Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.53
Ardiansyah, K. G. Wiryawan, P. Karti
The experiment was designed to evaluate the silage quality of sorghum forage varieties of Citayam and BMR 3.6 strain at different harvesting times and the effectiveness of a legumes addition as a concentrate substitute in sorghum forage silage-based diets on in vitro fermentability using rumen fluid of beef cattle. Experimental design for silage quality was completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial, i.e., forage sorghum types (Citayam and BMR 3.6) and time of harvesting the forage sorghum (85, 95, and 105 d). Experimental design for in vitro fermentability and digestibility was randomized block design with 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, i.e. types of ration (with 2 levels i.e., a mixture of legumes and concentrate) and types of sorghum forage silages (with 2 levels i.e., Citayam and BMR 3.6). All silages had a good odor, color, and texture. Silage of sorghum harvested at 105 d had better grades and was selected for in vitro studies. The treatment had no effect on pH and organic matter digestibility. BMR 3.6 based silage had greater values of NH3, total VFA, rumen microbial population, methane, and dry matter digestibility. Substitution of concentrate with a mixture of legumes did not affect fermentability, microbe population and digestibility in the rumen. Silage of sorghum strain BMR 3.6 harvested at 105 d had a very good quality and mixing with legumes could replace concentrate in forage sorghum silage based diet on in vitro fermentability and digestibility using beef cattle rumen fluid.
本试验旨在评价不同采收期高粱饲料品种Citayam和BMR 3.6品系的青贮品质，以及在高粱饲料青贮基础饲粮中添加豆类精料替代品对肉牛瘤胃液体外发酵性能的影响。青贮饲料质量的实验设计是完全随机设计2 x 3的阶乘,例如,饲料高粱类型(Citayam和基础代谢率3.6)和时间收割的饲料高粱(85、95和105 d)。实验设计对体外发酵能力和消化率是随机区组设计2 x 2的阶乘的安排,即类型的定量(2水平即,豆类和集中的混合物)和类型的高粱饲料青贮饲料(2水平即Citayam和基础代谢率3.6)。所有青贮料都具有良好的气味、颜色和质地。在105 d收获的高粱青贮具有较好的等级，并被选择用于体外研究。处理对pH值和有机物消化率无影响。基于BMR 3.6的青贮具有较高的NH3、总VFA、瘤胃微生物群、甲烷和干物质消化率。用豆科混合物替代精料对瘤胃的发酵能力、微生物数量和消化率没有影响。105 d收获的高粱品种BMR 3.6青贮品质很好，在肉牛瘤胃液的体外发酵率和消化率方面，与豆科植物混合可替代饲粮高粱青贮基础饲粮中的精料。
{"title":"Silage Quality of Sorghum Harvested at Different Times and Its Combination with Mixed Legumes or Concentrate Evaluated in Vitro","authors":"Ardiansyah, K. G. Wiryawan, P. Karti","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was designed to evaluate the silage quality of sorghum forage varieties of Citayam and BMR 3.6 strain at different harvesting times and the effectiveness of a legumes addition as a concentrate substitute in sorghum forage silage-based diets on in vitro fermentability using rumen fluid of beef cattle. Experimental design for silage quality was completely randomized design with 2 x 3 factorial, i.e., forage sorghum types (Citayam and BMR 3.6) and time of harvesting the forage sorghum (85, 95, and 105 d). Experimental design for in vitro fermentability and digestibility was randomized block design with 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, i.e. types of ration (with 2 levels i.e., a mixture of legumes and concentrate) and types of sorghum forage silages (with 2 levels i.e., Citayam and BMR 3.6). All silages had a good odor, color, and texture. Silage of sorghum harvested at 105 d had better grades and was selected for in vitro studies. The treatment had no effect on pH and organic matter digestibility. BMR 3.6 based silage had greater values of NH3, total VFA, rumen microbial population, methane, and dry matter digestibility. Substitution of concentrate with a mixture of legumes did not affect fermentability, microbe population and digestibility in the rumen. Silage of sorghum strain BMR 3.6 harvested at 105 d had a very good quality and mixing with legumes could replace concentrate in forage sorghum silage based diet on in vitro fermentability and digestibility using beef cattle rumen fluid.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70659340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.34
Khairani, Sumiati, K. G. Wiryawan
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of choline chloride supplementation at 1500 ppm in diets containing various levels of methionine on egg production and egg quality in quails. A total of 180 birds, at 6 week-old quail were divided into 18 experimental units, and assigned to a 2 x 3 factorial design experiment with 3 replications (10 birds each) in each treatment. The birds were offered diets containing choline chloride at either 0 (A1) or 1500 ppm (A2), with three levels of methionine namely, low (0.19%, B1), standard (0.79%, B2) and, high (1.05%, B3). The feeding trial lasted for 8 weeks. Supplementation of choline chloride in low methionine diet significantly (P<0.05) increased egg production, egg mass, and egg weight as compared to those without choline chloride supplementation. Supplementation of choline chloride significantly (P<0.05) increased egg yolk weight but decreased albumen and egg shell weight as compared to those fed diets without choline chloride supplementation. It can be concluded that supplementation of choline chloride to a diet containing low methionine increased egg production, without affecting egg quality.
