Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00099
F. Arslan, C. Çelik, C. Arslan
Today, recycling and recovery of valuable metals from all sorts of waste are the most commonly discussed and heavily researched fields. One of the main reasons of this is both the global warming and ever increasing amounts of waste and scrap material. Severe regulations and legislations are passed in developed countries’ parliaments in order to recycle the produced goods when their economic lives are over. A steady decrease is observed in our natural resources due to changes in our habits of consumption, in parallel to the increasing world population. Therefore, recycling of valuable waste by decreasing the amount of material consumed constitutes an important agenda.1 Changes in the habits of consumption cause the formation of various sorts of waste material. One of those various waste materials is “electronic equipment waste”, briefly addressed as e-waste. Due to the unprecedented development of today’s technologies, electronic equipments which have faster, more efficient, more stylish, and more economical marketing trends will be either incapable of working in one or six-year-period or repairing them will be more costly than their new ones. Thus, the electronic equipment once bought with a high price, will be either given away to the scrap dealers or thrown out to the garbage unconsciously, as the developing technology is presented more economically. That is how the problem of modern age, e-waste, was born.2 It is obvious that our natural resources are limited and will be shortly exhausted unless properly used. Developed countries which realized that the resources were being jeopardized by the energy crisis, conducted research and developed methods for collecting and recycling wastes, in order to prevent the extravagance and conserve the natural resources. With this in mind, the member countries of the European Economic Community regulated that the recycling of electronic equipments’ wastes an imperative action. By the same token, the infrastructure work is being conducted in Turkey and some important arrangements are being accomplished.3 In a general sense, recycling concept is actually transforming the waste to secondary raw material by some physical and chemical processes and re-joining to the production process.4 Waste cable recycling is widely utilized both in Turkey and in the world. Waste cables are important source raw material in terms of their non-ferrous metal content. In Germany alone, about 150.000tons of waste cable is generated annually. Cables that materialize as a result of repairs, telephone line cables, or cables that are produced defectively are some them. Numerous varieties exist in isolation materials, other than the copper, aluminum, lead, and steel; namely, PE and rubber coatings, various kinds PVC’s, woven plastics, etc.1 Environment and Forestry Ministry of Turkey published a legislation regarding the collecting, recycling, and proper disposal of e-wastes. As of 1 July 2012, producers will be responsible for financing
{"title":"Recycling of waste electrical cables","authors":"F. Arslan, C. Çelik, C. Arslan","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00099","url":null,"abstract":"Today, recycling and recovery of valuable metals from all sorts of waste are the most commonly discussed and heavily researched fields. One of the main reasons of this is both the global warming and ever increasing amounts of waste and scrap material. Severe regulations and legislations are passed in developed countries’ parliaments in order to recycle the produced goods when their economic lives are over. A steady decrease is observed in our natural resources due to changes in our habits of consumption, in parallel to the increasing world population. Therefore, recycling of valuable waste by decreasing the amount of material consumed constitutes an important agenda.1 Changes in the habits of consumption cause the formation of various sorts of waste material. One of those various waste materials is “electronic equipment waste”, briefly addressed as e-waste. Due to the unprecedented development of today’s technologies, electronic equipments which have faster, more efficient, more stylish, and more economical marketing trends will be either incapable of working in one or six-year-period or repairing them will be more costly than their new ones. Thus, the electronic equipment once bought with a high price, will be either given away to the scrap dealers or thrown out to the garbage unconsciously, as the developing technology is presented more economically. That is how the problem of modern age, e-waste, was born.2 It is obvious that our natural resources are limited and will be shortly exhausted unless properly used. Developed countries which realized that the resources were being jeopardized by the energy crisis, conducted research and developed methods for collecting and recycling wastes, in order to prevent the extravagance and conserve the natural resources. With this in mind, the member countries of the European Economic Community regulated that the recycling of electronic equipments’ wastes an imperative action. By the same token, the infrastructure work is being conducted in Turkey and some important arrangements