggesting that proline or glutamate synthesis is important during low salinity exposure, while polyamine synthesis may be more important during hyperosmotic exposure. These responses were most pronounced in M. galloprovincialis, with an 18-fold increase in OAT during hypoosmotic exposure.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83157100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2023.2190521
Kyra N. Anderson, Megan M. Dotterweich, Linnea E. Staab, Andrew A. Levora, Kristin M. Hardy
ABSTRACT Differences in the stress experience of sessile organisms across the intertidal zone can differentially influence phenotype. For example, Balanus glandula barnacles from the low intertidal zone have higher lactate levels, greater lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and reduced cirral activity compared to conspecifics from the high intertidal zone. We tested the hypothesis that enhanced anaerobic capacity in lower intertidal B. glandula results from increased predation and hypoxia-inducing shell closure. To investigate this hypothesis, we compared the density of whelk predators across the intertidal zone, and quantified the behavioral response and LDH activity levels of B. glandula exposed to predators in the lab. We consistently found more predators in the low intertidal zone, although the response of B. glandula to predators was short-term operculum closure (<1hr) which did not result in significant differences in LDH activity. Thus, increased predation is not the cause of high anaerobic capacity in lower intertidal B. glandula.
{"title":"Predator effects on behavior and anaerobic capacity in the common acorn barnacle (Balanus glandula)","authors":"Kyra N. Anderson, Megan M. Dotterweich, Linnea E. Staab, Andrew A. Levora, Kristin M. Hardy","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2023.2190521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2023.2190521","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Differences in the stress experience of sessile organisms across the intertidal zone can differentially influence phenotype. For example, Balanus glandula barnacles from the low intertidal zone have higher lactate levels, greater lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and reduced cirral activity compared to conspecifics from the high intertidal zone. We tested the hypothesis that enhanced anaerobic capacity in lower intertidal B. glandula results from increased predation and hypoxia-inducing shell closure. To investigate this hypothesis, we compared the density of whelk predators across the intertidal zone, and quantified the behavioral response and LDH activity levels of B. glandula exposed to predators in the lab. We consistently found more predators in the low intertidal zone, although the response of B. glandula to predators was short-term operculum closure (<1hr) which did not result in significant differences in LDH activity. Thus, increased predation is not the cause of high anaerobic capacity in lower intertidal B. glandula.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88727260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2023.2183859
C. Manfrin
{"title":"Marine Decapod Crustacea: A Guide to Families and Genera of the World is now out!","authors":"C. Manfrin","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2023.2183859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2023.2183859","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87413465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-12DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2023.2171876
Xuelei Chen, Tian Xu, H. Dowse, Yi Tao, C. Zeng, Fanyi Zhao, Haihui Ye, Donghui Guo
ABSTRACT Adopting circatidal vertical migration, catadromous crab megalopae use flood tide transport (FTT) to reach the settlement or nursery habitat and moult at a high rate that mismatches the low food-availability en route. To explain this “mismatch problem,” we hypothesize that besides development, starvation also affects megalopae’s transport so that the starved ones with low moulting possibility cannot succeed migration. The hypothesis was tested by studying how starvation affected rhythmic vertical migration of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) megalopae. The findings support our hypothesis by showing that starvation weakened the vertical migration of the megalopae. The results also revealed that starvation caused the residual vertical migration of the megalopae to follow a circadian rhythm in addition to circatidal rhythm. We conclude that for catadromous crab megalopae, transport, just as development, is controlled by nutrition; and there exists a trade-off between the development and transport of Chinese mitten crab megalopae .