{"title":"Egg Production and Quality of Quails Fed Diets with Varying Levels of Methionine and Choline Chloride","authors":"Khairani, Sumiati, K. G. Wiryawan","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.34","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of choline chloride supplementation at 1500 ppm in diets containing various levels of methionine on egg production and egg quality in quails. A total of 180 birds, at 6 week-old quail were divided into 18 experimental units, and assigned to a 2 x 3 factorial design experiment with 3 replications (10 birds each) in each treatment. The birds were offered diets containing choline chloride at either 0 (A1) or 1500 ppm (A2), with three levels of methionine namely, low (0.19%, B1), standard (0.79%, B2) and, high (1.05%, B3). The feeding trial lasted for 8 weeks. Supplementation of choline chloride in low methionine diet significantly (P<0.05) increased egg production, egg mass, and egg weight as compared to those without choline chloride supplementation. Supplementation of choline chloride significantly (P<0.05) increased egg yolk weight but decreased albumen and egg shell weight as compared to those fed diets without choline chloride supplementation. It can be concluded that supplementation of choline chloride to a diet containing low methionine increased egg production, without affecting egg quality.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.27
Wida Salupi, Yopi, A. Meryandini
Corn is one of the important carbohydrate sources in Indonesia that is mainly used for food and industrial materials. In addition, the byproducts of corn, such as corncobs, have been reported as xylan-containing materials that can be utilized as substrate in xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production. XOS are natural prebiotic fibers that can enhance the performance of animal’s digestive system. The main objective of this study was to exploit xylan from corncobs to produce XOS. The research consisted of extraction and production of xylan from corncobs and the synthesis of XOS from corncob-produced xylan. The corncob and Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10 xylanase is a collection of PPSHB IPB Laboratory. Corncobs xylan extracted by using alkaline method and reducting sugar was analyzed by dinitrosalicylic acid method. The xylan extraction from corncobs could produce 7.93% (w/w) of xylan. The activity of S. violascens BF 3.10 xylanase on the substrate of concorb-produced xylan was 6.4 U/mL at the optimum temperature of 60 °C in 50 mM phosphate buffer with pH 5.5. The thin layer chromatography analysis indicated that 1% (w/v) corn-cob xylan could produce XOS with degree of polymerization (DP) 3.92. XOS, with DP ranging from 2-4, could be used as a livestock feed mixture to stimulate the growth of normal microbes in the gastrointestinal tract of livestock. Key words: corncobs, Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10, xylan, xylanase
{"title":"Xylanase Activity of Streptomyces Violascences BF 3.10 on Xylan Corncobs and Its Xylooligosaccharide Production","authors":"Wida Salupi, Yopi, A. Meryandini","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"Corn is one of the important carbohydrate sources in Indonesia that is mainly used for food and industrial materials. In addition, the byproducts of corn, such as corncobs, have been reported as xylan-containing materials that can be utilized as substrate in xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production. XOS are natural prebiotic fibers that can enhance the performance of animal’s digestive system. The main objective of this study was to exploit xylan from corncobs to produce XOS. The research consisted of extraction and production of xylan from corncobs and the synthesis of XOS from corncob-produced xylan. The corncob and Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10 xylanase is a collection of PPSHB IPB Laboratory. Corncobs xylan extracted by using alkaline method and reducting sugar was analyzed by dinitrosalicylic acid method. The xylan extraction from corncobs could produce 7.93% (w/w) of xylan. The activity of S. violascens BF 3.10 xylanase on the substrate of concorb-produced xylan was 6.4 U/mL at the optimum temperature of 60 °C in 50 mM phosphate buffer with pH 5.5. The thin layer chromatography analysis indicated that 1% (w/v) corn-cob xylan could produce XOS with degree of polymerization (DP) 3.92. XOS, with DP ranging from 2-4, could be used as a livestock feed mixture to stimulate the growth of normal microbes in the gastrointestinal tract of livestock. Key words: corncobs, Streptomyces violascens BF 3.10, xylan, xylanase","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"38 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.27","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70657040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2015.38.1.70
