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Incorporating habitat use and life history to predict PCB residues in wild fish in an urban estuary. 结合栖息地的使用和生活史来预测城市河口野生鱼类体内的多氯联苯残留量。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117271
Joel C Hoffman, Tom Hollenhorst, Greg Peterson, Jonathon Launspach, Ellen Coffman, Lawrence Burkhard

Owing to the heterogenous distribution of contaminated sediments in urban estuaries, contaminant residues, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in fish tissue can vary widely. To investigate the relationship between PCBs in fish tissue and heterogeneity of PCBs in sediment, we developed a geospatial Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor (BSAF) model for an urban estuary. The model predicts whole fish total PCB residues at a scale of 0.1 km2 by incorporating sediment chemistry, fish home range, and habitat type. The model predicted concentrations from across the estuary ranging from 0 to 161,456 ng/g lipid. An estuary-wide (50+ km2) and a project-scale (1+ km2) field validation of the model demonstrated it produced values that were slightly skewed to low concentrations; performance improved with increased sediment data spatial coverage. We conclude this approach has potential for determining PCBs "hot spot," estimating remediation project footprints, and evaluating potential remediation improvements to the quality of a fishery.

由于城市河口受污染沉积物的异质性分布,鱼类组织中的污染物残留量(如多氯联苯 (PCB))可能会有很大差异。为了研究鱼类组织中的多氯联苯与沉积物中多氯联苯异质性之间的关系,我们为一个城市河口开发了一个地理空间生物群-沉积物累积因子(BSAF)模型。该模型结合沉积物化学成分、鱼类洄游范围和栖息地类型,预测了 0.1 平方公里范围内整条鱼的多氯联苯总残留量。该模型预测了整个河口的多氯联苯浓度,范围从 0 到 161,456 纳克/克脂质。对该模型进行了河口范围(50 多平方公里)和项目规模(1 多平方公里)的实地验证,结果表明该模型产生的数值略微偏向于低浓度;随着沉积物数据空间覆盖范围的扩大,模型的性能也有所提高。我们的结论是,这种方法在确定多氯联苯 "热点"、估算补救项目足迹以及评估潜在的补救措施对渔业质量的改善方面具有潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Unravelling environmental drivers and patterns of Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis) blooms in two ocean regions: North Atlantic and the Southeast Pacific. 揭示两个海区葡萄牙战人鱼(Physalia physalis)繁殖的环境驱动因素和模式:北大西洋和东南太平洋。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117278
Lara Colaço Martins, José Nuno Gomes-Pereira, Gisela Dionísio, Jorge Assis

Jellyfish blooms can significantly impact marine food webs, biochemical processes and human health, disrupting various economic sectors, including fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. Thus, understanding the regional drivers and patterns of jellyfish occurrence is key for developing effective management strategies. The Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis) is a hazardous, cosmopolitan siphonophore of particular concern, requiring a deeper ecological understanding to effectively guide mitigation efforts. Our study reveals that the occurrence of P. physalis in both the North Atlantic (Azores, Portugal) and the Southeast Pacific (Australian East Coast) is driven by region-specific wind patterns and increased primary productivity (>30 % model contribution), with warming conditions emerging as an additional occurrence driver on the Australian East Coast (∼20 % model contribution). These insights resulted from machine learning models (Boosted Regression Trees) trained with high-resolution environmental data against field data describing the temporal variability of P. physalis occurrence (North Atlantic: 2008-2021; Southeast Pacific: 2016-2020). The models achieved excellent predictive performance (AUC North Atlantic: 1.00; AUC Southeast Pacific: 0.92) and allowed hindcasting occurrences over 30 years, uncovering contrasting trends between the two regions, with decadal fluctuations in the Azores and a significant increase in occurrence over time on the Australian East Coast. Overall, we provide a better understanding of the drivers and patterns of P. physalis occurrence, which can support the development of coastal management strategies. Importantly, the anticipated changes in productivity and temperature conditions in both regions may result in increased blooms in the years to come, further exerting impacts on the ecosystems, human health, and the economy.