{"title":"Correlation between transport and moulting of catadromous crab megalopae: The effects of starvation on rhythmic vertical migration","authors":"Xuelei Chen, Tian Xu, H. Dowse, Yi Tao, C. Zeng, Fanyi Zhao, Haihui Ye, Donghui Guo","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2023.2171876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2023.2171876","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adopting circatidal vertical migration, catadromous crab megalopae use flood tide transport (FTT) to reach the settlement or nursery habitat and moult at a high rate that mismatches the low food-availability en route. To explain this “mismatch problem,” we hypothesize that besides development, starvation also affects megalopae’s transport so that the starved ones with low moulting possibility cannot succeed migration. The hypothesis was tested by studying how starvation affected rhythmic vertical migration of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) megalopae. The findings support our hypothesis by showing that starvation weakened the vertical migration of the megalopae. The results also revealed that starvation caused the residual vertical migration of the megalopae to follow a circadian rhythm in addition to circatidal rhythm. We conclude that for catadromous crab megalopae, transport, just as development, is controlled by nutrition; and there exists a trade-off between the development and transport of Chinese mitten crab megalopae .","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84479007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2144735
Caroline Teixeira Bonifácio, C. O. Paranhos, I. F. Araujo Torres, R. K. Luz
ABSTRACT Males and females of various species spend energy on different activities throughout the day in their natural environment. Thus, the present study aimed to assess whether males and females of A. nyassae differ in learning and preferences through two experiments. Experiment 1 subjected animals to learning by association in a T-maze test. Experiment 2 subjected males and females to a preference test in a T-maze, with each tank arm receiving one of the two following positive stimuli: shelter or food. Experiment 1 found that both sexes were able to learn the association between neutral and positive stimuli. Experiment 2 found that, regardless of sex, the animals frequented more the arm with the presence of shelter. This study demonstrates that males and females of A. nyassae were able to learn the task of object and food association and also preferred to take shelter over eating, even after exposure to stress.
{"title":"Association learning and preference of females and males of the blue orchid, Aulonocara nyassae Regan, 1922 in a T-maze","authors":"Caroline Teixeira Bonifácio, C. O. Paranhos, I. F. Araujo Torres, R. K. Luz","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2144735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2144735","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Males and females of various species spend energy on different activities throughout the day in their natural environment. Thus, the present study aimed to assess whether males and females of A. nyassae differ in learning and preferences through two experiments. Experiment 1 subjected animals to learning by association in a T-maze test. Experiment 2 subjected males and females to a preference test in a T-maze, with each tank arm receiving one of the two following positive stimuli: shelter or food. Experiment 1 found that both sexes were able to learn the association between neutral and positive stimuli. Experiment 2 found that, regardless of sex, the animals frequented more the arm with the presence of shelter. This study demonstrates that males and females of A. nyassae were able to learn the task of object and food association and also preferred to take shelter over eating, even after exposure to stress.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72752148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2135438
S. Phuge, Sachin M. Gosavi, R. Pandit
ABSTRACT Prey animals use various signals to detect their predators and respond accordingly to enhance their survival. Since responding to a predator is costly, prey species may cut cost by using other strategies such as behavioural tactics, morphological changes, seeking natural refuge or unique habitat acquisition. Tadpoles of Microhyla nilphamariensis have a transparent body and live in a neustonic environment, which provides them protection against benthic predators. As a result, we investigated the predator detection mechanism in M. nilphamariensis tadpoles using different cues from an insect predator, dragonfly larvae, to determine if the presence of natural shelter and unique habitat acquisition influences the chemo-ecology of predator recognition in this species. We also exposed these tadpoles to active caged predators and a stress hormone, corticosterone (CORT) to study physiological mechanism underlying their behavioural anti-predator responses toward alarm cues. In the predator avoidance assay, M. nilphamariensis tadpoles did not respond to the predator using visual or chemical signals. The tadpoles did not change their activity in response to alarm, heterospecific, kairomones, and dietary cues released from the predator. Pre-conditioning of M. nilphamariensis tadpoles with caged predator and different concentrations of CORT also did not alter their activity in response to alarm cues. These results clearly demonstrated that neustonic tadpoles of M. nilphamariensis do not detect and respond to co-existing insect predator. We discuss these results in the context of unique habitat occupied by these prey tadpoles, the presence of alternate prey, and inherent factors such as transparent body.
