Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2094793
S. Fadlaoui, M. Melhaoui
ABSTRACT This is the first study of the diet composition of the North African freshwater crab Potamon algeriense by examining stomach contents. Crabs were collected during 1 year, October 2018 to September 2019, from Oued Zegzel, a mountain stream in the Northeast of Morocco. From a total of 72 crabs captured, only 35 males and 30 females had stomach contents that could be analyzed. Diet composition analysis was carried out using the frequency of occurrence and the percentage point methods. Stomach content analysis showed that P. algeriense was found to be an opportunistic omnivore capable of ingesting both vegetal and animal materials, with a predominance of vegetal tissues. High values of the feeding index were observed from summer to late autumn; however, lower values were recorded during the wet season.
{"title":"Diet composition of the North African freshwater crab, Potamon algeriense (Bott, 1967) in Oued Zegzel (Northeast of Morocco)","authors":"S. Fadlaoui, M. Melhaoui","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2094793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2094793","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This is the first study of the diet composition of the North African freshwater crab Potamon algeriense by examining stomach contents. Crabs were collected during 1 year, October 2018 to September 2019, from Oued Zegzel, a mountain stream in the Northeast of Morocco. From a total of 72 crabs captured, only 35 males and 30 females had stomach contents that could be analyzed. Diet composition analysis was carried out using the frequency of occurrence and the percentage point methods. Stomach content analysis showed that P. algeriense was found to be an opportunistic omnivore capable of ingesting both vegetal and animal materials, with a predominance of vegetal tissues. High values of the feeding index were observed from summer to late autumn; however, lower values were recorded during the wet season.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73527680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-18DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2089570
Qiwu Jiang, I. McGaw
ABSTRACT Climate change and anthropological activities have led to an expansion of hypoxia into the natural habitat of Cancer irroratus. In this study, we examined the effects of hypoxia and food deprivation state on food intake and subsequent gastric processing. Three different techniques were used to measure food intake. The gravimetric analysis of dry food pellets was the most accurate method. In severe hypoxia (20% oxygen), rock crabs reduced food intake, and more crabs refused to eat. Compared with fasted crabs, more starved crabs tended to eat in severe hypoxia. Subsequently, prolonged gastric emptying times paralleled the previously measured postprandial oxygen consumption in hypoxia. Starved crabs also exhibited slightly longer transit times for digesta compared with fasted crabs. These results suggest that although a trade-off may occur in starved rock crabs between the need to procure nutrients and deal with hypoxic stress, impaired digestive processing may still deleteriously affect these animals.
{"title":"Effects of food deprivation state on feeding behavior and gastric evacuation of rock crabs, Cancer irroratus, during hypoxia","authors":"Qiwu Jiang, I. McGaw","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2089570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2089570","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change and anthropological activities have led to an expansion of hypoxia into the natural habitat of Cancer irroratus. In this study, we examined the effects of hypoxia and food deprivation state on food intake and subsequent gastric processing. Three different techniques were used to measure food intake. The gravimetric analysis of dry food pellets was the most accurate method. In severe hypoxia (20% oxygen), rock crabs reduced food intake, and more crabs refused to eat. Compared with fasted crabs, more starved crabs tended to eat in severe hypoxia. Subsequently, prolonged gastric emptying times paralleled the previously measured postprandial oxygen consumption in hypoxia. Starved crabs also exhibited slightly longer transit times for digesta compared with fasted crabs. These results suggest that although a trade-off may occur in starved rock crabs between the need to procure nutrients and deal with hypoxic stress, impaired digestive processing may still deleteriously affect these animals.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88033836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2047965
A. Vignatti, S. Echaniz, G. Cabrera
ABSTRACT Daphnia menucoensis is frequent in lakes of the central pampas and northern Patagonia in Argentina. It has ecological importance since its grazing on phytoplankton makes lake water transparent. As most of the information about the species comes from field studies, the objective was to determine the influence of salinity and temperature on its biology through laboratory bioassays. Treatments were carried out with 7, 12 and 17 g/L of salts at 15 and 22°C. Neonates were used and, every two days until their death, the medium was renewed; they were fed with Chlorella vulgaris, survivors and offspring were quantified and molts were measured. The optimal conditions were recorded with 12 and 7 g/L, at 15 and 22°C, respectively. In these combinations, the highest average longevity (33–35 days), number of molts (7–12), litters (2.50–4.07), offspring (27.70–26.20), and the largest specimens (> 3 mm) were recorded.