Heru Dwi Nugroho, I. Permana, Despal
The research was conducted to study the effect of addition of 7% DM maize hydroponic fodder (MHF) in corn silage on digestibility and milk production of dairy cows. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with two treatments, and four replications. The treatments were dairy cows fed with grass (Pennisetum purpureum), corn silage, and concentrate (R0), and dairy cows fed with grass (P. purpureum), corn silage, concentrate, and MHF (R1). This research used eight dairy cows with initial average milk production of 13.01±2.96 L/d. MHF was produced in a hydroponic system using bioslurry as a fertilizer enriched with mineral fertilizer. Variables observed were chemical composition of bioslurry, nutrient content of ration, daily dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), and Digestible Energy (DE). Data were analyzed with ANOVA, except for milk production using ANCOVA. Supplementation of MHF resulted a higher total dry matter intake on R1 than R0 (P<0.05), 12.99±0.063 kg/head/d, and 11.98±0.295 kg/head/d, respectively. The digestibility of nutrients were not affected by the addition of MHF. Energy consumption in R1 was also higher than R0 (P<0.05), 49.95±0.36 Mkal/kg, and 46.11±0.54 Mkal/kg, respectively. Supplementation of MHF also increased nitrogen consumption, R1 was higher than R0 (P<0.05), 318.3±2.3 g/head/d, and 295.9±3.5 g/head/d, respectively, and could maintain the persistency of milk production at the end of lactation. It can be concluded that supplementation of MHF in corn silage can increase dry matter intake, energy consumption, and nitrogen consumption, also can maintain nutrient digestibility and maintain persistency of milk production during late lactation of dairy cows.Key words: bioslurry, dairy cow, greenhouse fodder, nutrient digestibility
{"title":"Utilization of Bioslurry on Maize Hydroponic Fodder as a Corn Silage Supplement on Nutrient Digestibility and Milk Production of Dairy Cows","authors":"Heru Dwi Nugroho, I. Permana, Despal","doi":"10.5398/medpet.2015.38.1.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/medpet.2015.38.1.70","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted to study the effect of addition of 7% DM maize hydroponic fodder (MHF) in corn silage on digestibility and milk production of dairy cows. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with two treatments, and four replications. The treatments were dairy cows fed with grass (Pennisetum purpureum), corn silage, and concentrate (R0), and dairy cows fed with grass (P. purpureum), corn silage, concentrate, and MHF (R1). This research used eight dairy cows with initial average milk production of 13.01±2.96 L/d. MHF was produced in a hydroponic system using bioslurry as a fertilizer enriched with mineral fertilizer. Variables observed were chemical composition of bioslurry, nutrient content of ration, daily dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), and Digestible Energy (DE). Data were analyzed with ANOVA, except for milk production using ANCOVA. Supplementation of MHF resulted a higher total dry matter intake on R1 than R0 (P<0.05), 12.99±0.063 kg/head/d, and 11.98±0.295 kg/head/d, respectively. The digestibility of nutrients were not affected by the addition of MHF. Energy consumption in R1 was also higher than R0 (P<0.05), 49.95±0.36 Mkal/kg, and 46.11±0.54 Mkal/kg, respectively. Supplementation of MHF also increased nitrogen consumption, R1 was higher than R0 (P<0.05), 318.3±2.3 g/head/d, and 295.9±3.5 g/head/d, respectively, and could maintain the persistency of milk production at the end of lactation. It can be concluded that supplementation of MHF in corn silage can increase dry matter intake, energy consumption, and nitrogen consumption, also can maintain nutrient digestibility and maintain persistency of milk production during late lactation of dairy cows.Key words: bioslurry, dairy cow, greenhouse fodder, nutrient digestibility","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"38 1","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5398/medpet.2015.38.1.70","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70657399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.1
Novita Anggraeni, A. Farajallah, D. Astuti