are being accomplished.3 In a general sense, recycling concept is actually transforming the waste to secondary raw material by some physical and chemical processes and re-joining to the production process.4 Waste cable recycling is widely utilized both in Turkey and in the world. Waste cables are important source raw material in terms of their non-ferrous metal content. In Germany alone, about 150.000tons of waste cable is generated annually. Cables that materialize as a result of repairs, telephone line cables, or cables that are produced defectively are some them. Numerous varieties exist in isolation materials, other than the copper, aluminum, lead, and steel; namely, PE and rubber coatings, various kinds PVC’s, woven plastics, etc.1 Environment and Forestry Ministry of Turkey published a legislation regarding the collecting, recycling, and proper disposal of e-wastes. As of 1 July 2012, producers will be responsible for financing ","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89284497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00101
C. Ríos-Reyes, Erika Daniela Nunez-Alarcon, Laura Sofia Puentes-Arguello, Juan Camilo BarriosLopez, L. Moreno-González, J. A. H. Martínez
Thousands of victims of medical errors exist in the clinical realm.1,2 Scientific work on archaeological ceramics based on the examination of ware shape, style, color, decoration and overall fabric, provide a wealth of information concerning typological and functional issues, chronology and provenance.1 In this context, ceramic technology has been a universal reference in archaeological studies to study different societies of the past and even consider relations of cultural and commercial exchange between continents.1,2 Several instrumental analytical techniques are applied to the study of ancient ceramics that allows peering ever more deeply into the frequently unsolved mysteries of their origin, manufacture and lifecycle. This means that the geological and chemical techniques encourage new scientific dialogues with the purpose of addressing archaeological questions of great scientific impact, whose objective is to solve the cultural identity of the ethnic group that makes the ceramic vessels, the origin of the pottery and its possibility of commercial exchange, manufacturing processes and chains and their relationship of archaeological context, whether funerary, daily, economic or the symbolic character associated with power and achieved through commercial exchange, etc. These techniques include X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,1 X-ray diffraction,3,4 scanning electron microscopy,5 infrared and Raman spectroscopy,6‒9 high-resolution X-ray microtomography10 or gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy.11 However, the selection of the suitable analysis method should be based on the type, form and amount of sample to be analyzed.9 Archaeological analysis of ceramic technology and its socio-economic, cultural and historical scope, contrasted with data from geosciences, in addition to its documentation value,12,13 allows qualifying archaeological inferences based on the understanding of the attributes of the raw materials used for the manufacture of ceramic artifacts14,15 and the technology involved in the manufacturing process,16,17 which may reveal significant information about the provenance of the raw materials with which the ceramic artifacts were manufactured.18 The presence or absence of certain mineral phases provides information regarding the firing conditions in terms of both temperature and atmosphere used during pottery production.19 The archaeological problem of northern South America, has a central point that is the ethnic identification of agro-pottery societies through the technical study of its pottery production, which passes through the movements of populations and the occupation of the territory of northeastern Colombia in pre-Hispanic eras. The aim of this work was investigate an ancient pottery from the La Candelaria archaeological site, Santa Helena del Opón, Santander (Colombia), with analytical techniques which currently are being routinely used, to assess the relationship between the composition of the different pastes into the p
在临床领域有成千上万的医疗事故受害者。1,2考古陶瓷的科学工作基于对陶器形状、风格、颜色、装饰和整体结构的研究，提供了丰富的关于类型和功能问题、年代和来源的信息在这种背景下，陶瓷技术一直是考古研究的普遍参考，以研究过去不同的社会，甚至考虑大陆之间的文化和商业交流关系。几种仪器分析技术被应用于古代陶瓷的研究，使人们能够更深入地了解它们的起源、制造和生命周期等经常未解之谜。这意味着地质和化学技术鼓励新的科学对话，其目的是解决具有重大科学影响的考古问题，其目标是解决制造陶瓷容器的民族的文化认同，陶器的起源及其商业交换的可能性，制造过程和链以及它们与考古背景的关系，无论是丧葬，日常，与权力相关的经济或象征性的特征，通过商业交换等获得。这些技术包括x射线荧光光谱、x射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、红外和拉曼光谱、6-9高分辨率x射线显微层析或气相色谱-质谱但是，分析方法的选择应根据待分析样品的种类、形式和数量而定对陶瓷技术及其社会经济、文化和历史范围的考古分析，与地球科学数据进行对比，除了它的文献价值之外，12,13还允许基于对用于制造陶瓷制品的原材料属性的理解，以及制造过程中所涉及的技术，16,17进行合格的考古推断，这可能揭示有关制造陶瓷制品的原材料来源的重要信息某些矿物相的存在或不存在提供了有关陶器生产过程中所用温度和气氛的烧制条件的信息南美洲北部的考古问题有一个中心点，那就是通过对其陶器生产的技术研究来确定农业陶器社会的种族，这种陶器生产通过人口流动和前西班牙时代对哥伦比亚东北部领土的占领来进行。这项工作的目的是研究来自桑坦德(哥伦比亚)Santa Helena del Opón的La Candelaria考古遗址的古代陶器，使用目前常规使用的分析技术，评估陶器碎片中不同糊状成分及其分类之间的关系，估计可能的烧制温度范围，评估当地制造陶器的假设。