{"title":"Neustonic tadpoles do not detect and respond to insect predator","authors":"S. Phuge, Sachin M. Gosavi, R. Pandit","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2135438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2135438","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prey animals use various signals to detect their predators and respond accordingly to enhance their survival. Since responding to a predator is costly, prey species may cut cost by using other strategies such as behavioural tactics, morphological changes, seeking natural refuge or unique habitat acquisition. Tadpoles of Microhyla nilphamariensis have a transparent body and live in a neustonic environment, which provides them protection against benthic predators. As a result, we investigated the predator detection mechanism in M. nilphamariensis tadpoles using different cues from an insect predator, dragonfly larvae, to determine if the presence of natural shelter and unique habitat acquisition influences the chemo-ecology of predator recognition in this species. We also exposed these tadpoles to active caged predators and a stress hormone, corticosterone (CORT) to study physiological mechanism underlying their behavioural anti-predator responses toward alarm cues. In the predator avoidance assay, M. nilphamariensis tadpoles did not respond to the predator using visual or chemical signals. The tadpoles did not change their activity in response to alarm, heterospecific, kairomones, and dietary cues released from the predator. Pre-conditioning of M. nilphamariensis tadpoles with caged predator and different concentrations of CORT also did not alter their activity in response to alarm cues. These results clearly demonstrated that neustonic tadpoles of M. nilphamariensis do not detect and respond to co-existing insect predator. We discuss these results in the context of unique habitat occupied by these prey tadpoles, the presence of alternate prey, and inherent factors such as transparent body.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90371608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2120816
T. V. Sikorskaya, E. Ermolenko, A. Boroda
ABSTRACT Extending our knowledge about the bleaching and recovery processes in octocorals can offer valuable insights to predict future reef responses to continuing climate change. The octocoral Sinularia heterospiculata was exposed to a heat stress (32°C) for 2 days and then recovered within 205 days. The coral’s response was assessed by measuring total lipids, chlorophylls , carotenoids, and relative endosymbiont density. During the bleaching period, the coral lost half of its dinoflagellate symbionts; during the recovery period, it could completely restore their population. Photosynthetic activity of dinoflagellate symbionts was reduced after 1 week of recovery. However, the level of lipids was stable. The contents of chlorophyll b after the 2-day bleaching period increased relative to their proportion in the endosymbionts, which may be associated with the chlorophyll repackaging and absorption of more light. The content of carotenoids increases, which is probably associated with the complementary function of carotenoids as antioxidants.
{"title":"Recovery of a symbiotic octocoral Sinularia heterospiculata after heat stress exposure","authors":"T. V. Sikorskaya, E. Ermolenko, A. Boroda","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2120816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2120816","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Extending our knowledge about the bleaching and recovery processes in octocorals can offer valuable insights to predict future reef responses to continuing climate change. The octocoral Sinularia heterospiculata was exposed to a heat stress (32°C) for 2 days and then recovered within 205 days. The coral’s response was assessed by measuring total lipids, chlorophylls , carotenoids, and relative endosymbiont density. During the bleaching period, the coral lost half of its dinoflagellate symbionts; during the recovery period, it could completely restore their population. Photosynthetic activity of dinoflagellate symbionts was reduced after 1 week of recovery. However, the level of lipids was stable. The contents of chlorophyll b after the 2-day bleaching period increased relative to their proportion in the endosymbionts, which may be associated with the chlorophyll repackaging and absorption of more light. The content of carotenoids increases, which is probably associated with the complementary function of carotenoids as antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84732423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-24DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2104720
Tanguy Soulié, J. Engström-Öst, O. Glippa
ABSTRACT Climate change-induced salinity decrease is currently occurring in many estuarine coastal zones, due to increased outflow of freshwater. This freshening can be a problem for brackish-water animals, already living on the edge of their salinity tolerance. We measured oxygen consumption of common copepod Eurytemora affinis along a natural salinity gradient in the western Gulf of Finland. The salinity varied between 3 in the inner bay and 7 in the offshore area along the gradient, pH varied between 7.05 and 7.86. Our results show that respiration increased with decreasing salinity, as expected for a genus more commonly found in estuarine/saline waters, even if it has colonised brackish waters. Our results suggest that future decreasing salinity could enhance respiration rate, and so energy requirements, of large-bodied zooplankton in estuarine areas such as the Baltic Sea and could lead to lower food quality availability for coastal planktivorous fish, such as herring and sprat.
