Material Science & Engineering International Journal最新文献

{"title":"Behavior of pile caps on one steel pile","authors":"R. G. Delalibera, Marcell Godoi Sivelli, J. S. Giongo, V. F. Gonçalves, Márcio de Oliveira Filho","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00084","url":null,"abstract":"Piles are slender linear structural elements, whose purpose is to transfer the load from the superstructure to the soil. The connection between the piles and the superstructure is commonly done by pile caps that, according to the NBR 6118, are volumetric structures used to transfer the load coming from the superstructure to the piles. The first studies of great relevance, regarding the design of pile caps, are from Blévot & Frémy1 however, most of the researches on this area studied pile caps on reinforced concrete piles, leaving a vast field to be explored about pile caps on steel piles. According to Velloso & Lopes,2 the main disadvantage of using steel piles, in relation to other types of piles, is its high cost. Still, in some situations the use of steel piles is economically viable as they can be driven in almost any kind of soil and are highly effective against the vibration on the driving process. In agreement with NBR 6122,3 connection between the pile and the cap can be made with an embedment length of the pile in the cap of 20 centimeters and, in addition, a helical reinforcement may be used. After its review, the NBR 61224 suggests only that the connection must be made by using either steel plates on top of the piles, stirrups or steel rebar welded to the pile. Fundações Teoria e Prática5 recommends that a helical reinforcement is placed over the embedment length of the steel pile in the cap. Pfeil6 suggests that straight rebar must be welded over the embedment length of the steel pile, with the addition of helical reinforcement, and that the embedment length of the steel pile must be at least 30 centimeters.","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89550189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitrification and sinter-crystallization of fly ash with glass cullet","authors":"Barrachina E, Stoyanova Lyubenova T, F. D., Calvet I, Carda Jb","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00112","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, in this second decade of this century, the industrial residues they continue generating environmental problems. Such of these wastes (glass cullet and bottom or fly ashes from the coal power stations) are still abundant and not definitive applications or solutions for its immobilizing have been given, though a considerable amount of research has been conducted in the last years. One of the promising applications proposed by laboratories research has been their potential for being used in the construction industry.1,2 With respect the glass cullet from the conventional glass there is abundant research carried out in the last decades of 20th and beginning of this 21st century.3–5 Vitrification process has been demonstrated is an adequate processing method for inertize toxic and abundant residues and even to facilitate their recycling as secondary raw materials in ceramics and glasses industries.6 Transforming of starting glasses after vitrification into glass-ceramics by controlled thermal treatment is possible to reach immobilizing of a wide range of industrial wastes (mineral residues, sludges from dumps, slags, ashes,). Besides, the low cost and great availability of waste make these glass-ceramics materials very attractive from an economical and technological point of view, so synthetic high-performance materials with broad applications in construction and civil engineering can be obtained from residues.7 Therefore, it has been the aim of this research to explore the synthesis of a new type of glass-ceramic by the sinter-crystallization process from soda-lime-silicate glass and several ashes from a coal power thermal station located in Andorra (Teruel, Spain). Materials and methods","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"PP 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84606070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shallow foundation analysis using the discrete element method","authors":"Joaquim Araujo Costa Neto, Márcio Muniz de Farias, Bernardo Cascao Pires e Albuquerque, Jessica Soares da Rocha","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73618974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and electrochemical behaviour of aluminum-based hybrid composites reinforced with silicon carbide and pride of barbardos seed ash produced by stir casting","authors":"O. Oladayo, Alege Kehinde Sikirat","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00110","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum matrix composite (AMCs) represent a class of MMCs having characteristics of low density, high stiffness and strength, superior wear resistance, controlled co-efficient of thermal expansion, high fatigue resistance and better stability at elevated temperature. These properties made AMCs a good candidate for the design of various components for advanced engineering applications.1 It has been found that the use of AMCs in engine applications can reduce the overall weight, fuel consumption and pollution in the automobiles and aircrafts.2 MMCs reinforced with ceramic particles are very promising materials for structural applications due to excellent combination of properties.3 AMCs reinforced with either silicon carbide (3.18g/cm3) or alumina (3.9g/cm3) particles are attractive materials for aviation.4,5 Some of the reinforcements are denser than aluminum alloys (2.7g/cm3) and therefore increase the weight of the composites produced depending on the quantity of the reinforcement added.6 Moreover, ceramic particles addition to the Al-alloy increases the hardness and thereby making machining more difficult.6 Hybrid composites, in most cases possess superior strength than monolithic composite. The properties of the hybrid reinforcements (primary and secondary) can be combined to attain better material properties. More so, the use of stir casting method for production of AMCs reduces the cost of the composite.7 Current trends in AMCs show growing concern in the production of hybrid Aluminum Metal Composites (HAMCSs) with better physical and mechanical properties. Resent researches have shown that agro/industrial waste materials such as fly ash, graphite, rice husk ash, amongst others, can be successfully used as a complementary reinforcement in AMCs.7,8 Furthermore, the use of hybrid reinforcements increases the service performance of the composites by the formation of new features. These agro/industrial wastes can reduce the cost of aluminum composites. Secondly, the weight of the composite can be manipulated due to lower density