{"title":"Mineralogical characterization of an ancient pottery from the la Candelaria archaeological site, Santa Helena del Opón, Santander (Colombia)","authors":"C. Ríos-Reyes, Erika Daniela Nunez-Alarcon, Laura Sofia Puentes-Arguello, Juan Camilo BarriosLopez, L. Moreno-González, J. A. H. Martínez","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00101","url":null,"abstract":"Thousands of victims of medical errors exist in the clinical realm.1,2 Scientific work on archaeological ceramics based on the examination of ware shape, style, color, decoration and overall fabric, provide a wealth of information concerning typological and functional issues, chronology and provenance.1 In this context, ceramic technology has been a universal reference in archaeological studies to study different societies of the past and even consider relations of cultural and commercial exchange between continents.1,2 Several instrumental analytical techniques are applied to the study of ancient ceramics that allows peering ever more deeply into the frequently unsolved mysteries of their origin, manufacture and lifecycle. This means that the geological and chemical techniques encourage new scientific dialogues with the purpose of addressing archaeological questions of great scientific impact, whose objective is to solve the cultural identity of the ethnic group that makes the ceramic vessels, the origin of the pottery and its possibility of commercial exchange, manufacturing processes and chains and their relationship of archaeological context, whether funerary, daily, economic or the symbolic character associated with power and achieved through commercial exchange, etc. These techniques include X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,1 X-ray diffraction,3,4 scanning electron microscopy,5 infrared and Raman spectroscopy,6‒9 high-resolution X-ray microtomography10 or gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy.11 However, the selection of the suitable analysis method should be based on the type, form and amount of sample to be analyzed.9 Archaeological analysis of ceramic technology and its socio-economic, cultural and historical scope, contrasted with data from geosciences, in addition to its documentation value,12,13 allows qualifying archaeological inferences based on the understanding of the attributes of the raw materials used for the manufacture of ceramic artifacts14,15 and the technology involved in the manufacturing process,16,17 which may reveal significant information about the provenance of the raw materials with which the ceramic artifacts were manufactured.18 The presence or absence of certain mineral phases provides information regarding the firing conditions in terms of both temperature and atmosphere used during pottery production.19 The archaeological problem of northern South America, has a central point that is the ethnic identification of agro-pottery societies through the technical study of its pottery production, which passes through the movements of populations and the occupation of the territory of northeastern Colombia in pre-Hispanic eras. The aim of this work was investigate an ancient pottery from the La Candelaria archaeological site, Santa Helena del Opón, Santander (Colombia), with analytical techniques which currently are being routinely used, to assess the relationship between the composition of the different pastes into the p","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74576027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00114
Ana Maria Coulon Grisa, Marco Canale Sirena, A. Zini, L. R. Brancher, M. Zeni, M. F. Nunes
Taking into account sustainable development concept spread at the end of the 20th century, new composite materials are introduced in modern countries to promote wood and plastic waste.1 Thermal insulation plays an important role in contributing to the energy savings in the building by heat gains and losses through the building envelope.2 A study reported that effective building insulation alone will save over one hundred times the impacts of carbon foot print from material usage and disposal, irrespectively of the materials used.3 In all countries, regardless of their level of development, wood and Poly (vinyl) chloride (PVC), in civil construction, generate significant amounts of waste without an ecological destination.1 PVC represents a promising source of raw material for the development of composites, especially because of the large volume and low cost of this material.4 These composites have several advantages, including low cost, low density, low manufacturing energy, compared to other thermoplastic polymer composites. 5
{"title":"Characterization of non-structural poly (vinyl) chloride, rock wool and medium density fiberboard waste composites","authors":"Ana Maria Coulon Grisa, Marco Canale Sirena, A. Zini, L. R. Brancher, M. Zeni, M. F. Nunes","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00114","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account sustainable development concept spread at the end of the 20th century, new composite materials are introduced in modern countries to promote wood and plastic waste.1 Thermal insulation plays an important role in contributing to the energy savings in the building by heat gains and losses through the building envelope.2 A study reported that effective building insulation alone will save over one hundred times the impacts of carbon foot print from material usage and disposal, irrespectively of the materials used.3 In all countries, regardless of their level of development, wood and Poly (vinyl) chloride (PVC), in civil construction, generate significant amounts of waste without an ecological destination.1 PVC represents a promising source of raw material for the development of composites, especially because of the large volume and low cost of this material.4 These composites have several advantages, including low cost, low density, low manufacturing energy, compared to other thermoplastic polymer composites. 5","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74879230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00094
