In this study, a method was developed for the management of marine plastic waste via the production of activated carbon. The specific surface area, micropore volume, and mesopore volume of marine-plastic-based activated carbon prepared at selected temperatures and using selected activator weight ratios were measured, and the specific capacitance and supercapacitor electrode performance were evaluated. At an activation temperature of 800 °C and a raw material to 8 M KOH weight ratio of 1:7, a specific capacitance of 201F/g and a high surface area of 2389 m2/g were obtained. Therefore, marine plastic waste-based activated carbon can be used as the electrode material in supercapacitors.
在本研究中,开发了一种通过生产活性炭来管理海洋塑料废物的方法。测定了在选定温度和活化剂重量比下制备的海洋塑料基活性炭的比表面积、微孔体积和介孔体积,并对其比电容和超级电容器电极性能进行了评价。在活化温度为800℃,原料与8 M KOH的质量比为1:7的条件下,获得了201F/g的比电容和2389 m2/g的高比表面积。因此,海洋塑料垃圾活性炭可以作为超级电容器的电极材料。
{"title":"Recycling marine plastic waste to energy storage devices","authors":"Daisuke Tashima , Takuhiro Kashio , Takuya Eguchi , Seiji Kumagai , Toshiki Tsubota , John D.W. Madden","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a method was developed for the management of marine plastic waste via the production of activated carbon. The specific surface area, micropore volume, and mesopore volume of marine-plastic-based activated carbon prepared at selected temperatures and using selected activator weight ratios were measured, and the specific capacitance and supercapacitor electrode performance were evaluated. At an activation temperature of 800 °C and a raw material to 8 M KOH weight ratio of 1:7, a specific capacitance of 201F/g and a high surface area of 2389 m<sup>2</sup>/g were obtained. Therefore, marine plastic waste-based activated carbon can be used as the electrode material in supercapacitors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48817353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100198
Liu-Yi Xu, Yi-Jie Gu
Mn3O4@CC electrodes were synthesized via a fast one-step molten salt method for flexible quasi-solid symmetric supercapacitors. Mn3O4 grows rapidly in a high polarity molten salt system and strongly anchors to carbon cloth. The molten salt method can realize sodion embedded in Mn3O4 and then improve the conductivity and capacitance. The results show that the Na-0.9-based supercapacitor exhibits a high capacitance of 1225.7 mF cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2. The preparation method, design strategy on structure of composition in this work will provide a novel route to realize high-performance flexible supercapacitors.
采用快速一步熔盐法合成了柔性准固体对称超级电容器Mn3O4@CC电极。Mn3O4在高极性熔盐体系中生长迅速,并牢固地锚定在碳布上。熔盐法可以实现钠嵌入Mn3O4,从而提高其电导率和电容量。结果表明,na -0.9基超级电容器在5ma cm - 2时具有1225.7 mF cm - 2的高电容。本文所提出的制备方法、组合物结构设计策略将为实现高性能柔性超级电容器提供一条新的途径。
{"title":"Synthesis of Mn3O4 on carbon cloth for flexible supercapacitors","authors":"Liu-Yi Xu, Yi-Jie Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@CC electrodes were synthesized via a fast one-step molten salt method for flexible quasi-solid symmetric supercapacitors. Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> grows rapidly in a high polarity molten salt system and strongly anchors to carbon cloth. The molten salt method can realize sodion embedded in Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and then improve the conductivity and capacitance. The results show that the Na-0.9-based supercapacitor exhibits a high capacitance of 1225.7 mF cm<sup>−2</sup> at 5 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. The preparation method, design strategy on structure of composition in this work will provide a novel route to realize high-performance flexible supercapacitors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41994027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100195
Manisha Mondal , Subhamay Pramanik
Carbon nanodots (CDs) synthesized via the microwave pyrolysis approach are monodisperse with the nano-size distribution. The CDs show color tunability simply by changing the excitation wavelength. Also, the emission intensity varies with varying different microwave response times. Detail characterizations indicate that the carbon defects that lead to heterogeneous emission levels are responsible for the emission properties of the CDs.
{"title":"A mechanism for excitation-dependent emission from carbon nanodots","authors":"Manisha Mondal , Subhamay Pramanik","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon nanodots (CDs) synthesized via the microwave pyrolysis approach are monodisperse with the nano-size distribution. The CDs show color tunability simply by changing the excitation wavelength. Also, the emission intensity varies with varying different microwave response times. Detail characterizations indicate that the carbon defects that lead to heterogeneous emission levels are responsible for the emission properties of the CDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42552519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100205
Pushpa N , M.K. Kokila , K.R. Nagabhushana
Pure and Eu3+ doped La2O3 nanophosphor was synthesized by sol gel process. PL spectra of undoped La2O3 samples shows broad emission peaks between 400 and 600 nm and Eu3+ doped samples show PL emission peaks at 510, 515, 531, 537, 553, 578, 585, 594, 612 and 624 nm. These peaks are attributed to 5D1 → 7F2, 5D1 → 7F2, 5D0 → 7F0, 5D0 → 7F1,5D0 → 7F2 transitions of Eu3 + ions. The electronic dipole transition corresponding to5D0 → 7F2 (624, 612 nm) is stronger than the magnetic dipole transition of 5D0 → 7F1 (585, 594 nm) of Eu3+ ions. Luminescence behavior of Eu3+ in La2O3 is analyzed by Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters.