水母水华会严重影响海洋食物网、生化过程和人类健康,扰乱渔业、水产养殖业和旅游业等多个经济部门。因此,了解水母发生的区域驱动因素和模式是制定有效管理策略的关键。葡萄牙战人水母(Physalia physalis)是一种危险的世界性虹吸藻类,尤其值得关注。我们的研究发现,葡萄牙虹吸藻在北大西洋(葡萄牙亚速尔群岛)和东南太平洋(澳大利亚东海岸)的出现是由特定区域的风型和初级生产力增加(模型贡献率大于 30%)驱动的,而气候变暖是澳大利亚东海岸出现的另一个驱动因素(模型贡献率∼20%)。这些洞察力来自机器学习模型(提升回归树),该模型利用高分辨率环境数据和描述 P. physalis 发生时间变化的实地数据(北大西洋:2008-2021 年;东南太平洋:2016-2020 年)进行训练。这些模型具有出色的预测性能(北大西洋的 AUC:1.00;东南太平洋的 AUC:0.92),可对 30 年的发生情况进行后向预测,发现了两个地区之间的对比趋势,亚速尔群岛的发生率呈十年波动,而澳大利亚东海岸的发生率则随着时间的推移显著增加。总之,我们对 P. physalis 出现的驱动因素和模式有了更好的了解,这有助于制定海岸管理策略。重要的是,这两个地区生产力和温度条件的预期变化可能会导致未来几年藻华的增加,进一步对生态系统、人类健康和经济产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
Very low sulfur fuel oil spilled from the MV Wakashio in 2020 remains in sediments in a Mauritius mangrove ecosystem nearly three years after the grounding. 2020 年 "若汐号 "轮泄漏的极低硫燃油在搁浅近三年后仍残留在毛里求斯红树林生态系统的沉积物中。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117283
Alan G Scarlett, Robert K Nelson, Marthe Monique Gagnon, Christopher M Reddy, Kliti Grice

The oil spill resulting from the grounding of the MV Wakashio on a reef off the coast of Mauritius in July 2020 was the world's first major spillage of Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO) since the implementation of a Global Sulfur Cap from January 2020. In this study, we examine sediments collected in March 2023 from two Mauritius mangrove systems. Analyses by both gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography confirmed, by comparison of molecular biomarkers, the presence of Wakashio VLSFO in one of the mangrove systems. The spilled oil had undergone extensive weathering resulting in substantial losses of toxic mono- and polycyclic aromatic compounds. Applying WebGNOME-ADIOS oil spill models to compare the fate of Wakashio VLSFO with traditional fuels suggests that more of the VLSFO would evaporate, naturally disperse, and undergo sedimentation compared to traditional fuels that were more likely to remain floating.

2020 年 7 月,"MV Wakashio "号轮船在毛里求斯海岸的礁石上搁浅导致漏油,这是自 2020 年 1 月实施全球硫含量上限以来世界上首次大规模泄漏超低硫燃油(VLSFO)。在本研究中,我们研究了 2023 年 3 月从毛里求斯两个红树林系统收集的沉积物。通过气相色谱-质谱法和综合二维气相色谱法的分析,并通过分子生物标记物的比较,证实了其中一个红树林系统中存在 Wakashio VLSFO。泄漏的油类经过大量风化,导致有毒的单环和多环芳烃化合物大量流失。应用 WebGNOME-ADIOS 溢油模型来比较若狭长链有机烯烃与传统燃料的归宿表明,与更有可能保持漂浮状态的传统燃料相比,更多的长链有机烯烃会蒸发、自然消散和沉积。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of water quality in the shallow coastal waters of the Persian Gulf 波斯湾浅海水域水质调查
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117263
Hossein Barkhordar , Gholamreza Mohammadpour , Smaeyl Hassanzadeh , Hajar Karemi
Advanced satellite technology and algorithms are making substantial progress in meeting the need for improved environmental monitoring of coastal waterways. Integrating high-resolution satellites with in-situ radiometric equipment is essential for effectively monitoring algal blooms and managing coastal resources. Our work has built a model to examine geographical and temporal fluctuations in chlorophyll-a concentration in Bushehr Bay, Persian Gulf, Iran, using radiometric data and high-resolution remote sensing. In this study, we used twenty-four bio-optical features for analysis. After evaluating and selecting the most important features, we used the top five features to estimate chlorophyll-a concentration using machine learning algorithms. Likewise, the model could effectively investigate our climatology of chlorophyll in the study area. Our findings provide a dependable approach to monitor the environmental effect of chlorophyll-a and enhance water quality and regional management of primary production in coastal waters. This proposed proxy may be implemented in comparable places globally.