Jinwu Kang
Selective laser melting (SLM), one of the main additive manufacturing techniques for metal materials, owns a series advantages in the fabrication of complex components with high precision and short procedure.1–4 It is being widely used in aero plane, aerospace, medical equipments and automotive industries. Fabrication of nickel based super alloy Inconel 718 by SLM is one of the most active research areas in additive manufacturing. The researches focus on the investigation of effect of fabrication parameters on the pore defect, microstructure and mechanical properties. The scanning speed and input power of laser beam are two key factors for the quality of parts. Qiu et al.,5 found that the laser power was in a positive relationship with the fabrication capability of strut diameter while the laser scanning speed had the nonlinearly inverse effect. Wu et al.,6 concluded that reducing the scanning speed and increasing the laser power could effectively increase the amount of remelting and make dense parts. Deng et al.,7 found that the SL Med Inconel 718 specimen had fine cellular-dendrites and relatively weak texture. Vertically built samples showed lower tensile strength but higher ductility than horizontally built samples, which may be caused by their different levels of residual stress and numbers of dislocations. Mclouth et al.,8 found that the laser focal shift used in SLM can change the microstructural morphology by altering the laser’s interaction with the material. Strossner et al.,9 observed niobium micro segregation in the dendritic microstructure. Chlebus et al.,10 found the as-built specimens was characterized by columnar grains of supersaturated solid solution with internal micro segregation of Nb and Mo. In this paper, the effect of laser power and scanning speed on the pore defection, microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 samples were investigated.
选择性激光熔化(SLM)是金属材料增材制造的主要技术之一，在制造复杂部件方面具有精度高、工序短的一系列优势。1-4广泛应用于航空、航天、医疗设备、汽车等行业。用SLM法制备镍基高温合金Inconel 718是增材制造中最活跃的研究领域之一。重点研究了制备工艺参数对孔隙缺陷、微观结构和力学性能的影响。激光束的扫描速度和输入功率是影响零件质量的两个关键因素。Qiu等人，5发现激光功率与支杆直径的制造能力成正相关，而激光扫描速度与支杆直径的制造能力呈非线性反相关。Wu等人，6得出降低扫描速度和提高激光功率可以有效地增加重熔量，使零件致密。Deng等人，7发现SL Med Inconel 718试样具有细小的细胞枝晶和相对较弱的织构。垂直构建的试样抗拉强度低于水平构建的试样，但塑性较高，这可能是由于其残余应力水平和位错数量不同造成的。Mclouth等人8发现，SLM中使用的激光焦移可以通过改变激光与材料的相互作用来改变微观结构形态。Strossner等人，9观察到铌在树枝状微观结构中的偏析。Chlebus等(10)发现，构建的试样具有过饱和固溶体柱状晶粒的特征，内部有Nb和Mo的微观偏析。本文研究了激光功率和扫描速度对Inconel 718试样孔隙缺陷、显微组织和力学性能的影响。
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00083
P. Alonso, M. Forti, L. Kniznik, G. Rubiolo, D. N. Torres, P. Gargano
The development of fuels with low 235U enrichment has become valuable over the course of the last twenty years, being of special interest fuels with high density of U(Mo) dispersion in Al matrices. The aim is to replace high enriched fuel by low enriched one with relative U/Utot contents less than 0.2. Experimental evidence of U(Mo) under irradiation1–4 show the existence of an interaction layer (IL) between UMo and the Al matrix. The IL growth influences the mechanical integrity of the plates, generating a structural weakness. Swelling accumulation can ultimate lead to fuel plate failure. Characterization of the IL with different rates of fuel burn-up shows the presence of fission products (FP).5 In this way, Sr, Cs, Nd, La, Ce and Xe have been detected by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDX).6 Other works have confirmed the nucleation and growth of fission gas bubbles (swelling) in the aluminum matrix.7,8 The FP accumulation has been observed by Huet et al.,2 in the IL and aluminum matrix interface. FP implantation in Al matrices has been measured by EPMA, and Nd content has been estimated through Xe presence in the precipitation and formation of bubbles2 for the swelling effect. From another point of view, the irradiation of fuel plates of UMo show that the formation of the IL depends on the fission rate, and the swelling, on the other hand, depends on the burn-up or the fission density.9 Similar concepts have been reported regarding the FP-induced swelling,10 and the acceleration of swelling due to the influence of recrystallized phases of UMo.11 In agreement with experimental researches focusing on the influence of the FP in the IL, in the present work the configurational energy has been calculated, based on the functional density theory (DFT), of the disordered phases bcc U(Mo), bcc U(Mo, FP), fcc U(Mo)Al3, fcc U(Mo,FP)Al3, fcc Al and fcc Al(FP). The selected FP are Nd, Ce, La and Pr. The code used is VASP.12,13 In order to simulate disordered solutions the Special Quasi Random Structures (SQRS)14,15 was employed.