{"title":"Effects of salinity and temperature on the biology of Daphnia menucoensis Paggi, 1996 (Crustacea, Cladocera)","authors":"A. Vignatti, S. Echaniz, G. Cabrera","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2047965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2047965","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Daphnia menucoensis is frequent in lakes of the central pampas and northern Patagonia in Argentina. It has ecological importance since its grazing on phytoplankton makes lake water transparent. As most of the information about the species comes from field studies, the objective was to determine the influence of salinity and temperature on its biology through laboratory bioassays. Treatments were carried out with 7, 12 and 17 g/L of salts at 15 and 22°C. Neonates were used and, every two days until their death, the medium was renewed; they were fed with Chlorella vulgaris, survivors and offspring were quantified and molts were measured. The optimal conditions were recorded with 12 and 7 g/L, at 15 and 22°C, respectively. In these combinations, the highest average longevity (33–35 days), number of molts (7–12), litters (2.50–4.07), offspring (27.70–26.20), and the largest specimens (> 3 mm) were recorded.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88217340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2085571
S. Mallick, Heli J. Raval, R. Ghosal
In the biological world, group formation and affiliation to group members is a fascinating area of research as it contributes toward understanding the behavioral strategies of an organism (Parrish and Edelstein-Keshet 1999). Several behavioral studies on animals have been conducted to observe and understand patterns of social group formation, and to investigate the group dynamics under different ecological contexts (Rodgers et al. 2011; Gómez-Laplaza 2012). Among the vertebrate model systems, fish taxa are a popular choice to understand group living behavior (Couzin and Krause 2003). Group living in the form of shoaling and schooling behavior in fishes have been studied in depth (Camacho-Cervantes et al., 2019; Pitcher 1986; Krause et al. 2002; Couzin and Krause 2003; Sumpter et al. 2008; Huntingford and Ruiz-Gomez 2009; Gómez-Laplaza 2012; Meuthen et al. 2016), and it still remains one of the intriguing areas of research in the field of behavioral sciences (Kareklas et al. 2017; Miller 2017; Pouca and Brown 2017). A shoal is defined as an aggregation where the shoaling members maintain a nearest neighbor distance of 3–4 body lengths among each other (Clark and Evans 1954; Pitcher and Parrish 1993). Shoals are more social in nature (Pitcher 1983), and shoaling patterns are influenced by several factors, for example, size of the shoal (Krause et al. 1996), dietary preference (Morrell et al. 2007), phenotypic characteristics (Wong and Rosenthal 2005), developmental stages (Lee-Jenkins and Godin 2010), sex (Ruhl and McRobert 2005), and species identity (Griffiths and Magurran 1997) of the shoaling partners, and availability of resources (Ward et al. 2005), presence or absence of predators (Chivers et al. 1995), and even on physical properties of the aquatic habitat (Ward et al. 2007). Shoaling preferences vary across conditions (McRobert and Bradner 1998; Ward and Hart 2003), and it is generally believed that phenotypically homogenous shoals (Cattelan and Griggio 2020), for example, shoaling with conspecifics, are highly advantageous in terms of diluting predation risk and/or foraging for similar resources (Krause and Godin 1994). However, mixed-species shoaling is also common in fishes. Studies have shown that many fishes choose to shoal with either heteroor conspecifics based on the given