先进的卫星技术和算法在满足改善沿岸水道环境监测的需求方面正在取得重大进展。将高分辨率卫星与现场辐射测量设备相结合,对于有效监测藻华和管理沿海资源至关重要。我们的工作建立了一个模型,利用辐射测量数据和高分辨率遥感技术,研究伊朗波斯湾布什尔湾叶绿素-a 浓度的地理和时间波动。在这项研究中,我们使用了二十四个生物光学特征进行分析。在评估和筛选出最重要的特征后,我们利用机器学习算法对前五个特征进行了叶绿素-a 浓度估算。同样,该模型也能有效研究研究区域的叶绿素气候。我们的研究结果为监测叶绿素-a 对环境的影响提供了一种可靠的方法,并能提高沿海水域的水质和区域初级生产管理水平。这种拟议的替代方法可在全球类似地区实施。
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引用次数: 0
Challenges to and importance of considering early and intermediate ontogenetic stages in mangrove forest recovery and restoration 在红树林恢复和复原过程中考虑早期和中期本体阶段的挑战和重要性
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117287
Taylor M. Sloey , Sean P. Charles , Lin Xiong , Edward Castañeda-Moya , Erik S. Yando , David Lagomasino
Early to intermediate ontogenetic stages of trees are important in forest regeneration. However, these critical life stages are often overlooked due to survey intensity and impracticality and/or disinterest in characterizing early life stage cohorts. This problem is particularly pervasive in mangrove forests where visibility of smaller stature trees may be limited by tidal flooding and younger cohorts are particularly vulnerable to changing hydrologic and biogeochemical conditions driven by climate change. Lacking data on early life stages in mangrove forests makes it difficult to predict ecosystem degradation and inform habitat resilience and restoration in one of the earth's most valuable blue carbon ecosystems. We identify challenges to collecting empirical data on early to intermediate age classes in mangroves and provide solutions to characterizing these cohorts. We emphasize the importance of gathering these data for improved understanding of forest regeneration dynamics and provide multi-scalar solutions to quantify vegetation structure of mangrove forest.
树木的早期和中期个体发育阶段对森林再生非常重要。然而,由于调查强度大、不切实际和/或对描述早期生命阶段群落的特征不感兴趣,这些关键的生命阶段往往被忽视。这一问题在红树林中尤为普遍,因为潮汐洪水可能会限制对较矮树木的观察,而较年轻的树木群组尤其容易受到气候变化导致的水文和生物地球化学条件变化的影响。由于缺乏红树林早期生命阶段的数据,因此很难预测生态系统退化,也很难为地球上最宝贵的蓝碳生态系统之一的栖息地恢复和复原提供信息。我们指出了收集红树林早中期龄级实证数据所面临的挑战,并提供了描述这些龄级特征的解决方案。我们强调了收集这些数据对于更好地了解森林再生动态的重要性,并提供了量化红树林植被结构的多尺度解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Pollution status and assessment of seven heavy metals in the seawater and sediments of Hangzhou Bay, China 中国杭州湾海水和沉积物中七种重金属的污染状况及评估。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117261
Rong Zhu , Yan-Yan Zeng , Li-Min Liu , Lu Yin , Kai-Ping Xu , Wei-Feng Chen , Shang-Chun Li , Xiao-Feng Zhou
Hangzhou Bay, one of the fastest economy and population growth region in China, was heavily polluted by a large amounts of industrial waste water and domestic sewage containing harmful heavy metal pollutants. To investigate the status of heavy metals pollution and assess the ecological risks in Hangzhou Bay, seven heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg and As) concentrations of water and sediments were analyzed. Heavy metals concentrations in sediments close to the estuarine coast and nearshore area were higher than that in other areas. Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and As in sediments might have extensive homologies and originate from the petroleum industry. The pollutions of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and As in seawater and sediment were very light or no pollution. Both in seawater and sediments, the Hg contamination was the most serious among the measured seven heavy metals and should be paid more attention.