在过去的二十年中，开发低235U富集的燃料变得有价值，特别是在Al基体中具有高密度U(Mo)分散的燃料。目的是用相对U/Utot含量小于0.2的低浓燃料代替高浓燃料。U(Mo)在1 - 4照射下的实验证据表明，UMo与Al基体之间存在相互作用层(IL)。IL的增长影响了板的机械完整性，产生了结构弱点。膨胀堆积最终会导致燃料板失效。在不同燃料燃烧速率下对IL的表征表明存在裂变产物(FP)利用这种方法，通过电子探针微分析(EPMA)、电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散x射线微分析(EDX)检测了Sr、Cs、Nd、La、Ce和Xe其他研究证实了铝基体中裂变气泡(膨胀)的成核和生长。Huet et al.，2在IL和铝基体界面观察到FP积累。用EPMA测量了FP在Al基体中的植入，并通过气泡的沉淀和形成2中Xe的存在来估计Nd的含量。从另一个角度看，对UMo燃料板的辐照表明，IL的形成取决于裂变速率，而膨胀则取决于燃耗或裂变密度类似的概念也有报道，关于fp引起的膨胀，10和由于umo的再结晶相的影响而加速膨胀与关注FP对IL影响的实验研究一致，本文基于泛函密度理论(DFT)计算了bcc U(Mo)、bcc U(Mo,FP)、fcc U(Mo)Al3、fcc U(Mo,FP)Al3、fcc Al和fcc Al(FP)等无序相的构型能。选取的FP为Nd、Ce、La和Pr。所用代码为vasp .12,13。为了模拟无序解，采用了Special Quasi Random Structures (SQRS)14,15。
{"title":"Location preferences of fission products in high density U(Mo) dispersion fuel element","authors":"P. Alonso, M. Forti, L. Kniznik, G. Rubiolo, D. N. Torres, P. Gargano","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00083","url":null,"abstract":"The development of fuels with low 235U enrichment has become valuable over the course of the last twenty years, being of special interest fuels with high density of U(Mo) dispersion in Al matrices. The aim is to replace high enriched fuel by low enriched one with relative U/Utot contents less than 0.2. Experimental evidence of U(Mo) under irradiation1–4 show the existence of an interaction layer (IL) between UMo and the Al matrix. The IL growth influences the mechanical integrity of the plates, generating a structural weakness. Swelling accumulation can ultimate lead to fuel plate failure. Characterization of the IL with different rates of fuel burn-up shows the presence of fission products (FP).5 In this way, Sr, Cs, Nd, La, Ce and Xe have been detected by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDX).6 Other works have confirmed the nucleation and growth of fission gas bubbles (swelling) in the aluminum matrix.7,8 The FP accumulation has been observed by Huet et al.,2 in the IL and aluminum matrix interface. FP implantation in Al matrices has been measured by EPMA, and Nd content has been estimated through Xe presence in the precipitation and formation of bubbles2 for the swelling effect. From another point of view, the irradiation of fuel plates of UMo show that the formation of the IL depends on the fission rate, and the swelling, on the other hand, depends on the burn-up or the fission density.9 Similar concepts have been reported regarding the FP-induced swelling,10 and the acceleration of swelling due to the influence of recrystallized phases of UMo.11 In agreement with experimental researches focusing on the influence of the FP in the IL, in the present work the configurational energy has been calculated, based on the functional density theory (DFT), of the disordered phases bcc U(Mo), bcc U(Mo, FP), fcc U(Mo)Al3, fcc U(Mo,FP)Al3, fcc Al and fcc Al(FP). The selected FP are Nd, Ce, La and Pr. The code used is VASP.12,13 In order to simulate disordered solutions the Special Quasi Random Structures (SQRS)14,15 was employed.","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72631024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00100
Luis A Hernandez Garcia, M. C. Molina, Marianela Zoratti, E. Cardillo, S. Terny, M. Sola, M. Frechero
Glasses formed by a mix of oxides are interesting for many technological applications. Their physical properties change according to the constituent oxides. Every oxide creates a three-dimensional network built by corner connected oxygen polyhedral, with different coordination number. The oxides can be either glass formers or glass modifiers, granting the final product specific characteristics. Thus, it is of utmost importance which oxides to incorporate to the original mix. In this work, we analyze the polaron conductivity in the presence of large alkaline cation concentrations. We studied oxide glasses formed by TeO2 modified by the incorporation of transition metal oxides: V2O5, Cu2O, and MoO3. Additionally, such