The aim of this research was to assess the use of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) powder extract on the blood cells and hematological variables of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The treatments consisted of R0= isoenergy and isoprotein ration without pupae powder extract, R1= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of pupae powder extract, R2= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of pupae powder extract, R3= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of residue of pupae powder extract, R4= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of residue of pupae powder extract, R5= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of pupae powder, and R6= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of pupae powder. The variables measured were blood cell and hematological profiles including the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, and leukocytes differentiation. Immune response was observed at 12, 24, and 48 h by counting the white blood cells type. The results showed that feed consumption ranged 79.19-154.70 g/quail/wk and the body weight was 71.45-149 g/quail. The addition of pupae extract at a dose of 10% in the diet significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of quail white blood cells. The addition of pupae extract, pupae powder residue, and pupae powder in the ration did not significantly affect the number of quail erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and PCV (packed cell volume). Mean number of white blood cells increased during 24 h after treatment of 10% pupae powder extract (R2) and decreased at the 48th h. It is concluded that the value of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and heterophile increased in quails supplemented with 10% pupae powder extract (R2).
{"title":"Blood Profile of Quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica) Fed Ration Containing Silkworm Pupae (Bombyx mori) Powder Extract","authors":"Novita Anggraeni, A. Farajallah, D. Astuti","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to assess the use of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) powder extract on the blood cells and hematological variables of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The treatments consisted of R0= isoenergy and isoprotein ration without pupae powder extract, R1= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of pupae powder extract, R2= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of pupae powder extract, R3= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of residue of pupae powder extract, R4= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of residue of pupae powder extract, R5= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 1% of pupae powder, and R6= isoenergy and isoprotein ration + 10% of pupae powder. The variables measured were blood cell and hematological profiles including the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, and leukocytes differentiation. Immune response was observed at 12, 24, and 48 h by counting the white blood cells type. The results showed that feed consumption ranged 79.19-154.70 g/quail/wk and the body weight was 71.45-149 g/quail. The addition of pupae extract at a dose of 10% in the diet significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of quail white blood cells. The addition of pupae extract, pupae powder residue, and pupae powder in the ration did not significantly affect the number of quail erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and PCV (packed cell volume). Mean number of white blood cells increased during 24 h after treatment of 10% pupae powder extract (R2) and decreased at the 48th h. It is concluded that the value of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and heterophile increased in quails supplemented with 10% pupae powder extract (R2).","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-01DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.27
Endah Yuniarti, D. Evvyernie, D. Astuti
Dates fruit waste (DFW) is a by-product of dates juice industry that contains high energy. So, it is suitable for an energy source in dairy goat ration. This study was conducted to observe the effect of DFW utilization in the ration on energy partition and productivity of lactating dairy goats. The experimental design was randomized block design using 9 primiparous lactating dairy goats. There were three types of ration as treatments used in this study, i.e. R0= 35% forage + 65% concentrate, R1= 35% forage + 55% concentrate + 10% DFW, and R2= 35% forage + 45% concentrate + 20% DFW. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and polynomial orthogonal test. The evaluated variables were dry matter intake (DMI), energy partition including energy intake, digestible and metabolizable energy, fecal and urine energy, energy in methane gas, and energy in milk, milk production and quality. The results showed that the linear decreased of DMI, energy intake, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, and urine energy with the increased of DFW level in the rations. The use of 10% DFW (R1) showed the lowest energy loss through feces and methane gas of all treatments about 1089.57 kcal/head/d and 2.36 kcal/head/d, respectively. The use of DFW did not affect energy retention in milk. The utilization of DFW in ration did not significantly prevent the decline of milk production and milk quality. It can be concluded that DFW can be used as an alternative feed for the lactating dairy goat up to 10% in the ration.