of this agro/industrial waste materials.3 Thirdly, these composites can also offer competitive physical and mechanical properties.7 This research investigates the mechanical and corrosion behavior of Aluminum-hybrid composite produced by reinforcing Aluminum 6063 with pride of Barbados seed ash and silicon carbide via double stir casting method.","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86579802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the SLMed TC4 alloy specimens","authors":"Jinwu Kang","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00096","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium alloys have outstanding properties such as corrosion resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio even at high temperatures, which makes them a suitable candidate for high demanding applications such as in aerospace industry. Among the Ti-alloy families, Ti6Al-4V(TC4) has been widely used in additive manufacturing as well as traditional processing such as casting and forging. Additive manufacturing can be used to fabricate titanium alloys with complex geometrical features and reduce material waste, production time and costs. There are many researches about the effect of heat treatment on as-cast or as-forged microstructures.1,2 As additive manufacturing appears, the microstructure features and the effect heat treatment on the additive manufactured specimens come to be the research focus. Jiao et al.,3 found that α laths have a plate morphology, and they precipitated out from β phase following a tetrahedral relationship, a special morphology with mixture of plate-like and rod-like α phase in the fabricated Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy specimen by laser melting deposition additive manufacturing. Aziz4 &Murr5 Thijs6 & Kobyrn7 & Zhu8 & Song9 investigated the microstructure of TC4 titanium alloy in selective laser manufacturing. SLMed samples own good mechanical properties except of ductility. Thus, researchers investigated the way how to improve the ductility by heat treatment. Erhard10 studied the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of samples made by SLM. Sabban11 proposed repeated thermal cycling close to but below the β transus temperature to form globular α phase, eliminating the need for plastic deformation prior to heat treatment, which led to the bimodal microstructure consisting of globular α in additively manufactured TC4 alloy. In order to provide the understanding how to improve the mechanical properties, the TC4 titanium alloy samples were made by SLM method and they were heat treated, the effect of heat treatment on microstructure was symmetrically investigated.","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90731798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural analysis of x-ray irradiated carbon nanostructures","authors":"A. Grozdanov, P. Paunović, Violeta Vasilevska-Nikodinovska, A. Dimitrov, V. Yukhymchuk, I. Stojkovski, Zorica Arsova","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00105","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging nanotechnologies in which nuclear applications and radiations play key roles are: nano-electronics in environmental monitoring and remediation, electrode materials in hydrogen economy, polymer based nanocomposites in biotechnology, diagnostics and therapy. Radiation based technology using x-rays, e-beams and ion-beams is the key to avariety of different approaches. Due to the various ionizing irradiations, physical, chemical and biological properties of the materials can be significantly modified. Compared with conventional chemical reduction, the irradiation techniques are environmentally friendly, easily controlled, highly pure and less destructive. The most common defects induced by irradiation are vacancies and interstitials. Carbon based nanostructures with sp2-like hybridization, are exclusive due to the fact that its valence permitted researchers to engineer a large collection of molecular architectures. What makes all these structures truly phenomenal is that they are indeed built from the same component and they still can differ in shape and dimensionality. The most prolific irradiation-induced defects in graphenic carbon nanostructures are vacancies (single or multi vacancies). These carbon sp2nanostrucutres develop an extended reconstruction of the atomic network near the vacancy by saturating two dangling bonds and forming a pentagon. In graphene, single vacancies reconstruct, but in CNT the reconstruction is much stronger owing to the curvature and inherent nanoscale size of the system. It was found that for a CNTs to contract locally to “heal” the hole and thus saturate energetically unfavorable danging bonds. Thus, curved graphitic structures such as CNTs can be referred to as self-healing materials under irradiation. Some of the last experimental studies on the irradiation of MWCNTs reported a broad range of interesting phenomena such as surface reconstructions, modified mechanical properties, ion-irradiation induced changes in electrical coupling between nanotubes.1-3 Kis et al., have shown a strong stiffening of bundles of CNTs after electron irradiation.4 Last years, irradiation with γ-rays was studied as one of the clean and easy method for modification of carbon nanostructures. Namely, the effects of γ-irradiation strongly depend on the irradiation conditions, the materials type and the irradiation medium. Guo et al. observed a dramatic increase in the ID/IG of the Raman spectrum of γ-ray irradiated multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs), which was attributed to the large presence of sp3-hybridized carbon atoms.5 This is opposite to the trend reported by Xu et al.,6 who noted an 8% decrease in ID/ IG for MWCNTs irradiated to 20Mrad in air, signaling improved graphitic order.6 Also, it was found that γ-irradiation decreased the diameter of MWCNTs, increased their specific surface area and modified their oxygen functional groups.7 The graphitization of MWCNTs was improved with doses of 100kGy, while a higher dose of 150kGy induced","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74169708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial cellulose/phytotherapic hydrogels as dressings for wound healing","authors":"Paula Rf de S Moraes, Sidney J. L. Ribeiro, A. M. Gaspar","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00108","url":null,"abstract":"Skin, the largest organ of the human body, is formed mainly by epidermis and dermis and its main functions are assurance of mechanical protection and prevention against contamination.1,2 Wound healing begins from a skin-barrier disruption and is divided into inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation phases. The former consists in the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of