Materials Letters: X最新文献

英文中文

Formation of Mn4Si7 thin films by solid-phase ion-plasma method and improvement of their thermoelectric and electrophysical properties 固相离子等离子体法制备Mn4Si7薄膜及其热电和电物理性能的改善

IF 2.6 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100254

M.T. Normuradov , I.R. Bekpulatov , V.V. Klechkovskaya , Kim Ki Buem , B.D. Igamov , M.S. Lukasov , Gunel Imanova , E.A. Kerimov , Sh.A. Zeynalov

In this study, Mn₄Si₇ thermoelectric thin films were deposited on Si(111) and SiO₂/Si(111) substrates via magnetron sputtering, and their microstructural as well as electrical temperature-dependent properties were thoroughly investigated. The as-deposited films at room temperature exhibited an amorphous structure, which underwent a phase transition to a polycrystalline state upon annealing at 800 K. This annealing process resulted in a significant reduction of surface defects and the formation of a continuous film composed of nanocrystallites with dimensions in the range of 50–100 nm. The presence of the SiO₂ dielectric layer on the substrate induced distinct variations in the film’s microstructure and density, which in turn affected its electrical resistivity and thermoelectric performance. The enhancement of thermoelectric properties observed during the amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition is attributed to the selective scattering mechanism of charge carriers at nanocluster boundaries. These findings provide a critical foundation for achieving high-performance Mn₄Si₇-based thermoelectric thin films and expand their potential applications in thermoelectric devices, paving the way for the development of next-generation energy conversion materials.

在本研究中，通过磁控溅射在Si（111）和SiO2/Si（111）衬底上沉积了Mn4Si7热电薄膜，并对其微观结构和电学温度依赖性进行了深入研究。在室温下沉积的薄膜呈现出非晶结构，在800 K下退火后，薄膜经历了向多晶态的相变。这种退火工艺显著减少了表面缺陷，并形成了由尺寸在50-100 nm范围内的纳米晶体组成的连续薄膜。衬底上SiO2介电层的存在引起薄膜微观结构和密度的明显变化，从而影响其电阻率和热电性能。在非晶晶相变过程中观察到的热电性能的增强归因于纳米团簇边界上载流子的选择性散射机制。这些发现为实现高性能基于mn4si7的热电薄膜和扩大其在热电器件中的潜在应用提供了关键基础，为下一代能量转换材料的开发铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of austenitizing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium carbon spring steel 奥氏体化温度对中碳钢组织和力学性能的影响

IF 2.6 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100251

Qian Yu , Yuliang Zhao , Feiyu Zhao

The influence of austenitizing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium carbon spring steel was systematically studied. Microstructural characterization showed that decreasing the austenitizing temperature from 900 °C to 860 °C effectively refined prior austenite grains from 8.8 μm to 5.3 μm, reduced martensite block thickness from 0.9 μm to 0.7 μm, and increased the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) from 70 % to 76 %. Crystallographic variant analysis revealed increased boundary densities for V1&V2, V1&V3(V5), V1&V4, and V1&V6 pairs in the 860 °C sample with refined PAGS, along with elevated frequencies of V1&V3(V5) and V1&V6 pairs classified as HAGBs, consistent with the K-S orientation relationship. These results demonstrate that reducing the austenitizing temperature from 900 °C to 860 °C significantly affects martensite block size, HAGB fraction, and crystallographic variant pairs, leading to enchanced yield strength from 1563 MPa to 1648 MPa and total elongation from 9.3 % to 9.7 %.

系统研究了奥氏体化温度对中碳弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响。显微组织表征表明，当奥氏体化温度从900℃降低到860℃时，奥氏体晶粒从8.8 μm细化到5.3 μm，马氏体块厚度从0.9 μm减小到0.7 μm，高角度晶界（HAGBs）比例从70%增加到76%。晶体变异分析显示，在860°C的样品中，经过改进的PAGS， V1&V2、V1&V3（V5）、V1&；V4和V1&；V6对的边界密度增加，并且V1&；V3（V5）和V1&；V6对被分类为HAGBs的频率增加，与K-S取向关系一致。结果表明，当奥氏体化温度从900℃降低到860℃时，马氏体块尺寸、HAGB分数和晶体变异对显著提高，屈服强度从1563 MPa提高到1648 MPa，总伸长率从9.3%提高到9.7%。

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical dealloying in ChCl-Urea Deep eutectic solvent: A strategy to fabricate porous FeCoNiAlMo high-entropy alloy with enhanced oxygen evolution reaction activity 在chcl -尿素深共晶溶剂中电化学脱合金：制备多孔FeCoNiAlMo高熵合金的一种增强析氧活性的策略