{"title":"Production and Energy Partition of Lactating Dairy Goats Fed Rations Containing Date Fruit Waste","authors":"Endah Yuniarti, D. Evvyernie, D. Astuti","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2016.39.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"Dates fruit waste (DFW) is a by-product of dates juice industry that contains high energy. So, it is suitable for an energy source in dairy goat ration. This study was conducted to observe the effect of DFW utilization in the ration on energy partition and productivity of lactating dairy goats. The experimental design was randomized block design using 9 primiparous lactating dairy goats. There were three types of ration as treatments used in this study, i.e. R0= 35% forage + 65% concentrate, R1= 35% forage + 55% concentrate + 10% DFW, and R2= 35% forage + 45% concentrate + 20% DFW. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and polynomial orthogonal test. The evaluated variables were dry matter intake (DMI), energy partition including energy intake, digestible and metabolizable energy, fecal and urine energy, energy in methane gas, and energy in milk, milk production and quality. The results showed that the linear decreased of DMI, energy intake, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, and urine energy with the increased of DFW level in the rations. The use of 10% DFW (R1) showed the lowest energy loss through feces and methane gas of all treatments about 1089.57 kcal/head/d and 2.36 kcal/head/d, respectively. The use of DFW did not affect energy retention in milk. The utilization of DFW in ration did not significantly prevent the decline of milk production and milk quality. It can be concluded that DFW can be used as an alternative feed for the lactating dairy goat up to 10% in the ration.","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"39 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-02DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.1
K. A. Paramitasari, C. Sumantri, Jakaria
The aim of this study was to identify the genetic variability of PRL and STAT5A genes in Bali cattle from Bali, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), and South Sulawesi (SS) using PCR-RFLP method. A total of 262 Bali cattle were identified using Rsa I (PRL) and Ava I (STAT5A) restriction enzymes. PRL gene exon 3, PRL gene exon 4, and STAT5A gene exon 7 amplifications resulted fragments with the lengths of 156 bp, 294 bp, 215 bp, respectively. Genotyping of PRL gene both at exon 3 and 4 produced three genotypes in Bali population and two genotypes in NTB and SS population. For the PRL gene, frequencies of A allele (exon 3) and G allele (exon 4) were dominant to the B allele (exon 3) and A allele (exon 4) across all populations. The results showed that STAT5A| Ava I loci had monomorphic C allele. Heterozygosity values were found low at both exons 3 and 4 of PRL gene in all population. Sequence analysis results of PRL gene both for exons 3 and 4 showed that there was a mutation between adenine (A) and guanine (G) bases in the Rsa I recognized site, whereas in STAT5A gene we can confirm the existence of Ava I restriction site (C|CCGAG). Key words: bali cattle, genetic polymorphism, PCR-RFLP, prolactin gene, STAT5A gene
本研究旨在利用PCR-RFLP方法，鉴定来自巴厘、西努沙登加拉(NTB)和南苏拉威西(SS)的巴厘牛PRL和STAT5A基因的遗传变异。利用Rsa I (PRL)和Ava I (STAT5A)限制性内切酶对262头巴厘牛进行了鉴定。PRL基因外显子3、PRL基因外显子4和STAT5A基因外显子7扩增得到的片段长度分别为156 bp、294 bp和215 bp。PRL基因外显子3和4的基因分型在Bali群体中得到3个基因型，在NTB和SS群体中得到2个基因型。对于PRL基因，在所有种群中，A等位基因(外显子3)和G等位基因(外显子4)的频率优于B等位基因(外显子3)和A等位基因(外显子4)。结果表明，STAT5A| Ava I位点具有单态C等位基因。PRL基因外显子3和4杂合度均较低。PRL基因外显子3和4的序列分析结果显示，在Rsa I识别位点存在腺嘌呤(a)和鸟嘌呤(G)碱基突变，而在STAT5A基因中，我们可以确认Ava I限制位点(C|CCGAG)的存在。关键词:巴厘牛，遗传多态性，PCR-RFLP，催乳素基因，STAT5A基因
{"title":"The Genetic Variability of Prolactin and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 5A (STAT5A) Genes in Bali Cattle","authors":"K. A. Paramitasari, C. Sumantri, Jakaria","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to identify the genetic variability of PRL and STAT5A genes in Bali cattle from Bali, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), and South Sulawesi (SS) using PCR-RFLP method. A total of 262 Bali cattle were identified using Rsa I (PRL) and Ava I (STAT5A) restriction enzymes. PRL gene exon 3, PRL gene exon 4, and STAT5A gene exon 7 amplifications resulted fragments with the lengths of 156 bp, 294 bp, 215 bp, respectively. Genotyping of PRL gene both at exon 3 and 4 produced