the lesion. In the proliferative phase, the migration and proliferation of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells results in reepithelization and formation of granulation tissue with a large quantity of type III collagen. Finally, in the maturation phase, most type III collagen fibers are substituted by type I fibers and the excess collagen is degraded by proteolytic enzymes that promote tissue remodeling. Despite some recent advances in the understanding of such basic processes, wound healing disorders continue to cause diseases and even death.3 Dressings play a substantial role in the conglutination of certain types of open wounds (e.g. traumatic, thermal or chronic wounds), since the moist, warm and nutritious environment of wound beds provides an ideal condition for microbial growth. The wound healing process can interfere with bacterial colonization and subsequent infection, which may cause an excessive and prolonged inflammatory response from the host tissues. The nature of lesions, patient’s physiologic state, wound degree of infection and contamination and other disease processes can interfere with the cutaneous wound healing.4 The basic requirement for a material to be used for tissue engineering purposes is biocompatibility. Over the past two decades, significant advances have been made regarding the development of biodegradable polymers and biodegradability is one of the most important properties, since the scaffold should degrade with time and be replaced with newly regenerated tissues.5","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85677131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An insight on the greenhouse gas emission from the metals process industries and its effects on climate change","authors":"I. Shahidul","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00115","url":null,"abstract":"The metals process the industry is a source of Greenhouse Gas (GHG), and the major components of these gases are CO2, CH4, N2O and Fluorinated gases (F-gases). The GHG is responsible for global warming potentials (GWP) and climate change.1,2 However, the common source of GHG emission is electricity production from fossil fuel to operate metals industries and as well from metals processing.3 The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is about 65 percent.4 The methane is the second-largest carbon in GHG after CO2, which accounted for 16 percent of global emission. The effect of CH4 on GWP and climate change is about 25 percent higher than CO2. 5,6 Nitrous oxide is also a part of GHG in the atmosphere, and its contribution to GHG is about 6 percent. It has been reported that the metal process industries are a major emission source of N2O. 7,8The Fluorinated gas is a part of GHG and has a significant effect on climate change. The fact is the process of the metal industries are associated with Fluorinated gas emission. This gas includes hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride SF6.9,10 The Magnesium (Mg), Zinc, Lead, and other metals processing industries are the emitter of this gas.11 However, in a report, IEA stated that the burning of fossil fuel for electricity production to operate heavy industries like Iron, and Aluminum, Zinc. Magnesium and copper and significantly responsible for GWP.4,12","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83576108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of the crack behavior interface-fiber: interfacial crack","authors":"R. Sara, S. Boualem","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00107","url":null,"abstract":"The use of composite materials in industrial applications has been increasing for several years, and this in all industries: automotive, aeronautics, space, marine, railway or even sports, medical and nuclear. The performances in terms of mass gain, mechanical properties and manufacturing offer many possibilities of applications, sometimes very complex. Research activities specific to these materials are also very present in laboratories around the world to better understand the behavior of composite structures across many topics of study, with the aim of improving their uses and their adequacy with the industrial application. The joining of ceramics to metals is inherently difficult because of their distinctly different properties. But considerable efforts have devoted to the development of joining technologies during recent past years have led to significant successes.1 Dissimilar materials had to join together in many technical areas. One example of the ceramic to metal joint is to combine the wear resistance, high temperature strength and thermal or electrical resistance of the ceramic with the ductility of the metal. Due to the difference of the elastic properties and the thermal expansion coefficients of the ceramic and metal the high stresses occur at the intersection of edges and the interface of the joint under mechanical or thermal loading.2","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79616310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-ray diffraction characterization of the untreated calcium phosphate from two Moroccan mining zones","authors":"K. El-hami, Ikram Labtaini","doi":"10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mseij.2019.03.00093","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 has a wide range of applications in a number of fields, such as medical, chemistry and industrial. Calcium phosphates are used in many biomedical applications through good biocompatibility and bioactivity. In biochemistry, calcium phosphates participate in providing energy for metabolism and substances and contribute to important metabolic and enzymatic reactions in almost all organs and tissues.1 The main industrial application of calcium phosphate is in the production of agriculture fertilizers. Many studies have been carried out on the crystalline structure and the crystallographic parameters of natural phosphates; the most common way to determine such structures is X-ray diffraction. Therefore, a study at the crystallographic level can be useful to help us understand some properties related to different problem and applications. Indeed, many authors explored several analyses of untreated phosphates that show a variation of their characteristics and their field of application.2–4 The aim of this article is to compare the composition and the structure of calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 from two different mining centers with X-ray diffraction. The particularity in this study is the characterization of the calcium phosphate samples as-received.","PeriodicalId":18241,"journal":{"name":"Material Science & Engineering International Journal","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83864262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}