杭州湾是中国经济和人口增长最快的地区之一,大量含有有害重金属污染物的工业废水和生活污水严重污染了杭州湾。为调查杭州湾重金属污染状况并评估其生态风险,对水体和沉积物中的七种重金属(铜、锌、铅、镉、铬、汞和砷)浓度进行了分析。靠近河口海岸和近岸区域沉积物中的重金属浓度高于其他区域。沉积物中的铜、锌、铅、镉、铬和砷可能具有广泛的同源性,来源于石油工业。海水和沉积物中的铜、锌、铅、镉、铬和砷的污染程度很轻或没有污染。在海水和沉积物中,汞的污染在所测得的七种重金属中最为严重,应引起更多关注。
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引用次数: 0
Heavy metals in the continuous river−estuary−sea system of the Yellow River Delta, China: Spatial patterns, potential sources, and influencing factors 中国黄河三角洲河流-河口-海洋连续系统中的重金属:空间模式、潜在来源和影响因素。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117247
Jie Li , Wanting Wang , Xinlei Li , Sen Liu , Xuming Xu , Yinglan A. , Shilong Ren
Present study investigated heavy metal pollution in the continuous upper river−estuary−sea systems of the Yellow River Delta (YRD). Significant seasonal differences (p < 0.05) for the heavy metal overall profile were observed, although there were no significant spatial variations among the different water bodies. Positive matrix factorization indicated that heavy metals primarily originated from anthropogenic activities (e.g., oil field development, mining, and agricultural activities). Chemical oxygen demand, water temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and salinity influenced the distribution of heavy metals in water. The NO3 and total phosphorus concentrations were the main influencing factors in sediment, with both showing positive correlations with all heavy metals. Furthermore, low ecological risks were observed for sediment based on the values of the ecological risk and potential ecological risk indexes in the YRD. This study will assist with the effective control and management of heavy metal pollution in a continuous river−estuary−sea system.
本研究调查了黄河三角洲(YRD)连续上游河-河口-海系统的重金属污染情况。显著的季节差异(p 3-)和总磷浓度是沉积物的主要影响因素,二者与所有重金属均呈正相关。此外,根据长三角地区的生态风险和潜在生态风险指数值,沉积物的生态风险较低。这项研究将有助于有效控制和管理河流-河口-海洋连续系统中的重金属污染。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying and quantifying multiple pollution sources in estuaries using fluorescence spectra and gradient-based deep learning 利用荧光光谱和基于梯度的深度学习识别和量化河口的多种污染源。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117254
Zhuangming Zhao , Min Xu , Yu Yan , Shibo Yan , Qiaoyun Lin , Juan Xu , Jing Yang , Zhonghan Chen
This study developed an intelligent method for identifying and quantifying water pollution sources in estuarine areas. It characterized the excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra from seven end-members, including seawater, rainwater, and five pollution sources typical of these areas. A deep learning model was established to identify and quantify these pollution sources in mixed water bodies. The model was fed either the original EEM or a combined EEM and gradient input. The results indicated that the combined input enhanced classification and quantification accuracy; Although model accuracy declined with an increasing number of mixed pollution sources, the combined input still improved classification accuracy by 3.1 % to 6.8 %; When the proportion of rainwater and seawater was below 70 %, the model maintained a classification accuracy of 57.4 % with original input and 61.3 % with combined input, with root mean square error values for the pollution source proportion being 12.2 % and 11.4 %, respectively.