{"title":"Copepod oxygen consumption along a salinity gradient","authors":"Tanguy Soulié, J. Engström-Öst, O. Glippa","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2104720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2104720","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change-induced salinity decrease is currently occurring in many estuarine coastal zones, due to increased outflow of freshwater. This freshening can be a problem for brackish-water animals, already living on the edge of their salinity tolerance. We measured oxygen consumption of common copepod Eurytemora affinis along a natural salinity gradient in the western Gulf of Finland. The salinity varied between 3 in the inner bay and 7 in the offshore area along the gradient, pH varied between 7.05 and 7.86. Our results show that respiration increased with decreasing salinity, as expected for a genus more commonly found in estuarine/saline waters, even if it has colonised brackish waters. Our results suggest that future decreasing salinity could enhance respiration rate, and so energy requirements, of large-bodied zooplankton in estuarine areas such as the Baltic Sea and could lead to lower food quality availability for coastal planktivorous fish, such as herring and sprat.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85314176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-08DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2100772
Md Moshiur Rahman, Z. Ferdouse, Nazmir Nur, Md Nazrul Islam, M. Rouf, S. T. Arafat, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman, Md. Mostafizur Rahman
ABSTRACT A study was conducted to investigate the effects of microplastics (<5 mm) and macroplastics (>5 mm) on some phenotypic traits of guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Juvenile male guppies, fed with a commercial diet, were reared for 70 days in aquariums under three different experimental treatments: 1) control (no plastic); 2) microplastic; and 3) macroplastic. The findings revealed that microplastic-treated males had significantly higher mortality, shorter standard length, smaller body area, a limited number of sperm bundles and sigmoid displays, and less sexual interest than macroplastic and no-plastic treated males. The analyses showed no significant variation in tail length, gonopodial thrusts, or different color patterns among the treatments. Taken together, these findings show how microplastic pollution can influence the survival, growth, and reproductive traits of a fish species; this must be considered seriously, as other aquatic animals could be saved by reducing the amount of plastic waste in different aquatic environments.
{"title":"Microplastic ingestion alters the expression of some sexually selected traits in a model fish guppy (Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859)","authors":"Md Moshiur Rahman, Z. Ferdouse, Nazmir Nur, Md Nazrul Islam, M. Rouf, S. T. Arafat, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman, Md. Mostafizur Rahman","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2100772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2100772","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A study was conducted to investigate the effects of microplastics (<5 mm) and macroplastics (>5 mm) on some phenotypic traits of guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Juvenile male guppies, fed with a commercial diet, were reared for 70 days in aquariums under three different experimental treatments: 1) control (no plastic); 2) microplastic; and 3) macroplastic. The findings revealed that microplastic-treated males had significantly higher mortality, shorter standard length, smaller body area, a limited number of sperm bundles and sigmoid displays, and less sexual interest than macroplastic and no-plastic treated males. The analyses showed no significant variation in tail length, gonopodial thrusts, or different color patterns among the treatments. Taken together, these findings show how microplastic pollution can influence the survival, growth, and reproductive traits of a fish species; this must be considered seriously, as other aquatic animals could be saved by reducing the amount of plastic waste in different aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75456010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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