在生物界，群体的形成和与群体成员的联系是一个令人着迷的研究领域，因为它有助于理解生物体的行为策略(Parrish和edelstein - kesshet 1999)。为了观察和理解社会群体形成的模式，并调查不同生态环境下的群体动态，已经对动物进行了几项行为研究(Rodgers et al. 2011;Gomez-Laplaza 2012)。在脊椎动物模型系统中，鱼类分类群是理解群体生活行为的普遍选择(Couzin and Krause 2003)。以鱼群和鱼群行为形式存在的群体生活已被深入研究(camaco - cervantes et al.， 2019;投手1986;Krause et al. 2002;Couzin and Krause 2003;Sumpter et al. 2008;Huntingford and Ruiz-Gomez 2009;Gomez-Laplaza 2012;Meuthen et al. 2016)，它仍然是行为科学领域有趣的研究领域之一(Kareklas et al. 2017;米勒2017年;Pouca and Brown 2017)。浅滩被定义为一个集合，其中浅滩成员彼此之间保持3-4个身长的最近邻距离(Clark and Evans 1954;皮彻和帕里什1993)。浅滩在本质上更具社会性(Pitcher 1983)，浅滩模式受到几个因素的影响，例如，浅滩的大小(Krause et al. 1996)、饮食偏好(Morrell et al. 2007)、表型特征(Wong and Rosenthal 2005)、发育阶段(Lee-Jenkins and Godin 2010)、性别(Ruhl and McRobert 2005)、浅滩同伴的物种身份(Griffiths and Magurran 1997)和资源的可获得性(Ward et al. 2005)。捕食者的存在与否(Chivers et al. 1995)，甚至水生栖息地的物理特性(Ward et al. 2007)。不同条件下的浅滩偏好不同(mcrobert&bradner 1998;Ward and Hart 2003)，人们普遍认为，表型同质的鱼群(Cattelan and Griggio 2020)，例如，具有同种生物的鱼群在稀释捕食风险和/或觅食类似资源方面非常有利(Krause and Godin 1994)。然而，混合鱼群在鱼类中也很常见。研究表明，许多鱼类选择与异种或同种基于给定的浅滩
{"title":"Larger versus smaller heterospecifics: shoaling behavior in orange chromides, an endemic cichlid of the Indian subcontinent","authors":"S. Mallick, Heli J. Raval, R. Ghosal","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2085571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2085571","url":null,"abstract":"In the biological world, group formation and affiliation to group members is a fascinating area of research as it contributes toward understanding the behavioral strategies of an organism (Parrish and Edelstein-Keshet 1999). Several behavioral studies on animals have been conducted to observe and understand patterns of social group formation, and to investigate the group dynamics under different ecological contexts (Rodgers et al. 2011; Gómez-Laplaza 2012). Among the vertebrate model systems, fish taxa are a popular choice to understand group living behavior (Couzin and Krause 2003). Group living in the form of shoaling and schooling behavior in fishes have been studied in depth (Camacho-Cervantes et al., 2019; Pitcher 1986; Krause et al. 2002; Couzin and Krause 2003; Sumpter et al. 2008; Huntingford and Ruiz-Gomez 2009; Gómez-Laplaza 2012; Meuthen et al. 2016), and it still remains one of the intriguing areas of research in the field of behavioral sciences (Kareklas et al. 2017; Miller 2017; Pouca and Brown 2017). A shoal is defined as an aggregation where the shoaling members maintain a nearest neighbor distance of 3–4 body lengths among each other (Clark and Evans 1954; Pitcher and Parrish 1993). Shoals are more social in nature (Pitcher 1983), and shoaling patterns are influenced by several factors, for example, size of the shoal (Krause et al. 1996), dietary preference (Morrell et al. 2007), phenotypic characteristics (Wong and Rosenthal 2005), developmental stages (Lee-Jenkins and Godin 2010), sex (Ruhl and McRobert 2005), and species identity (Griffiths and Magurran 1997) of the shoaling partners, and availability of resources (Ward et al. 2005), presence or absence of predators (Chivers et al. 1995), and even on physical properties of the aquatic habitat (Ward et al. 2007). Shoaling preferences vary across conditions (McRobert and Bradner 1998; Ward and Hart 2003), and it is generally believed that phenotypically homogenous shoals (Cattelan and Griggio 2020), for example, shoaling with conspecifics, are highly advantageous in terms of diluting predation risk and/or foraging for similar resources (Krause and Godin 1994). However, mixed-species shoaling is also common in fishes. Studies have shown that many fishes choose to shoal with either heteroor conspecifics based on the given","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85257462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2022.2035223