three genotypes in Bali population and two genotypes in NTB and SS population. For the PRL gene, frequencies of A allele (exon 3) and G allele (exon 4) were dominant to the B allele (exon 3) and A allele (exon 4) across all populations. The results showed that STAT5A| Ava I loci had monomorphic C allele. Heterozygosity values were found low at both exons 3 and 4 of PRL gene in all population. Sequence analysis results of PRL gene both for exons 3 and 4 showed that there was a mutation between adenine (A) and guanine (G) bases in the Rsa I recognized site, whereas in STAT5A gene we can confirm the existence of Ava I restriction site (C|CCGAG). Key words: bali cattle, genetic polymorphism, PCR-RFLP, prolactin gene, STAT5A gene","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70657255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-02DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.12
W. A. Septian, Jakaria, C. Sumantri
Genetics characterization in livestock based on microsatellite has been widely implemented including for Bali cattle in three different breeding centres in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine diversity of Bali cattle microsatellites in three breeding centers namely BPTU Bali cattle in Bali, BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa in West Nusa Tenggara, and Village Breeding Center in South Sulawesi. The number of animals used in this study was 95 head of cattle consisted of 32 heads from BPTU Bali Province, 32 heads from BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa, and 31 heads from Village Barru Breeding Center Barru distric. Microsatellite loci used to determine the diversity was the locus SPS115, INRA037, MM12, and ETH185 based on flourescently labeled fragment method. Data analysis of microsatellite in Bali cattle at three different locations was performed by using POPGEN 1.2, Cervus, and POPTREE2 programs. The results showed that microsatellite diversity in Bali cattle detected 32 alleles from three different locations, and there were specific alleles at each location. Average values of observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.418 and 0.604 respectively, while the average value of polymorphism informative content (PIC) was 0.579. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in general suggested that the loci used in the Bali cattle in three populations were in equilibrium, except INRA037 and ETH185. The genetic diversity between populations of Bali cattle was 0.033 (3%), while the inbreeding coefficient index in all populations was 0.296 (29.6 %). Bali cattle phylogeny tree with three populations showed that the populations of Bali cattle in BPTU Bali and VBC Barru had close genetic distance compared to the population of Bali cattle in BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa. The results of this study provide information that the characteristics of Bali cattle breeding centers in three locations are different, so we need a directed breeding program in each population. Key words: Bali cattle, genetics diversity, microsatellite
{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Bali Cattle Based on Microsatellite Marker in Indonesian Breeding Centre","authors":"W. A. Septian, Jakaria, C. Sumantri","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Genetics characterization in livestock based on microsatellite has been widely implemented including for Bali cattle in three different breeding centres in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine diversity of Bali cattle microsatellites in three breeding centers namely BPTU Bali cattle in Bali, BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa in West Nusa Tenggara, and Village Breeding Center in South Sulawesi. The number of animals used in this study was 95 head of cattle consisted of 32 heads from BPTU Bali Province, 32 heads from BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa, and 31 heads from Village Barru Breeding Center Barru distric. Microsatellite loci used to determine the diversity was the locus SPS115, INRA037, MM12, and ETH185 based on flourescently labeled fragment method. Data analysis of microsatellite in Bali cattle at three different locations was performed by using POPGEN 1.2, Cervus, and POPTREE2 programs. The results showed that microsatellite diversity in Bali cattle detected 32 alleles from three different locations, and there were specific alleles at each location. Average values of observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.418 and 0.604 respectively, while the average value of polymorphism informative content (PIC) was 0.579. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in general suggested that the loci used in the Bali cattle in three populations were in equilibrium, except INRA037 and ETH185. The genetic diversity between populations of Bali cattle was 0.033 (3%), while the inbreeding coefficient index in all populations was 0.296 (29.6 %). Bali cattle phylogeny tree with three populations showed that the populations of Bali cattle in BPTU Bali and VBC Barru had close genetic distance compared to the population of Bali cattle in BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa. The results of this study provide information that the characteristics of Bali cattle breeding centers in three locations are different, so we need a directed breeding program in each population. Key words: Bali cattle, genetics diversity, microsatellite","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"38 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70657305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-03DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.42
I. Badarina, D. Evvyernie, T. Toharmat, E. N. Herliyana, L. K. Darusman
This study was carried out to assess the utilization of coffee husk fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus as feed supplement by measuring the digestibility, milk production and udder health of Etawah goats suffered from subclinical mastitis (+1). There were three experimental diets consisted of T0 (control diet/basal diet without fermented coffee husk), T1 (basal diet with 6% fermented coffee husk) and T2 (basal diet with 6% fermented coffee husk soaked in crude palm oil for an hour before using). Basal diet consisted of napier grass (60%) and concentrate (40%). The results showed that supplementation of lactating Etawah does with fermented coffee husk did not affect the palatability of the diets, but increased the protein and crude fiber consumption (P<0.05). There was no significant effect on nutrient digestibility and milk production while milk composition (protein, fat, total solid) increased in supplemented groups (P<0.05). The persistency of milk production and the somatic cells count were not different. There was an improvement of somatic cells count on supplemented groups. In conclusion, fermented coffee husk could be used as feed supplement without any negative effects on digestibility and milk production. The positive effects to udder health could be expected from including fermented coffee husk in diets. Key words: coffee husk, Etawah goat, fermented, performance, supplement
{"title":"Digestibility, milk production, and udder health of Etawah goats fed with fermented coffee husk.","authors":"I. Badarina, D. Evvyernie, T. Toharmat, E. N. Herliyana, L. K. Darusman","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.42","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to assess the utilization of coffee husk fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus as feed supplement by measuring the digestibility, milk production and udder health of Etawah goats suffered from subclinical mastitis (+1). There were three experimental diets consisted of T0 (control diet/basal diet without fermented coffee husk), T1 (basal diet with 6% fermented coffee husk) and T2 (basal diet with 6% fermented coffee husk soaked in crude palm oil for an hour before using). Basal diet consisted of napier grass (60%) and concentrate (40%). The results showed that supplementation of lactating Etawah does with fermented coffee husk did not affect the palatability of the diets, but increased the protein and crude fiber consumption (P<0.05). There was no significant effect on nutrient digestibility and milk production while milk composition (protein, fat, total solid) increased in supplemented groups (P<0.05). The persistency of milk production and the somatic cells count were not different. There was an improvement of somatic cells count on supplemented groups. In conclusion, fermented coffee husk could be used as feed supplement without any negative effects on digestibility and milk production. The positive effects to udder health could be expected from including fermented coffee husk in diets. Key words: coffee husk, Etawah goat, fermented, performance, supplement","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"38 1","pages":"42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70657760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-03DOI: 10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.18