tellurite glasses contain Na2O or MgO. Holstein 1 proposed in 1959 for materials with low charge carrier mobility (<0.1cm/V.s) that an electron trapped in the lattice would not be able to move unless the lattice could move together with it. Such proposal gave birth to the polaron concept. The explanation is that the charge carrier (the electron) induces a dipole moment on its neighboring and both move together, i.e. the polaron. Therefore, polaron conductivity involves the displacement of polaron in a material. When the material is a glass the charge carrier and the distortion in its surrounding move through the glassy matrix. For that reason, in this work we study how the presence of alkaline and alkaline earth cations affects the polaron transportation in the tellurite glasses.
{"title":"Ion-polaron interaction in modified tellurite glasses","authors":"Luis A Hernandez Garcia, M. C. Molina, Marianela Zoratti, E. Cardillo, S. Terny, M. Sola, M. Frechero","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00100","url":null,"abstract":"Glasses formed by a mix of oxides are interesting for many technological applications. Their physical properties change according to the constituent oxides. Every oxide creates a three-dimensional network built by corner connected oxygen polyhedral, with different coordination number. The oxides can be either glass formers or glass modifiers, granting the final product specific characteristics. Thus, it is of utmost importance which oxides to incorporate to the original mix. In this work, we analyze the polaron conductivity in the presence of large alkaline cation concentrations. We studied oxide glasses formed by TeO2 modified by the incorporation of transition metal oxides: V2O5, Cu2O, and MoO3. Additionally, such tellurite glasses contain Na2O or MgO. Holstein 1 proposed in 1959 for materials with low charge carrier mobility (<0.1cm/V.s) that an electron trapped in the lattice would not be able to move unless the lattice could move together with it. Such proposal gave birth to the polaron concept. The explanation is that the charge carrier (the electron) induces a dipole moment on its neighboring and both move together, i.e. the polaron. Therefore, polaron conductivity involves the displacement of polaron in a material. When the material is a glass the charge carrier and the distortion in its surrounding move through the glassy matrix. For that reason, in this work we study how the presence of alkaline and alkaline earth cations affects the polaron transportation in the tellurite glasses.","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74485326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pachurin German Vasilievich, Goncharova Diana Anatolyevna, Kuzmin Nikolay Alexandrovich, Filippov Alexey Alexandrovich
The idea of reducing the mass of cars through the use of lightweight materials is not new. Among them are aluminum alloys, which at a relatively affordable price are significantly lighter than steel alloys. A review of domestic and foreign literature data shows that in the world practice work is actively being carried out to expand the use of aluminum alloys in the automotive industry. This is due to the fact that an increase in their share in the design of the car allows you to:
{"title":"To the question for use of aluminum alloys for car parts","authors":"Pachurin German Vasilievich, Goncharova Diana Anatolyevna, Kuzmin Nikolay Alexandrovich, Filippov Alexey Alexandrovich","doi":"10.15406/mseij.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The idea of reducing the mass of cars through the use of lightweight materials is not new. Among them are aluminum alloys, which at a relatively affordable price are significantly lighter than steel alloys. A review of domestic and foreign literature data shows that in the world practice work is actively being carried out to expand the use of aluminum alloys in the automotive industry. This is due to the fact that an increase in their share in the design of the car allows you to:","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91546133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00102