Ashley B. Cleveland, C. Pomory
ABSTRACT Mellita tenuis occurs in large aggregations in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and are. major bioturbators of sandy environments. In this laboratory study, M. tenuis were placed in a laboratory enclosure under varying treatments (Time of Day, Size, Predatory Cues, Feeding History, Density), and video recorded for 3–4 hr. Five variables were analyzed: time in forward plus rotational movement (Movement), time in forward movement alone (Progression), time covered by sand (Covered), distance moved (Distance), and how fast they moved (Speed). There was no diel rhythm pattern found for any of the variables studied amongst Time of Day treatments. Large individuals covered less often, moving further and nearly two times faster than small individuals. Neither Feeding History nor Predatory Cues had an effect. Lower density aggregations spent more time in Movement and Progression. Both larger and smaller individuals contribute to bioturbation activitiespotentially impacting the habitat across 24 hr.
{"title":"Movement and behavior of the sand dollar Mellita tenuis (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)","authors":"Ashley B. Cleveland, C. Pomory","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2022.2035223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2022.2035223","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mellita tenuis occurs in large aggregations in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and are. major bioturbators of sandy environments. In this laboratory study, M. tenuis were placed in a laboratory enclosure under varying treatments (Time of Day, Size, Predatory Cues, Feeding History, Density), and video recorded for 3–4 hr. Five variables were analyzed: time in forward plus rotational movement (Movement), time in forward movement alone (Progression), time covered by sand (Covered), distance moved (Distance), and how fast they moved (Speed). There was no diel rhythm pattern found for any of the variables studied amongst Time of Day treatments. Large individuals covered less often, moving further and nearly two times faster than small individuals. Neither Feeding History nor Predatory Cues had an effect. Lower density aggregations spent more time in Movement and Progression. Both larger and smaller individuals contribute to bioturbation activitiespotentially impacting the habitat across 24 hr.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84565165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-17DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2021.2009344
Alex Mauricio Mopán-Chilito, María José Tovar-Gil, John F. Aristizabal, Maribel Rojas-Montoya
ABSTRACT Escape decisions to predators are influenced by aspects such as prey’s visual perspective, in which visual cues are essential to detect and react to predators. Crabs use the visual sense to detect and scaling potential threats. Here, we evaluate the escaping response of free-ranging Pacific hermit crab (Coenobita compressus) after showing them stimuli differing in size and shapes that resemble potential threats. We conducted a field experiment on 150 individuals of Pacific hermit crab. The crab’s reaction time and distance was recorded with respect to five predator models (large bird, small bird, large square, small square, and null model), additionally, the shell size of each crab was measured. We found that crab reaction time and distance are influenced by the large bird and large square models while shell size had no effect. Our results suggest that Pacific hermit crabs in this population have the ability to discriminate predators and base their escape response depending on the size and shape of the predator.