IF 2.6 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100252

Jiangfei Wang , Weijia Chen , Yijun Wen , Yuhan Peng , Siqi Liu , Shiwei He

High-entropy alloys (HEAs), as a new type of multi-element alloy, have become widely studied electrocatalytic materials in recent years due to their excellent catalytic performance. The experimental material used FeCoNiAlMo HEA with equal atomic ratio as the precursor, and three-dimensional nanostructures were formed by dealloying in choline chloride-urea (ChCl-Urea). The results indicate that Fe₂₀Co₂₀Ni₂₀Al₂₀Mo₂₀ HEA is mainly composed of body-centered cubic (BCC) phase and face-centered cubic (FCC) phase, with BCC phase accounting for a larger proportion. Due to the different corrosion resistance of elements and the difference in element content distribution between the two phases, the FCC phase is preferentially corroded, resulting in a three-dimensional porous morphology. This unique structure synergistically reduces the energy barrier during the hydrolysis dissociation process, giving the material a significant advantage in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process. At a current density of 10 mA cm⁻², the overpotential of the treated alloy is as low as 312 mV, which is lower than the commercial RuO₂-IrO₂, and it has lower resistance and higher charge transfer efficiency.

高熵合金（High-entropy alloys, HEAs）作为一种新型的多元素合金，因其优异的催化性能而成为近年来被广泛研究的电催化材料。实验材料以等原子比的FeCoNiAlMo HEA为前驱体，在氯化胆碱-尿素（ChCl-Urea）中进行脱合金处理，形成三维纳米结构。结果表明：Fe20Co20Ni20Al20Mo20 HEA主要由体心立方（BCC）相和面心立方（FCC）相组成，其中BCC相所占比例较大；由于元素的耐蚀性不同以及两相之间元素含量分布的差异，FCC相优先被腐蚀，形成三维多孔形态。这种独特的结构协同降低了水解解离过程中的能垒，使材料在析氧反应（OER）过程中具有显著的优势。在电流密度为10 mA cm−2时，处理后的合金的过电位低至312 mV，低于工业RuO2-IrO2，并且具有更低的电阻和更高的电荷转移效率。

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引用次数: 0

Advanced imaging of gas diffusion layers: A comparison between focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and X-ray computed tomography 气体扩散层的高级成像：聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜与x射线计算机断层扫描的比较

IF 2.2 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100250

Hossein Pourrahmani , Thomas B. Ferriday , Raha Razmara , Hossein Madi , Jan Van herle

With the advances in clean technologies, the role of fuel cells and batteries is becoming increasingly vital. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are known to be the best candidates for low-temperature and portable operations, such as hydrogen cars. The efficiency and longevity of these fuel cells can be feasible through detailed microstructural analysis. In this regard, advanced imaging techniques are being used to visualize the structure of the different layers of PEMFCs including the membrane, catalyst layer, and gas diffusion layer. This study’s focus and novelty is to compare the focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and X-ray Computed Tomography scanning for the microstructural imaging of the GDL.

随着清洁技术的进步，燃料电池和电池的作用变得越来越重要。质子交换膜燃料电池被认为是低温和便携式操作的最佳候选者，例如氢汽车。通过详细的微观结构分析，这些燃料电池的效率和寿命是可行的。在这方面，先进的成像技术被用于可视化pemfc不同层的结构，包括膜层、催化剂层和气体扩散层。本研究的重点和新颖之处在于比较聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜和x射线计算机断层扫描对GDL微结构成像的影响。

引用次数: 0

High energy-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy and near infrared absorption study of cesium tungsten bronze and lanthanum hexaboride 铯、钨、青铜和六硼化镧的高能分辨电子能量损失光谱及近红外吸收研究

IF 2.2 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100249

Shuzheng Guo , Jingyi Huang , Na Ta , Fengze Cao , Sihua Ha , Shuai He , Jianli He , Luomeng Chao

Cs_0.33WO₃ nanoparticles exhibit strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), making them effective at absorbing near-infrared (NIR) light. However, effectively tuning the optical absorption of Cs_0.33WO₃ in the critical NIR range of 800–1000 nm has remained a major challenge. In this study, we employ aberration-corrected electron microscopy to conduct high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) on both Cs_0.33WO₃ and LaB₆ nanoparticles, reveal that the surface plasmon resonance in LaB₆ nanoparticles occurs at a higher energy than in Cs_0.33WO₃, allowing LaB₆ to absorb NIR light at shorter wavelengths. Based on this, we successfully adjusted the absorption characteristics of Cs_0.33WO₃ in the range of 800–1000 nm by utilizing the synergistic LSPR tuning of LaB₆ nanoparticles.