Jinwu Kang
a main topic in published issues. Huseynova2,3 reviewed the solutionprocessed electrical doping of organic semiconductors to improve their electrical properties and dopants for the doping of organic semiconductors by cationic species. Kaliyannan et al.,4 gave a full view of the effect of carbon based nanofillers on the properties of elastomers. Iwamoto et al.,5 investigated one kind of nonferrous magnetic alloys manganese-antimony (MnSb) alloy and found the Mn1.09Sb phase was tunable exclusively through its composition, which is a promising property for specific applications, and Mn2Sb phase formed at high temperatures. García et al.,6 analyzed the polaron conductivity due to the presence of transition metal oxides in tellurite glasses and found the existence of a not small perturbation given by mobile cations had a strong effect on the non-periodic potential added to the formation of ion-polaron neutral entity in the modified tellurite glassy matrices. Dorozinska et al.,7 increased the velocity of adhesive polymerization by the introduction of organosilicon acrylates with high dispersion as impurities in ultraviolet adhesives used in the manufacture of precision optical devices. Prátula et al.8 synthesized NiFe2O4 spinel – phosphate (Bi-Ba-Li) glass composite by solid-state reaction. New crystalline magnetic phases developed inside the glassy matrix through controlled heat treatment make the glass composite own excellent magnetic response. Biomaterials and their reaction with body tissue is a research interest as well. Cör 9 investigated the histological characteristics of periprosthetic tissue around metal on metal hip prostheses (MoM THR) and found extensive lymphocytic infiltration in the periprosthetic tissue around MoM THR is the predominant pattern. However, perivascular lymphoid aggregates are not exclusive characteristics.
出版刊物的主要主题。Huseynova2,3综述了溶液处理有机半导体的电掺杂以改善其电学性能和阳离子掺杂有机半导体的掺杂剂。Kaliyannan等人，4全面阐述了碳基纳米填料对弹性体性能的影响。Iwamoto et al.，5研究了一种有色金属磁性合金锰锑(MnSb)合金，发现Mn1.09Sb相可以通过其成分进行完全可调，这在特定应用中具有很好的性能，并且Mn2Sb相在高温下形成。García等人，6分析了碲酸盐玻璃中由于过渡金属氧化物的存在而导致的极化子电导率，发现由移动阳离子引起的不小的扰动对在改性碲酸盐玻璃基体中加入离子极化子中性实体形成的非周期电位有很强的影响。Dorozinska等人，7通过在精密光学器件制造中使用的紫外粘合剂中引入具有高分散性的有机硅丙烯酸酯作为杂质，提高了粘合剂聚合的速度。Prátula et al.8采用固相反应合成了NiFe2O4尖晶石-磷酸(Bi-Ba-Li)玻璃复合材料。通过控制热处理，在玻璃基体内部形成新的磁性晶相，使玻璃复合材料具有优异的磁性响应。生物材料及其与人体组织的反应也是一个研究热点。Cör 9研究了金属髋关节假体(MoM THR)金属周围假体周围组织的组织学特征，发现MoM THR周围假体周围组织广泛的淋巴细胞浸润是主要模式。然而，血管周围淋巴细胞聚集并不是唯一的特征。
{"title":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal on the way from a toddler to youth","authors":"Jinwu Kang","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00102","url":null,"abstract":"a main topic in published issues. Huseynova2,3 reviewed the solutionprocessed electrical doping of organic semiconductors to improve their electrical properties and dopants for the doping of organic semiconductors by cationic species. Kaliyannan et al.,4 gave a full view of the effect of carbon based nanofillers on the properties of elastomers. Iwamoto et al.,5 investigated one kind of nonferrous magnetic alloys manganese-antimony (MnSb) alloy and found the Mn1.09Sb phase was tunable exclusively through its composition, which is a promising property for specific applications, and Mn2Sb phase formed at high temperatures. García et al.,6 analyzed the polaron conductivity due to the presence of transition metal oxides in tellurite glasses and found the existence of a not small perturbation given by mobile cations had a strong effect on the non-periodic potential added to the formation of ion-polaron neutral entity in the modified tellurite glassy matrices. Dorozinska et al.,7 increased the velocity of adhesive polymerization by the introduction of organosilicon acrylates with high dispersion as impurities in ultraviolet adhesives