{"title":"Safe or in danger? Time and distance of reaction in hermit crabs to a risk of predation","authors":"Alex Mauricio Mopán-Chilito, María José Tovar-Gil, John F. Aristizabal, Maribel Rojas-Montoya","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2021.2009344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2021.2009344","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Escape decisions to predators are influenced by aspects such as prey’s visual perspective, in which visual cues are essential to detect and react to predators. Crabs use the visual sense to detect and scaling potential threats. Here, we evaluate the escaping response of free-ranging Pacific hermit crab (Coenobita compressus) after showing them stimuli differing in size and shapes that resemble potential threats. We conducted a field experiment on 150 individuals of Pacific hermit crab. The crab’s reaction time and distance was recorded with respect to five predator models (large bird, small bird, large square, small square, and null model), additionally, the shell size of each crab was measured. We found that crab reaction time and distance are influenced by the large bird and large square models while shell size had no effect. Our results suggest that Pacific hermit crabs in this population have the ability to discriminate predators and base their escape response depending on the size and shape of the predator.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79156375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-17DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2021.2003195
G. Barord, Mohammed Beydoun, S. Bruce, Virginia Li, P. Ward, J. Basil
ABSTRACT Species of extant nautiluses (in Nautilus and Allonautilus) have been anecdotally described as opportunistic scavengers. Here, we examine foraging and scavenging behaviors of Nautilus in field and laboratory settings. Given that nautiluses are nektobenthic, solitary animals living in resource-limited habitats, we predict that odor is the predominant cue used to locate prey. Here, we show that nautiluses display a stereotyped set of search postures in the wild. In field and laboratory trials, nautiluses displayed the same stereotyped foraging postures, suggesting it is a natural and functional reflex in nautilus, and can be replicated under controlled conditions. A series of foraging behaviors induced by olfaction is a highly desirable trait to scavenge for food in the deep-sea. Considering the recent conservation initiatives and regulations now in place to protect declining nautilus populations, understanding and describing feeding behaviors and the ecology of nautiluses are a critical component to support conservation efforts.
{"title":"Foraging and scavenging in nautilus (Nautilus sp.) L. (Cl. Cephalopoda)","authors":"G. Barord, Mohammed Beydoun, S. Bruce, Virginia Li, P. Ward, J. Basil","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2021.2003195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2021.2003195","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Species of extant nautiluses (in Nautilus and Allonautilus) have been anecdotally described as opportunistic scavengers. Here, we examine foraging and scavenging behaviors of Nautilus in field and laboratory settings. Given that nautiluses are nektobenthic, solitary animals living in resource-limited habitats, we predict that odor is the predominant cue used to locate prey. Here, we show that nautiluses display a stereotyped set of search postures in the wild. In field and laboratory trials, nautiluses displayed the same stereotyped foraging postures, suggesting it is a natural and functional reflex in nautilus, and can be replicated under controlled conditions. A series of foraging behaviors induced by olfaction is a highly desirable trait to scavenge for food in the deep-sea. Considering the recent conservation initiatives and regulations now in place to protect declining nautilus populations, understanding and describing feeding behaviors and the ecology of nautiluses are a critical component to support conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82150604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-17DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2021.1993068
Ulises Hernández-Vidal, Wilfrido M. Contreras‐Sánchez, X. Chiappa-Carrara, A. Hernández-Franyutti, M. Uribe
ABSTRACT The common snook (C. undecimalis) is a highly valuable commercial and sport fishing species in marine, estuarine, and freshwater habitats. Despite its abundance in freshwater ecosystems, the information on the reproductive biology comes mainly from studies in the marine habitat. In this work, the reproductive cycle at the gametogenic and hormonal level is addressed in specimens captured in contrasting environments interconnected by the Grijalva-Usumacinta fluvial system. Adult common snook presented a similar temporal pattern in sex steroid concentrations in both environments. Likewise, females and males were observed undergoing advanced maturity simultaneously in both environments. However, females in the freshwater environment did not reach final maturation, and no post-ovulatory follicles were found, indicating that spawn did not happen. Therefore, organisms are synchronized with gonads developing in both habitats, implying migrations of at least 300 km from the freshwater environment to the spawning grounds in the Gulf of Mexico.