本研究开发了一种智能方法,用于识别和量化河口地区的水污染源。该方法对海水、雨水和这些地区典型的五种污染源等七种终端成分的激发-发射矩阵(EEM)荧光光谱进行了表征。建立了一个深度学习模型,用于识别和量化混合水体中的这些污染源。该模型输入了原始 EEM 或 EEM 与梯度输入的组合。结果表明,组合输入提高了分类和量化精度;虽然模型精度随着混合污染源数量的增加而下降,但组合输入仍将分类精度提高了3.1%至6.8%;当雨水和海水的比例低于70%时,原始输入的模型分类精度保持在57.4%,组合输入的模型分类精度保持在61.3%,污染源比例的均方根误差值分别为12.2%和11.4%。
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引用次数: 0
Suspended sediment and reduced salinity decrease development success of early stages of Acropora tumida and Platygyra carnosa in a turbid coral habitat, Hong Kong 悬浮沉积物和盐度降低降低了香港浊珊瑚栖息地中 Acropora tumida 和 Platygyra carnosa 早期阶段的发育成功率。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117255
Taison Ka Tai Chang , Billy Chun Ting Cheung , Justin Chi Ho Leong , Gerard F. Ricardo , Jenny Tsz Ching Chan , James Kar Hei Fang , Peter J. Mumby , Apple Pui Yi Chui
Suspended sediment and salinity stresses may escalate under climate change in inshore turbid habitats. We test whether fertilization and embryonic development of Acropora tumida and Platygyra carnosa are less prone to both stressors in turbid coral habitats compared to thresholds reported in literature for species found in clear water reefs. Under optimal sperm concentration (106 sperm mL−1), fertilization of A. tumida declined by 50 % when exposed to combined sediment (92 mg L−1) and salinity stresses. However, these stressors had no significant impact on P. carnosa. We found ∼20- and ∼ 7-fold increases in abnormal embryos for A. tumida and P. carnosa, respectively, under combined stressors. Furthermore, silicon-rich terrestrial-originated sediment caused 50 % larval mortality for A. tumida at a lower concentration of 53 mg L−1. We showed that climate change-related salinity and sediment stresses may hinder coral reproduction and challenge coral recovery, questioning the coral survival in nearshore turbid habitats.
在近岸浑浊生境中,悬浮沉积物和盐度压力可能会随着气候变化而增加。与文献报道的清水珊瑚礁物种的阈值相比,我们测试了在浑浊珊瑚栖息地,瘤鲷和肉鳃桔珊瑚的受精和胚胎发育是否更不易受到这两种压力的影响。在最佳精子浓度(106 个精子 mL-1)条件下,当受到沉积物(92 mg L-1)和盐度的双重胁迫时,瘤珊瑚的受精率下降了 50%。然而,这些胁迫因素对卡诺萨鱼(P. carnosa)没有明显影响。我们发现,在联合胁迫条件下,瘤鲤和肉鲤的异常胚胎数量分别增加了 20 倍和 7 倍。此外,在 53 mg L-1 的较低浓度下,富含硅的陆源沉积物会导致瘤鲤幼虫死亡 50%。我们的研究表明,与气候变化相关的盐度和沉积物胁迫可能会阻碍珊瑚的繁殖,并对珊瑚的恢复构成挑战,从而影响珊瑚在近岸浑浊生境中的生存。
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引用次数: 0
Long-term water quality assessment in coastal and inland waters: An ensemble machine-learning approach using satellite data 沿海和内陆水域的长期水质评估:利用卫星数据的集合机器学习方法。
IF 5.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117036
Murugan Karthick , Palanisamy Shanmugam , Gurunathan Saravana Kumar
<div><div>Accurate estimation of coastal and in-land water quality parameters is important for managing water resources and meeting the demand of sustainable development goals. The water quality monitoring based on discrete water sample analysis is limited to specific locations and becomes less effective to offer a synoptic view of the water quality variability at different spatial and temporal scales. The optical remote sensing techniques have proved their ability to provide a comprehensive and synoptic view of water quality parameters. In conjugation with other products, the optical remote sensing data products can be utilized for the effective management of water bodies while addressing the socio-economic issues faced by local governments and states. In recent years, multiple machine-learning (ML) models have been reported on the estimation of water quality using remote