Cs0.33WO3纳米粒子表现出强烈的局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR），使其有效吸收近红外（NIR）光。然而，在800-1000 nm的近红外临界范围内有效调节Cs0.33WO3的光吸收仍然是一个主要的挑战。在本研究中，我们利用像差校正电子显微镜对Cs0.33WO3和LaB6纳米粒子进行了高分辨率电子能量损失光谱（EELS）分析，发现LaB6纳米粒子的表面等离子体共振发生在比Cs0.33WO3更高的能量下，使LaB6能够吸收波长更短的近红外光。在此基础上，我们利用LaB6纳米粒子的协同LSPR调谐，成功调整了Cs0.33WO3在800-1000 nm范围内的吸收特性。

引用次数: 0

Simple and efficient optical fiber recoating procedure 简单高效的光纤重涂工艺

IF 2.2 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100248

F.A.C. Nobrega , E.A.W. Menezes , R. Reichenbächer , C. Scheffler , R.F. Abreu , E.F. Morais , C.M.B. Cordeiro , A. Spickenheuer , S.C. Amico , A.S.B. Sombra

This article describes a rapid method of recoating optical fibers employing the dip-coating technique, using a polypropylene film former with a silane coupling agent, which reacts, yielding a protective film over the core. The silica optical fibers were recoated with film former sizings at concentrations of 5 % and 10 %. Microscopic analysis of the recoated area showed a smooth surface and an increase in diameter of 13.4 % and 16.5 %, respectively, compared to the uncoated fiber. The maximum curvature radius of the uncoated fibers was 3.69 ± 1.70 mm, whereas the fibers recoated with the 5 % and 10 % film former sizings reached a bending radius of 1.71 ± 1.38 mm and 1.55 ± 0.98 mm, representing 53.9 % and 57.9 % reduction, respectively. This shows that recoated optical fibers are more flexible than the uncoated ones. In all, the recoating of optical fibers proposed in this work results in fibers with smooth and flexible surfaces using a simple, cost-effective technique that can be implemented on large-scale processes.

本文介绍了一种快速重涂光纤的方法，采用浸涂技术，使用聚丙烯薄膜成型剂和硅烷偶联剂，该偶联剂反应，在芯上产生保护膜。用浓度分别为5%和10%的成膜浆料对二氧化硅光纤进行复涂。显微分析表明，与未涂覆的纤维相比，涂覆后的纤维表面光滑，直径分别增加了13.4%和16.5%。未涂膜纤维的最大曲率半径为3.69±1.70 mm，而涂膜前料为5%和10%的纤维的弯曲半径分别为1.71±1.38 mm和1.55±0.98 mm，分别减少了53.9%和57.9%。这表明涂覆的光纤比未涂覆的光纤更柔韧。总之，这项工作中提出的光纤重涂技术使用一种简单、经济有效的技术，可以在大规模工艺中实施，从而使光纤具有光滑和柔性的表面。

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引用次数: 0

TEM observation of extracted precipitates in T5 heat treated Al–Si–Mg alloy T5热处理Al-Si-Mg合金析出相的透射电镜观察

IF 2.2 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100246

Taiki Tsuchiya , Seungwon Lee , Susumu Ikeno , Kenji Matsuda

The precipitation behavior of an Al–6.8 %Si–0.38 %Mg cast alloy subjected to T5 heat treatment was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At the peak aging condition of 200 °C, granular and rod-shaped precipitates were observed at the center of the dendrite. Rod-shaped precipitates were successfully extracted after aging at 250 °C for 3.6 ks. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that the extracted precipitates had a Mg:Al:Si atomic ratio of approximately 1:4:5, consistent with previously reported Type-A precipitates. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis further confirmed their hexagonal crystal structure, with lattice parameters a = 0.405 nm and c = 0.67 nm. These findings indicate that Type-A precipitates, which are typically observed in excess-Si Al–Mg–Si alloys, also form in T5-treated Al–Si–Mg cast alloys.