{"title":"Common snook reproductive physiology in freshwater and marine environments of Mexico","authors":"Ulises Hernández-Vidal, Wilfrido M. Contreras‐Sánchez, X. Chiappa-Carrara, A. Hernández-Franyutti, M. Uribe","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2021.1993068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2021.1993068","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The common snook (C. undecimalis) is a highly valuable commercial and sport fishing species in marine, estuarine, and freshwater habitats. Despite its abundance in freshwater ecosystems, the information on the reproductive biology comes mainly from studies in the marine habitat. In this work, the reproductive cycle at the gametogenic and hormonal level is addressed in specimens captured in contrasting environments interconnected by the Grijalva-Usumacinta fluvial system. Adult common snook presented a similar temporal pattern in sex steroid concentrations in both environments. Likewise, females and males were observed undergoing advanced maturity simultaneously in both environments. However, females in the freshwater environment did not reach final maturation, and no post-ovulatory follicles were found, indicating that spawn did not happen. Therefore, organisms are synchronized with gonads developing in both habitats, implying migrations of at least 300 km from the freshwater environment to the spawning grounds in the Gulf of Mexico.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84740677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-10DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2021.1997096
C. S. Nogueira, Abner Carvalho-Batista, S.S.A. Teodoro, R. C. Costa, João Alberto Farinelli Pantaleão
ABSTRACT Fights between individuals in a population can be motivated by several factors, such as disputes over food, shelter and sexual partners. The present study aimed to evaluate the pattern of injury occurrence in the Amazon River prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum). Prawns and environmental factors were sampled monthly, from February 2012 to September 2013, in the Tietê River, São Paulo, Brazil. Individuals were classified into eight different demographic classes and analyzed macroscopically for body injuries, which were separated into four categories (0–4). From the 2,234 prawns collected, 124 presented one or more types of physical damages. The males of dominant castes presented the highest amount of injuries, suggesting that these groups get involved more frequently in disputes. Possibly, reproductive events are a strong stimulus for the occurrence of fights in freshwater prawns since the greatest amount of injuries was observed in the period of reproductive peaks.
{"title":"Body injuries in male morphotypes of the Amazon River prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum)","authors":"C. S. Nogueira, Abner Carvalho-Batista, S.S.A. Teodoro, R. C. Costa, João Alberto Farinelli Pantaleão","doi":"10.1080/10236244.2021.1997096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2021.1997096","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fights between individuals in a population can be motivated by several factors, such as disputes over food, shelter and sexual partners. The present study aimed to evaluate the pattern of injury occurrence in the Amazon River prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum). Prawns and environmental factors were sampled monthly, from February 2012 to September 2013, in the Tietê River, São Paulo, Brazil. Individuals were classified into eight different demographic classes and analyzed macroscopically for body injuries, which were separated into four categories (0–4). From the 2,234 prawns collected, 124 presented one or more types of physical damages. The males of dominant castes presented the highest amount of injuries, suggesting that these groups get involved more frequently in disputes. Possibly, reproductive events are a strong stimulus for the occurrence of fights in freshwater prawns since the greatest amount of injuries was observed in the period of reproductive peaks.","PeriodicalId":18210,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76832219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/10236244.2021.1993737
D. Wildish, S. Robinson, M. Black
ABSTRACT Locomotor activity rhythms of one hyalid and six talitrids were deterermined extending published rhythms to species in three new ecotopes previously not examined in this way: eulittoral – the hyalid, Apohyale prevosti (H. Milne Edwards 1830) with a circatidal rhythm, supralittoral/palustral – the talitrid, ‘Orchestia’ grillus Bosc 1802 and supralittoral/xylophagous talitrid, Macarorchestia remyi (Schellenberg 1950), where activity was random in both. A xylophagous-acclimated population of Platorchestia platensis (Krøyer 1845) living in a secondary ecotope also exhibited random activity. Endogenous diel rhthyms with maximum activity during darkness were present in the supralittoral wrack generalists [P. platensis and Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas 1766)] and sand-burrowing specialists [Americorchestia longicornis (Say 1818) and A. megalophthalma (Spence Bate 1862)]. The tentative order for talitrids examined here and in the literature, from high to low, in their susceptibility to passive, natural dispersal in wrack/driftwood is therefore as follows: O. gammarellus + P. platensis > O. mediterranea Costa 1853 > marsh-hoppers > sand-hoppers > driftwood-hoppers.
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