{"title":"Red luminescence from La2O3:Eu3+ nanophosphor prepared by Sol-Gel method","authors":"Pushpa N , M.K. Kokila , K.R. Nagabhushana","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pure and Eu<sup>3+</sup> doped La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanophosphor was synthesized by sol gel process. PL spectra of undoped La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> samples shows broad emission peaks between 400 and 600 nm and Eu<sup>3+</sup> doped samples show PL emission peaks at 510, 515, 531, 537, 553, 578, 585, 594, 612 and 624 nm. These peaks are attributed to <sup>5</sup>D<sub>1</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>2</sub>, <sup>5</sup>D<sub>1</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>2</sub>, <sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>0</sub>, <sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>1</sub>,<sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>2</sub> transitions of Eu<sup>3 +</sup> ions. The electronic dipole transition corresponding to<sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>2</sub> (624, 612 nm) is stronger than the magnetic dipole transition of <sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub> → <sup>7</sup>F<sub>1</sub> (585, 594 nm) of Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions. Luminescence behavior of Eu<sup>3+</sup> in La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is analyzed by Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45123390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CdSe and CdSe:Te thin films were grown on Si p-type substrates by RF magnetron sputtering method. The doping percentage of Tellurium (Te) in CdSe was 7% for the CdSe:Te thin film. The results show that after the doping of Te in the CdSe thin film, the conductivity changes from n-type to p-type and the mobility of the CdSe thin film increased. The conductivity of Te doped CdSe was found to be in order of 10−6 Ω−1 cm−1, while without doping it was 10−5 Ω−1 cm−1. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of CdSe, Te and Si.
{"title":"Study the hall effect and DC conductivity of CdSe and Te doped CdSe thin films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering method","authors":"Devendra Kumar , Chiranji Lal , Dharm Veer , Deshraj Singh , Pawan Kumar , Ram S. Katiyar","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CdSe and CdSe:Te thin films were grown on Si p-type substrates by RF magnetron sputtering method. The doping percentage of Tellurium (Te) in CdSe was 7% for the CdSe:Te thin film. The results show that after the doping of Te in the CdSe thin film, the conductivity changes from n-type to p-type and the mobility of the CdSe thin film increased. The conductivity of Te doped CdSe was found to be in order of 10<sup>−6</sup> Ω<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup>, while without doping it was 10<sup>−5</sup> Ω<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup>. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of CdSe, Te and Si.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43936982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100199
K. R. Nagabhushana, H. Lokesha, S. Satyanarayana Reddy, N. Thejavathi, F. Singh
{"title":"Effect of 100 MeV Ni7+ ion irradiation on photoluminescence of α-A","authors":"K. R. Nagabhushana, H. Lokesha, S. Satyanarayana Reddy, N. Thejavathi, F. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44230532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Core@shell nanomaterials are a class of materials containing a core and a shell, both at the nanometer scale, as they have become a consequential research interest owing to their optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Moreover, various core@shell nanomaterials have also emerged in many other fields, such as catalysis, pharmaceuticals, and biomedical due to their less toxicity, surface area, good biocompatibility, adequate penetration power for biological tissue, and selectivity for target molecules. Hence, this review covers the optical properties of core@shell nanomaterials and biosensors based on various core@shell nanomaterials, for example, inorganic@inorganic (Au@Ag), organic@inorganic (polyurethane@Au), inorganic@organic (CeO2@polyaniline), and organic@organic (poly(vinylidene difluoride)@dopamine) for biomedical applications; along with this, it also discusses the advantage and disadvantage of core@shell nanomaterials.
{"title":"Optical characteristics and biosensing application of core@shell nanomaterials","authors":"Sarita Shaktawat , Kshitij RB Singh , Sushma Thapa , Ranjana Verma , Jay Singh , Ravindra Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Core@shell nanomaterials are a class of materials containing a core and a shell, both at the nanometer scale, as they have become a consequential research interest owing to their optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Moreover, various core@shell nanomaterials have also emerged in many other fields, such as catalysis, pharmaceuticals, and biomedical due to their less toxicity, surface area, good biocompatibility, adequate penetration power for biological tissue, and selectivity for target molecules. Hence, this review covers the optical properties of core@shell nanomaterials and biosensors based on various core@shell nanomaterials, for example, inorganic@inorganic (Au@Ag), organic@inorganic (polyurethane@Au), inorganic@organic (CeO<sub>2</sub>@polyaniline), and organic@organic (poly(vinylidene difluoride)@dopamine) for biomedical applications; along with this, it also discusses the advantage and disadvantage of core@shell nanomaterials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42898133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100185
M. Mohapatra , Santosh K. Gupta
In the present work, 241Am incorporated in SrBPO5 (SBP) host matrix was investigated by various spectroscopic techniques to understand the trap level spectroscopic properties of the system. Photoluminescence (PL) depicted stabilization of Am in +3 oxidation state with low local symmetry. Thermoluminescence (TL) on the other hand suggested that creation of self irradiated defects in SBP:241Am leads to a glow curve around 463 K. Electron spin resonance (ESR) further confirmed the creation of borate radical in axial symmetry on doping ‘Am’ in SBP with hyperfine splitting. We could further propose the mechanism of TL glow curve on doping Am in the SBP lattice.