采用透射电镜（TEM）研究了al - 6.8% si - 0.38% Mg合金经T5热处理后的析出行为。在200℃的峰值时效条件下，枝晶中心出现粒状和棒状析出物。在250°C时效3.6 ks后，成功地提取了棒状沉淀。能量色散x射线光谱（EDS）证实，提取的析出物Mg:Al:Si原子比约为1:4:5，与先前报道的a型析出物一致。选择区域电子衍射（SAED）分析进一步证实了它们的六方晶体结构，晶格参数a = 0.405 nm, c = 0.67 nm。这些发现表明，在t5处理的Al-Si-Mg铸造合金中也会形成a型析出相，这种析出相通常在过量si Al-Mg-Si合金中观察到。

引用次数: 0

Surface contamination induced by warm severe surface peening using 100C6 steel and ZrO2 shots 用100C6钢和ZrO2喷丸进行表面强化热处理引起的表面污染

IF 2.2 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100245

Y Austernaud , M Novelli , T.H. Kauffmann , P Bocher , T Grosdidier

The sample surface contamination induced during Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT) was studied after peening treatments carried out with 100C6 steel and ZrO₂ zirconia shots at room temperature, 523 K, and 773 K. All constituting parts of the treatment device (sonotrode, chamber, shots) contributed to sample surface contamination. Increasing the SMAT temperature led to a higher surface contamination with bigger contaminant debris as well as sample surface oxidation. In particular, several ZrO₂ shots were fragmented at 773 K due to a phase transformation embrittlement under warm condition.

采用100C6钢和ZrO2氧化锆在室温、523 K和773 K条件下进行喷丸强化处理，研究了表面机械磨损处理（SMAT）对样品表面污染的影响。处理装置的所有组成部分（声纳管、腔室、针筒）都会造成样品表面污染。随着SMAT温度的升高，样品表面污染加剧，污染物碎片增多，样品表面氧化。特别是，由于高温条件下的相变脆化，在773 K时，几个ZrO2弹丸破碎。

引用次数: 0

Semiconducting polymer-MXene blends with improved charge carrier mobilities and their application in field-effect transistors 提高载流子迁移率的半导体聚合物- mxene共混物及其在场效应晶体管中的应用

IF 2.2 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100244

Jurij Urbančič , Huanhuan Shi , Ali Shaygan Nia , Egon Pavlica

Ti₃C₂T_x is the first successfully obtained member of the MXene family. Due to its many excellent properties such as high metallic conductivity, solubility and capacitance, it has attracted a wide interest in potential applications such as supercapacitors and energy storage devices. In the presented work, we have successfully produced various semiconducting thin-films consisting of Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) organic semiconductor (OS) blended with MXene flakes with different MXenes concentrations. Time-of-flight photoconductivity (TOFP) measurements revealed a 370 % enhancement in charge carrier mobility compared to neat P3HT. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) were also fabricated using these blends, showing a 20 % improvement in field-effect mobility. This discrepancy arises due to contact resistance and interface effects in OFETs, which are absent in TOFP measurements. These results highlight the promise of P3HT:MXene blends for advanced electronic applications, where high mobility and straightforward processing are essential.

Ti3C2Tx是MXene家族中第一个成功获得的成员。由于其具有高金属导电性、高溶解度和高电容等优异性能，在超级电容器和储能器件等潜在应用领域引起了广泛的兴趣。在本文中，我们成功地制备了由聚（3-己基噻吩-2,5-二基）（P3HT）有机半导体（OS）与不同MXenes浓度的MXenes片混合组成的各种半导体薄膜。飞行时间光电导率（TOFP）测量显示，与纯P3HT相比，载流子迁移率提高了370%。有机场效应晶体管（ofet）也使用这些混合物制成，显示出20%的场效应迁移率提高。这种差异是由于ofet中的接触电阻和界面效应引起的，而这在TOFP测量中是不存在的。这些结果突出了P3HT:MXene共混物在先进电子应用中的前景，在这些应用中，高移动性和直接处理是必不可少的。

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引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly gelatin/rice bran polysaccharides packaging films for fruit preservation 果胶/米糠多糖环保型保鲜膜

IF 2.2 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Letters: X

Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2025.100243

Wei Wang , Xiaoju Chen , Xinyu Ye , Bei Ni , Lin Xu , Minmin Chen

Rice bran polysaccharides (RB) has a wide range of biological activities. However, it is rarely investigated as a food packaging material. The present study aimed to extract RB and prepare gelatin/RB (Ge/RB) film by solution casting method. The results indicated the incorporation of RB into films increased the roughness, tensile strength, and antioxidant activity but decreased the water contact angle of the films. In addition, the film could decrease the weight loss rate of the apple and prevent wound decay of the pear. Therefore, the Ge/RB food packaging film has great potential for food preservation.

米糠多糖具有广泛的生物活性。然而，很少研究它作为食品包装材料。本研究旨在通过溶液铸造法提取RB，制备明胶/RB （Ge/RB）薄膜。结果表明，RB的加入提高了膜的粗糙度、抗拉强度和抗氧化活性，但降低了膜的水接触角。此外，该膜还能降低苹果的失重率，防止梨的伤口腐烂。因此，Ge/RB食品包装膜具有很大的食品保鲜潜力。

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