Z. Wulandari, D. Fardiaz, C. Budiman, T. Suryati, Dian Herawati
Egg white lysozyme (EWL) has considerably a wide functional protein exhibiting antibacterial activity mainly against Gram-positive bacteria. The EWL is widely applied in food industry and is considerably safe. Despite its high potency, EWL of Indonesian poultry has never been studied and exploited. This study was aimed to purify EWL from two Indonesian poultry: kampung chicken and Cihateup duck, and compared to egg of commercial laying hens. The eggs in this study were obtained from field laboratory of Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) and classified in AA quality based on the interior quality. First attempt to purify the EWL was performed by using ethanol precipitation yielding purified EWL which was still contaminated by other proteins, hence designated as partially purified EWL. Final concentrations of partially purified EWL of kampung chicken, commercial laying hens, and Cihateup duck were about 5800, 5400, and 5500 μg/mL, respectively. To confirm whether the use of ethanol in the purification affecting EWL antibacterial activities, the activities were examined against Staphylococcus aureus . It demonstrated that the partially purified EWL exhibited ability to inhibit S. aureus at 6 and 26 h suggesting that the method was feasible as it did not interfere EWL antibacterial activities. Yet, based on SDS-Page, purity was the issue in ethanol precipitation method. Further attempt using ion exchange chromatography at pH 10 successfully purified lysozyme as indicated by a single band corresponding to lysozyme size (~14 kD) free from bands of other proteins. Altogether, a single step of ion exchange chromatography is sufficient and promising to isolate EWL from Indonesian poultry for various industrial purposes. Key words: Indonesian poultry, lysozyme, egg, kampung chicken, Cihateup duck
{"title":"Purification of Egg White Lysozyme from Indonesian Kampung Chicken and Ducks","authors":"Z. Wulandari, D. Fardiaz, C. Budiman, T. Suryati, Dian Herawati","doi":"10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Egg white lysozyme (EWL) has considerably a wide functional protein exhibiting antibacterial activity mainly against Gram-positive bacteria. The EWL is widely applied in food industry and is considerably safe. Despite its high potency, EWL of Indonesian poultry has never been studied and exploited. This study was aimed to purify EWL from two Indonesian poultry: kampung chicken and Cihateup duck, and compared to egg of commercial laying hens. The eggs in this study were obtained from field laboratory of Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) and classified in AA quality based on the interior quality. First attempt to purify the EWL was performed by using ethanol precipitation yielding purified EWL which was still contaminated by other proteins, hence designated as partially purified EWL. Final concentrations of partially purified EWL of kampung chicken, commercial laying hens, and Cihateup duck were about 5800, 5400, and 5500 μg/mL, respectively. To confirm whether the use of ethanol in the purification affecting EWL antibacterial activities, the activities were examined against Staphylococcus aureus . It demonstrated that the partially purified EWL exhibited ability to inhibit S. aureus at 6 and 26 h suggesting that the method was feasible as it did not interfere EWL antibacterial activities. Yet, based on SDS-Page, purity was the issue in ethanol precipitation method. Further attempt using ion exchange chromatography at pH 10 successfully purified lysozyme as indicated by a single band corresponding to lysozyme size (~14 kD) free from bands of other proteins. Altogether, a single step of ion exchange chromatography is sufficient and promising to isolate EWL from Indonesian poultry for various industrial purposes. Key words: Indonesian poultry, lysozyme, egg, kampung chicken, Cihateup duck","PeriodicalId":18346,"journal":{"name":"Media Peternakan","volume":"38 1","pages":"18-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5398/MEDPET.2015.38.1.18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70656903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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