used in the manufacture of precision optical devices. Prátula et al.8 synthesized NiFe2O4 spinel – phosphate (Bi-Ba-Li) glass composite by solid-state reaction. New crystalline magnetic phases developed inside the glassy matrix through controlled heat treatment make the glass composite own excellent magnetic response. Biomaterials and their reaction with body tissue is a research interest as well. Cör 9 investigated the histological characteristics of periprosthetic tissue around metal on metal hip prostheses (MoM THR) and found extensive lymphocytic infiltration in the periprosthetic tissue around MoM THR is the predominant pattern. However, perivascular lymphoid aggregates are not exclusive characteristics.","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84746204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/MSEIJ.2019.03.00087
L. Gil
sustainable processing. One good example of this is related to cork (see e,g, L. Gil, Solar energy and cork: A binomial of the future, Science & Technology of Materials, vol. 30, No. 2, 2018, pp. 80-86) . In this field several solar energy application possibilities in forestry and industrial processes are considered, and the use of different cork derived products in several solar energy technologies and applications is also assessed. So cork is a sector were solar energy may be used in various ways and cork material can be a component in various solar energy systems/devices. This type of analysis could also be carried out for several other materials production and renewable energy production systems. It would be interesting to have an approach like this, done by several experts in the several domains of materials and low carbon energy production technologies. Sustainability is now not only a key word but also a key concept in every issue of our life. So, in the materials field, the use of natural and sustainable materials is a must. Having in mind the relation between materials and low carbon energy production, a lot of R&D work has been carried out. Only as a way of example, in this field see e.g. R.C. Pullar, L. Gil, F.A.C. Oliveira, Biomimetic cork-based ecoceramics for hydrogen generation using concentrated solar energy, Science & Technology of Materials, vol. 28, No. 1, 2016, pp. 23-28. In this work, cork was chosen as template to produce novel ceria (CeO2) ecoceramics, for applications in water splitting for H2 production via direct concentrated solar thermo chemical fuel production (TCFP). Energy and materials are currently two of the main focuses of Science and Technology, in particular due to environmental and supply concerns. The search for cheaper and more efficient energy production obviously involves the development of new and innovative materials. So, energy and materials are nowadays driving science and technology. The time when only a few materials such as steel, copper and concrete were the main components of energy technologies has long gone. In addition to new classes of materials, there is also a need to improve the physical and chemical characteristics of existing materials to improve the competitiveness of industrial materials production and to reduce their environmental footprint through better use of energy.
可持续的处理。一个很好的例子与软木有关(参见e,g, L. Gil，太阳能和软木:未来的二项，材料科学与技术，第30卷，第2期，2018年，第80-86页)。在这个领域，考虑了几种太阳能在林业和工业过程中的应用可能性，并评估了几种太阳能技术和应用中不同软木衍生产品的使用情况。因此，软木是太阳能可以以各种方式使用的一个部门，软木材料可以成为各种太阳能系统/设备的组成部分。这种类型的分析也可以对其他几种材料生产和可再生能源生产系统进行。由材料和低碳能源生产技术的几个领域的几位专家完成这样的方法将是很有趣的。可持续发展现在不仅是一个关键词，而且是我们生活中每一个问题的关键概念。因此，在材料领域，使用天然和可持续的材料是必须的。考虑到材料与低碳能源生产之间的关系，开展了大量的研发工作。仅作为一个例子，在该领域见R.C. Pullar, L. Gil, F.A.C. Oliveira，聚光太阳能制氢的仿生软木陶瓷，材料科学技术，vol. 28, No. 1, 2016, pp. 23-28。在这项工作中，软木被选择作为模板来生产新型的铈(CeO2)陶瓷，用于直接集中太阳能热化学燃料生产(TCFP)的水裂解制氢。能源和材料目前是科学和技术的两个主要焦点，特别是由于环境和供应问题。寻找更便宜、更高效的能源生产显然涉及到新材料和创新材料的开发。因此，能源和材料是当今科技发展的动力。只有钢铁、铜和混凝土等少数几种材料是能源技术主要组成部分的时代早已过去。除了新种类的材料外，还需要改进现有材料的物理和化学特性，以提高工业材料生产的竞争力，并通过更好地利用能源减少其对环境的影响。
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