{"title":"Americium doping induced self irradiation of SrBPO5: 241Am: Spectroscopic insight","authors":"M. Mohapatra , Santosh K. Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present work, <sup>241</sup>Am incorporated in SrBPO<sub>5</sub> (SBP) host matrix was investigated by various spectroscopic techniques to understand the trap level spectroscopic properties of the system. Photoluminescence (PL) depicted stabilization of Am in +3 oxidation state with low local symmetry. Thermoluminescence (TL) on the other hand suggested that creation of self irradiated defects in SBP:<sup>241</sup>Am leads to a glow curve around 463 K. Electron spin resonance (ESR) further confirmed the creation of borate radical in axial symmetry on doping ‘Am’ in SBP with hyperfine splitting. We could further propose the mechanism of TL glow curve on doping Am in the SBP lattice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42826823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present work, the effect of deposition time (10 min, 20 min, and 30 min) on the structural, morphological, and electrical properties of Al/Ta thin films has been investigated. The XRD and microscopy results revealed that the thin films exhibit a bcc structure, with a strong (1 1 0) preferred orientation and followed a columnar growth with grain sizes lower than 100 nm. Thin film with 20-min deposition time exhibits less average roughness and better morphology than 10-min and 30-min. Further, the average resistance was smallest for thin films with 20-min of deposition time along with the optical reflectance between 50 and 85% in wavelength region of 400–1000 nm. The Al/Ta thin film can be employed as an excellent back-contact material for thinfilm solar cells due to its improved crystallinity, reflectance, and lower resistivity.
{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of Al/Ta thin films as metal junctions for solar cell applications","authors":"Kamil Monga , Larak Labbafi , Harshita Trivedi , Zohreh Ghorannevis , Avanish Singh Parmar , Shilpi Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2022.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2022.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present work, the effect of deposition time (10 min, 20 min, and 30 min) on the structural, morphological, and electrical properties of Al/Ta thin films has been investigated. The XRD and microscopy results revealed that the thin films exhibit a bcc structure, with a strong (1<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->0) preferred orientation and followed a columnar growth with grain sizes lower than 100 nm. Thin film with 20-min deposition time exhibits less average roughness and better morphology than 10-min and 30-min. Further, the average resistance was smallest for thin films with 20-min of deposition time along with the optical reflectance between 50 and 85% in wavelength region of 400–1000 nm. The Al/Ta thin film can be employed as an excellent back-contact material for thinfilm solar cells due to its improved crystallinity, reflectance, and lower resistivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46634861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100183
Indranil Roy, Subhrajit Roychowdhury, Bojun Feng, Sandipp Krishnan Ravi, Sayan Ghosh, Rajnikant Umretiya, Raul B. Rebak, Daniel M. Ruscitto, Vipul Gupta, Andrew Hoffman
FeCrAl alloys are among the most promising candidates for accident-tolerant fuel cladding material in light water nuclear reactors. Despite their high-temperature oxidation resistance in corrosive environments coupled with their hydrothermal corrosion resistance, a key challenge remains in optimizing the composition of the alloy that can be achieved through statistical analysis. However, the current literature on FeCrAl alloy design lack studies for designing alloys based on oxidation resistance. This study addresses that gap by developing a predictive model for the oxidation of FeCrAl alloys based on an experimental dataset, which lays the groundwork for model-based optimization for alloy composition.
{"title":"Data-driven predictive modeling of FeCrAl oxidation","authors":"Indranil Roy, Subhrajit Roychowdhury, Bojun Feng, Sandipp Krishnan Ravi, Sayan Ghosh, Rajnikant Umretiya, Raul B. Rebak, Daniel M. Ruscitto, Vipul Gupta, Andrew Hoffman","doi":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>FeCrAl alloys are among the most promising candidates for accident-tolerant fuel cladding material in light water nuclear reactors. Despite their high-temperature oxidation resistance in corrosive environments coupled with their hydrothermal corrosion resistance, a key challenge remains in optimizing the composition of the alloy that can be achieved through statistical analysis. However, the current literature on FeCrAl alloy design lack studies for designing alloys based on oxidation resistance. This study addresses that gap by developing a predictive model for the oxidation of FeCrAl alloys based on an experimental dataset, which lays the groundwork for model-based optimization for alloy composition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18245,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46337657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}