sensing data, but their performance is limited when extended to diverse water types within coastal and inland water environments. In this study, we present an ensemble machine-learning model for estimating the primary water quality parameters in coastal and inland waters, such as Chlorophyll-a (Chl-<em>a</em>) concentration, colored dissolved organic matter (<span><math><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>CDOM</mi></msub><mspace></mspace><mfenced><mn>440</mn></mfenced></math></span>), and Turbidity. It utilizes the in-situ measurements to train and optimize the ensemble machine-learning models for the spectral measurements data (400–700 nm) provided by MODIS-Aqua, Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument (MSI), and PlanetScope (Planet). To develop the prediction models, these in-situ measurements data were split into two parts: a training dataset (70 %) and a testing dataset (30 %). The ensemble machine-learning models were validated using the 5-fold cross-validation method. These models were trained and tested against distinct datasets encompassing a broad range of variations in water quality parameters collected from open ocean, coastal and inland waters. The validation results demonstrated a superior performance of the present ensemble ML models compared to other ML models (Chl-<em>a</em>: R<sup>2</sup> = 0.96, RMSE = 4.93, MAE = 2.89; <span><math><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>CDOM</mi></msub><mspace></mspace><mfenced><mn>440</mn></mfenced></math></span>: R<sup>2</sup> = 0.93, RMSE = 0.057, MAE = 0.025; Turbidity: R<sup>2</sup> = 0.95, RMSE = 4.52, MAE = 1.009). To realize the importance of this study, the ensemble ML models were applied to MODIS-Aqua monthly composite measurements from 2003 to 2022 and captured pronounced seasonal variations in water quality parameters (WQP) and Water Quality Index (WQI). For instance, in the Gulf of Khambhat, turbidity decreased at an annual average rate of ∼0.08 NTU and Chl-<em>a</em> increased at an annual average rate of ∼0.004 mg m<sup>−3</sup> for the past 20 years. Furthermore, we investigated the occurrences of <em>Noctiluca scintillans</em> (here after <em>N. s
准确估算沿岸和内陆水质参数对于管理水资源和满足可持续发展目标的要求非常重要。以离散水样分析为基础的水质监测仅限于特定地点,对不同时空尺度上水质变化的综合观测效果较差。光学遥感技术已证明有能力提供全面的水质参数综合视图。光学遥感数据产品与其他产品相结合,可用于有效管理水体,同时解决地方政府和国家面临的社会经济问题。近年来,利用遥感数据估算水质的机器学习(ML)模型层出不穷,但当这些模型扩展到沿海和内陆水域环境中的不同水体类型时,其性能就受到了限制。在本研究中,我们提出了一种集合机器学习模型,用于估算沿海和内陆水域的主要水质参数,如叶绿素-a(Chl-a)浓度、有色溶解有机物(aCDOM440)和浊度。它利用现场测量数据来训练和优化由 MODIS-Aqua、哨兵-2 多光谱仪器(MSI)和 PlanetScope(Planet)提供的光谱测量数据(400-700 nm)的集合机器学习模型。为了开发预测模型,这些现场测量数据被分成两部分:训练数据集(70%)和测试数据集(30%)。使用 5 倍交叉验证法对集合机器学习模型进行验证。这些模型是根据从公海、沿海和内陆水域收集的水质参数变化范围广泛的不同数据集进行训练和测试的。验证结果表明,与其他 ML 模型相比,本集合 ML 模型性能优越(Chl-a:R2 = 0.96, RMSE = 4.93, MAE = 2.89; aCDOM440:R2=0.93,RMSE=0.057,MAE=0.025;浊度:R2=0.95,RMSE=4.52,MAE=1.009)。为了认识这项研究的重要性,将集合 ML 模型应用于 2003 年至 2022 年的 MODIS-Aqua 月度综合测量,捕捉到了水质参数(WQP)和水质指数(WQI)的明显季节性变化。例如,在过去 20 年中,坎布哈特湾的浊度以年均 ∼0.08 NTU 的速率下降,而 Chl-a 则以年均 ∼0.004 mg m-3 的速率上升。此外,我们还调查了 2019 年至 2021 年期间印度马纳尔湾泰米尔纳德邦东南海岸曼达帕姆的鳍鱼网箱养殖点附近藻华(以下简称 "藻华")的发生情况,作为有害藻华(HAB)事件的记录。利用 Muthupet 泻湖(咸水)和 Adyar 河(城市河流)内陆浑浊水域的 Planet 图像以及 Chilika 泻湖的 MSI 图像,进一步证明了集合模型的性能。事实证明,所提议的集合 ML 模型是准确估算 WQP 和 WQI 产品以及捕捉区域和全球水域空间和时间变化的有效方法,是沿海和内陆水环境可持续发展和管理的重要工具。
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Marine pollution bulletin
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